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1. Dimensionality Engineering of Magnetic Anisotropy from Anomalous Hall Effect in Synthetic SrRuO3 Crystals

Author

Jeong, Seung Gyo, Cho, Seong Won, Song, Sehwan, Oh, Jin Young, Jeong, Do Gyeom, Han, Gyeongtak, Jeong, Hu Young, Mohamed, Ahmed Yousef, Noh, Woo-suk, Park, Sungkyun, Lee, Jong Seok, Lee, Suyoun, Kim, Young-Min, Cho, Deok-Yong, and Choi, Woo Seok

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Magnetic anisotropy in atomically thin correlated heterostructures is essential for exploring quantum magnetic phases for next-generation spintronics. Whereas previous studies have mostly focused on van der Waals systems, here, we investigate the impact of dimensionality of epitaxially-grown correlated oxides down to the monolayer limit on structural, magnetic, and orbital anisotropies. By designing oxide superlattices with a correlated ferromagnetic SrRuO3 and nonmagnetic SrTiO3 layers, we observed modulated ferromagnetic behavior with the change of the SrRuO3 thickness. Especially, for three-unit-cell-thick layers, we observe a significant 1,500% improvement of coercive field in the anomalous Hall effect, which cannot be solely attributed to the dimensional crossover in ferromagnetism. The atomic-scale heterostructures further reveal the systematic modulation of anisotropy for the lattice structure and orbital hybridization, explaining the enhanced magnetic anisotropy. Our findings provide valuable insights into engineering the anisotropic hybridization of synthetic magnetic crystals, offering a tunable spin order for various applications., Comment: 23 pages

Published
2024
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3. Querying Easily Flip-flopped Samples for Deep Active Learning

Author

Cho, Seong Jin, Kim, Gwangsu, Lee, Junghyun, Shin, Jinwoo, and Yoo, Chang D.

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Active learning is a machine learning paradigm that aims to improve the performance of a model by strategically selecting and querying unlabeled data. One effective selection strategy is to base it on the model's predictive uncertainty, which can be interpreted as a measure of how informative a sample is. The sample's distance to the decision boundary is a natural measure of predictive uncertainty, but it is often intractable to compute, especially for complex decision boundaries formed in multiclass classification tasks. To address this issue, this paper proposes the {\it least disagree metric} (LDM), defined as the smallest probability of disagreement of the predicted label, and an estimator for LDM proven to be asymptotically consistent under mild assumptions. The estimator is computationally efficient and can be easily implemented for deep learning models using parameter perturbation. The LDM-based active learning is performed by querying unlabeled data with the smallest LDM. Experimental results show that our LDM-based active learning algorithm obtains state-of-the-art overall performance on all considered datasets and deep architectures., Comment: 34 pages, 17 figures, 5 tables. Accepted to the 12th International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR 2024) (ver2: fixed some typos and improved some parts of the writing)

Published
2024

7. Investigation of the mechanism of the anomalous Hall effects in Cr2Te3/(BiSb)2(TeSe)3 heterostructure

Author

Cho, Seong Won, Lee, In Hak, Lee, Youngwoong, Kim, Sangheon, Khim, Yeong Gwang, Park, Seung-Young, Jo, Younghun, Choi, Junwoo, Han, Seungwu, Chang, Young Jun, and Lee, Suyoun

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The interplay between ferromagnetism and the non-trivial topology has unveiled intriguing phases in the transport of charges and spins. For example, it is consistently observed the so-called topological Hall effect (THE) featuring a hump structure in the curve of the Hall resistance (Rxy) vs. a magnetic field (H) of a heterostructure consisting of a ferromagnet (FM) and a topological insulator (TI). The origin of the hump structure is still controversial between the topological Hall effect model and the multi-component anomalous Hall effect (AHE) model. In this work, we have investigated a heterostructure consisting of BixSb2-xTeySe3-y (BSTS) and Cr2Te3 (CT), which are well-known TI and two-dimensional FM, respectively. By using the so-called minor-loop measurement, we have found that the hump structure observed in the CT/BSTS is more likely to originate from two AHE channels. Moreover, by analyzing the scaling behavior of each amplitude of two AHE with the longitudinal resistivities of CT and BSTS, we have found that one AHE is attributed to the extrinsic contribution of CT while the other is due to the intrinsic contribution of BSTS. It implies that the proximity-induced ferromagnetic layer inside BSTS serves as a source of the intrinsic AHE, resulting in the hump structure explained by the two AHE model.

Published
2023
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10. National prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Korean adolescents from 2009 to 2022

Author

Kattih, Mafaz, Lee, Hojae, Jo, Hyesu, Jeong, Jinyoung, Kim, Hyejun, Park, Jaeyu, Yang, Hwi, Nguyen, Ann, Kim, Hyeon Jin, Lee, Hyeri, Kim, Minji, Lee, Myeongcheol, Kwon, Rosie, Kim, Sunyoung, Koyanagi, Ai, Kim, Min Seo, Rahmati, Masoud, López Sánchez, Guillermo F., Dragioti, Elena, Kim, Ju Hee, Woo, Selin, Cho, Seong H., Smith, Lee, and Yon, Dong Keon

Published
2024
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14. Control of fibrosis with enhanced safety via asymmetric inhibition of prolyl‐tRNA synthetase 1

Author

Yoon, Ina, Kim, Sulhee, Cho, Minjae, You, Kyung Ah, Son, Jonghyeon, Lee, Caroline, Suh, Ji Hun, Bae, Da‐Jeong, Kim, Jong Min, Oh, Sinae, Park, Songhwa, Kim, Sanga, Cho, Seong Hyeok, Park, Seonha, Bang, Kyuhyeon, Seo, Minjeong, Kim, Jong Hyun, Lee, Bongyong, Park, Joon Seok, Hwang, Kwang Yeon, and Kim, Sunghoon

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biological Sciences, Genetics, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 5.1 Pharmaceuticals, collagen, drug development, fibrosis, prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1, Humans, Fibrosis, Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases, Proline, Protein Biosynthesis, Medical and Health Sciences, Biochemistry and cell biology
Abstract

Prolyl-tRNA synthetase 1 (PARS1) has attracted much interest in controlling pathologic accumulation of collagen containing high amounts of proline in fibrotic diseases. However, there are concerns about its catalytic inhibition for potential adverse effects on global protein synthesis. We developed a novel compound, DWN12088, whose safety was validated by clinical phase 1 studies, and therapeutic efficacy was shown in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis model. Structural and kinetic analyses revealed that DWN12088 binds to catalytic site of each protomer of PARS1 dimer in an asymmetric mode with different affinity, resulting in decreased responsiveness at higher doses, thereby expanding safety window. The mutations disrupting PARS1 homodimerization restored the sensitivity to DWN12088, validating negative communication between PARS1 promoters for the DWN12088 binding. Thus, this work suggests that DWN12088, an asymmetric catalytic inhibitor of PARS1 as a novel therapeutic agent against fibrosis with enhanced safety.

Published
2023

16. Q-rMinRank attack: The first quantum approach for key recovery attacks on Rainbow

Author

Cho, Seong-Min and Seo, Seung-Hyun

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract

Recent rank-based attacks have reduced the security of Rainbow below the security requirements set out by NIST by speeding up repeated kernel finding operations using classical mathematics techniques. If quantum algorithms are applied to perform these repeated operations, the rank-based attacks may be more threatening and could dramatically lower the security level of Rainbow. In this paper, we propose a novel MinRank attack called Q-rMinRank attack, the first quantum approach to the key recovery attacks on Rainbow. By designing quantum circuits that can find the kernel, we achieved quadratic speedup for the MinRank attack to recover the private keys of Rainbow. We show that even the parameter set V of Rainbow does not meet the 128-bit security level, the minimum security requirement through our Q-rMinRank attack. It means that Rainbow is no longer secure in quantum computing environments., Comment: The paper has been withdrawn because the research work is still in progress

Published
2022

17. Contributors

Author

Ban, Jonghyeon, primary, Brown, Matthew S., additional, Cheng, Huanyu, additional, Cho, Seong J., additional, Chowdhury, Rakhi, additional, Herbert, Robert, additional, Kang, Jeongbeom, additional, Kang, Seung-Kyun, additional, Kelly, Matthew, additional, Kim, Hee-Seok, additional, Kim, Hyeonseok, additional, Kim, Jong-Hoon, additional, Kim, Jungmin, additional, Kim, Min-gu, additional, Kim, Yun Soung, additional, Koh, Ahyeon, additional, Lee, Byeongjun, additional, Lee, Haran, additional, Lee, Jinwoo, additional, Lee, Ju-Yong, additional, Lee, Seung-Min, additional, Lee, Sung Hoon, additional, Lee, Yongkuk, additional, Lee, Young Tack, additional, Lim, Hyo-Ryoung, additional, Park, Chan, additional, Park, Sehyun, additional, Popoola, Mofoluwasade O., additional, Sohn, Jung Woo, additional, Song, Chiwon, additional, Suh, Junho, additional, Turabimana, Pacifique, additional, Yan, Emily, additional, Yeo, Woon Hong, additional, Yeon, Pyungwoo, additional, Yoon, Jongwon, additional, and Zhang, Wanqing, additional

Published
2024
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18. Material and structural approaches for human-machine interfaces

Author

Park, Chan, primary, Lee, Byeongjun, additional, Kim, Jungmin, additional, Lee, Haran, additional, Kang, Jeongbeom, additional, Yoon, Jongwon, additional, Song, Chiwon, additional, Ban, Jonghyeon, additional, Yeon, Pyungwoo, additional, Lee, Young Tack, additional, Kim, Min-gu, additional, and Cho, Seong J., additional

Published
2024
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27. Internal strain identification of seed-layered ZrO2, aluminum-, and yttrium-doped ZrO2 thin films via grazing incidence x-ray diffraction.

Author

Seo, Haengha, Park, Han Sol, Cho, Seong Tak, Shin, Jonghoon, Lim, Junil, Kim, Tae Kyun, Paik, Heewon, Song, Haewon, and Hwang, Cheol Seong

Subjects
GRAZING incidence, THIN films, X-ray diffraction, THERMAL strain, DOPING agents (Chemistry)
Abstract

Grazing incidence x-ray diffraction reveals that conventional post-deposition-annealed ZrO2 and in situ crystallized (by local epitaxy) ZrO2 thin films (<15 nm) have different internal strain states. A comparison between single- and two-step grown films enables the diverse strain components to be discretely identified. In particular, thickness-dependent intrinsic growth strain is unevenly distributed within the film according to the Volmer–Weber growth. Furthermore, extrinsic thermal strain, locally present in the annealed seed layer, does not spread over the in situ crystallized upper main layer of the two-step film. Post-deposition annealing of the two-step film renders the strain state identical to the single-step films by imposing thermal strain on the in situ crystallized main layer. Local strains created by diffused aluminum and yttrium dopants are also examined. Since each stress factor plays a vital role in the phase formation and electrical behaviors of ZrO2 and other fluorite-structure films, this method will pave the way for understanding the film's internal strain distribution and accompanying performance engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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32. Development and external validation of a logistic and a penalized logistic model using machine-learning techniques to predict suicide attempts: A multicenter prospective cohort study in Korea

Author

Yang, Jeong Hun, Chung, Yuree, Rhee, Sang Jin, Park, Kyungtaek, Kim, Min Ji, Lee, Hyunju, Song, Yoojin, Lee, Sang Yeol, Shim, Se-Hoon, Moon, Jung-Joon, Cho, Seong-Jin, Kim, Shin Gyeom, Kim, Min-Hyuk, Lee, Jinhee, Kang, Won Sub, Park, C. Hyung Keun, Won, Sungho, and Ahn, Yong Min

Published
2024
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38. Breastfeeding and impact on childhood hospital admissions: a nationwide birth cohort in South Korea

Author

Lee, Jeong-Seon, Shin, Jae Il, Kim, Sunyeup, Choi, Yong-Sung, Shin, Youn Ho, Hwang, Jimin, Shin, Jung U, Koyanagi, Ai, Jacob, Louis, Smith, Lee, Jeong, Han Eol, Noh, Yunha, Oh, In-Sun, Rhee, Sang Youl, Min, Chanyang, Cho, Seong Ho, Turner, Steve, Fond, Guillaume, Boyer, Laurent, Suh, Dong In, Acharya, Krishna Prasad, Shin, Ju-Young, Lee, Seung Won, and Yon, Dong Keon

Published
2023
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40. Heterologous vaccination utilizing viral vector and protein platforms confers complete protection against SFTSV

Author

Kim, Jae-Yong, Jeon, Kyeongseok, Hong, Jung Joo, Park, Sang-In, Cho, Hyeonggon, Park, Hyo-Jung, Kwak, Hye Won, Park, Hyeong-Jun, Bang, Yoo-Jin, Lee, Yu-Sun, Bae, Seo-Hyeon, Kim, So-Hee, Hwang, Kyung-Ah, Jung, Dae-Im, Cho, Seong Hoo, Seo, Sang Hwan, Kim, Green, Oh, Hanseul, Lee, Hwal-Yong, Kim, Ki Hyun, Lim, Hee-Young, Jeon, Pyeonghwa, Lee, Joo-Yeon, Chung, Junho, Lee, Sang-Myeong, Ko, Hae Li, Song, Manki, Cho, Nam-Hyuk, Lee, Young-suk, Hong, So-Hee, and Nam, Jae-Hwan

Published
2023
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44. Tailoring topological Hall effect in SrRuO3/SrTiO3 superlattices

Author

Cho, Seong Won, Jeong, Seung Gyo, Kwon, Hee Young, Song, Sehwan, Han, Seungwu, Han, Jung Hoon, Park, Sungkyun, Choi, Woo Seok, Lee, Suyoun, and Choi, Jun Woo

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Investigating the effects of the complex magnetic interactions on the formation of nontrivial magnetic phases enables a better understanding of magnetic materials. Moreover, an effective method to systematically control those interactions and phases could be extensively utilized in spintronic devices. SrRuO3 heterostructures function as a suitable material system to investigate the complex magnetic interactions and the resultant formation of topological magnetic phases, as the heterostructuring approach provides an accessible controllability to modulate the magnetic interactions. In this study, we have observed that the Hall effect of SrRuO3/SrTiO3 superlattices varies nonmonotonically with the repetition number (z). Using Monte Carlo simulations, we identify a possible origin of this experimental observation: the interplay between the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and dipole-dipole interaction, which have differing z-dependence, might result in a z-dependent modulation of topological magnetic phases. This approach provides not only a collective understanding of the magnetic interactions in artificial heterostructures but also a facile control over the skyrmion phases., Comment: 3 figures

Published
2021
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