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Since the 1990s, more or less structured remains of ships have frequently been unearthed in the riverine area of Lisbon, in the scope of urban requalification works. The first remains were identified during the Metro enlargement at Corpo Santo and in the tunnel of Cais do Sodre station. The most recent cases were recorded during the construction of EDP—Electricidade de Portugal’s new corporate headquarters; these ships were named Boa Vista 1 and Boa Vista 2. Besides the vessels, a number of ships’ timbers were also found. These timbers had been recycled in the construction of nautical structures or in waterfront revetments of the Tagus River and its tributaries, as in the cases of Praca D. Luis I, Av. D. Carlos I and Boqueirao do Duro. This paper will present an overview of these discoveries, focusing on several issues that need to be investigated, including the origin of the archaeological contexts (shipwreck, abandonment and recycling), their chronology and the relationship with the construction and operation of the Port of Lisbon during the Early Modern period. Some aspects related to shipbuilding will also be addressed.

Archaeological excavations conducted at the riverside area of Lisbon (Boqueirão do Duro, Santos) in 2016 revealed archaeological remains from the 18th to the 19th centuries, including the remains of a late 19th-century factory named Vulcano e Colares built on top of an ancient beach and later port.The waterfront archaeological contexts were wide-ranging. There were several timbers from a large ship dismantled on the beach, port structures that reused ship elements, and an assemblage of pre-shaped timbers. Among the dismantled elements were keels, keelsons, stems, floor timbers, futtocks, hull planks, wooden sheathing, and an uncommon find, three complete bilge pumps. Des fouilles archéologiques menées sur les rives du Tage à Lisbonne (Boqueirão do Duro, Santos) en 2016 ont révélé des vestiges archéologiques du xviiie au xixe siècles, y compris les vestiges d’une usine de la fin du xixe siècle nommée Vulcano e Colares, construite au sommet d’une ancienne plage qui deviendra plus tard un port.Les contextes archéologiques de la rive se révèlent très variés : plusieurs fragments de bois d’un grand navire démantelé sur la plage, des structures portuaires qui réutilisaient des éléments de navire et un assemblage de bois de charpente pré-équarri. Parmi les éléments démontés, on trouve des quilles, des carlingues, des étraves, des vaigres, des allonges, des fragments de bordé, des revêtements en bois et une découverte rare : trois pompes de cale complètes.

Ageing composes a major risk factor for disease, physical decline, and death. At a time when people are living longer than ever before, it becomes urgent that solutions are found to help prevent disease and alleviate their symptoms, other than simply postponing death. Changes in nuclear mechanics are known to accompany ageing at the cellular level, with consequences ranging from mild to severe phenotypes (classical and premature ageing). The Hutchinson- Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS) recapitulates some features of ageing in an accelerated manner, through the production of progerin, a mutated form of lamin A. Progerin abnormally associates to the inner nuclear membrane, where it accumulates, compromising nuclear integrity and stability. However, the lipidic component of this protein-lipid interaction has been mainly overlooked until now. This project aimed to study the lipid composition of the nuclear envelope through ageing. To that end, nuclei were isolated from primary fibroblasts of healthy young and aged individuals, and from HGPS patients. Nuclei isolation was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, histology, atomic force microscopy and confocal microscopy. Upon lipid extraction from the isolated nuclei, lipidomics analysis was performed using liquid and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and sphingomyelins were found to be the major components of the nuclear lipid extracts, with other classes being present in lesser amounts. It was also observed that ether-linked lipids are among the most significantly altered species between young and aged individuals, with phosphatidylcholine ethers being significantly decreased in the aged group. Ether-linked lipids are known endogenous antioxidants, protecting membranes from oxidative conditions. Our results suggest that ether-linked lipids are altered with age, with the nuclear membranes of elder individuals being potentially more vulnerable to distinct stimuli, such as oxidative stress. O envelhecimento constitui um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças, declínio físico e morte. Numa altura em que a população vive cada vez mais, torna-se urgente o desenvolvimento de novas formas de prevenir o aparecimento de doenças e aliviar os seus sintomas. Ao nível celular, o envelhecimento é acompanhado por alterações na mecânica nuclear, sendo que os sintomas podem ser de intensidade mais leve ou mais grave (envelhecimento fisiológico e prematuro, respectivamente). A Síndrome Progeróide de Hutchinson-Gilford (HGPS) replica de forma acelerada alguns aspetos do envelhecimento devido à produção de progerina, uma forma mutada da lamina A. Esta associa-se à membrana nuclear interna de forma anormal, onde se acumula, comprometendo a integridade e estabilidade do núcleo. Contudo, a componente lipídica desta interação lípido-proteína ainda não foi investigada. Assim, neste projeto estudou-se a variação da composição lipídica do invólucro nuclear que acompanha o envelhecimento. Para tal, foram isolados núcleos de fibroblastos primários de jovens e idosos saudáveis, e de crianças com HGPS. O isolamento dos núcleos foi confirmado por microscopia de transmissão eletrónica, histologia, microscopia de força atómica e de fluorescência. Os lípidos nucleares foram extraídos, separados e analisados por cromatografia líquida e gasosa acopladas a espetrometria de massa. As classes mais abundantes identificadas nos extratos foram as fosfatidilcolinas, fosfatidiletanolaminas e as esfingomielinas, tendo outras sido encontradas em menor abundância. Os resultados também mostram que lípidos com ligações éter estão entre as espécies mais variáveis entre jovens e idosos, estando os éteres de fosfatidilcolina significativamente diminuídos nos idosos. Alguns lípidos com ligações éter são antioxidantes endógenos, protegendo as membranas em ambientes oxidativos. Os resultados sugerem que os níveis destes lípidos alteram com a idade, tornando as membranas nucleares de idosos mais vulneráveis a diversos estímulos como o stress oxidativo.

Between 2018 and 2020, archaeological work took place in Cidade Velha, the former capital of Cape Verde, which flourished amid the 16th and 17th centuries as an Atlantic trading post for the slave trade and a support base for the ocean navigation. The excavations focused on two sites: a housing context in one of its main arteries, Rua da Banana, and the other on one of the oldest religious spaces in the archipelago, the church of Nossa Senhora do Rosário. These archaeological interventions made it possible to collect new data on the urbanism and habitat areas of the old city, when it was abandoned in the 18th century, as well as on the configuration of that religious structure. The investigation was linked to the educational program of the Museum of Archaeology, of Cape Verde.

Among the partners of the UNESCO Chair The Ocean’s Cultural Heritage are CHAM and IPC (Cape Verde) which defined as essential action the underwater archaeological site inventory of that archipelago. This action started in 2018 as part of the European project CONCHA, that aims to address the different ways that port cities developed around the Atlantic during the early modern era. CONCHA’s surveys were conducted on the island of Santiago, in Ribeira Grande anchorage, in São Francisco (17th century) and in Urânia shipwrecks (1809). The project included the underwater survey, a review of the documentation and of the archaeological materials, recovered from the sites, at the Museum of Archaeology in Praia. Dissemination and training activities were also carried out. This paper systematizes the results of these works.

Conference paper inclued in the book that contains the proceedings of the INternational CongRess on Engineering and Sustainability in the XXI cEntury – INCREaSE 2019, which was held in Faro, Portugal, from October 09 to 11, 2019. Pear peels are seen as potentially valuable for their low-cost beneficial components content such as polyphenols. These may reveal acrylamide (AA) mitigation effect and thus their application in a susceptible food matrix, such as bread, should be considered. Aiming to assess the AA reduction potential of Rocha pear peels in bread and the effects on its sensory quality, two types of bread highly consumed in Portugal - wheat (WB) and rye (RB) – were assayed with the extract of these by-products, in two forms aqueous [a] and dry [d]. Eight bread batches were produced (4 WB; 4 RB); each composed of one control sample and five replicates added with extract. The process included controlled fermentation, and cooking in a traditional oven (TO) and convection oven (CO). Hedonic evaluation was made to samples of each batch. Overall, slight differences were observed for WB and RB hedonic evaluation between the control sample and those with both extract forms. Lower scores were observed in both bread types baked in CO, with [d] comparing with the control; for bread with [a], oven influence varied; higher scores for WB in CO and for RB baked in TO, comparing with the control. Regarding AA reduction, the highest mitigation rate was accomplished by the [d] in WB cooked in a CO, 27.3%. However, for RB the best formulation was obtained with [d] in the TO, 19.2%. These results support the importance of selecting the best baking process according to the varieties of bread and AA reduction. The authors appreciate the financial support of MISAGE project LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-024172). This project has received financial support from the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

SFRH/BD/75233/2010 SFRH/BD/76416/2011 UID/HIS/04666/2013 Since the 1990s ship remains are being identified in Lisbon’s riverfront, in construction works related with urban renewal. The first ones were identified during the expansion of the subway in Corpo Santo and in the tunnel of Cais do Sodré station. The last ones were discovered and recorded during the construction of the new EDP Head Office and the ships called Boa Vista 1 and Boa Vista 2. Besides the ships several ship timbers reused in the construction of nautical structures or in revetments or waterfront structures as in the case of D. Luis I Square and D. Carlos I avenue were recovered. With this presentation we intent to make an assessment regarding these findings focusing on several issues including the origin of the archaeological contexts (wreck, abandonment, among others), their chronology and the relationship with the operation of the port of Lisbon in the early-modern period. Aspects related to the shipbuilding and the context of the several ships will also be focused. authorsversion published

UID/HIS/04666/2013 Desde a década de 1990 têm surgido frequentemente restos de navios mais ou menos estruturados na zona ribeirinha de Lisboa, no âmbito da realização de obras de requalificação urbana. Os primeiros foram identificados durante a expansão do metro no Corpo Santo e no túnel da estação do Cais do Sodré. Os últimos foram descobertos e registados no âmbito da construção da nova sede da EDP tendo os navios sido denominados Boa Vista 1 e Boa Vista 2. Para além dos navios foram encontradas várias madeiras de embarcações reaproveitadas na construção de estruturas náuticas ou em cofragens de contenção de aterros das margens do rio e ribeiras suas afluentes como são os casos da Praça D. Luís I e da Av. D. Carlos I. Neste artigo faz-se um balanço destas descobertas focando várias problemáticas que carecem de investigação entre as quais a origem dos contextos arqueológicos (naufrágio, abandono, etc.), a sua cronologia e a relação com o funcionamento do porto de Lisboa na época Moderna. Serão também focados aspectos relacionados com a construção naval e a contextualização dos vários navios. Since the 1990s ship remains are being identified in Lisbon’s riverfront, in construction works related with urban renewal. The first ones were identified during the expansion of the subway in Corpo Santo and in the tunnel of Cais do Sodré subway station. The last ones were discovered and recorded during the construction of the new EDP Head Office and the ships called Boa Vista 1 and Boa Vista 2. Besides the ships several ship timbers reused in the construction of nautical structures or in revetments or waterfront structures as in the case of D. Luis I Square and D. Carlos I avenue were recovered. With this paper we intent to make an assessment regarding these findings focusing on several issues including the origin of the archaeological contexts (wreck, abandonment, among others), their chronology and the relationship with the operation of the port of Lisbon in the earlymodern period. Aspects related to the shipbuilding and the context of the several ships will also be focused. publishersversion published

UID/HIS/04666/2013 SFRH/BD/75233/2010 SFRH/BD/76416/2011 Archaeological excavations carried out in the riverside area of Lisbon, revealed the remains of two ships: Boa Vista 1 and 2. The chronological sequence indicates that a 19th century embankment covered a wide anchorage, with archaeological remains ranging from Roman times until the 18th century. The two wooden ships were abandoned or lost in this anchorage, probably sometime between mid-17th and mid-18th centuries. Boa Vista 1 is a small vessel and features «architectural signatures» that are common in the Mediterranean area, but no clear parallels have been published to date. Boa Vista 2 is a larger vessel, and there are also no clear parallels. Both are therefore essential and unique sources to study post-medieval shipbuilding. Assuming the hypothesis that Boa Vista 1 and 2 were built on the Iberian Peninsula or on its colonial territories, they are an important starting point for the review of available sources on the subject. Los trabajos arqueológicos llevados a cabo en la zona ribereña de Lisboa, permitieron identificar los restos de dos barcos: Boa Vista 1 y 2. La secuencia cronológica indica que un terraplén del siglo xix cubría un extenso fondeadero. En este fondeadero (con uso documentado desde la época romana hasta el siglo xviii), las dos naves construidas en madera fueron abandonadas o perdidas, probablemente entre mediados del siglo xvii y mediados del xviii. El barco Boa Vista 1, más pequeño, presenta «firmas arquitectónicas» comunes en la zona del Mediterráneo, pero no existen paralelos claros publicados hasta la fecha. Boa Vista 2, más grande, tampoco encuentra paralelos claros. Ambos son, por tanto, una fuente esencial y única para el estudio de la construcción naval postmedieval. Asumiendo la hipótesis de que fueron construidos en la península ibérica o en su espacio colonial, este es un punto de partida importante para la revisión de las fuentes disponibles sobre el tema. publishersversion published

UID/HIS/04666/2013 This work, developed under the Master thesis project of the authoress, had as main objective the study of the ceramic assemblage found at the archaeological site of São Julião da Barra, located between Oeiras and Cascais (Lisbon, Portugal), at the mouth of the Tagus River (Fig. 1). This ceramics assemblage and other remains, among which stands out some pepper grains, has frequently been associated to the cargo brought aboard the Nossa Senhora dos Mártires Portuguese Indiaman, that sailed from Cochin, on January 1606, and sank near to the São Julião da Barra Fortress on 14 September 1606 (Castro, 2001). publishersversion published

SFRH/BD/75233/2010 SFRH/BD/76416/2011 UID/HIS/04666/2013 In June 2014 CHAM developed an assessment mission of a collection of ship timbers scattered over Belinho beach, during the winter storms that affected the northern Portuguese coast. These timbers are part of a possible shipwreck context, with several archaeological materials, among which stands out a collection of pewter and copper alloy plates and porringers. These materials were recovered by the Esposende City Council that sent the artefacts for conservation and restoration and maintains the timbers in water tanks. This first assessment considered an analysis of the most important timbers, which allowed some preliminary considerations about the type of construction and the ship's chronology. The mission was supported by the Esposende City Council. publishersversion published

UID/HIS/04666/2013 SFRH/BD/68443/2010 SFRH/BD/76416/2011 A investigação arqueológica tem demonstrado que as características da costa continental portuguesa, linear e muito exposta à ondulação, são desfavoráveis à conservação de contextos subaquáticos. Exceptuam-se as zonas estuarinas ou lagunares, que têm revelado nas últimas décadas importantes vestígios submersos, como o rio Arade, ou as áreas soterradas pelo desenvolvimento de zonas ribeirinhas, como é o caso do navio do Cais do Sodré, em Lisboa. Neste contexto, a Ria de Aveiro constitui um caso singular, quer pelo número, quer pela diversidade dos vestígios, protegidos durante séculos pelo assoreamento que deu origem a este sistema estuarino-lagunar de pouca profundidade. Entre os vestígios arqueológicos mais importantes, conta-se um contexto portuário num dos canais de acesso à cidade e três sítios de naufrágio do período medieval-moderno. authorsversion published

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UID/HIS/04666/2013 Em 1697, a fragata Santo António de Taná partiu de Goa para Mombaça, cercada há meses pelos omanitas, acabando por naufragar junto à fortaleza da cidade. Entre 1976 e 1980, o Institute of Nautical Archaeology (INA) e o National Museum of Kenya realizaram escavações nos destroços, identificando parte significativa do casco e mais de 7000 objectos relacionados com o funcionamento, a vida a bordo e a actividade comercial do navio. O CHAM associou-se ao projecto em 2012, visando a publicação integral dos vestígios. Neste artigo estudam-se os materiais em liga de estanho, de cobre e em madeira relacionados com a cozinha e a alimentação a bordo, testemunho do quotidiano das embarcações portuguesas da expansão além-mar, particularmente no antigo Estado da Índia. In 1697 the Santo António de Tana frigate departed from Goa to rescue the fortress of St. Jesus which was surrounded by Omani Arabs for several months, ending up to wreck near the fort. Between 1976 and 1980 a team of the Institute of Nautical Archaeology (INA) and the National Museum of Kenya led by Robin Piercy and Hamo Sassoon identified a significant portion of the hull of the ship as well as more than 7000 artefacts related to its operation and on board life commercial activity. In this article we aim to study the pewter, copper alloy and wood artefacts related to the kitchen and the food on board the ship and also feeding on Portuguese ships (15th-17th centuries). publishersversion published

UID/HIS/04666/2013 O presente artigo tem como objectivo analisar o tema do seminário “Meios, vias e trajectos: entrar e sair de Lisboa” sob o ponto de vista da arqueologia marítima. Esta perspectiva obriga a olhar para uma multiplicidade de aspectos que dizem respeito a várias áreas de investigação, desde as condições de navegabilidade do Tejo, a tipologia das embarcações utilizadas na navegação oceânica e fluvial, a defesa marítima ou os sistemas portuários. Importa ainda olhar para as evidências de contactos comerciais por via marítima, directas no caso de naufrágios, e indirectas no caso de materiais exógenos, que surgem em contextos urbanos. O estudo realizado permitiu reconhecer que, apesar das exigências da navegação reconhecidas à entrada do estuário do Tejo, o porto de Lisboa assumiu um importante papel na navegação transoceânica. De facto, alguns contextos de naufrágio documentam esta dimensão ultramarina, como por exemplo a articulação com o Mediterrâneo, o Atlântico ou a ligação à Rota do Cabo. Embora de forma indirecta, a identificação de materiais exógenos em contextos urbanos contribui igualmente para o reconhecimento desta dimensão global da navegação. Paralelamente foi possível reconhecer que os navios que aportavam a Lisboa tinham diversas tonelagens e apresentavam diferentes características, reflexo da adaptação a diferentes contextos de navegação. Refira-se ainda o contributo da arqueologia da frente ribeirinha, onde se reconheceram múltiplas soluções portuárias, desde os simples desembarcadouros na praia até à estruturação do espaço com recurso a cais e rampas. Este artigo corresponde a um primeiro ensaio de síntese sobre o tema, centrando a análise no contributo que o estudo de naufrágios e contextos ribeirinhos tem trazido nas últimas décadas à investigação da Época Moderna. This article analyses the theme of ‘Means, routes and paths: entering and leaving Lisbon’ from the point of view of the maritime archaeology, and including multiple areas of research, from the navigability conditions of the Tagus, to the typology of the vessels used in ocean and river navigation, maritime defense or port systems. We also consider the evidence of commercial contacts by sea, both direct in the case of shipwrecks, and indirect in the case of material culture found in urban excavations. This study concludes that, despite the navigational requirements recognized at the entrance of the Tagus estuary, the port of Lisbon had an important role in transoceanic navigation, as we can see through the study of wrecks. They document this overseas dimension and contacts with the Mediterranean, the Atlantic, or the role in the Cape route. Although indirectly, the identification of urban materials also contributes to the recognition of this global dimension of navigation, whereas ships arriving at Lisbon had different tonnages and features, reflecting the adaptation to different navigational contexts. Also vital is the contribution of the riverfront archaeology, where several port solutions range from simple landings on the beach to the building of wharfs and slipways. This work is a first synthesis on the subject, focusing on the contribution that the studies of shipwrecks and riverside contexts have brought in the last decades to the investigation of the Early Modern Period. publishersversion published

UID/HIS/04666/2013 SFRH/BD/68443/2010 SFRH/BD/76416/2011 The Ria de Aveiro lagoon influenced the human occupation of central Portugal; settlements were strongly related to maritime activities. The lagoon’s natural features contributed to a diverse underwater archaeological record, with nearly a dozen archaeological sites, and to the formation of a landscape featuring several elements related to maritime activities. Aiming at the cultural integration of these underwater sites, the authors attempt to approach the evolution of the lagoon between the 15th and the 19th centuries. Natural and cultural changes in the lagoon will be taken into consideration, as well as the economic aspects related to human settlement, the use of natural resources and the development of Aveiro port in the early modern period. La ría de Aveiro influyó en la ocupación humana del centro de Portugal, y dio como resultado la presencia de comunidades fuertemente relacionadas con las actividades marítimas. Sus características naturales originaron un registro arqueológico subacuático variado, que cuenta una docena casi de yacimientos, y forma un paisaje que comprende varios elementos relacionados con las actividades marítimas. Buscando la integración cultural de estos yacimientos subacuáticos, pretendemos acercarnos a la evolución de la laguna entre los siglos xv y xix, teniendo en cuenta los cambios naturales y culturales, y también los aspectos económicos relacionados con los asentamientos, la utilización de los recursos naturales y el desarrollo del puerto de Aveiro en la Edad Moderna. publishersversion published

UID/HIS/04666/2013 SFRH/BD/68443/2010 SFRH/BD/76416/2011 Catálogo da exposição temporária realizada no Palácio Marquês de Pombal (11 de Dezembro de 2015 a 31 de Janeiro de 2016). publishersversion published