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Este Relatório de Estágio tem como principal objetivo fazer uma reflexão sobre diferentes atividades a que assisti ou que conduzi, junto de crianças do Pré-Escolar e de alunos do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, ao longo do Estágio Profissional I, II, III e IV, no âmbito do Mestrado em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, realizado na Escola Superior de Educação João de Deus. Para além da Introdução, na qual apresento informações sobre os estágios realizados e faço considerações sobre os mesmos e sobre o processo de supervisão de que beneficiei – considerações que retomo e aprofundo nas Considerações Finais, da Bibliografia e dos Anexos, este Relatório está organizado em quatro capítulos: os relatos de estágio, as planificações, os dispositivos de avaliação e, por último, a apresentação de proposta de um projeto. O primeiro capítulo compreende dez relatos de atividades observadas durante o Estágio Profissional, sendo que três deles dizem respeito a atividades/ aulas conduzidas por mim e as restantes descrevem atividades dinamizadas pelas educadoras e professoras que me acompanharam ao longo deste percurso. Relativamente ao segundo capítulo, nele constam oito planificações, sendo que quatro delas foram realizadas no âmbito da Educação Pré-Escolar e as restantes quatro realizadas junto de turmas do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. O terceiro capítulo engloba os dispositivos de avaliação: dois deles aplicados em grupos da Educação Pré-Escolar e dois em turmas do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. O último capítulo deste Relatório consiste numa proposta

A fim de cumprir com o plano de estudos do 2º ano do mestrado em Exercício e Saúde, foi-me proporcionado um estágio que conjugava a área da performance desportiva e a área da investigação, desenvolvido no Ginásio Clube Português (GCP), em consonância com o GCP Lab, laboratório do GCP e com a direção de Treino Desportivo, responsáveis pelo projeto “Performance” e todas as modalidades. O meu contributo no GCP Lab focou-se na coletânea de dados e análise estatística para escrita de um manuscrito sobre os efeitos de 4 semanas de um programa de treino com o swing do kettlebell nas exigências fisiológicas em ginastas artísticos femininas (GAF) durante simulações de competição. A ginástica artística feminina evoluiu nos últimos anos, servindo a avaliação das exigências fisiológicas como fatores chave para averiguar a sua evolução. São ainda discutidos métodos de treino que possam melhorar a performance atlética das ginastas, sendo esta a base do manuscrito presente neste relatório. Por último, são discutidos diversos aspetos, como conclusões, reflexões e direções futuras sobre a monitorização do treino e trabalho extensivo laboratorial em atletas de élite, referindo aspetos positivos e menos positivos que tornaram o estágio uma experiência realmente enriquecedora. In order to finish my master’s in Exercise and Health, I had the opportunity to develop an internship with an emphasis in the performance and investigation areas at the Ginásio Clube Português (GCP), in line with GCP Lab, the GCP laboratory, and sports training direction, responsible for the “Performance” project which I was attached, and all the sports modalities. My contribution to the GCP Lab focused on data collection and statistical analysis to write a research manuscript about the effects of 4-week Kettlebell swing training on the physiological demands of young female artistic gymnastics (FAG) during a competitive simulation. Female artistic gymnastic evolution in the last years, and the underlying physiological demands are reviewed to identify key factors that “make” female elite gymnasts. Exercise-training methods are also discussed with an emphasis on what is required from a FAG athlete to improve athletic performance, this, in turn, led to the research question and manuscript here presented. Lastly, future research directions and reflections on the extensive laboratory training and exercise training monitoring of elite athletes are discussed with a focus both on positive and negative aspects that turned this internship into a truly enriching experience.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is increasingly being used to prevent febrile neutropenia associated with chemotherapy. Large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) has been recognized as a rare side effect of G-CSF treatment. We report a case of G-CSF associated LVV in a patient with breast cancer. While clear pathogenic mechanisms remain unknown, G-CSF may cause vasculitis due to inflammatory cytokines production. This adverse reaction should be recognized in patients with suggestive symptoms following the administration of pegfilgrastim. A 56-year-old woman with luminal B breast cancer who had undergone surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, initially with paclitaxel, was started on a doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide protocol, followed by supportive use of long-acting G-CSF pegfilgrastim. Following the administration of pegfilgrastim, the patient developed intermittent fever and was given empiric antibiotics in the outpatient setting with no improvement. There were no signs of cancer progression, and the contrast-enhanced CT scan highlighted wall thickening of the aortic arch and the proximal segment of the subclavian artery, which was not present in previous imaging studies. The patient was diagnosed with LVV, and a differential diagnosis was performed to rule out paraneoplastic setting, immune-mediated diseases, infection or other drug-induced vasculitis. Treatment with steroids was initiated and tapered with significant improvement and resolution of the radiological signs of aortitis.

This dissertation focuses on Generation Y’s attitudes and behaviours towards cruelty-free cosmetics. The main purpose of this study is to explore Generation Y’s attitude and behaviour towards cruelty-free cosmetics. The following are the research questions: (1) How do Generation Y consumers regard cruelty-free in terms of products?; (2) What attitudes Generation Y consumers do take before cruelty-free cosmetics?; and (3) What influences Gen Y consumers’ purchases of cruelty-free cosmetics? The methodology used to achieve the main purpose of this dissertation was a qualitative approach and the research methods selected were a focus group discussion with 8 participants and interviews with 12 participants. All participants are from Gen Y and frequently purchase cosmetic products. With this study was possible to understand Generation Y regards of cruelty-free cosmetics and what are the attitudes taken by this group of consumers before purchasing cruelty-free cosmetics. The findings in this study point to both barriers and motivations in Gen Y’s cruelty-free cosmetics purchases and identifies those barriers and motivations. This study can help cruelty-free cosmetic brands, cruelty-free organizations and social media pages dedicated to spreading information to create a marketing strategy surrounding cruelty-free cosmetics, targeted to Gen Y.

Beta patula Aiton is a crop wild relative (CWR) which belongs to the Gene Pool 1b and is considered a Critically Endangered species, and is present in very specific environments, such as the Desembarcadouro islet (DI) in Ponta de São Lourenço or Chão islet (CI) in the Desertas Islands. The ISOPlexis Center (University of Madeira) has been providing continuous support for its in situ conservation by keeping a management plan of wild populations and an ex situ conservation strategy through the storage of accessions in the ISOPlexis GeneBank. The present work intends to present the spatial distribution of genetic variability and diversity in these B. patula populations using eight polymorphic Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. The overall results lead to the identification of three spots with a high genetic diversity. CI with a small cluster of individuals shows a genetic footprint different from DI, having unique alleles present in its population. DI has two distinct areas: the western area, with a higher individual density but with a lower genetic diversity and higher allele fixation; and the central area, with a lower individual count but with a higher genetic diversity and with the presence of unique alleles. Despite some genetic differences, the comparison of the two islets’ DI and CI populations shows that they have more similarities than differences. Analysis of the Molecular Variance, based on the hierarchical cluster, showed a 9% diversity between populations, 68% among individuals, and 23% within individuals. This data will be used for the establishment of a protocol to monitor and manage B. patula genetic diversity under a genetic reserve, subsequently contributing to the European Genetic Reserve network implementation and the protection of this important CWR.

Este trabalho tem como escopo apresentar as noções básicas acerca das nuances que acarretam às práticas de bullying no ambiente escolar, demonstrando, em um caso específico, como um projeto sobre práticas de enfrentamento do bullying na Escola Estadual de Ensino Médio Joao Bento da Costa tem sido eficaz acerca do comportamento dos discentes em relação a essa conduta agressiva que vem mascarada na forma de “brincadeira”. Esse estudo tem ainda como preocupação precípua verificar se a escola, campo desta pesquisa, têm conhecimento do Bullying. Nesse sentido, temos como objetivo geral esclarecer o que é o bullying e orientar os alunos, professores e familiares a lidarem com o problema, agindo preventivamente contra, pois quanto mais cedo este problema cessar, melhor será para todos os discentes. A partir daí os objetivos específicos foram sensibilizar toda a comunidade escolar para apoiar os alunos alvos de bullying, fazendo com que se sintam seguros para falar sobre a violência que vinham sofrendo. Intervir imediatamente, tão logo seja a identificação da existência do bullying na escola devendo, portanto, as instituições de ensino manter-se em permanente estado de atenção. Criar referências para os alunos que precisam de apoio e proteção (agressores e vítimas) e para que denunciem as violências sofridas ou testemunhadas. Envolver funcionários, técnicos, professores, gestores, pais e alunos para tomarem ciência da existência do bullying e criar mecanismos que reduzam e previnam este tipo de prática comum nas escolas. Reduzir o bullying na escola. A metodologia teve como alvos principais os discentes, mas docentes, orientadores educacionais e coordenadores pedagógicos, diretores e outros funcionários também participam do projeto da escola. O corpus de dados ocorreu através de questionários com perguntas abertas e fechadas para discentes e docentes e através de revisão de literatura e pesquisa de campo. Foram utilizados artigos e livros sobre o bullying. Os resultados indicaram que os docentes utilizam algumas estratégias para combater o bullying, mas há a necessidade de implementação de um programa ou projeto que trabalhe com a finalidade de esclarecer esse fenômeno. Com base na observação e pesquisa na escola em questão, foram coletados os dados necessários à construção de concepções que concerne a real visão dos educadores desta escola em relação ao Bullying, e foi possível constatar o nível de entendimento sobre o bullying na escola, de maneira a apontar vantagens de um bom relacionamento entre as partes citadas dentro do processo de aprendizagem. Buscou-se subsídio em CURY (2006), SILVA (2006), FANTE (2005), NETO (2005) e outros. Contudo, foi possível verificar que os professores da escola Estadual de Ensino Médio Joao Bento da Costa demonstraram grande capacidade de tratar os casos de bullying, além de trabalharem com total sintonia com a equipe gestora, trabalhando todos para sensibilizar e conscientizar os educandos que venham a sofrer e efetivar o bullying.

The measurement of the refractive index of optical glass samples is a common and fundamental activity in numerous fields of expertise. Several measurement techniques exist with relative accuracies from 10 − 2 to, at least, 10 − 7 with complexities that are inversely related to the corresponding uncertainty. We describe an implementation of a technique based on the measurement of the lateral displacement variation of a collimated beam caused by the rotation of a parallel plate glass sample. The method was aimed to achieve an uncertainty in the range from 10 − 3 to 10 − 4 without increasing the complexity normally associated with techniques with this level of accuracy. The system was designed and optimized based on a detailed analysis of the uncertainty budget. We describe the implementation, the data processing, and the results obtained with calibrated samples, showing a relative uncertainty at the level of 10 − 4.

Gastric lipomas are rare, representing 2–3% of all benign tumours of the stomach. Most of these stomach neoplasms are small and detected incidentally during endoscopic or radiology evaluations. Computed tomography is highly specific imaging for lipoma diagnosis. Endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound are other important diagnostic modalities to confirm the diagnosis. Identifying typical features can avoid biopsy or surgery in asymptomatic patients. In patients with larger lesions, usually more than 2 cm, clinical presentation may encompass haemorrhage, abdominal pain, pyloric obstruction and dyspepsia. As a result of its extreme low incidence, treatment is not standardized, though it is widely accepted that a symptomatic tumour mandates resection. Here, we present the case of a 60-year-old female presenting with abdominal pain and recurrent vomiting due to a giant gastric lipoma (80 × 35 × 35 mm). The patient underwent laparotomy and an enucleation was performed.

MOONS will be the next Multi-Object Optical and Near-infrared Spectrograph for the Very Large Telescope, able to simultaneously observe 1000 targets, feeding a set of optical fibres which can be placed at user-specified locations on the Nasmyth focal plane using individual robotic positioners. The sub-fields thus selected are then driven by the fibres into two identical cryogenic spectrographs mounted on the Nasmyth platform of one of the ESO VLT 8 m telescopes. The instrument will provide both medium and high-resolution spectral coverage across the wavelength range of 0.65 μm to 1.8 μm. In this paper we will describe the two components that interface with the telescope: the MOONS Field Corrector (FC) and the Rotating Front End (RFE) Assemblies. The FC optics will correct the off-axis aberrations of the telescope, as well as determining the shape of the focal surface and the pupil location. The RFE assembly consists of a rotating part, which will be mounted on the VLT Nasmyth Rotator, and be connected to the two static Spectrographs via fibre assemblies, and all the sub-systems that give support to the fibre positioning, metrology and calibration units.

It is universally known and accepted that the development of a certain type of tissue outside its usual location, like in the gastrointestinal tract, can occur. This is a relatively common situation in the upper region of the gastrointestinal tract. However, the development of gastric mucosa in the gallbladder is a rare find. The following is the case of a 22-year-old male with an 18 mm gallbladder polyp, who electively underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, having been diagnosed at a histopathological level with heterotopic gastric mucosa in the gallbladder. This brief article also aims to provide a reflection on the possible evolution of neoplasms from this histological change, based on the doubts raised in literature.

Gastric schwannoma is an extremely rare mesenchymal tumour, representing only 0.2% of all gastric tumours. Obesity is an alarming worldwide disease whose only effective and sustained treatment seems to be surgical. We present a case of a 73-year-old female with epigastric pain and unspecific dyspeptic symptoms, whose diagnostic endoscopic procedures raised suspicion of a gastrointestinal stromal tumour. Given her good performance status, and since grade 2 obesity with high-risk comorbid conditions was present, she was considered a suitable candidate for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Both surgery and immediate postoperative period were uneventful. Histological and immunocytochemical analysis classified the tumour as benign gastric schwannoma. After 24 months, besides being disease-free, she presented an excess weight loss of 90.2%, with improvements in metabolic profile allowing withdrawal from chronic medication. The patient is healthier, satisfied and living an active life, showing that age by itself should not be a deterrent to bariatric surgery.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are the leading cause of drug-induced angioedema, being the face, tongue, lips and upper airway the most affected ones. We describe a case of a 32-year-old white female with angioedema of small intestine after 1 month of perindopril therapy. The patient presented severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Laboratory analyses revealed mild leukocytosis and abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed unspecific findings, including segmental jejunal wall thickening without obstruction and ascites. Regarding the clinical findings, similar to an acute abdomen with no clear cause, the patient underwent an emergency laparoscopy that excluded other pathological features. The symptoms recurred 1 month after and the CT scan revealed the same pattern. Perindopril was stopped and the patient improved, concluding that ACE inhibitor-induced visceral angioedema was responsible for this clinical presentation.

Primary breast lymphoma is a rare entity that accounts for only 1% of malignant breast neoplasms. It is characterized by the presence of a breast lump, with or without associated regional adenopathy and without systemic involvement. Imaging findings are nonspecific, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common histological type. Given its rarity, there is still no consensus on the best approach, with chemotherapy being the most accepted treatment. This article aims to present a literature review as well as to present a clinical case.

New luminescent materials have a wide range of applications in either chemistry, biology or electronics. The study of nontoxic and inexpensive luminescent materials is the key to a sustainable future. Luminescent solar concentrators are the example of a very promising application of luminescent materials and the optimization of the optical conversion efficiency of the glasses produced is essential for the development of the luminescent solar concentrators - for this it is necessary to determine the refractive index of the different glasses. There are many existing techniques for determining the refractive index - the current situation regarding systems that perform this type of measurements is that there are simple systems for low accuracy and complex systems for high accuracy of results, and the middle ground is often left unexplored. For the manufacture of luminescent solar concentrator glass, it is important to have access to a simple refractive index measurement system with an uncertainty of less than 1%. The system should be simple to implement, cost-effective and automated to allow a typical user to obtain the desired information on optically simple samples. Two independent techniques for measuring the refractive index are approached, one using the lateral displacement of a laser beam and the other the interferometric pattern obtained by an interferometer.

HELLP syndrome is a rare complication of pregnancy that may result in serious consequences such as hepatic rupture, one of the most feared and potentially life-threatening complications. This article aims to carry out a literature review on hepatic rupture in the context of HELLP syndrome as well as to present two clinical cases.

In this chapter, five common case presentations of everyday situations in the field of Breast Imaging are discussed.

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Background and aims: The role of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in the natural history of cirrhosis is controversial. There are few prospective studies validating risk factors for development of PVT. We analysed the incidence, factors associated with PVT development and its influence on cirrhosis decompensations and orthotopic liver transplant (OLT)-free survival. Methods: In this prospective observational study between January 2014 and March 2019, 445 consecutive patients with chronic liver disease were screened and finally 241 with cirrhosis included. Factors associated with PVT development and its influence on cirrhosis decompensations and OLT-free survival by time dependent covariate coding were analysed. Results: Majority of patients belonged to Child-Pugh class A 184 (76.3%) and the average MELD score was 10 ± 5. Previous cirrhosis decompensations occurred in 125 (52.1%), 63 (26.1%) were on NSBB and 59 (27.2%) had undergone banding for bleeding prophylaxis. Median follow-up was 29 (1-58) months. Cumulative incidence of PVT was 3.7% and 7.6% at 1 and 3 years. Previous decompensation of cirrhosis and low platelet counts but not NSBB independently predicted the development of PVT. During follow-up, 82/236 (34.7%) patients developed cirrhosis decompensations. OLT-free survival was 100% and 82.8% at 3 years, with and without PVT respectively. MELD score, but not PVT, independently predicted cirrhosis decompensations (HR 1.14; 95%CI:1.09-1.19) and OLT-free survival (HR 1.16;95%CI:1.11-1.21). Conclusion: Previous decompensations of cirrhosis and thrombocytopenia predict PVT development in cirrhosis suggesting a pathophysiologic role for severity of portal hypertension. PVT development did not independently predict cirrhosis decompensations or lower OLT-free survival.

The measurement of the refractive index of parallel plated, optically simple, glass samples is a common and fundamental activity in numerous fields of expertise. This work aimed to optimize a known technique to a simple, cost-effective and reliable system to be implemented in a lab environment, with an accuracy in the results better than 10-2. A setup with a 632.8nm HeNe laser, automatic stage and CMOS camera was used and data was acquired with the help of LabVIEW controlling software. All system components were carefully controlled and optimized with the help of an uncertainty budget. Measurements had an associated uncertainty in the range from 10-3 to 10-4.

The role of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in the natural history of cirrhosis is controversial. We analyzed the safety and effect of anticoagulant therapy (AT) on PVT recanalization and orthotopic liver transplant (OLT)-free survival. Eighty consecutive patients from a prospective registry of cirrhosis and non-tumoral PVT at a tertiary center were analyzed. AT effect on PVT recanalization and OLT-free survival was determined by time-dependent Cox regression analysis. Average MELD score was 15 ± 7. Portal hypertension-related complications at PVT diagnosis were present in 65 (81.3%) patients. Isolated portal vein trunk/branch thrombosis was present in 53 (66.3%) patients. AT was started in 37 patients. AT was stopped in 17 (45.9%) patients, in 4 (10.8%) due to bleeding events. No variceal bleeding occurred while on AT. Anticoagulation was restarted in 6/17 (35.2%) patients due to rethrombosis. In 67 patients with adequate follow-up imaging, AT significantly increased the rate of PVT recanalization compared with those who did not receive anticoagulation [51.4% (18/35) vs 6/32 (18.8%), p = 0.005]. OLT-free survival after a median follow-up of 25 (1–146) months was 32 (40%). Although there was no significant effect of AT on overall OLT-free survival, OLT-free survival was higher among patients with MELD ≥ 15 receiving AT compared to those who did not (p = 0.011). Baseline MELD at PVT detection independently predicted PVT recanalization (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.01–1.21, p = 0.027) and mortality/OLT (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.05–1.19, p

The authors report and discuss an exceedingly rare case of a unilocular macrocystic serous cystadenomas diagnosed in a 63-year-old female patient, which was preoperatively misdiagnosed as a mucinous cystic neoplasm, due to the atypical magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features shown at presentation and the misleading results obtained through cystic fluid analysis. This manuscript overviews the typical and atypical manifestations of this entity and highlights the advantages, potential limitations and pitfalls of both MR imaging and cystic fluid analysis.

Gorham-Stout syndrome is a rare disease characterized by progressive osteolysis leading to disappearance of the bone. Vascular proliferations have been implicated in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. The case of a 7-year-old girl with a prominent invasive lymphatic malformation on the lumbosacral area and massive osteolysis of the pelvic girdle is reported.

Cutaneous infections with the human papilloma virus, despite being almost always asymptomatic, can induce slow-growing lesions knowed as warts that can remain subclinical for long periods of time. There are several therapeutical options namely keratolytics, retinoids, imiquimod, cryotherapy, electrosurgery, lasers and classic surgery, but none has antiviral effects. We describe the case of a patient with large warts located on the dorsal surface of the right hand, treated with cryotherapy, CO2 laser and topical imiquimod having either no clinical response or quick relapse. Treatment with PDL was started and after 13 sessions, the patient was without lesions, with a good cosmetic result and so far without relapse. This case report is relevant to us and deserves to be published because of the size of the lesions and the great response to PDL despite all the failures with the other treatments.