Search

The aim. Improving the algorithm for diagnosing patients with postcholecystectomy syndrome (PCS), taking into account functional and organic changes in the major duodenal papilla (MDP). Materials and methods. 208 patients with PCS were examined. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (CE) was performed in 172 patients in history, open CE was performed in 36 patients. 47 patients had obstructive jaundice, 84 had signs of biliary hypertension without an increase in bilirubin, 77 had no signs of biliary hypertension and an increase in bilirubin. The following instrumental research methods were used: abdominal organs ultrasound examination (AO USE), duodenoscopy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), computed tomography (CT). In the main group, to study the morphofunctional changes in MDP, duodenoscopy with parietal impedancemetry, ultrasound of the hepatobiliary zone with a choleretic load were used. Results. In the main group, 34 patients underwent ultrasound of the hepatobiliary zone and Vater's nipple area with a choleretic breakfast according to Boyden according to the method of Grigoriev P.Ya. in our modification, 21 patients had an expansion of the choledochus by 2 mm. At the same time, taking meverin led to a decrease in the diameter of the choledochus, which indicated functional changes in the MDP. In 13 patients, the expansion of the choledochus, observed when taking a choleretic breakfast, persisted with the use of antispasmodics, which indicated the presence of an organic pathology of MDP. Duodenoscopy with impedancemetry was performed in 41 patients: 20 patients had 760–820 Ohm, which indicated the presence of functional changes, 12 patients had inflammatory changes in the MDP and 703–760 Ohm were detected, 9 patients with cicatricial fibrous changes had indicators impedance measurement 640–703 Ohm. The use of ultrasound with a choleretic breakfast and duodenoscopy with parietal impedancemetry in patients of the main group made it possible to identify functional and organic (inflammatory, fibrous) changes in the MDP, which made it possible to develop a therapeutic algorithm using both conservative therapy and the use of various options for transpapillary endoscopic interventions. Conclusions. Conducting an in-depth diagnosis of morpho-functional changes in MDP using parietal impedancemetry of MDP and ultrasound of the hepatobiliary zone with choleretic load allows us to identify both functional and morphological changes in MDP, which makes it possible to develop a therapeutic algorithm using drug therapy and transpapillary endoscopic techniques.

International audience; It remains controversial whether exposure to environmental radiofrequency signals (RF) impacts cell status or response to cellular stress such as apoptosis or autophagy. We used two label-free techniques, cellular impedancemetry and Digital Holographic Microscopy (DHM), to assess the overall cellular response during RF exposure alone, or during co-exposure to RF and chemical treatments known to induce either apoptosis or autophagy. Two human cell lines (SH-SY5Y and HCT116) and two cultures of primary rat cortex cells (astrocytes and co-culture of neurons and glial cells) were exposed to RF using an 1800 MHz carrier wave modulated with various environmental signals (GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications, 2G signal), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, 3G signal), LTE (Long-Term Evolution, 4G signal, and Wi-Fi) or unmodulated RF (continuous wave, CW). The specific absorption rates (S.A.R.) used were 1.5 and 6 W/kg during DHM experiments and ranged from 5 to 24 W/kg during the recording of cellular impedance. Cells were continuously exposed for three to five consecutive days while the temporal phenotypic signature of cells behavior was recorded at constant temperature. Statistical analysis of the results does not indicate that RF-EMF exposure impacted the global behavior of healthy, apoptotic, or autophagic cells, even at S.A.R. levels higher than the guidelines, provided that the temperature was kept constant.

Objective . Analysis imbalance aqueous body fluids on the prognosis of cardiovascular events in the late period after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and myocardial revascularization based on indicators of renal function. Materials and methods. The study included 120 patients with ACS, including unstable angina was diagnosed in 68 patients, 52 patients — acute myocardial infarction. All patients underwent myocardial revascularization. To register the presence of albuminuria in the range of 30-300 mg/l, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). It makes calculations indicators aqueous body fluids — the total volume of water (TVW), the total fluid, intracellular fluid (IF), extracellular fluid. The endpoint of the study was the presence of cardiovascular complications within 6 months after ACS. Results. It is found that the presence and magnitude of albuminuria was significantly increase the risk of the end point of the study. In patients with GFR less than 60 mL/min/1,73m2 studied the risk is higher by 17.1%, compared with patients with a GFR above this limit. Analysis of the distribution of the water body fluids showed a significant increase in the average TVW and IF. Through statistical analysis of survival found an increased risk of cardiovascular complications in the late period after ACS in patients who have an increase IF on the stage of development of coronary catastrophe. Conclusion. The study demonstrated the predictive value to stratify cardiovascular disease risk, not only the presence of albuminuria, but its level and value of GFR less than 60 mL/min/1,73m2. Redistribution of aqueous body fluids in the form of increased IF is a marker of adverse cardiovascular events in the late period after ACS. These data indicate the need for a comprehensive and integrated analysis of existing pathogenetic changes occurring in ACS, as well as the status of the patients premorbid factor for improving risk stratification of cardiovascular complications in the long term after a cardiovascular accident.

This thesis is part of the general application framework of single cell analysis. In order to improve the selectivity of single cell sorting, FEMTO-ST teams propose to control in closed loop the trajectories of the cells in real time during their journey in the chips dedicated to sorting. In this context, my thesis work focuses on an innovative method for real-time detection of cell position, directly integrated into chips and based on the physical principle of impedance measurement.When a cell passes through a microchannel, it changes the measurable impedance between electrodes placed on the edges of the channel.A generic method for formulating impedance variations as a function of particle position has been proposed (direct model). A method for estimating the position of a particle based on impedance measurements has also been proposed (inverse model). It uses an extended Kalman filter, allowing data from several pairs ofelectrodes to be merged, and exploiting available information such as measurement noise distribution and particle dynamic model. The validation of the method was carried out on an experimental bench that was developed during this thesis and on numerical simulations.This work shows the relevance of using impedance measurement to build a position sensor for particles immersed in a microchannel. This method is an alternative to the use of optical microscopes and has the advantage of being very compact.; Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre applicatif général de l'analyse de cellules uniques. Afin d’améliorer la sélectivité du tri de cellules uniques, les équipes de FEMTO-ST proposent de contrôler en boucle fermée les trajectoires des cellules entemps réel pendant leur trajet dans les puces dédiées au tri. Dans ce cadre, mes travaux de thèse portent sur une méthode novatrice de détection en temps-réel de la position des cellules, directement intégrée aux puces et basée sur le principephysique de la mesure d'impédance.Lors du passage d’une cellule dans un microcanal, celle-ci vient modifier l’impédance mesurable entre des électrodes placées sur les bords du canal.Une méthode générique permettant de formuler les variations d'impédance en fonction de la position de la particule été proposée (modèledirect).Une méthode d'estimation de la position d’une particule reposant sur les mesures d’impédance a également été proposée (modèle inverse). Celle-ci exploite un filtre de Kalman étendu, permettant la fusion de données en provenance de plusieurspaires d'électrodes, et exploitant les informations disponibles telles que la distribution du bruit de mesure et le modèle dynamique de la particule.La validation de la méthode a été effectuée sur un banc expérimental qui a été développé lors de cette thèse et sur des simulations numériques.Ces travaux montrent la pertinence d’exploiter l’impédancemétrie pour construire un capteur de position de particules immergées dans un microcanal. Cette méthode est une alternative à l’utilisation de microscopes optiques et présente l’avantage d’une grande compacité.

Дипломна робота налічує 50 сторінок, міститься 24 ілюстрацій, 16 таблиць. Загалом опрацьовано 34 джерела. Мета: Розробка апаратного комплексу для біоімпедансометрії на основі монополяру для діагностики шкіри на наявність пухлин. Моделювання біологічної тканини – ділянки шкіри при наявності і відсутності пухлин; вимірювання імпедансу у випадках зміни розміру пухлини і глибини залягання. Задачі: 1. Літературний огляд основний основних понять. 2. Аналіз та порівняння методів вимірювання імпедансу біологічних тканин. 3. Вибір структурної схеми апаратного комплексу для біоімпеднсометрії, підбір компонентів схеми. 4. Моделювання у якості біологічної тканини – шкіри при наявності і відсутності пухлин. 5. Дослідити залежність імпедансу пухлини, у випадку зміни її розміру і глибини залягання. Thesis contains 50 pages, 24 illustrations, 16 tables and 34 sources according to the list of references. Objective: Development of a device for bioimpedansometry on the basis of a monopolar for the diagnosis of skin for the presence of tumors. Modeling of biological tissue - areas of the skin in the presence and absence of tumors; measurements of impedance in cases of change in tumor size and depth of occurrence. Tasks: 1. Literary review of the main concepts. 2. Analysis and comparison of methods for measuring the impedance of biological tissues. 3. The choice of the structural scheme, of the hardware complex for bioimpedansometry, the selection of components of the scheme. 4. Modeling as a biological tissue - a skin in the presence and absence of tumors. 5. To investigate the dependence of the impedance of the tumor, in case of changes in its size and depth of occurrence.

International audience; INTRODUCTION: French Society of ENT (SFORL) good practice guidelines for audiometric examination in adults and children. METHODS: A multidisciplinary working group performed a review of the scientific literature. Guidelines were drawn up, reviewed by an independent reading group, and finalized in a consensus meeting. RESULTS: Audiometry should be performed in an acoustically controlled environment (\textless30dBA); audiometer calibration should be regularly checked; and patient-specific masking rules should be systematically applied. It should be ensured that masking is not overmasking. Adult pure-tone audiometry data should be interpreted taking account of clinical data, speech audiometry and impedancemetry. In case of discrepancies between clinical and pure-tone and speech audiometry data, objective auditory tests should be perform. In children aged 2 years or younger, subjective audiometry should be associated to behavioral audiometry adapted to the child's age. In suspected hearing impairment, behavioral audiometry should be systematically supplemented by objective hearing tests to determine and confirm the level and type of hearing impairment.

The biological and health effects of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) exposure have been very actively studied in the past two decades, mainly triggered by concerns about potential health effects of wireless communication systems. This physical agent is among the most common, fastest-growing environmental factors, triggering concerns in the population, as even a minor effect of EMF exposure on health could have a major public health impact. While the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMF) on the excitation of nerve and muscle cells have been well-characterized, the only well-described effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) on biological systems are caused by dielectric-relaxation heating. In contrast, “nonthermal” RF EMF effects refer to other potential biological effects that are not caused by temperature elevation of living tissue or cell culture medium. The investigation of such mechanisms has been hampered by the absence of robust, reliable and repeatable effects occurring as a consequence of low-level exposures, for which temperature elevation is minimal. Moreover, no plausible mechanistic hypotheses have been given concerning thermal or nonthermal effects of low-level RF EMF exposures, making difficult to draw conclusions on the basis of available experimental results. Nonetheless, in 2011, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified RF emitted by cell phones as “possibly carcinogenic to humans” (Class 2B). The characterization of nonthermal biological RF EMF effects is therefore of primary importance for setting safety limits since guidelines and standards have so far been set to protect from the known health risks associated only with the thermal effects of RF EMF exposures. The aim of this basic science thesis work is to characterize the effects of environmental RF EMF signals on living matter at the cellular and molecular level. In this work, we took advantage of modern and innovative methods to observe the behavior of living matter under RF EMF exposure in real time at various specific absorption rates (SAR). In particular, we have studied: (i) Specific RF EMF effects on the ionic channel TRPV1, a major thermoreceptor in our body. TRPV1 activation under RF EMF exposure was studied using the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) technique. The implementation of this technique called for the construction and characterization of BRET probes targeting TRP channels as well as the development of a device for the remote measurement of BRET spectra, using an optical fiber. The conclusion of this part of the thesis is that RFs are able to activate the TRPV1 channel by producing a dielectric heating but in the absence of temperature increase there is no RF effect on the basal activation state of TRPV1 and no change of capsaicin maximal efficacy to activate TRPV1. (ii) The analysis of the global behavior of cells in culture under RF exposure was carried out using a modified xCELLigence system where the array of electrodes of the measuring plates were also used to expose the cells to RF EMF. Using this device, we were able to perform SH-SY5Y cell exposures with a SAR of 24 W/kg without causing heating in the culture medium or in the cell culture. No effect of RF EMF on the behavior of the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y line could however be demonstrated, either in the absence or in the presence of a co-stimulation by a chemical agent. The conclusion of this study is that under conditions where the temperature remains stable, we have not been able to demonstrate any changes in the functioning of living cells, ether at the molecular level or at the cellular level. The tools developed in this thesis work offer important prospects both in the field of drug screening using spectral BRET, and pave the ways for future studies in bioelectromagnetics.; Durant les quinze dernières années, une attention particulière a été portée aux effets potentiels sur le vivant des champs radiofréquence (RF) des communications sans fil. Malgré l’intensité des efforts de recherche sur les effets biologiques et sanitaires potentiels des RF, nos connaissances en bioélectromagnétisme n’ont pu suivre l’évolution rapide des technologies.[…] La capacité des RF à provoquer un échauffement des tissus est parfaitement caractérisée. Des recommandations et des normes ont été définies afin de protéger les populations des risques associés, sachant qu’aucun échauffement n’est provoqué par l’exposition aux dispositifs de communications sans fil en raison des très faibles niveaux correspondant. Il est donc capital de savoir si l’on peut totalement exclure que des effets non-thermiques des RF de faible niveau existent au niveau moléculaire au sein de la matière vivante. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’évaluer en temps réel et sur cellules vivantes, les effets de l'exposition aux champs radiofréquences (CW, GSM-1800, UMTS, Wi-Fi, WiMax, LTE), soit au niveau moléculaire en ciblant l’activité du canal ionique TRPV1 qui est l’un des thermorécepteurs de notre organisme, soit au niveau cellulaire en étudiant le comportement général de cellules exposées aux RF à l’aide d’une technique dite « sans marquage », l’impédancemétrie. Le suivi de l’activité du canal TRPV1 sous exposition RF a été réalisé à l’aide de la technique du transfert d’énergie en résonance de bioluminescence (BRET), une technique spectroscopique qui permet l’analyse des interactions protéines-protéines ou des changements de conformation des protéines en temps réel et sur cellules vivantes. La mise en place de cette technique a demandé la construction et la caractérisation de sondes BRET ciblant les canaux TRP ainsi que la mise au point d’un dispositif de mesure déporté des spectres de BRET à l’aide d’une fibre optique, afin de pouvoir exposer les échantillons aux champs RF. La conclusion de ce volet de la thèse est que les RF sont capables d’activer le canal TRPV1 en produisant un échauffement diélectrique, mais qu’en absence d’augmentation de la température il n’y a aucun effet des RF sur le niveau d’activité basal du canal TRPV1 ou sur l’efficacité de la Capsaïcine, un agoniste, à activer TRPV1. L’analyse du comportement global de cellules en culture sous exposition RF a été réalisée à l’aide d’un système xCELLigence modifié afin de pouvoir à la fois suivre le comportement cellulaire par impédancemétrie tout en utilisant le réseau d’électrodes des plaques de mesure pour exposer les cellules mises en culture aux RF. À l’aide de ce dispositif, nous avons pu réaliser des expositions de cellules SH-SY5Y avec un DAS de 24 W/Kg sans provoquer d’échauffement dans le milieu de culture ou dans les cellules. Aucun effet des RF sur le comportement de la lignée de neuroblastome SH-SY5Y n’a cependant pu être mis en évidence, que ce soit en absence ou en présence d’une co-stimulation par un agent chimique. La conclusion de cette étude est que dans des conditions où la température reste stable, nous n’avons pas pu mettre en évidence de modification du fonctionnement du vivant que ce soit au niveau moléculaire ou au niveau cellulaire. Les outils développés dans ce travail de thèse ouvrent, de plus, d’importantes perspectives tant dans le domaine du criblage de médicaments candidats à l’aide du BRET spectral, que pour de futures études en bioélectromagnétisme.

Esophageal dysmotility is almost universal after esophageal atresia repair and is mainly related to the developmental anomaly of the esophagus. Esophageal dysmotility is involved in the pathophysiology of numerous symptoms and co-morbidities associated with esophageal atresia such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, aspiration and respiratory complications and symptoms of dysphagia and feeding disorders. High resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) has facilitated the characterization of the dysmotility but there is an incomplete correlation between symptoms and manometrical patterns. Impedance coupled to HREM should help to predict the clinical outcome and therefore personalize patient management. Nowadays, the management of esophageal dysmotility in patients with esophageal atresia is essentially based on treatment of associated inflammation related to peptic or eosinophilic esophagitis.

The biological and health effects of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) exposure have been very actively studied in the past two decades, mainly triggered by concerns about potential health effects of wireless communication systems. This physical agent is among the most common, fastest-growing environmental factors, triggering concerns in the population, as even a minor effect of EMF exposure on health could have a major public health impact. While the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMF) on the excitation of nerve and muscle cells have been well-characterized, the only well-described effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF EMF) on biological systems are caused by dielectric-relaxation heating. In contrast, “nonthermal” RF EMF effects refer to other potential biological effects that are not caused by temperature elevation of living tissue or cell culture medium. The investigation of such mechanisms has been hampered by the absence of robust, reliable and repeatable effects occurring as a consequence of low-level exposures, for which temperature elevation is minimal. Moreover, no plausible mechanistic hypotheses have been given concerning thermal or nonthermal effects of low-level RF EMF exposures, making difficult to draw conclusions on the basis of available experimental results. Nonetheless, in 2011, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified RF emitted by cell phones as “possibly carcinogenic to humans” (Class 2B). The characterization of nonthermal biological RF EMF effects is therefore of primary importance for setting safety limits since guidelines and standards have so far been set to protect from the known health risks associated only with the thermal effects of RF EMF exposures. The aim of this basic science thesis work is to characterize the effects of environmental RF EMF signals on living matter at the cellular and molecular level. In this work, we took advantage of modern and innovative methods to observe the behavior of living matter under RF EMF exposure in real time at various specific absorption rates (SAR). In particular, we have studied: (i) Specific RF EMF effects on the ionic channel TRPV1, a major thermoreceptor in our body. TRPV1 activation under RF EMF exposure was studied using the bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) technique. The implementation of this technique called for the construction and characterization of BRET probes targeting TRP channels as well as the development of a device for the remote measurement of BRET spectra, using an optical fiber. The conclusion of this part of the thesis is that RFs are able to activate the TRPV1 channel by producing a dielectric heating but in the absence of temperature increase there is no RF effect on the basal activation state of TRPV1 and no change of capsaicin maximal efficacy to activate TRPV1. (ii) The analysis of the global behavior of cells in culture under RF exposure was carried out using a modified xCELLigence system where the array of electrodes of the measuring plates were also used to expose the cells to RF EMF. Using this device, we were able to perform SH-SY5Y cell exposures with a SAR of 24 W/kg without causing heating in the culture medium or in the cell culture. No effect of RF EMF on the behavior of the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y line could however be demonstrated, either in the absence or in the presence of a co-stimulation by a chemical agent. The conclusion of this study is that under conditions where the temperature remains stable, we have not been able to demonstrate any changes in the functioning of living cells, ether at the molecular level or at the cellular level. The tools developed in this thesis work offer important prospects both in the field of drug screening using spectral BRET, and pave the ways for future studies in bioelectromagnetics., Durant les quinze dernières années, une attention particulière a été portée aux effets potentiels sur le vivant des champs radiofréquence (RF) des communications sans fil. Malgré l’intensité des efforts de recherche sur les effets biologiques et sanitaires potentiels des RF, nos connaissances en bioélectromagnétisme n’ont pu suivre l’évolution rapide des technologies.[…] La capacité des RF à provoquer un échauffement des tissus est parfaitement caractérisée. Des recommandations et des normes ont été définies afin de protéger les populations des risques associés, sachant qu’aucun échauffement n’est provoqué par l’exposition aux dispositifs de communications sans fil en raison des très faibles niveaux correspondant. Il est donc capital de savoir si l’on peut totalement exclure que des effets non-thermiques des RF de faible niveau existent au niveau moléculaire au sein de la matière vivante. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’évaluer en temps réel et sur cellules vivantes, les effets de l'exposition aux champs radiofréquences (CW, GSM-1800, UMTS, Wi-Fi, WiMax, LTE), soit au niveau moléculaire en ciblant l’activité du canal ionique TRPV1 qui est l’un des thermorécepteurs de notre organisme, soit au niveau cellulaire en étudiant le comportement général de cellules exposées aux RF à l’aide d’une technique dite « sans marquage », l’impédancemétrie. Le suivi de l’activité du canal TRPV1 sous exposition RF a été réalisé à l’aide de la technique du transfert d’énergie en résonance de bioluminescence (BRET), une technique spectroscopique qui permet l’analyse des interactions protéines-protéines ou des changements de conformation des protéines en temps réel et sur cellules vivantes. La mise en place de cette technique a demandé la construction et la caractérisation de sondes BRET ciblant les canaux TRP ainsi que la mise au point d’un dispositif de mesure déporté des spectres de BRET à l’aide d’une fibre optique, afin de pouvoir exposer les échantillons aux champs RF. La conclusion de ce volet de la thèse est que les RF sont capables d’activer le canal TRPV1 en produisant un échauffement diélectrique, mais qu’en absence d’augmentation de la température il n’y a aucun effet des RF sur le niveau d’activité basal du canal TRPV1 ou sur l’efficacité de la Capsaïcine, un agoniste, à activer TRPV1. L’analyse du comportement global de cellules en culture sous exposition RF a été réalisée à l’aide d’un système xCELLigence modifié afin de pouvoir à la fois suivre le comportement cellulaire par impédancemétrie tout en utilisant le réseau d’électrodes des plaques de mesure pour exposer les cellules mises en culture aux RF. À l’aide de ce dispositif, nous avons pu réaliser des expositions de cellules SH-SY5Y avec un DAS de 24 W/Kg sans provoquer d’échauffement dans le milieu de culture ou dans les cellules. Aucun effet des RF sur le comportement de la lignée de neuroblastome SH-SY5Y n’a cependant pu être mis en évidence, que ce soit en absence ou en présence d’une co-stimulation par un agent chimique. La conclusion de cette étude est que dans des conditions où la température reste stable, nous n’avons pas pu mettre en évidence de modification du fonctionnement du vivant que ce soit au niveau moléculaire ou au niveau cellulaire. Les outils développés dans ce travail de thèse ouvrent, de plus, d’importantes perspectives tant dans le domaine du criblage de médicaments candidats à l’aide du BRET spectral, que pour de futures études en bioélectromagnétisme.

Innovative biomedical technology has been developed and the bioimpedance device «Osteotest» designed for non-invasive diagnostics of human bone tissue according to its polarization properties was created. The analysis of the capabilities of modern biophysical methods of testing biological tissues was conducted. Optimal design and technological and schematic solution of the problem of bone bioimpedancemery was found. The valid model sample of a three-frequency bioimpedance device for non-invasive diagnostics of human bone tissue «Osteotest» was designed and developed.

Изложены методы получения ингибиторов сероводородной коррозии «СНМА-nR-x» для защиты от коррозии нефтегазопромышленного оборудования., Викладено методи отримання інгібіторів сірководневої корозії «СНМА-nR-x» для захисту від корозії нафтогазопромислового обладнання., The methods of obtaining hydrogen sulfide corrosion inhibitors «SNMA-nR-x» for corrosion protection neftegazopromyshlennogo equipment.

The methods of obtaining hydrogen sulfide corrosion inhibitors «SNMA-nR-x» for corrosion protection neftegazopromyshlennogo equipment., Изложены методы получения ингибиторов сероводородной коррозии «СНМА-nR-x» для защиты от коррозии нефтегазопромышленного оборудования., Викладено методи отримання інгібіторів сірководневої корозії «СНМА-nR-x» для захисту від корозії нафтогазопромислового обладнання.

For the first time in the rhinological practice the methods of evaluation of the functional state of tissues of nasal cavity that were based on registration of their electrical features-electrical resistance (impedance) and potencial were worked out. In the comparative aspect there were researched the active and the passive electrical features of the tissues of nasal cavity which healthy people and those whose disease is acute sinusitis, have. For the first time the dynamic of electrical features was studied and the most informative electrical rates for the initial diagnostic of acute sinusitis and for evaluation of the effectiveness of appointed treatment were revealed. As a result of researches a new way of noninvasive diagnostic of inflammatory diseases of paranasal sinus was worked out, approved and inserted in practice. (Patent № 2157094, 10.10.2000 «The way of diagnostic of inflammatory diseases of paranasal sinus»). The suggested way is simple, reliable; it has high credibility value of revealing the pathologies of paranasal sinus and evaluation of its dynamic. This method may be recommended for the wide usage in hospitals and clinics for diagnostic of acute sinusitis and evaluation of effectiveness of treatment.

The new way of control of norm of system of a middle ear of the person and computer ear echoscopy for its realization is offered. Measurement of coefficient of reflection of a sound impulse is the basis for a way from an eardrum as frequency function, and its transformation to dimensionless parameter - a norm factor. Ear echoscopy, unlike existing acoustic measuring instruments of an impedance, gives the chance to estimate a condition of acoustical system not only qualitatively, but also quantitatively.References 9, figures 3., Предложен новый способ контроля нормы системы среднего уха человека и компьютерный ушной эхоскоп для его реализации. В основу способа положено измерение коэффициента отражения звукового импульса от барабанной перепонки как функции частоты, и преобразовании его в безразмерный параметр - фактор нормы. Ушной эхоскоп, в отличие от существующих акустических импедансометров, дает возможность оценивать состояние слуховой системы не только качественно, но и количественно.Библ. 9, рис. 3., Запропоновано новий спосіб контролю норми системи середнього вуха людини і комп’ютерний вушний ехоскоп для його реалізації. В основу способу покладено вимірювання коефіцієнта відбивання звукового імпульсу від барабанної перетинки як функції частоти, і перетворюванні його в безрозмірний параметр - фактор норми. Вушний эхоскоп, на відміну від існуючих акустичних імпедансометрів, дає змогу оцінювати стан слухової системи не тільки якісно, але і кількісно.Бібл. 9, рис. 3.

Запропоновано новий спосіб контролю норми системи середнього вуха людини і комп’ютерний вушний ехоскоп для його реалізації. В основу способу покладено вимірювання коефіцієнта відбивання звукового імпульсу від барабанної перетинки як функції частоти, і перетворюванні його в безрозмірний параметр – фактор норми. Вушний ехоскоп, на відміну від існуючих акустичних імпедансометрів, дає змогу оцінювати стан слухової системи не тільки якісно, але і кількісно. The new way of control of norm of system of a middle ear of the person and computer ear echoscopy for its realization is offered. Measurement of coefficient of reflection of a sound impulse is the basis for a way from an eardrum as frequency function, and its transformation to dimensionless parameter – a norm factor. Ear echoscopy, unlike existing acoustic measuring instruments of an impedance, gives the chance to estimate a condition of acoustical system not only qualitatively, but also quantitatively. Предложен новый способ контроля нормы системы среднего уха человека и компьютерный ушной эхоскоп для его реализации. В основу способа положено измерение коэффициента отражения звукового импульса от барабанной перепонки как функции частоты, и преобразовании его в безразмерный параметр – фактор нормы. Ушной эхоскоп, в отличие от существующих акустических импедансометров, дает возможность оценивать состояние слуховой системы не только качественно, но и количественно.

International audience; Although nanodiamonds (NDs) appear as one of the most promising nanocarbon materials available so far for biomedical applications, their risk for human health remains unknown. Our work was aimed at defining the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of two sets of commercial carboxylated NDs with diameters below 20 and 100 nm, on six human cell lines chosen as representative of potential target organs: HepG2 and Hep3B (liver), Caki-1 and Hek-293 (kidney), HT29 (intestine) and A549 (lung). Cytotoxicity of NDs was assessed by measuring cell impedance (xCELLigence® system) and cell survival/death by flow cytometry while genotoxicity was assessed by γ-H2Ax foci detection, which is considered the most sensitive technique for studying DNA double-strand breaks. To validate and check the sensitivity of the techniques, aminated polystyrene nanobeads were used as positive control in all assays. Cell incorporation of NDs was also studied by flow cytometry and luminescent N–V center photoluminescence (confirmed by Raman microscopy), to ensure that nanoparticles entered the cells. Overall, we show that NDs effectively entered the cells but NDs do not induce any significant cytotoxic or genotoxic effects on the six cell lines up to an exposure dose of 250 µg/mL. Taken together these results strongly support the huge potential of NDs for human nanomedicine but also their potential as negative control in nanotoxicology studies.

This work focuses on the study of voice production. The main objective is to propose solutions for its analysis-synthesis which enable a wide representation of the diversity of biometric signals (observed in practice) within the framework of source-filtre paradigm or simplified physical models. The study is conducted according to three axes: exploration of laryngeal activity, modelisation of the phonation and sound analysis-synthesis. After a description of the vocal apparatus and current analysis-synthesis models, the first part focuses on the exploration of biometric signals. From an inventory of current devices, we propose a synchronisation tool which reveals the complexity ot the 3D motion of vocal folds. A comparative study with a similar human-valve-based sound production system (lips of a tombonist) is conducted and the development of a new tool combining two recent electrical imaging techniques is proposed. In the second part, two new analysis algorithms are proposed for a source-filter model based on a causal-anticausal all-pole representation of speech signals. A computation method of the complex cepstrum is proposed, which ensures the holomorphy on a convergence domain in the Z plane. This tool is then used for the separation of the source and the filter. Finally, parametric representations of glottal area waveforms are used to drive models controlled by the geometry. A synthesis model, based on the source-filter model but including the effect of the coupling between the glottis and the vocal tract, and advances in the modeling of the vocal tract with regular profile are presented., Ce travail porte sur l'étude de la production de la voix. L'objectif principal est de proposer des solutions pour son analyse-synthèse qui permettent une large représentation de la diversité des signaux biométriques (observés en pratique) dans le cadre du paradigme source-filtre ou de modèles physiques simplifiés. L'étude est menée selon trois axes : l'exploration de l'activité laryngée, la modélisation de la phonation et l'analyse-synthèse sonore. Après une description de l'appareil phonatoire et de modèles d'analyse-synthèse actuels, la première partie s'intéresse à l'exploration de signaux biométriques. A partir du recensement des dispositifs actuels, nous proposons un outil de synchronisation qui révèle la complexité du mouvement 3D des plis vocaux. Une étude comparative avec un système acoustique à valve humaine similaire (lèvres d'un tromboniste) est menée et le développement d'un nouvel outil combinant deux techniques récentes d'imagerie électrique est proposé. Dans la deuxième partie, deux algorithmes d'analyse sont proposés pour un modèle source-filtre fondé sur une représentation tous-pôles causale-anticausale du signal vocal. Un calcul du cepstre complexe est proposé, garantissant l'holomorphie sur une couronne de convergence dans le domaine en Z. Cet outil est alors exploité pour la séparation de la source et du filtre. Enfin, des représentations paramétriques des signaux d'aire glottique sont exploitées pour piloter des modèles à géométrie forcée. Un modèle de synthèse, inspiré du modèle source-filtre mais intégrant l'effet du couplage entre la glotte et le conduit vocal, et des avancées sur la modélisation de conduit vocal à profil régulier sont présentées.

There were examined 70 women divided into two groups depending on presence or absence of pregnancy. In the study group examination has been carried out on admission of women to maternity hospital before delivery in the period 38–41 weeks of pregnancy. Depending on the composition of the electrolyte solution used for infusion, patients in group 2 were divided into two subgroups. Subgroup A included 20 pregnant women who received infusions of 0.9% sodium chloride solution — 700–750 ml during delivery. Subgroup B consisted of 20 pregnant women who received normal saline of sterofundin — 700–750 ml during delivery. Infusion injectates served mainly as medium for intravenous drip of uterotonic drugs. The study of water areas and sectors of the body was carried out by integral dual-frequency impedance method.Application of normal saline of sterofundin leads to normalization in the volume of interstitial fluid, plasma, and red blood cells, while the volume of intracellular fluid decreases by 1.2 liter or 1/3 of the gain during pregnancy by the 3rd day after delivery. Fast normalization of water areas in the postpartum period under the influence of sterofundin solution allows us to recommend exclusion of unbalanced 0.9 % sodium chloride solution from infusion therapy programs in obstetric practice., Обследовано 70 женщин, разделенных в зависимости от наличия или отсутствия беременности на две группы. В основной группе обследование проводили при поступлении женщины в родильный дом для родоразрешения в сроке 38–41 неделя беременности. В зависимости от состава электролитного раствора, применяемого для инфузии, пациентки 2-й группы были разделены на 2 подгруппы. В подгруппу А были включены 20 рожениц, получавших в качестве инфузии 0,9% раствор натрия хлорида — 700–750 мл во время родов. Подгруппу Б составили 20 рожениц, получавших изотонический раствор стерофундина — 700–750 мл во время родов. Вводимые инфузионные растворы служили в основном средой для внутривенного капельного введения утеротонических препаратов. Исследование водных пространств и секторов организма проводили интегральным двухчастотным импедансным методом.Применение изотонического раствора стерофундина приводит к нормализации объема интерстициальной жидкости, плазмы и эритроцитов при уменьшении объема внутриклеточной жидкости на 1,2 литра или на 1/3 от прироста во время беременности уже к 3-м суткам после родов. Ускоренная нормализация водных пространств в послеродовом периоде под влиянием раствора стерофундина позволяет рекомендовать исключение из программ инфузионной терапии в акушерской практике несбалансированного 0,9% раствора натрия хлорида., Обстежено 70 жінок, розподілених залежно від наявності або відсутності вагітності на дві групи. В основній групі обстеження проводили при надходженні жінки в пологовий будинок для розродження в терміні 38–41 тижнів вагітності. Залежно від складу електролітного розчину, застосовуваного для інфузії, пацієнтки 2-ї групи були розподілені на 2 підгрупи. У підгрупу А були включені 20 роділь, які отримували як інфузію 0,9% розчин натрію хлориду — 700–750 мл під час пологів. Підгрупу Б становили 20 роділь, які отримували ізотонічний розчин стерофундину — 700–750 мл під час пологів. Уведені інфузійні розчини служили в основному середовищем для внутрішньовенного краплинного введення утеротонічних препаратів. Дослідження водних просторів і секторів організму проводили інтегральним двочастотним імпедансним методом.Застосування ізотонічного розчину стерофундину приводить до нормалізації об’єму інтерстиціальної рідини, плазми й еритроцитів при зменшенні обсягу внутрішньоклітинної рідини на 1,2 літра або на 1/3 від приросту під час вагітності вже до 3-ї доби після пологів. Прискорена нормалізація водних просторів у післяпологовому періоді під впливом розчину стерофундину дозволяє рекомендувати виключення з програм інфузійної терапії в акушерській практиці незбалансованого 0,9% розчину натрію хлориду.

Izgovor glasova je značajan za pravilno razumevanje lingvističke poru- ke. Uzroci nepravilnog izgovora mogu biti različiti, a posledice su manja ili veća razumljivost govorne poruke. Stepen pravilnosti upotrebe izgo- vornih glasova direktno je proporcionalan nivou kvaliteta verbalne ko- munikacije jer se preko njih prenose i svi ostali elementi koji doprinose pravilnom govornom izrazu. Pravilnost izgovornog glasa zavisi od pravil- nosti percepcije foneme i stepena razvijenosti artikulacionog i fona- cionog mehanizma (Kostić, Vladisavljević, 1995). Diskretni i minimalni poremećaji auditivne percepcije u ranom uzrastu dovode do poremećaja iz- govora, pa je metodologija koja se primenjuje u tretmanu i korekciji izgo- vora od velikog značaja kako za dužinu tako i za efekte tretmana posebno sa aspekta razvoja sposobnosti koje kasnije mogu imati uticaj na usvajanje školskih veština. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se ispita auditivna percepcija kod dece sa poremećajem izgovora. Uzorak ispitanika je činilo 22 dece uzrasta 5-8 godina sa poremećajem izgovora i 20 dece sa tipičnim govorno jezičkim i slušnim razvojem, istog uzrasta. U istraživanju su korišćeni rezultati dobijeni primenom: impedan- cmetrije, tonalne audiometrije, TEOAE, DPOAE i govorne audiometrije.Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da deca sa poremećajima izgovora na svim primenjenim metodološkim procedurama pokazuju lošije rezultate u odnosu na decu sa tipičnim govorno jezičkim i slušnim razvojem, ali dobi- jene razlike nisu statistički značajne. Adequate articulation of phonemes is important for a proper understanding of the linguistic message. Causes of irregular articulation may be different, and the result is more or less misunderstanding of speech message. The degree of regularity of adequate articulation of phonemes is directly proportional to the level of verbal communication quality. All other elements that contribute to the correct colloquialism are also transmitted by this way. Articulatory accuracy depends on the regularity of phoneme perception and of the developmental level of articulatory and phonatory mechanisms (Kostic, Vladisavljevic, 1995). Discreet and minimal disruption of auditory perception at early age can lead to articulation disorder. Methodology, that is applied in treatment and in correction of articulation, is of great importance both for the length and the effects of treatment, particularly in terms of developing abilities that can later affect the adoption of school skills. The aim of this research was to examine the auditory perception in children with disturbed articulation. The sample comprised of 22 children aged 5-8 years with disturbed articulation and 20 children of the same age with normal speech-language and hearing development. The research was conducted by using: Impedancemetry, tonal audiometry, TEOAE, DPOAE and speech audiometry. Obtained results indicate that children with articulation disorders show worse results in all applied methodological procedures in relation to children with normal hearing and speech development, but obtained differences were not statistically significant.

Для вивчення функцій слухового аналізатора було проведено аудіометричне обстеження 62 досліджуваних, які мають судинні порушення. Результати співставлені з даними імпедансометрії у цих досліджуваних. Визначено ступінь зниження слуху і тип аудіометричної кривої. У переважної більшості обстежених із судинними порушеннями слухова функція була в межах норми. Показано, що у більшості досліджуваних переважає нормальне сприймання розмовної мови. To study the function of the auditory analyzer was held audio metric survey of 62 subjects with vascular disorders. Results impedansometriyi mapped to the data in these patients. A degree of hearing loss and type audiometrychnoyi curve. The vast majority of surveyed people with cardiovascular disorders auditory function was within normal limits. It is shown that in most normal subjects dominated the perception of spoken language.