1. The Burden of Mental Disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013
- Author
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Ali S. Akanda, Jost B. Jonas, Dinesh Arya, Traolach S. Brugha, Haidong Wang, Randah R. Hamadeh, Rohan Borschmann, Samer Hamidi, Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri, Mohammad H. Forouzanfar, Mohsen Naghavi, Yun Jin Kim, Fadi T. Maalouf, Raghid Charara, Josep Maria Haro, Charbel El Bcheraoui, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Dan J. Stein, Daniel Kim, Saad B. Omer, Laith J. Abu-Raddad, Philip B. Mitchell, Naohiro Yonemoto, Paul S. F. Yip, Raghib Ali, Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer, Rajesh Sagar, Yousef Khader, Ali H. Mokdad, Ferrán Catalá-López, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer Khoja, Mahmoud A. Alomari, Kim Savuon, Ibrahim A Khalil, Gholamreza Roshandel, Ashkan Afshin, Ali A. Mokdad, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Nadia Akseer, Maheswar Satpathy, Ronny Westerman, Theo Vos, Florian Fischer, Farshad Pourmalek, Soraya Seedat, Nawal Al-Hamad, Saleem M Rana, Ivy Shiue, Abdullatif Husseini, Olalekan A. Uthman, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi, Alize J. Ferrari, Mohamed Hsairi, Masako Horino, Christian Kieling, Umar Bacha, Zulfa A. Al Rayess, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Amany H Refaat, Karen M. Tabb, Ann Kristin Knudsen, Jens Christoffer Skogen, Alem Mehari, Louisa Degenhardt, Rana Jawad Asghar, John C. Hornberger, Alexandra Brazinova, Alaa Badawi, Foad Abd-Allah, Imad A.D. Faghmous, Farah Daoud, Ardeshir Khosravi, Fadia AlBuhairan, George C Patton, Syed Danish Ali, Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi, Hsiang Huang, Christopher J L Murray, Harvey Whiteford, Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh, Anwar Rafay, Amira Shaheen, and Universitat de Barcelona
- Subjects
Male ,Gerontology ,Time Factors ,L900 ,Health Status ,lcsh:Medicine ,Global Health ,Geographical Locations ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Global health ,Public and Occupational Health ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,lcsh:Science ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Aged, 80 and over ,education.field_of_study ,Public health ,Multidisciplinary ,Mediterranean Region ,Depression ,Mental Disorders ,Age Factors ,Middle Aged ,Anxiety Disorders ,Socioeconomic Aspects of Health ,Mental illness ,Child, Preschool ,Mediterrània oriental ,Anxiety ,Female ,Egypt ,medicine.symptom ,Research Article ,Adult ,Adolescent ,Eastern Mediterranean ,Population ,Neuropsychiatric Disorders ,Neuroses ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Life Expectancy ,Sex Factors ,Mental Health and Psychiatry ,medicine ,Humans ,education ,Disease burden ,Aged ,Mood Disorders ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,medicine.disease ,Mental health ,Salut pública ,030227 psychiatry ,Health Care ,B900 ,Age Groups ,People and Places ,Africa ,Life expectancy ,RC0321 ,Population Groupings ,lcsh:Q ,business ,Malalties mentals ,Demography - Abstract
The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is witnessing an increase in chronic disorders, including mental illness. With ongoing unrest, this is expected to rise. This is the first study to quantify the burden of mental disorders in the EMR. We used data from the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) 2013. DALYs (disability-adjusted life years) allow assessment of both premature mortality (years of life lost-YLLs) and nonfatal outcomes (years lived with disability-YLDs). DALYs are computed by adding YLLs and YLDs for each age-sex-country group. In 2013, mental disorders contributed to 5.6% of the total disease burden in the EMR (1894 DALYS/100,000 population): 2519 DALYS/100,000 (2590/100,000 males, 2426/100,000 females) in high-income countries, 1884 DALYS/100,000 (1618/100,000 males, 2157/100,000 females) in middle-income countries, 1607 DALYS/100,000 (1500/100,000 males, 1717/100,000 females) in low-income countries. Females had a greater proportion of burden due to mental disorders than did males of equivalent ages, except for those under 15 years of age. The highest proportion of DALYs occurred in the 25-49 age group, with a peak in the 35-39 years age group (5344 DALYs/100,000). The burden of mental disorders in EMR increased from 1726 DALYs/100,000 in 1990 to 1912 DALYs/100,000 in 2013 (10.8% increase). Within the mental disorders group in EMR, depressive disorders accounted for most DALYs, followed by anxiety disorders. Among EMR countries, Palestine had the largest burden of mental disorders. Nearly all EMR countries had a higher mental disorder burden compared to the global level. Our findings call for EMR ministries of health to increase provision of mental health services and to address the stigma of mental illness. Moreover, our results showing the accelerating burden of mental health are alarming as the region is seeing an increased level of instability. Indeed, mental health problems, if not properly addressed, will lead to an increased burden of diseases in the region.
- Published
- 2017