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2. 2023 Canadian Surgery Forum: Sept. 20-23, 2023.
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Brière R, Émond M, Benhamed A, Blanchard PG, Drolet S, Habashi R, Golbon B, Shellenberger J, Pasternak J, Merchant S, Shellenberger J, La J, Sawhney M, Brogly S, Cadili L, Horkoff M, Ainslie S, Demetrick J, Chai B, Wiseman K, Hwang H, Alhumoud Z, Salem A, Lau R, Aw K, Nessim C, Gawad N, Alibhai K, Towaij C, Doan D, Raîche I, Valji R, Turner S, Balmes PN, Hwang H, Hameed SM, Tan JGK, Wijesuriya R, Tan JGK, Hew NLC, Wijesuriya R, Lund M, Hawel J, Gregor J, Leslie K, Lenet T, McIsaac D, Hallet J, Jerath A, Lalu M, Nicholls S, Presseau J, Tinmouth A, Verret M, Wherrett C, Fergusson D, Martel G, Sharma S, McKechnie T, Talwar G, Patel J, Heimann L, Doumouras A, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Wang C, Guo M, Huang L, Sun S, Davis N, Wang J, Skulsky S, Sikora L, Raîche I, Son HJ, Gee D, Gomez D, Jung J, Selvam R, Seguin N, Zhang L, Lacaille-Ranger A, Sikora L, McIsaac D, Moloo H, Follett A, Holly, Organ M, Pace D, Balvardi S, Kaneva P, Semsar-Kazerooni K, Mueller C, Vassiliou M, Al Mahroos M, Fiore JF Jr, Schwartzman K, Feldman L, Guo M, Karimuddin A, Liu GP, Crump T, Sutherland J, Hickey K, Bonisteel EM, Umali J, Dogar I, Warden G, Boone D, Mathieson A, Hogan M, Pace D, Seguin N, Moloo H, Li Y, Best G, Leong R, Wiseman S, Alaoui AA, Hajjar R, Wassef E, Metellus DS, Dagbert F, Loungnarath R, Ratelle R, Schwenter F, Debroux É, Wassef R, Gagnon-Konamna M, Pomp A, Richard CS, Sebajang H, Alaoui AA, Hajjar R, Dagbert F, Loungnarath R, Sebajang H, Ratelle R, Schwenter F, Debroux É, Wassef R, Gagnon-Konamna M, Pomp A, Santos MM, Richard CS, Shi G, Leung R, Lim C, Knowles S, Parmar S, Wang C, Debru E, Mohamed F, Anakin M, Lee Y, Samarasinghe Y, Khamar J, Petrisor B, McKechnie T, Eskicioglu C, Yang I, Mughal HN, Bhugio M, Gok MA, Khan UA, Fernandes AR, Spence R, Porter G, Hoogerboord CM, Neumann K, Pillar M, Guo M, Manhas N, Melck A, Kazi T, McKechnie T, Jessani G, Heimann L, Lee Y, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, McKechnie T, Tessier L, Archer V, Park L, Cohen D, Parpia S, Bhandari M, Dionne J, Eskicioglu C, Bolin S, Afford R, Armstrong M, Karimuddin A, Leung R, Shi G, Lim C, Grant A, Van Koughnett JA, Knowles S, Clement E, Lange C, Roshan A, Karimuddin A, Scott T, Nadeau K, Macmillan J, Wilson J, Deschenes M, Nurullah A, Cahill C, Chen VH, Patterson KM, Wiseman SM, Wen B, Bhudial J, Barton A, Lie J, Park CM, Yang L, Gouskova N, Kim DH, Afford R, Bolin S, Morris-Janzen D, McLellan A, Karimuddin A, Archer V, Cloutier Z, Berg A, McKechnie T, Wiercioch W, Eskicioglu C, Labonté J, Bisson P, Bégin A, Cheng-Oviedo SG, Collin Y, Fernandes AR, Hossain I, Ellsmere J, El-Kefraoui C, Do U, Miller A, Kouyoumdjian A, Cui D, Khorasani E, Landry T, Amar-Zifkin A, Lee L, Feldman L, Fiore J, Au TM, Oppenheimer M, Logsetty S, AlShammari R, AlAbri M, Karimuddin A, Brown C, Raval MJ, Phang PT, Bird S, Baig Z, Abu-Omar N, Gill D, Suresh S, Ginther N, Karpinski M, Ghuman A, Malik PRA, Alibhai K, Zabolotniuk T, Raîche I, Gawad N, Mashal S, Boulanger N, Watt L, Razek T, Fata P, Grushka J, Wong EG, Hossain I, Landry M, Mackey S, Fairbridge N, Greene A, Borgoankar M, Kim C, DeCarvalho D, Pace D, Wigen R, Walser E, Davidson J, Dorward M, Muszynski L, Dann C, Seemann N, Lam J, Harding K, Lowik AJ, Guinard C, Wiseman S, Ma O, Mocanu V, Lin A, Karmali S, Bigam D, Harding K, Greaves G, Parker B, Nguyen V, Ahmed A, Yee B, Perren J, Norman M, Grey M, Perini R, Jowhari F, Bak A, Drung J, Allen L, Wiseman D, Moffat B, Lee JKH, McGuire C, Raîche I, Tudorache M, Gawad N, Park LJ, Borges FK, Nenshi R, Jacka M, Heels-Ansdell D, Simunovic M, Bogach J, Serrano PE, Thabane L, Devereaux PJ, Farooq S, Lester E, Kung J, Bradley N, Best G, Ahn S, Zhang L, Prince N, Cheng-Boivin O, Seguin N, Wang H, Quartermain L, Tan S, Shamess J, Simard M, Vigil H, Raîche I, Hanna M, Moloo H, Azam R, Ko G, Zhu M, Raveendran Y, Lam C, Tang J, Bajwa A, Englesakis M, Reel E, Cleland J, Snell L, Lorello G, Cil T, Ahn HS, Dube C, McIsaac D, Smith D, Leclerc A, Shamess J, Rostom A, Calo N, Thavorn K, Moloo H, Laplante S, Liu L, Khan N, Okrainec A, Ma O, Lin A, Mocanu V, Karmali S, Bigam D, Bruyninx G, Georgescu I, Khokhotva V, Talwar G, Sharma S, McKechnie T, Yang S, Khamar J, Hong D, Doumouras A, Eskicioglu C, Spoyalo K, Rebello TA, Chhipi-Shrestha G, Mayson K, Sadiq R, Hewage K, MacNeill A, Muncner S, Li MY, Mihajlovic I, Dykstra M, Snelgrove R, Wang H, Schweitzer C, Wiseman SM, Garcha I, Jogiat U, Baracos V, Turner SR, Eurich D, Filafilo H, Rouhi A, Bédard A, Bédard ELR, Patel YS, Alaichi JA, Agzarian J, Hanna WC, Patel YS, Alaichi JA, Provost E, Shayegan B, Adili A, Hanna WC, Mistry N, Gatti AA, Patel YS, Farrokhyar F, Xie F, Hanna WC, Sullivan KA, Farrokhyar F, Patel YS, Liberman M, Turner SR, Gonzalez AV, Nayak R, Yasufuku K, Hanna WC, Mistry N, Gatti AA, Patel YS, Cross S, Farrokhyar F, Xie F, Hanna WC, Haché PL, Galvaing G, Simard S, Grégoire J, Bussières J, Lacasse Y, Sassi S, Champagne C, Laliberté AS, Jeong JY, Jogiat U, Wilson H, Bédard A, Blakely P, Dang J, Sun W, Karmali S, Bédard ELR, Wong C, Hakim SY, Azizi S, El-Menyar A, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H, Fernandes AR, French D, Li C, Ellsmere J, Gossen S, French D, Bailey J, Tibbo P, Crocker C, Bondzi-Simpson A, Ribeiro T, Kidane B, Ko M, Coburn N, Kulkarni G, Hallet J, Ramzee AF, Afifi I, Alani M, El-Menyar A, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H, Chughtai T, Huo B, Manos D, Xu Z, Kontouli KM, Chun S, Fris J, Wallace AMR, French DG, Giffin C, Liberman M, Dayan G, Laliberté AS, Yasufuku K, Farivar A, Kidane B, Weessies C, Robinson M, Bednarek L, Buduhan G, Liu R, Tan L, Srinathan SK, Kidane B, Nasralla A, Safieddine N, Gazala S, Simone C, Ahmadi N, Hilzenrat R, Blitz M, Deen S, Humer M, Jugnauth A, Buduhan G, Kerr L, Sun S, Browne I, Patel Y, Hanna W, Loshusan B, Shamsil A, Naish MD, Qiabi M, Nayak R, Patel R, Malthaner R, Pooja P, Roberto R, Greg H, Daniel F, Huynh C, Sharma S, Vieira A, Jain F, Lee Y, Mousa-Doust D, Costa J, Mezei M, Chapman K, Briemberg H, Jack K, Grant K, Choi J, Yee J, McGuire AL, Abdul SA, Khazoom F, Aw K, Lau R, Gilbert S, Sundaresan S, Jones D, Seely AJE, Villeneuve PJ, Maziak DE, Pigeon CA, Frigault J, Drolet S, Roy ÈM, Bujold-Pitre K, Courval V, Tessier L, McKechnie T, Lee Y, Park L, Gangam N, Eskicioglu C, Cloutier Z, McKechnie T (McMaster University), Archer V, Park L, Lee J, Patel A, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Ichhpuniani S, McKechnie T, Elder G, Chen A, Logie K, Doumouras A, Hong D, Benko R, Eskicioglu C, Castelo M, Paszat L, Hansen B, Scheer A, Faught N, Nguyen L, Baxter N, Sharma S, McKechnie T, Khamar J, Wu K, Eskicioglu C, McKechnie T, Khamar J, Lee Y, Tessier L, Passos E, Doumouras A, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, McKechnie T, Khamar J, Sachdeva A, Lee Y, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Fei LYN, Caycedo A, Patel S, Popa T, Boudreau L, Grin A, Wang T, Lie J, Karimuddin A, Brown C, Phang T, Raval M, Ghuman A, Candy S, Nanda K, Li C, Snelgrove R, Dykstra M, Kroeker K, Wang H, Roy H, Helewa RM, Johnson G, Singh H, Hyun E, Moffatt D, Vergis A, Balmes P, Phang T, Guo M, Liu J, Roy H, Webber S, Shariff F, Helewa RM, Hochman D, Park J, Johnson G, Hyun E, Robitaille S, Wang A, Maalouf M, Alali N, Elhaj H, Liberman S, Charlebois P, Stein B, Feldman L, Fiore JF Jr, Lee L, Hu R, Lacaille-Ranger A, Ahn S, Tudorache M, Moloo H, Williams L, Raîche I, Musselman R, Lemke M, Allen L, Samarasinghe N, Vogt K, Brackstone M, Zwiep T, Clement E, Lange C, Alam A, Ghuman A, Karimuddin A, Phang T, Raval M, Brown C, Clement E, Liu J, Ghuman A, Karimuddin A, Phang T, Raval M, Brown C, Mughal HN, Gok MA, Khan UA, Mughal HN, Gok MA, Khan UA, Mughal HN, Gok MA, Khan UA, Mughal HN, Gok MA, Khan UA, James N, Zwiep T, Van Koughnett JA, Laczko D, McKechnie T, Yang S, Wu K, Sharma S, Lee Y, Park L, Doumouras A, Hong D, Parpia S, Bhandari M, Eskicioglu C, McKechnie T, Tessier L, Lee S, Kazi T, Sritharan P, Lee Y, Doumouras A, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, McKechnie T, Lee Y, Hong D, Dionne J, Doumouras A, Parpia S, Bhandari M, Eskicioglu C, Hershorn O, Ghuman A, Karimuddin A, Brown C, Raval M, Phang PT, Chen A, Boutros M, Caminsky N, Dumitra T, Faris-Sabboobeh S, Demian M, Rigas G, Monton O, Smith A, Moon J, Demian M, Garfinkle R, Vasilevsky CA, Rajabiyazdi F, Boutros M, Courage E, LeBlanc D, Benesch M, Hickey K, Hartwig K, Armstrong C, Engelbrecht R, Fagan M, Borgaonkar M, Pace D, Shanahan J, Moon J, Salama E, Wang A, Arsenault M, Leon N, Loiselle C, Rajabiyazdi F, Boutros M, Brennan K, Rai M, Farooq A, McClintock C, Kong W, Patel S, Boukhili N, Caminsky N, Faris-Sabboobeh S, Demian M, Boutros M, Paradis T, Robitaille S, Dumitra T, Liberman AS, Charlebois P, Stein B, Fiore JF Jr, Feldman LS, Lee L, Zwiep T, Abner D, Alam T, Beyer E, Evans M, Hill M, Johnston D, Lohnes K, Menard S, Pitcher N, Sair K, Smith B, Yarjau B, LeBlanc K, Samarasinghe N, Karimuddin AA, Brown CJ, Phang PT, Raval MJ, MacDonell K, Ghuman A, Harvey A, Phang PT, Karimuddin A, Brown CJ, Raval MJ, Ghuman A, Hershorn O, Ghuman A, Karimuddin A, Raval M, Phang PT, Brown C, Logie K, Mckechnie T, Lee Y, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Matta M, Baker L, Hopkins J, Rochon R, Buie D, MacLean A, Ghuman A, Park J, Karimuddin AA, Phang PT, Raval MJ, Brown CJ, Farooq A, Ghuman A, Patel S, Macdonald H, Karimuddin A, Raval M, Phang PT, Brown C, Wiseman V, Brennan K, Patel S, Farooq A, Merchant S, Kong W, McClintock C, Booth C, Hann T, Ricci A, Patel S, Brennan K, Wiseman V, McClintock C, Kong W, Farooq A, Kakkar R, Hershorn O, Raval M, Phang PT, Karimuddin A, Ghuman A, Brown C, Wiseman V, Farooq A, Patel S, Hajjar R, Gonzalez E, Fragoso G, Oliero M, Alaoui AA, Rendos HV, Djediai S, Cuisiniere T, Laplante P, Gerkins C, Ajayi AS, Diop K, Taleb N, Thérien S, Schampaert F, Alratrout H, Dagbert F, Loungnarath R, Sebajang H, Schwenter F, Wassef R, Ratelle R, Debroux É, Cailhier JF, Routy B, Annabi B, Brereton NJB, Richard C, Santos MM, Gimon T, MacRae H, de Buck van Overstraeten A, Brar M, Chadi S, Kennedy E, Baker L, Hopkins J, Rochon R, Buie D, MacLean A, Park LJ, Archer V, McKechnie T, Lee Y, McIsaac D, Rashanov P, Eskicioglu C, Moloo H, Devereaux PJ, Alsayari R, McKechnie T, Ichhpuniani S, Lee Y, Eskicioglu C, Hajjar R, Oliero M, Fragoso G, Ajayi AS, Alaoui AA, Rendos HV, Calvé A, Cuisinière T, Gerkins C, Thérien S, Taleb N, Dagbert F, Sebajang H, Loungnarath R, Schwenter F, Ratelle R, Wassef R, Debroux E, Richard C, Santos MM, Kennedy E, Simunovic M, Schmocker S, Brown C, MacLean A, Liberman S, Drolet S, Neumann K, Stotland P, Jhaveri K, Kirsch R, Alnajem H, Alibrahim H, Giundi C, Chen A, Rigas G, Munir H, Safar A, Sabboobeh S, Holland J, Boutros M, Kennedy E, Richard C, Simunovic M, Schmocker S, Brown C, MacLean A, Liberman S, Drolet S, Neumann K, Stotland P, Jhaveri K, Kirsch R, Bruyninx G, Gill D, Alsayari R, McKechnie T, Lee Y, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Zhang L, Abtahi S, Chhor A, Best G, Raîche I, Musselman R, Williams L, Moloo H, Caminsky NG, Moon JJ, Marinescu D, Pang A, Vasilevsky CA, Boutros M, Al-Abri M, Gee E, Karimuddin A, Phang PT, Brown C, Raval M, Ghuman A, Morena N, Ben-Zvi L, Hayman V, Hou M (University of Calgary), Nguyen D, Rentschler CA, Meguerditchian AN, Mir Z, Fei L, McKeown S, Dinchong R, Cofie N, Dalgarno N, Cheifetz R, Merchant S, Jaffer A, Cullinane C, Feeney G, Jalali A, Merrigan A, Baban C, Buckley J, Tormey S, Benesch M, Wu R, Takabe K, Benesch M, O'Brien S, Kazazian K, Abdalaty AH, Brezden C, Burkes R, Chen E, Govindarajan A, Jang R, Kennedy E, Lukovic J, Mesci A, Quereshy F, Swallow C, Chadi S, Habashi R, Pasternak J, Marini W, Zheng W, Murakami K, Ohashi P, Reedijk M, Hu R, Ivankovic V, Han L, Gresham L, Mallick R, Auer R, Ribeiro T, Bondzi-Simpson A, Coburn N, Hallet J, Cil T, Fontebasso A, Lee A, Bernard-Bedard E, Wong B, Li H, Grose E, Brandts-Longtin O, Aw K, Lau R, Abed A, Stevenson J, Sheikh R, Chen R, Johnson-Obaseki S, Nessim C, Hennessey RL, Meneghetti AT, Bildersheim M, Bouchard-Fortier A, Nelson G, Mack L, Ghasemi F, Naeini MM, Parsyan A, Kaur Y, Covelli A, Quereshy F, Elimova E, Panov E, Lukovic J, Brierley J, Burnett B, Swallow C, Eom A, Kirkwood D, Hodgson N, Doumouras A, Bogach J, Whelan T, Levine M, Parvez E, Ng D, Kazazian K, Lee K, Lu YQ, Kim DK, Magalhaes M, Grigor E, Arnaout A, Zhang J, Yee EK, Hallet J, Look Hong NJ, Nguyen L, Coburn N, Wright FC, Gandhi S, Jerzak KJ, Eisen A, Roberts A, Ben Lustig D, Quan ML, Phan T, Bouchard-Fortier A, Cao J, Bayley C, Watanabe A, Yao S, Prisman E, Groot G, Mitmaker E, Walker R, Wu J, Pasternak J, Lai CK, Eskander A, Wasserman J, Mercier F, Roth K, Gill S, Villamil C, Goldstein D, Munro V, Pathak A (University of Manitoba), Lee D, Nguyen A, Wiseman S, Rajendran L, Claasen M, Ivanics T, Selzner N, McGilvray I, Cattral M, Ghanekar A, Moulton CA, Reichman T, Shwaartz C, Metser U, Burkes R, Winter E, Gallinger S, Sapisochin G, Glinka J, Waugh E, Leslie K, Skaro A, Tang E, Glinka J, Charbonneau J, Brind'Amour A, Turgeon AF, O'Connor S, Couture T, Wang Y, Yoshino O, Driedger M, Beckman M, Vrochides D, Martinie J, Alabduljabbar A, Aali M, Lightfoot C, Gala-Lopez B, Labelle M, D'Aragon F, Collin Y, Hirpara D, Irish J, Rashid M, Martin T, Zhu A, McKnight L, Hunter A, Jayaraman S, Wei A, Coburn N, Wright F, Mallette K, Elnahas A, Alkhamesi N, Schlachta C, Hawel J, Tang E, Punnen S, Zhong J, Yang Y, Streith L, Yu J, Chung S, Kim P, Chartier-Plante S, Segedi M, Bleszynski M, White M, Tsang ME, Jayaraman S, Lam-Tin-Cheung K, Jayaraman S, Tsang M, Greene B, Pouramin P, Allen S, Evan Nelson D, Walsh M, Côté J, Rebolledo R, Borie M, Menaouar A, Landry C, Plasse M, Létourneau R, Dagenais M, Rong Z, Roy A, Beaudry-Simoneau E, Vandenbroucke-Menu F, Lapointe R, Ferraro P, Sarkissian S, Noiseux N, Turcotte S, Haddad Y, Bernard A, Lafortune C, Brassard N, Roy A, Perreault C, Mayer G, Marcinkiewicz M, Mbikay M, Chrétien M, Turcotte S, Waugh E, Sinclair L, Glinka J, Shin E, Engelage C, Tang E, Skaro A, Muaddi H, Flemming J, Hansen B, Dawson L, O'Kane G, Feld J, Sapisochin G, Zhu A, Jayaraman S, Cleary S, Hamel A, Pigeon CA, Marcoux C, Ngo TP, Deshaies I, Mansouri S, Amhis N, Léveillé M, Lawson C, Achard C, Ilkow C, Collin Y, Tai LH, Park L, Griffiths C, D'Souza D, Rodriguez F, McKechnie T, Serrano PE, Hennessey RL, Yang Y, Meneghetti AT, Panton ONM, Chiu CJ, Henao O, Netto FS, Mainprize M, Hennessey RL, Chiu CJ, Hennessey RL, Chiu CJ, Jatana S, Verhoeff K, Mocanu V, Jogiat U, Birch D, Karmali S, Switzer N, Hetherington A, Verhoeff K, Mocanu V, Birch D, Karmali S, Switzer N, Safar A, Al-Ghaithi N, Vourtzoumis P, Demyttenaere S, Court O, Andalib A, Wilson H, Verhoeff K, Dang J, Kung J, Switzer N, Birch D, Madsen K, Karmali S, Mocanu V, Wu T, He W, Vergis A, Hardy K, Zmudzinski M, Daenick F, Linton J, Zmudzinski M, Fowler-Woods M, He W, Fowler-Woods A, Shingoose G, Vergis A, Hardy K, Lee Y, Doumouras A, Molnar A, Nguyen F, Hong D, Schneider R, Fecso AB, Sharma P, Maeda A, Jackson T, Okrainec A, McLean C, Mocanu V, Birch D, Karmali S, Switzer N, MacVicar S, Dang J, Mocanu V, Verhoeff K, Jogiat U, Karmali S, Birch D, Switzer N, McLennan S, Verhoeff K, Purich K, Dang J, Kung J, Mocanu V, McLennan S, Verhoeff K, Mocanu V, Jogiat U, Birch DW, Karmali S, Switzer NJ, Jeffery L, Hwang H, Ryley A, Schellenberg M, Owattanapanich N, Emigh B, Nichols C, Dilday J, Ugarte C, Onogawa A, Matsushima K, Martin MJ, Inaba K, Schellenberg M, Emigh B, Nichols C, Dilday J, Ugarte C, Onogawa A, Shapiro D, Im D, Inaba K, Schellenberg M, Owattanapanich N, Ugarte C, Lam L, Martin MJ, Inaba K, Rezende-Neto J, Patel S, Zhang L, Mir Z, Lemke M, Leeper W, Allen L, Walser E, Vogt K, Ribeiro T, Bateni S, Bondzi-Simpson A, Coburn N, Hallet J, Barabash V, Barr A, Chan W, Hakim SY, El-Menyar A, Rizoli S, Al-Thani H, Mughal HN, Bhugio M, Gok MA, Khan UA, Warraich A, Gillman L, Ziesmann M, Momic J, Yassin N, Kim M, Makish A, Walser E, Smith S, Ball I, Moffat B, Parry N, Vogt K, Lee A, Kroeker J, Evans D, Fansia N, Notik C, Wong EG, Coyle G, Seben D, Smith J, Tanenbaum B, Freedman C, Nathens A, Fowler R, Patel P, Elrick T, Ewing M, Di Marco S, Razek T, Grushka J, Wong EG, Park LJ, Borges FK, Nenshi R, Serrano PE, Engels P, Vogt K, Di Sante E, Vincent J, Tsiplova K, Devereaux PJ, Talwar G, Dionne J, McKechnie T, Lee Y, Kazi T, El-Sayes A, Bogach J, Hong D, Eskicioglu C, Connell M, Klooster A, Beck J, Verhoeff K, Strickland M, Anantha R, Groszman L, Caminsky NG, Watt L, Boulanger N, Razek T, Grushka J, Di Marco S, Wong EG, Livergant R, McDonald B, Binda C, Luthra S, Ebert N, Falk R, and Joos E
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- 2023
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3. Identifying barriers and enablers to rigorous conduct and reporting of preclinical laboratory studies.
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Lalu MM, Presseau J, Foster MK, Hunniford VT, Cobey KD, Brehaut JC, Ilkow C, Montroy J, Cardenas A, Sharif A, Jeffers MS, and Fergusson DA
- Subjects
- Reproducibility of Results, Qualitative Research, Research Design
- Abstract
Use of rigorous study design methods and transparent reporting in publications are 2 key strategies proposed to improve the reproducibility of preclinical research. Despite promotion of these practices by funders and journals, assessments suggest uptake is low in preclinical research. Thirty preclinical scientists were interviewed to better understand barriers and enablers to rigorous design and reporting. The interview guide was informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework, which is a framework used to understand determinants of current and desired behavior. Four global themes were identified; 2 reflecting enablers and 2 reflecting barriers. We found that basic scientists are highly motivated to apply the methods of rigorous design and reporting and perceive a number of benefits to their adoption (e.g., improved quality and reliability). However, there was varied awareness of the guidelines and in implementation of these practices. Researchers also noted that these guidelines can result in disadvantages, such as increased sample sizes, expenses, time, and can require several personnel to operationalize. Most researchers expressed additional resources such as personnel and education/training would better enable the application of some methods. Using existing guidance (Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW); Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) project implementation strategies), we mapped and coded our interview findings to identify potential interventions, policies, and implementation strategies to improve routine use of the guidelines by preclinical scientists. These findings will help inform specific strategies that may guide the development of programs and resources to improve experimental design and transparent reporting in preclinical research., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Lalu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
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- 2023
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4. Luciferase-Based Biosensors in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic.
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Azad T, Janse van Rensburg HJ, Morgan J, Rezaei R, Crupi MJF, Chen R, Ghahremani M, Jamalkhah M, Forbes N, Ilkow C, and Bell JC
- Abstract
Luciferase-based biosensors have a wide range of applications and assay formats, including their relatively recent use in the study of viruses. Split luciferase, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer, circularly permuted luciferase, cyclic luciferase, and dual luciferase systems have all been used to interrogate the structure and function of prominent viruses infecting humans, animals, and plants. The utility of these assays is demonstrated by numerous studies which have not only successfully characterized interactions between viral and host cell proteins but that have also used these systems to identify viral inhibitors. In the present COVID-19 pandemic, luciferase-based biosensors are already playing a critical role in the study of the culprit virus SARS-CoV-2 as well as in the development of serological assays and drug development via high-throughput screening. In this review paper, we provide a summary of existing luciferase-based biosensors and their applications in virology., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)
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- 2021
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5. Assessing the Completeness of Reporting in Preclinical Oncolytic Virus Therapy Studies.
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Fergusson DA, Wesch NL, Leung GJ, MacNeil JL, Conic I, Presseau J, Cobey KD, Diallo JS, Auer R, Kimmelman J, Kekre N, El-Sayes N, Krishnan R, Keller BA, Ilkow C, and Lalu MM
- Abstract
Irreproducibility of preclinical findings could be a significant barrier to the "bench-to-bedside" development of oncolytic viruses (OVs). A contributing factor is the incomplete and non-transparent reporting of study methodology and design. Using the NIH Principles and Guidelines for Reporting Preclinical Research, a core set of seven recommendations, we evaluated the completeness of reporting of preclinical OV studies. We also developed an evidence map identifying the current trends in OV research. A systematic search of MEDLINE and Embase identified all relevant articles published over an 18 month period. We screened 1,554 articles, and 236 met our a priori -defined inclusion criteria. Adenovirus (43%) was the most commonly used viral platform. Frequently investigated cancers included colorectal (14%), skin (12%), and breast (11%). Xenograft implantation (61%) in mice (96%) was the most common animal model. The use of preclinical reporting guidelines was listed in 0.4% of articles. Biological and technical replicates were completely reported in 1% of studies, statistics in 49%, randomization in 1%, blinding in 2%, sample size estimation in 0%, and inclusion/exclusion criteria in 0%. Overall, completeness of reporting in the preclinical OV therapy literature is poor. This may hinder efforts to interpret, replicate, and ultimately translate promising preclinical OV findings.
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- 2019
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6. Dimethyl fumarate potentiates oncolytic virotherapy through NF-κB inhibition.
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Selman M, Ou P, Rousso C, Bergeron A, Krishnan R, Pikor L, Chen A, Keller BA, Ilkow C, Bell JC, and Diallo JS
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Line, Tumor, Cytokines biosynthesis, Esters pharmacology, Fumarates pharmacology, Glutathione metabolism, Humans, Interferon Type I pharmacology, Maleates pharmacology, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Oncolytic Viruses drug effects, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Dimethyl Fumarate pharmacology, NF-kappa B metabolism, Oncolytic Virotherapy, Oncolytic Viruses physiology
- Abstract
Resistance to oncolytic virotherapy is frequently associated with failure of tumor cells to get infected by the virus. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a common treatment for psoriasis and multiple sclerosis, also has anticancer properties. We show that DMF and various fumaric and maleic acid esters (FMAEs) enhance viral infection of cancer cell lines as well as human tumor biopsies with several oncolytic viruses (OVs), improving therapeutic outcomes in resistant syngeneic and xenograft tumor models. This results in durable responses, even in models otherwise refractory to OV and drug monotherapies. The ability of DMF to enhance viral spread results from its ability to inhibit type I interferon (IFN) production and response, which is associated with its blockade of nuclear translocation of the transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). This study demonstrates that unconventional application of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs and biological agents can result in improved anticancer therapeutic outcomes., (Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Microtubule disruption synergizes with oncolytic virotherapy by inhibiting interferon translation and potentiating bystander killing.
- Author
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Arulanandam R, Batenchuk C, Varette O, Zakaria C, Garcia V, Forbes NE, Davis C, Krishnan R, Karmacharya R, Cox J, Sinha A, Babawy A, Waite K, Weinstein E, Falls T, Chen A, Hamill J, De Silva N, Conrad DP, Atkins H, Garson K, Ilkow C, Kærn M, Vanderhyden B, Sonenberg N, Alain T, Le Boeuf F, Bell JC, and Diallo JS
- Subjects
- Albendazole pharmacology, Animals, Benzimidazoles pharmacology, Bystander Effect immunology, Cell Line, Cell Line, Tumor, Chlorocebus aethiops, Colchicine pharmacology, Cytokines immunology, HT29 Cells, Humans, Interferon Type I genetics, Interferon Type I metabolism, Mice, Nocodazole pharmacology, Protein Biosynthesis drug effects, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Rhabdoviridae, Vero Cells, Vinblastine analogs & derivatives, Vinblastine pharmacology, Vinorelbine, Bystander Effect drug effects, Cytokines drug effects, Interferon Type I drug effects, Microtubules drug effects, Oncolytic Virotherapy, Oncolytic Viruses, RNA, Messenger drug effects, Rhabdoviridae Infections immunology, Tubulin Modulators pharmacology
- Abstract
In this study, we show that several microtubule-destabilizing agents used for decades for treatment of cancer and other diseases also sensitize cancer cells to oncolytic rhabdoviruses and improve therapeutic outcomes in resistant murine cancer models. Drug-induced microtubule destabilization leads to superior viral spread in cancer cells by disrupting type I IFN mRNA translation, leading to decreased IFN protein expression and secretion. Furthermore, microtubule-destabilizing agents specifically promote cancer cell death following stimulation by a subset of infection-induced cytokines, thereby increasing viral bystander effects. This study reveals a previously unappreciated role for microtubule structures in the regulation of the innate cellular antiviral response and demonstrates that unexpected combinations of approved chemotherapeutics and biological agents can lead to improved therapeutic outcomes.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Smac mimetics and innate immune stimuli synergize to promote tumor death.
- Author
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Beug ST, Tang VA, LaCasse EC, Cheung HH, Beauregard CE, Brun J, Nuyens JP, Earl N, St-Jean M, Holbrook J, Dastidar H, Mahoney DJ, Ilkow C, Le Boeuf F, Bell JC, and Korneluk RG
- Subjects
- Animals, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins therapeutic use, Cytokines metabolism, Drug Synergism, Female, HEK293 Cells, HT29 Cells, Humans, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Oligodeoxyribonucleotides pharmacology, Oligodeoxyribonucleotides therapeutic use, Oncolytic Virotherapy, Poly I-C pharmacology, Poly I-C therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins pharmacology, Cell Death drug effects, Neoplasms, Experimental drug therapy
- Abstract
Smac mimetic compounds (SMC), a class of drugs that sensitize cells to apoptosis by counteracting the activity of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) proteins, have proven safe in phase 1 clinical trials in cancer patients. However, because SMCs act by enabling transduction of pro-apoptotic signals, SMC monotherapy may be efficacious only in the subset of patients whose tumors produce large quantities of death-inducing proteins such as inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, we reasoned that SMCs would synergize with agents that stimulate a potent yet safe "cytokine storm." Here we show that oncolytic viruses and adjuvants such as poly(I:C) and CpG induce bystander death of cancer cells treated with SMCs that is mediated by interferon beta (IFN-β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and/or TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). This combinatorial treatment resulted in tumor regression and extended survival in two mouse models of cancer. As these and other adjuvants have been proven safe in clinical trials, it may be worthwhile to explore their clinical efficacy in combination with SMCs., Competing Interests: RGK is a scientific founder and shareholder of Aegera Therapeutics (Pharmascience Inc., Montreal, Canada) which has a SMC under clinical development. JCB is the Chief Scientific Officer and a shareholder of Jennerex (Ottawa, Canada and San Francisco, USA), which has a Vaccinia-based oncolytic virus under clinical development.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Oncolytic vaccinia virus disrupts tumor-associated vasculature in humans.
- Author
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Breitbach CJ, Arulanandam R, De Silva N, Thorne SH, Patt R, Daneshmand M, Moon A, Ilkow C, Burke J, Hwang TH, Heo J, Cho M, Chen H, Angarita FA, Addison C, McCart JA, Bell JC, and Kirn DH
- Subjects
- Animals, Blotting, Western, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular blood supply, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular virology, Cell Line, Tumor, Cells, Cultured, Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic, Endothelial Cells drug effects, Endothelial Cells physiology, Endothelial Cells virology, Female, Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 pharmacology, Humans, Liver Neoplasms blood supply, Liver Neoplasms virology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Neoplasms, Experimental blood supply, Neoplasms, Experimental therapy, Neoplasms, Experimental virology, Neovascularization, Pathologic virology, Oncolytic Virotherapy methods, Oncolytic Viruses genetics, Rabbits, Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor metabolism, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Vaccinia virus genetics, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A metabolism, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A pharmacology, Virus Replication, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular therapy, Liver Neoplasms therapy, Neovascularization, Pathologic prevention & control, Oncolytic Viruses physiology, Vaccinia virus physiology
- Abstract
Efforts to selectively target and disrupt established tumor vasculature have largely failed to date. We hypothesized that a vaccinia virus engineered to target cells with activation of the ras/MAPK signaling pathway (JX-594) could specifically infect and express transgenes (hGM-CSF, β-galactosidase) in tumor-associated vascular endothelial cells in humans. Efficient replication and transgene expression in normal human endothelial cells in vitro required either VEGF or FGF-2 stimulation. Intravenous infusion in mice resulted in virus replication in tumor-associated endothelial cells, disruption of tumor blood flow, and hypoxia within 48 hours; massive tumor necrosis ensued within 5 days. Normal vessels were not affected. In patients treated with intravenous JX-594 in a phase I clinical trial, we showed dose-dependent endothelial cell infection and transgene expression in tumor biopsies of diverse histologies. Finally, patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, a hypervascular and VEGF-rich tumor type, were treated with JX-594 on phase II clinical trials. JX-594 treatment caused disruption of tumor perfusion as early as 5 days in both VEGF receptor inhibitor-naïve and -refractory patients. Toxicities to normal blood vessels or to wound healing were not evident clinically or on MRI scans. This platform technology opens up the possibility of multifunctional engineered vaccinia products that selectively target and infect tumor-associated endothelial cells, as well as cancer cells, resulting in transgene expression, vasculature disruption, and tumor destruction in humans systemically.
- Published
- 2013
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10. The oncolytic poxvirus JX-594 selectively replicates in and destroys cancer cells driven by genetic pathways commonly activated in cancers.
- Author
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Parato KA, Breitbach CJ, Le Boeuf F, Wang J, Storbeck C, Ilkow C, Diallo JS, Falls T, Burns J, Garcia V, Kanji F, Evgin L, Hu K, Paradis F, Knowles S, Hwang TH, Vanderhyden BC, Auer R, Kirn DH, and Bell JC
- Subjects
- Animals, Blotting, Western, Cell Line, Tumor, ErbB Receptors genetics, ErbB Receptors metabolism, HeLa Cells, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Mice, Mice, Nude, Neoplasms genetics, Oncolytic Virotherapy, Oncolytic Viruses genetics, Poxviridae genetics, Signal Transduction genetics, Virus Replication genetics, Neoplasms metabolism, Oncolytic Viruses physiology, Poxviridae physiology, Signal Transduction physiology, Virus Replication physiology
- Abstract
Oncolytic viruses are generally designed to be cancer selective on the basis of a single genetic mutation. JX-594 is a thymidine kinase (TK) gene-inactivated oncolytic vaccinia virus expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and lac-Z transgenes that is designed to destroy cancer cells through replication-dependent cell lysis and stimulation of antitumoral immunity. JX-594 has demonstrated a favorable safety profile and reproducible tumor necrosis in a variety of solid cancer types in clinical trials. However, the mechanism(s) responsible for its cancer-selectivity have not yet been well described. We analyzed the replication of JX-594 in three model systems: primary normal and cancer cells, surgical explants, and murine tumor models. JX-594 replication, transgene expression, and cytopathic effects were highly cancer-selective, and broad spectrum activity was demonstrated. JX-594 cancer-selectivity was multi-mechanistic; replication was activated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/Ras pathway signaling, cellular TK levels, and cancer cell resistance to type-I interferons (IFNs). These findings confirm a large therapeutic index for JX-594 that is driven by common genetic abnormalities in human solid tumors. This appears to be the first description of multiple selectivity mechanisms, both inherent and engineered, for an oncolytic virus. These findings have implications for oncolytic viruses in general, and suggest that their cancer targeting is a complex and multifactorial process.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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