1. Synthesis of a Muscarinic Receptor Antagonist via a Diastereoselective Michael Reaction, Selective Deoxyfluorination and Aromatic Metal−Halogen Exchange Reaction
- Author
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David M. Tschaen, Thoa Hoang, Yoshiaki Kato, Atsushi Akao, Joseph J. Lynch, Audrey Molina, Takayuki Nemoto, Koji Tomimoto, Ralph P. Volante, Toshiaki Mase, Daniel Zewge, Fengrui Lang, Paul J. Reider, Takehiko Iida, Toshihiro Wada, Keisuke Kamei, Shinji Kato, Jaemoon Lee, Takahiro Itoh, Ilias Dorziotis, Peter E. Maligres, Khateeta M. Emerson, Shigemitsu Okada, Masashi Kawasaki, Jake Z. Song, Ioannis N. Houpis, and Robert A. Reamer
- Subjects
Receptor, Muscarinic M3 ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Ketone ,Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated ,Chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Metalation ,Organic Chemistry ,Stereoisomerism ,Muscarinic Antagonists ,Amides ,Receptors, Muscarinic ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Reductive amination ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Dioxolane ,Michael reaction ,Animals ,Humans ,Moiety ,Amine gas treating ,Amination - Abstract
An efficient synthesis of a structurally unique, novel M(3) antagonist 1 is described. Compound 1 is conveniently disconnected retrosynthetically at the amide bond to reveal the acid portion 2 and the amine fragment 3. The synthesis of key intermediate 2 is highlighted by a ZnCl(2)-MAEP complex 19 catalyzed diastereoselective Michael reaction of dioxolane 7 with 2-cyclopenten-1-one (5) to establish the contiguous quaternary-tertiary chiral centers and a subsequent geminal difluorination of ketone 17 using Deoxofluor in the presence of catalytic BF(3).OEt(2). The synthesis of the amine moiety 3 is highlighted by the discovery of a novel n-Bu(3)MgLi magnesium-halogen exchange reaction for selective functionalization of 2,6-dibromopyridine. This new and practical metalation protocol obviated cryogenic conditions and upon quenching with DMF gave 6-bromo-2-formylpyridine (26) in excellent yield. Further transformations afforded the amine fragment 3 via reductive amination with 35, Pd-catalyzed aromatic amination, and deprotection. Finally, the highly convergent synthesis of 1 was accomplished by coupling of the two fragments. This synthesis has been used to prepare multi-kilogram quantities of the bulk drug.
- Published
- 2001