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In recent years, many preclinical studies have provided evidence that polyphenol compounds and their metabolites exert prebiotic-like effects by selectively stimulating intestinal bacteria growth and/or activity [1]. In this study, we investigated the chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and prebiotic potential of methanol extracts obtained from Prunus spinosa L. (blackthorn) and Lycium ruthenicum Murray (black goji) fruits. Polyphenolic profiles were characterized by using HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS and antioxidant capacity was estimated with DPPH•, ABTS•+, and FRAP assays. The influence of plant extracts (0.312-5 mg/L) on the growth of three probiotic lactobacilli, probiotic yeast (Saccharomyces boulardii), and two probiotic mixtures was examined. Studied plant extracts were characterized by different phenolic compound patterns. Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, quercetin glycosides and anthocyanins were detected in blackthorn extract, while black goji extract was characterized by the presence of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and acylated anthocyanins. The blackthorn fruit extract showed higher antiradical and reduction activity than those obtained from black goji fruits. Both extracts have influenced the growth of all tested probiotics in a concentration-dependent manner, especially of yeast, S. boulardii. The black goji extract had more stimulatory effects, possibly due to higher anthocyanins content. When the black goji extract was added to the growth medium at the concentration of 5 mg/mL, about 2-fold stimulation of the growth of S. boulardii was observed. In conclusion, extracts of the black goji and blackthorn fruits promote the growth of probiotics in vitro. Further studies are still needed to assess the prebiotic potential of these plant extracts. 1st European Symposium on Phytochemicals in Medicine and Food (1-EuSPMF), 7-9 September 2022, Belgrade, Serbia. Book of Abstracts

Fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae), known as wolfberries or goji berries, have been long used in traditional medicine and nutrition in Asian countries. However, in recent years, they have become popular in Europe, including Serbia. However, there are limited data on the chemical composition of goji berries cultivated in our country. This study aimed to estimate and perform a comparative analysis of the mineral content of goji berries from six locations in Serbia. After microwave digestion, macro- (K, Na, P, S, Mg, Ca) and microelement (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Mo) contents in analyzed samples were determined by the optical emission spectrometry with induced coupled plasma (ICP-OES). As expected, mineral concentrations varied significantly among goji berry samples from different locations (p < 0.05). In general, the decreasing orders of minerals in goji berries were: K > P > S > Na > Mg > Ca > Zn > Fe > Cu > Mn > Cr > Mo. According to the Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) values, dried goji berries (30 g) provide a rich source of Cr and Cu, while their contribution to the daily intake of other minerals was below 15% RDA. Plodovi Lycium barbarum L. (Solanaceae), poznatiji kao vučje bobice ili godži, imaju dugu istoriju upotrebe u tradicionalnoj medicini i ishrani stanovnika azijskih zemalja, a poslednjih godina su sve popularniji u Evropi, uključujući i Srbiju. Međutim, nema mnogo podataka o hemijskom sastavu plodova godži gajenih u našoj zemlji. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se izvrši komparativna analiza mineralnog sastava plodova godži prikupljenih sa šest različitih lokacija u Srbiji. Nakon prethodne mikrotalasne digestije, sadržaj makro- (K, Na, P, S, Mg, Ca) i mikroelemenata (Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Mo) u ispitivanim uzorcima suvih plodova godži, određen je primenom optičke emisione spektrometrije sa indukovano spregnutom plazmom (ICP-OES). Kao što je i očekivano, dobijeni rezultati ukazuju na statistički značajne razlike u sadržaju mineralnih materija u plodovima godži prikupljenih sa različitih lokacija (p < 0,05). Generalno, mineralne materije su zastupljene po sledećem opadajućem redosledu koncentracija: K > P > S > Na > Mg > Ca > Zn > Fe > Cu > Mn > Cr > Mo. Utvrđeni sadržaj makro- i mikroelemenata u jednoj porciji (30 g suvih plodova godži), u odnosu na nutritivne referentne vrednosti (NRV), ukazuje da su plodovi godži bogat izvor Cr i Cu, dok je doprinos jedne porcije plodova godži dnevnom unosu ostalih mineralnih materija ispod 15% NRV. VIII Kongres farmaceuta Srbije sa međunarodnim učešćem, 12-15.10.2022. Beograd

Lycium ruthenicum Murray (Solanaceae), also known as black goji or black wolfberry, has been used for centuries in traditional medicine and nutrition in Asian countries [1]. In recent years, black goji berries have been gaining attention as one of the most valuable sources of anthocyanins with many health-promoting effects [2]. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition and in vitro biological properties of black goji berry cultivated in southeastern Serbia. The total phenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and tannins content were determined spectrophotometrically. HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis was used to identify the phenolic compounds. Methanol extract from black goji berry was screened for in vitro antioxidant (DPPH∙, ABTS∙+, FRAP, CUPRAC, and β-carotene bleaching methods), antimicrobial, and hypoglycemic (α-amylase, α-glucosidase) potential. Phytochemical screening of the extract confirmed the dominant presence of anthocyanins and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, with petunidin 3-p-cumaroylrutinoside-5 glucoside as the main phenolic compound [3]. The total phenolic content was 18.13 ± 0.15 mg gallic acid equivalents/g freeze-dried sample. A high correlation is found between the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activities using different in vitro antioxidant assays. The antimicrobial activity of the black goji berry extract against eight laboratory control strains was not pronounced (MIC > 2 mg/ml). The IC50 values were 6.55 ± 0.38 mg/mL and 7.37 ± 0.02 mg/ml for α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibition activity, respectively. Overall, obtained results suggest that the black goji berry cultivated in Serbia should be considered a valuable source of bioactive compounds for further use in the food, nutraceutical, and cosmetic industries. 1st European Symposium on Phytochemicals in Medicine and Food (1-EuSPMF), 7-9 September 2022, Belgrade, Serbia

The blackthorn is widespread across temperate Europe and also occurs in the Near East and Africa. The fruit is traditionally used in the treatment of digestive, respiratory and kidney disorders. The aim of the study was to investigate composition and the antibacterial activity of methanol extract of blackthorn fruit, and potential prebiotic effect on selected probiotic microorganisms. The blackthorn fruit is a rich source of vitamin C (5.3 mg/100 g, determinated by titration) as well as Ca, Mg and P (106.7; 42.0 and 43.2 mg/100 g, respectively, determinated by ICP-OES). The total phenolic content was 1,235 mg gallic acid/100 g (FC method). Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives (caffeoylquinic and feruloylquinic acids), flavonoids (glycosides of quercetin, methylquercetin and kaempferol) and anthocyanins (glycosides of cyanidin and peonidin) were tentatively identified by LC-DAD-ESI-MS. The antimicrobial activity on eight laboratory control strains of bacteria was not pronounced (MIC 1.25->5 mg/ml). On the other hand the extract (0.3-5.0 mg/ml) exhibited significant prebiotic effect on investigated probiotic strains of Lactobacillus spp., Saccharomyces boulardii and their mixtures. The stimulation of growth was in the range 4.0-52.8% in concentration dependent manner. In conclusion, significant prebiotic activity of blackthorn fruit confers new insight in blackthorn health benefits. 14th Symposium on the Flora of Southeastern Serbia and Neighboring Regions, Kladovo, 26th to 29th June 2022

Metoda eksfolijacije iz rastvora praćena Langmir-Blodžetovom metodom depozicije predstavlja jednostavan i ekonomski isplativ postupak dobijanja tankih filmova 2D materijala. Međutim, ograničavajući faktor primene svih filmova koje se zasnivaju na samoorganizaciji nanostruktura za potrebe optoelektronskih uređaja je velika gustina defekata koja indukuje visoke vrednosti površinske otpornosti. S obzirom da primena u optoelektronskim uređajima zahteva visoku transparenciju i nižu površinsku otpornost od površinske otpornosti filmova grafena eksfoliranog iz tečne faze i deponovanog Langmir-Blodžetovom metodom, neophodna je odgovarajuća površinska modifikacija/funkcionalizacija ovih filmova, koja će njihova električna i optička svojstva prilagoditi zahtevima elektronske industrije. U cilju smanjenja površinske otpornosti filmova grafena primenjena je fotohemijska oksidacija ozonom, funkcionalizacija azotnom kiselinom i termalno odgrevanje. Koja od metoda će biti primenjena prvenstveno zavisi od vrste podloge na koju se filmovi deponuju. Fotohemijska oksidacija je primenjena na filmove na SiO2/Si podlozi, a funkcionalizacija azotnom kiselinom na filmove nanete na polietilen teraftalat (PET), kao transparentnu podlogu od značaja za fleksibilnu elektroniku. Za termalno odgrevanje odabrana je temperature do 250oC, kako bi ova metoda mogla biti primenjena na uzorke nezavisno od podloge na koju su filmovi deponovani. Rezultati primenjenih fizičkohemijskih metoda karakterizacije, kao što su metode vibracione spektrometrije, fotoelektronske spektroskopije X-zracima, UV/VID spektrofotometrije, skenirajuće elektronske mikroskopije i mikroskopije sila Kelvinovom probom su pokazali da dolazi do površinske modifikacije ispitivanih filmova grafena pri fotohemijskoj oksidaciji ozonom i funkcionalizaciji azotnom kiselinom u vidu dopiranja p-tipa kiseoničnim grupama i azotom. Dopiranje filmova grafena dovodi do višestrukog smanjenja površinske otpornosti filmova do nekoliko kΩ/sq, bez promene njihove visoke transparencije. Takođe, pokazano je da velika gustina ivica, kao dominantni tip defekata ovih filmova ima presudnu ulogu u efektima koje primenjene metode površinske modifikacije imaju na filmove. Liquid phase exfoliation followed by Langmuir-Blodgett assembly is a simple and costeffective method for obtaining large surfaces of thin films of 2D materials. However, the limiting factor for the application of films obtained by self-organization of nanostructures in optoelectronic devices is the high density of defects that causes high sheet resistance. Since the application in optoelectronic devices requires high transmittance and lower sheet resistance then graphene films from liquid phase, deposited with Langmuir-Blodgett method have, it is necessary to apply appropriate surface modification/functionalization of these films, which will adapt their electrical and optical properties to the requirements of the electronic industry. In order to reduce the sheet resistance of the graphene thin films, photochemical ozone oxidation, nitric acid functionalization and thermal treatment were applied. Application of particular method depends primarily of the type of substrate on which the films are deposited. Photochemical oxidation was applied to films on SiO2/Si substrates, and functionalization with nitric acid on PET films as a transparent substrate important for flexible electronics. During thermal heating, the temperature is set to 250oC, so that this method can be applied to samples independently from the substrate on which the films are deposited. The results of the applied physicochemical methods of characterization, such are vibration spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV/VIS spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy showed that surface modification of these films during photochemical oxidation with ozone and functionalization with nitric acid results in p-type doping by oxygen groups and nitrogen. Doping of these films results in a multifold reduction in sheet resistance of the films to a few kΩ/sq, without changing their high transmittance. Furthermore, it has been shown that a large density of edges, as the dominant type of defect of these films, plays a decisive role in the effect that the applied surface modification has on the films.

In this paper we present and discuss the origin and scientific significance of two works that are kept in the collection “Zaharija Orfelin’s Library” in the Patriarchate Library of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Belgrade. These are the first volume of “Veliki srpski travnik” (Eng. “Great Serbian Herbal”) and a newly discovered unidentified work of similar content. The aim of this study is to clarify the authorship of these works and bring them to the attention of the Serbian scientific community. In order to state the authorships precisely, all available literature on the subject has been reviewed. A comparison de visu of the copies of selected herbals from the Patriarchate Library in Belgrade, the British Library and the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew in London, and at the Bavarian State Library in Munich has been conducted. For many years Zaharija Stefanović Orfelin (1726-1785), a Serbian versatile creator, has been credited with the authorship of “Veliki srpski travnik”, although it had been established as far back as in 1921 by Mita Kostić that its authorship is manifold. “Veliki srpski travnik” is clearly one of the copies of “Herbarium Blackwellianum”, created first as a “Curious Herbal” in 1735 by Elizabeth Blackwell (1707-1758), a British herbalist, and later redrawn by Nikolaus Friedrich Eisenberger (1707-1771), a German painter. Zaharija Orfelin bought a copy of the herbal and recreated it as a 3-volume work. For the first volume he assigned Serbian names for the plants to each of the 490 illustrated plates, and described the attributes and usage for 7 plants. Identification of a newly discovered work from the Patriarchate Library in Belgrade has not yet been confirmed for certain, as an ink analysis is needed to determine the time range of creation. However, the plates, the illustrations and the handwriting of Serbian plant names imply that most probably it is one of the two lost volumes of “Veliki srpski travnik”. Even if he is not the author of herbal’s concept and illustrations, Orfelin’s contribution in terms of botanical nomenclature was a significant milestone for the foundations of Serbian botany.&nbsp

Coniferous forests and subalpine heaths are to be found in the mountains of the central Balkan Peninsula. Studied area comprises (in alphabetical order) Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia. A thorough literature research of phytocoenological papers was conducted. The classes VaccinioPiceetea Br. – Bl. et al. 1939 emend. Zupančič (1976) 2000 and LoiseleurioVaccinietea Eggler ex R. Schub. 1960 were included in the study, with alliances Vaccinio-Piceion Br.-Bl. 1939, Pinion sylvestris Lakušić 1972, Pinion peuces Horvat 1950, Piceion omorikae Tregubov 1941, Pinion mugi Pawlowski 1928, Juniperion sibiricae Br.-Bl. 1939, Bruckenthalion spiculifoliae Horvat 1949 emend. Zupančič 1992, Vaccinion uliginosi Lakušić 1979 and Rhododendro-Vaccinion A. Schnyd. 1930. A total of 105 associations were collected. The aim of this paper is to show a comparative review of the described communities based on geographic, and not political boundaries, to point out data availability and discuss further field research where needed.