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2. Developing Mathematics Written Communication through Case-Based Learning

Author

Joko Suratno, Ikram Hamid, and Ida Kurnia Waliyanti

Subjects
case-based learning, mathematical communication., Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract

Mathematical education, as it is now practiced, has many problems. Students that were taught using traditional instruction were only taught to listen. Without the input and feedback of the pupils, the teacher controls the learning process. Students were unable to improve their communication abilities and lacked learning independence. This study aimed to ascertain how case-based learning affected students' mathematics communication skills. The study had a posttest-only design and was a quasi-experimental investigation. The control class received standard instruction, whereas the experiment class received case-based learning instruction. The ability of students to communicate mathematically was the dependent variable in this study. The independent variables in this study were case-based learning and independent variables. Forty-six pre-service mathematics teachers from two full classes served as the research participants in their fifth semester. The tests of prior knowledge and mathematical communication skills were used as study tools. According to the research findings, there is a difference in students' capacity for mathematical communication between those who receive case-based learning instruction and those who receive traditional instruction. The experiment class had better student communication skills than the control group (p-value = 0.047). As a result, case-based learning is one option for enhancing students' communication abilities.

Published
2023
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7. Obituary

Author

Brunt, Peter, Spears, George, and Ikram, Hamid

Published
1994

10. A Model of Effective Teaching in Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences

Author

Tahir, Khazima, Ikram, Hamid, Economos, Jennifer, Morote, Elsa-Sophia, and Inserra, Albert

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine how graduate students with undergraduate majors in arts, humanities, and social sciences perceived individualized consideration, Student-Professor Engagement in Learning (SPEL), intellectual stimulation, and student deep learning, and how these variables predict effective teaching. A sample of 251 graduate students responded to a survey posted in two professional associations, and four universities in the United States and other countries. A structural equation model analyzed the influence of the independent variables on the dependent variable, effective teaching. A multiple regression analysis indicated that individualized consideration, SPEL, and deep learning were significant predictors of effective teaching. Intellectual simulation was a predictor of deep learning, which in turn influenced effective teaching.

Published
2017

15. The Effect of Teachers' Professional Development in Video Technology on Mathematics and the English Language Learning of Preschoolers in a Rural Primary School in Pakistan

Author

Ikram, Hamid

Abstract

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to examine the effect of teachers' professional development in video technology (PBS & Sesame Street videos) on mathematics and the English language learning among nursery students in the rural area of Pakistan where it was impossible for students to experience watching videos for learning purposes. This study showed teachers' motivation and frustration, before and after professional development, toward the use of video technology in the classroom. Also, this study showed the effect of learning videos assisted with games, coloring activities, and portfolios on student's English and mathematics' learning. The demographics of gender, socioeconomic status of the students, parents' education and occupation, learning resources at home for children, and the use of technology and media at home were contrasted to examine how they affect students learning of mathematics and English. The participants of the study were 80 nursery students and two English and math teachers in a rural primary school of Punjab province in Pakistan. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview protocol, biographical survey, and English and math tests. The demographic characteristics of the participants revealed that there were 55 percent female students and 45 percent male students ranging in age from 4 to 6 years. The demographics also revealed that 81 percent of the students belonged to households that had not more than $100 income per month. The findings supported that a majority of the students belonged to low socioeconomic status (SES), and fathers were the main source of household income. The findings showed that fathers' level of education was higher than that of the mothers' level of education. The effective delivery of the content with videos and students' engagement motivated teachers. The use of videos remarkably enhanced students' learning of math numbers and English alphabet in experimental classrooms. However, the lack of funds and technology training was the biggest frustration for teachers. The findings from this research contributed to the literature about teachers' professional development and use of learning media. The findings also identified the reasons behind teachers' frustration and motivation to bring technology in the classroom. Consequently, these study findings informed administrators, teachers, and parents to improve existing teaching and learning practices at early education level in Pakistan. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]

Published
2016

23. New Zealand Priority Criteria Project

Author

Mordue, Alan, Parkin, David W., Elliott, John, Doogue, Matthew, Crozier, Ian, Smyth, David, Richards, A. Mark, Nicholls, M. Gary, and Ikram, Hamid

Published
1997

25. Continual recordings of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in conscious sheep

Author

Jardine, David L., Charles, Christopher J., Melton, Ian C., May, Clive N., Forrester, Melanie D., Frampton, Christopher M., Bennett, Sinclair I., and Ikram, Hamid

Subjects
Nervous system, Sympathetic -- Physiological aspects, Heart diseases -- Causes of, Biological sciences
Abstract

Continual recordings of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in conscious sheep. Am J Phsyiol Heart Circ Physiol 282: H93-H99, 2002.--Cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) is of major importance in the etiology of heart disease but is impossible to measure directly in humans. Ovine and human cardiovascular systems are similar; therefore, we have developed a method for the daily recording of CSNA in conscious sheep. After thoracotomy, electrodes were glued into the left thoracic cardiac nerve and CSNA, blood pressure (BP), and heart rate were recorded daily. Satisfactory recordings [greater than or equal to] days of CSNA were obtained in 11 of 28 sheep (40%), mean recording time 10.6 days, range 7-47. During the first week, CSNA decreased gradually from 78 [+ or -] 8 at baseline to 60 [+ or -] 7 bursts/rain on day 5 (P = 0.02) or from 76 [+ or -] 9 to 57 [+ or -] 7 bursts/100 beats on day 7 (P = 0.04). Similarly, BP decreased from 103 [+ or -] 4 to 94 [+ or -] 4 mmHg (P = 0.03). Low-frequency heart rate variability decreased from 0.12 [+ or -] 0.02 to 0.06 [+ or -] 0.02 [ms.sup.2] on day 6 (P = 0.004) but was not correlated to CSNA. In conclusion, CSNA that can be continually recorded in conscious sheep decreases during the first week postsurgery and, thereafter, stabilizes. This model should provide valuable insights in future investigations of cardiac disease. sympathetic nervous system; ovine model; baroreflex

Published
2002

28. Peningkatan Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa SMP pada Materi Diagram Venn melalui Pendekatan Realistic Matematis Education

Author

Sartika Duwila, Ikram Hamid, and Ariyanti Jalal

Abstract

Penelitian eksperimen ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui 1) kemampuan representasi matematis siswa kelas VII pada materi Diagram Venn melalui pendekatan matematika Realistik, 2) pendekatan matematika Realistik dapat meningkatkan kemampuan reprsentasi matematis siswa dalam menyelesaikan Diagram Venn. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian One Group Pretest–Posttes Design dan menjadikan siswa kelas VII yang berjumlah 38 siswa sebagai sampel penelitian. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui teknik tes untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa terhadap penerapan model Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) . Teknik analisis data menggunakan rumus PAP, N.Gain (g), uji Normalitas, dan uji Hipotesis. Hasil tes penelitian dianalisis untuk memperoleh tingkat kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal dengan kualifikasi sebagai berikut: kualifikasi memuaskan sebesar 78,94% dan kualifikasi baik sebesar 21,05%. Pada taraf nyata α = 0,05 diperoleh t hitung = 2,88 > t tabel = 1,684. Oleh karena itu hipotesis H 0 ditolak, yang berarti bahwa terdapat peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa tergolong tinggi dengan nilai N Gain yang diperoleh yakni 0,88. Dengan demikian terdapat peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa melalui model pendekatan RME pada siswa SMP Negeri 4 Mangoli Selatan. Kata Kunci : Realistik Matematis Education , Kemampuan Representasi, Diagram Venn

Published
2019

29. Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa SMP Negeri 62 Halmahera Selatan Pada Materi Kubus

Author

Susanti Abdurahman, Ariyanti Jalal, and Ikram Hamid

Abstract

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui, (1) Bagaimana kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (2) Apakah model pembelajaran berbasis masalah berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan kerpikir kritis matematis siswa. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 62 Halmahera Selatan yang berjumlah 42 siswa yang kemudian tersebar pada dua kelas dan Sampel yang secara acak di ambil yaitu siswa kelas VIII 1 yang berjumlah 20 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa dengan 6 butir soal sebagai instrumen yang telah divalidasi oleh validator. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Kriteria kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 60% yang sudah mencapai nilai di atas rata-rata, sehingga dikategorikan sebagai siswa yang sudah berpikir kritis, 40% siswa mencapai nilai di bawah rata-rata sehingga dikategorikan sebagai siswa yang berpikir kritisnya kurang, Pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan uji t, dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh t hitung = 2,21 dan t tabel = 2,09 karena t hitung t tabel maka H 0 ditolak dan H 1 diterima artinya bahwa data berdistribusi normal, dengan demikian model pembelajaran berbasis masalah berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa. Kata kunci : Model Pembelajaran berbasis masalah , kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa .

Published
2019

30. Autonomic control of vasovagal syncope

Author

Jardine, David L., Ikram, Hamid, Frampton, Christopher M., Frethey, Rachell, Bennett, Sinclair I., and Crozier, Ian G.

Subjects
Fainting -- Physiological aspects, Nervous system, Sympathetic -- Physiological aspects, Bradycardia -- Physiological aspects, Hypotension -- Physiological aspects, Biological sciences
Abstract

The hemodynamics of syncopal patients were compared with those of tilt-tolerant patients by using tilt-induced syncope as a model for the vasovagal reaction. Detailed autonomic monitoring of both groups were also performed to examine how the hemodynamic changes were regulated. Findings showed that during early tilt, arterial baroreceptor sensitivity declined in patients who were susceptible to tilt-induced syncope. Blood pressure was initially maintained by an appropriate rise in sympathetic activity.

Published
1998

34. PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS MATEMATIS SISWA PADA MATERI BILANGAN BULAT

Author

Nursita Hi Mannan, Idrus Alhaddad, and Ikram Hamid

Abstract

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan dalammeningkatkan kreativitas matematis siswa pada materi operasi bilangan bulatpada siswa kelas VIIC SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Kota Ternate melalui model problem based learning.Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan teknik tes dalam bentuk soal uraian yang berjumlah 4 soal. Data yang dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan pedoman Tingkat Penguasan (TP) dan untuk mengatahui penigkatan hasil belajar siswa digunakan rumus N. Gain (𝑔). Pada tes siklus I, kemampuan siswa diperoleh 5 siswa (21,73%) interpretasi tinggi dan 18 siswa (78,26%) interpretasi rendah. Siswa yang tuntas belajar secara individu sebanyak 5 siswa Ketuntasan klasikal 21,73%, sedangkan 18 siswa tidak tuntas secara klasikal adalah 78,26% diperoleh skor rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 61,39 atau dilihat dari rumus N. Gain (𝑔). sama dengan 0,25. Hasil belajar siswa tes siklus I belum tuntas. Untuk hasil tes siklus II diperoleh sebanyak 12 siswa (52,17%) interpretasi tinggi, Sedangkan sebanyak 10 siswa (43,47%) interpretasi sedang, Rendah sebanyak 1 siswa (4,34%). Siswa yang tuntas belajar secara individu sebanyak 23 siswa, sedangkan ketuntasan belajar klasikal 100% diperoleh skor rata-rata hasil belajar siswa 87,43. Hasil belajar pada siklus II meningkat sebesar 0,67dari tes siklus I. Kata Kunci :Problem Based Learning, Kreativitas Matematis, Operasi Bilangan Bulat.

Published
2018

35. PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SHARE DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS PADA MATERI GARIS DAN SUDUT

Author

Ikram Hamid, Lili Suryani A, and Ahmad Afandi

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) pada materi garis dan sudut siswa kelas VII MTs Negeri Dowora Kota Tidore Kepulauan semester genap tahun pelajaran 2015/2016.Jenis penelitian ini adalah jenis eksperimen. Dengan desain penelitian yaitu desain eksperimen pre-eksperimental design jenis one- shot case study.Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri Dowora Kota Tidore Kepulauan dengan jumlah populasi 43 siswa. Adapun yang dijadikan sebagai sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu kelas VII A sebanyak 22 siswa yang akan diberi perlakuan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS). Untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat peningkatan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS), data dianalisis dengan analisis inferensial yaitu menggunakan uji one sample t-test dengan bantuan SPSS 20. Dengan kriteria pengujian jika nilai signifikasi lebihdari 0,05 maka H0 diterima ditolak dan jika nilai signifikasi kurang dari 0,05 maka H0 ditolak diterima. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa pada kelas eksperimen TPS pada variabel kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa dengan Df = 23 diperoleh nilai signifikansi = 0,035. Nilai signifikansi pada variabel kelas eksperimen memiliki nilai yang kurang dari tingkat alpha 0,05 dimana hal inimenunjukkan bahwa ditolak dan diterima. Oleh karena diterima maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan model TPS dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa. Kata kunci: Think Pair Share(TPS), kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis.

Published
2018

36. PENGEMBANGAN MODEL CETTAR MEMBAHANA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA

Author

Ikram Hamid, Susana R. Bahara, and Karman La Nani

Abstract

Terciptanya peningkatan kualitas hasil belajar siswa diperlukan kemampuan guru dalam merencanakan dan merealisasikan gagasan yang baru guna mencapai tujuan yang dikehendaki. Kemampuan mengembangkan model pembelajaran untuk selanjutnya diterapkan dalam proses pengajaran memiliki nilai tersendiri bagi guru menuju terciptanya motivasi berkreasi dan berinovasi. Kreativitas dan inovasi guru dalam mengembangkan model pembelajaran diharapkan mendorong terbentuknya kualitas pembelajaran dan hasil belajar siswa untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan suatu model Cettar Membahana dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini berupaya menghasilkan rumusan pengembangan model pembelajaran Cettar Membahana yang meliputi: pengertian, dan langkah-langkah penerapannya dalam pembelajaran matematika. Pengembangan penelitian ini dibatasi dalam dua tahap, yaitu: tahap pendefinisian dan perancangan. Tahap pengembangan dan penyebaran dilaksanakan sebagai penelitian lanjutannya. Model pembelajaran cettar membahana adalah suatu model pembelajaran dengan menyiapkan bahan ajar, dilaksanakan secara interaktif dalam menggeneralisasi informasi pengetahuan peserta didik secara bermakna berdasarkan tugas-tugas untuk dikerjakan peserta didik, dipecahkan bersama guru selama proses pembelajaran yang diselipkan dengan humor dan nasihat yang terciptanya situasi yang menyenangkan. Pembelajaran cettar membahana dilakukan dalam tiga tahapan, yaitu: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi.

Published
2018

43. Comparison of enalapril versus captopril on left ventricular function and survival three months after acute myocardial infarction (the 'PRACTICAL' study)

Author

Foy, Stephan G., Crozier, Ian G., Turner, John G., Richards, A. Mark, Frampton, Christopher M., Nicholls, M. Gary, and Ikram, Hamid

Subjects
Enalapril -- Health aspects, Captopril -- Health aspects, Heart attack -- Drug therapy, Heart ventricle, Left, Health
Abstract

Left ventricular (LV) function and survival can be improved with captopril when initiated later than 24 hours after acute myocardial infarction. Animal studies suggest additional benefits may be obtained with earlier initiation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. The effects on LV function of captopril and enalapril initiated within 24 hours of myocardial infarction were studied. Two hundred twenty-five patients with acute myocardial infarction were enrolled within 24 hours of the onset of chest pain. They were randomized to receive either captopril 25 mg three times daily, enalapril 5 mg three times daily, or placebo. LV ejection fraction (EF) and volumes were measured by radionuclide ventriculography at baseline during treatment and at 3 months after a 3-day withdrawal from therapy. The ACE inhibitor group had a significant increase in EF (45 [+ or -] 1 to 47 [+ or -] 1%; p = 0.005) and significantly attenuated LV dilatation compared with results in the placebo group (175 [+ or -] 6 to 189 [+ or -] 7 ml in the placebo group vs 168 [+ or -] 4 to 172 [+ or -] 4 ml in the ACE inhibitor group; p = 0.051 for LV end-diastolic volume; and 99 [+ or -] 6 to 108 [+ or -] 7 ml in the placebo group vs 94 [+ or -] 3 to 94 [+ or -] 4 ml; p = 0.026 for LV end-systolic volume). The beneficial effects of ACE inhibitor therapy on LV function were observed irrespective of the degree of initial LV dysfunction and were comparable in bath the captopril and enalapril groups. Survival at 90 days and 12 months was significantly improved in the enalapril group (7 placebo, 9 captopril, 1 enalapril [p = 0.038] and 12 placebo, 10 captopril, 2 enalapril [p = 0.022]; deaths at 90 days and 12 months, respectively). Immediate administration of captopril and enalapril improved LV function and prevented LV dilatation after acute myocardial infarction. The benefit was similar with both ACE inhibitors and was in excess of the benefits of optimal conventional therapy. (Am J Cardiol 1994;73:1180-1186)

Published
1994

44. Therapeutic controversies with use of beta-adrenoceptor blockade in heart failure

Author

Ikram, Hamid, Fitzpatrick, Drew, and Crozier, Ian G.

Subjects
Adrenergic beta blockers -- Evaluation, Heart failure -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

In response to early reports indicating a beneficial adrenoceptor effect of [beta] blockade, 2 small trials were conducted to investigate the hemodynamic effects of acute and chronic [beta]-adrenocoptot blockade in patients with congestive cardiomyopathy. Acute [beta]-blocker therapy with intravenous acabetolol, 25 mg, resulted in a significant decline in cardiac performance, whereas chronic therapy with acebatolol, 200 mg twice daily, resulted in no beneficial effects on exercise tolerance, as reported by the original Swedish investigators. Further, [beta]-adrenoceptor blockade has been associated with a number of clinical problem: [beta] blockers tend to interfere with the compensatory mechanisms that support circulation during early or mild heart failure and therefore have little value as routine therapy at that stage of the disorder. Although excessive [beta]-adrenoceptor blockade may worsen ventricular function by decreasing myocardial contractility, [beta]-blockers appear to have a useful role in patients with moderate heart failure accompanied by tachycardla. Carefully titrated doses of p blockers in conjunction with afterlead-reducing agents may also provide a benefit in patients with rapid heart rates and grossly elevated levels of circulating catecholamines. (Am J Cardiol 1993;71:54C-60C)

Published
1993

45. Hemodynamic effects of nitroprusside on valvular aortic stenosis

Author

Ikram, Hamid, Low, Clive J.S., Crozier, Ian G., and Shirlaw, Teresa

Subjects
Sodium nitroferricyanide -- Physiological aspects, Aortic valve stenosis -- Physiological aspects, Hemodynamics, Blood vessels -- Dilatation, Health
Abstract

The effects of acute reduction of left ventricular (LV) loading in valvular aortic stenosis (AS) were examined. Thirty-five consecutive patients with AS (peak-to-peak aortic valve gradient 66 [+ or -] 26 mm Hg, aortic valve area 0.65 [+ or -] 0.22 [cm.sup.2]) were given intravenous sodium nitroprusside (1 to 3 [mu]g/kg/min) to reduce systolic aortic pressures by >10 mm Hg (mean aortic pressure 99 [+ or -] 15 to 80 [+ or -] 15 mm Hg; p Overall, nitroprusside infusion resulted in little change in cardiac index (2.72 [+ or -] 0.61 to 2.67 [+ or -] 0.58 liters/min/[m.sup.2]; p = not significant). Individual patients had a range of responses. Fourteen patients (group 1) had an increase in cardiac index (2.42 [+ or -] 0.59 to 2.74 [+ or -] 0.67 liters/min/[m.sup.2]; p It is concluded that there is a disparate response to acute vasodilatation in AS. Potentially beneficial effects are seen in a subgroup of patients, especially those with increased filling presures and impaired LV function. It is postulated that the hemodynamic effects of sodium nitroprusside in patients with AS can be explained by the balance of effects on preload and afterload.

Published
1992

46. Antianginal, hemodynamic and coronary vascular effects of captopril in stable angina pectoris

Author

Ikram, Hamid, Low, Clive J.S., Shirlaw, Teresa, Webb, Carolyn M., Richards, A. Mark, and Crozier, Ian G.

Subjects
Coronary heart disease -- Physiological aspects, Coronary arteries, Captopril -- Health aspects, Angina pectoris -- Drug therapy, Blood flow, Health
Abstract

A pilot study was Performed to assess the shortterm effects of intravenous captopril on anginal threshold and systemic and coronary hemodynamics in patients with stable angina pectoris. Twelve patients with documented coronary artery disease, stable angina pectoris and normal left ventricular function were studied by an incremental atrial pacing stress test before and after intravenous captopril (n = 8) or placebo (n = 4). There were no significant differences in the extent of coronary dis. ease Or left ventricular function between the 2 groups and resting plasma-renin levels were normal. Captopril increased the time to angina (14 [plus or minus] 4 to 19 [plus or minus] 5 minutes, p [less than] 0.05), increased heart rate at development of angina (126 [plus or minus] 7 to 142 [plus or minus] 7 beats/min, p [less than] 0.05) and tended to increase coronary blood flow (229 [plus or minus] 154 to 296 [plus or minus] 259 ml/min, p = 0.11) and decrease coronary vascular resistance (53 [plus or minus] 10 to 47 [plus or minus] 3 dynes s [cm.sup.-5]/1,000, p= 0.11) at peak stress without alteration in systemic hemodynamics. No significant changes were seen after placebo administration. Therefore, intravenous captopril appears to cause a short-term increase of coronary vascular reserve, and anginal threshold in patients with chronic stable angina. This effect appears to be independent of inhibition of the systemic renin-anglotensin system or systemic hemodynamic changes. (Am J Cardiol 1990;66:164-167), Angina pectoris is chest pain resulting from an imbalance between the demand for and supply of oxygen to the heart. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, such as captopril, may improve the imbalance between oxygen demand and supply by dilating blood vessels, inhibiting the adrenergic nervous system, and decreasing heart rate. The effects of captopril on the development of angina and on blood flow within the coronary arteries, the major blood vessels supplying the heart, were assessed in 12 patients with coronary artery disease. Eight of the patients received captopril, and four were given a placebo, a substance with no known therapeutic effect. Under maximal stress conditions, captopril delayed the development of angina, increased the heart rate during the development of angina, and increased blood flow within the coronary arteries. In addition, captopril decreased coronary vascular resistance (the force against which blood flows inside the coronary arteries), but did not alter circulation in the peripheral vessels. No changes were observed in the circulatory characteristics of patients given a placebo. These findings demonstrate that captopril improves the coronary circulation and delays the development of angina without influencing peripheral circulation. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

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