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3. Comparison of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with a Flame Ionization Detector and D2425 Methods in the Analysis of Different Hydrocarbon Types in Jet Fuel

Author

Ikonen, K. Elias, Blaudeau, Lauren, Li, Wanru, Kilaz, Gozdem, and Kenttämaa, Hilkka I.

Abstract

The performance of a recently developed comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC × GC/FID) method designed to be an alternative to the D2425 standard method for the analysis of different hydrocarbon types in jet fuels was compared to that of an analytical protocol that complied with the D2425 standard method, updated in 2019. The methods were compared using three samples: conventional Jet A-1 aviation fuel, synthetic paraffinic kerosene (SPK), a sustainable aviation fuel made from hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA), and laboratory-made reference material (RM). This study shows that both the GC × GC/FID and D2425 protocols comply with the precision requirements of the D2425 standard method and that the GC × GC/FID method has a good accuracy over the typical concentration range of different hydrocarbon types in jet fuel. The results suggest that the D2425 method is accurate for concentrations above 10 wt % but fails to provide accurate results for low concentrations. The study also reveals that it is challenging to estimate the bias of the D2425 method with a RM that contains only a limited number of model compounds, because the D2425 method is intended for use with products covering a full boiling point range.

Published
2024
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5. The sarcopenia and physical frailty in older people: multi-component treatment strategies (SPRINTT) project: description and feasibility of a nutrition intervention in community-dwelling older Europeans

Author

Jyvakorpi S. K., Ramel A., Strandberg T. E., Piotrowicz K., Blaszczyk-Bebenek E., Urtamo A., Rempe H. M., Geirsdottir O., Vagnerova T., Billot M., Larreur A., Savera G., Soriano G., Picauron C., Tagliaferri S., Sanchez-Puelles C., Cadenas V. S., Perl A., Tirrel L., Ohman H., Weling-Scheepers C., Ambrosi S., Costantini A., Pavelkova K., Klimkova M., Freiberger E., Jonsson P. V., Marzetti E., Pitkala K. H., Landi F., Calvani R., Bernabei R., Boni C., Brandi V., Broccatelli M., Celesti C., Cicchetti A., Collamati A., Coretti S., D'Angelo E., D'Elia M., Landi G., Lorenzi M., Mariotti L., Martone A. M., Ortolani E., Pafundi T., Picca A., Ruggeri M., Salini S., Tosato M., Vetrano D. L., Lattanzio F., Baldoni R., Bernabei S., Bonfigli A. R., Bustacchini S., Carrieri B., Cassetta L., Cherubini A., Cucchi M., Cucchieri G., Costantini A. R., Dell'Aquila G., Espinosa E., Fedecostante M., Fraternali R., Galeazzi R., Mengarelli A., Piomboni S., Posacki E., Severini E., Tregambe T., Trotta F., Maggio M., Lauretani F., Butto V., Fisichella A., Guareschi C., Longobucco Y., Di Bari M., Rodriguez-Manas L., Alamo S., Bouzon C. A., Gonzales Turin J., Zafra O. L. L., Picazo A. L., Sepulveda L. P., SanchezSanchez J. L., Puelles C. S., Aragones M. V., CruzJentoft A. J., Santos J. A., Alvarez-Nebreda L., JimenezJimenez N. F., Nozal J. M. -D., Montero-Errasquin B., Moreno B. P. B. P., Roldan-Plaza C., Vicente A. R. -D., Sanchez-Cadenas V., Sanchez-Castellano C., Sanchez-Garcia E., Vaquero-Pinto M. N., Topinkova E., Bautzka L., Blechova K., Gueye T., Juklickova I., Klbikova T., Krenkova J. J., Madlova P., Mejstrikova H., Melcova R., Michalkova H., Ryznarova I., Drastichova I., Hasalikova E., Hucko R., Jakub S., Janacova M., Kilmkova M., Parizkova M., Redrova M., Ruskova P. P., Sieber C. C., Auerswald T., Engel C., Franke A., Freibergen E., Freiheit U., Gotthardt S., Kampe K., Kob R., Kokott C., Kraska C., Meyer C., Reith V., Rempe H., Schoene D., Sieber G., Zielinski K., Anker S. D., Ebner N., Grutz R., von Haehling S., Schols A. M. W. J., Gosker H., Huysmans S., Quaaden S., Schols J. M., Smeets N., Stevens P., van de Bool C., Weling C., Strandberg T., Jyvakorpi S., Hallikas K., Herranen M., Huusko T., Hytonen L., Ikonen K., Karppi-Sjoblom A., Karvinen K., Kayhty M., Kindsted T., Landstrom E., Leirimaa S., Pitkala K., Punkka A., Saavalainen A. -M., Salo T., Sepa M., Sohlberg K., Vaatamoinen E., Venalainen S., Vanhanen H., Vellas B., Van Kan G. A., Biville V., Brigitte L., Cervera C., Cesari M., Champarnaud M., Cluzan C., Croizet M., Dardenne S., Dorard M., Dupuy C., Durand E., Faisant C., Fougere B., Girard P., Guyonnet S., Hoogendijk E., Mauroux R., Milhet A., Montel S., Ousset P. -J., Teguo M. T., Teysseyre B., Andrieu S., Blasimme A., Dray C., Rial-Sebbag E., Valet P., Dantoine T., Cardinaud N., Castelli M., Charenton-Blavignac M., Ciccolari-Micaldi C., Gayot C., Laubarie-Mouriet C., Marchesseau D., Mergans T., Nguyen T. B., Papon A., Ribet J., Saulinier I., Tchalla A., Rapp T., Sirven N., Skalska A., Blaszcyk E., Cwynar M., Czesak J., Fatyga P., Fedyk-Lukasik M., Grodzicki T., Jamrozik P., Janusz Z., Klimek E., Komoniewska S., Kret M., Ozog M., Parnicka A., Petitjean K., Pietrzyk A., Skalska-Dulinska B., Starzyk D., Szczerbinska K., Witkiewicz B., Wlodarczyk A., Sinclair A., Harris S., Ogborne A., Ritchie S., Sinclair C., Sinclair H., Bellary S., Worthington H., Derejczyk J., Roller-Wirnsberger R., Jonsson P., Bordes P., Arnaud S., Asbrand C., Bejuit R., Durand S., Flechsenhar K., Joly F., Lain R. L., Moncharmont M., Msihid J., Ndja A., Riche B., Weber A. C., Yuan J., Roubenoff R., Kortebein P., Miller R. R., Gorostiaga C., Belissa-Mathiot P., Hu H., Laigle L., Melchor I. M., Russel A., Bennecky M., Haws T., Joshi A., Philpott K., Walker A., Zia G., Giorgi S. D., Feletti L., Marchioro E., Mocci F., Varesio M. G., Cesario A., Cabin B., de Boer W. P., Ignaszewski C., Klingmann I., Vollenbroek-Hutten M., Hermens T., Jansen-Kosterink S., Tabak M., Blandin P., Coutard L., Lenzotti A. -M., Mokhtari H., Rodon N., RS: MHeNs - R1 - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, RS: CAPHRI - R1 - Ageing and Long-Term Care, Health Services Research, Handicap, Activité, Vieillissement, Autonomie, Environnement (HAVAE), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Clinicum, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, HUS Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation, Timo Strandberg / Principal Investigator, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital Area, Teachers' Academy, Jyvakorpi S.K., Ramel A., Strandberg T.E., Piotrowicz K., Blaszczyk-Bebenek E., Urtamo A., Rempe H.M., Geirsdottir O., Vagnerova T., Billot M., Larreur A., Savera G., Soriano G., Picauron C., Tagliaferri S., Sanchez-Puelles C., Cadenas V.S., Perl A., Tirrel L., Ohman H., Weling-Scheepers C., Ambrosi S., Costantini A., Pavelkova K., Klimkova M., Freiberger E., Jonsson P.V., Marzetti E., Pitkala K.H., Landi F., Calvani R., Bernabei R., Boni C., Brandi V., Broccatelli M., Celesti C., Cicchetti A., Collamati A., Coretti S., D'Angelo E., D'Elia M., Landi G., Lorenzi M., Mariotti L., Martone A.M., Ortolani E., Pafundi T., Picca A., Ruggeri M., Salini S., Tosato M., Vetrano D.L., Lattanzio F., Baldoni R., Bernabei S., Bonfigli A.R., Bustacchini S., Carrieri B., Cassetta L., Cherubini A., Cucchi M., Cucchieri G., Costantini A.R., Dell'Aquila G., Espinosa E., Fedecostante M., Fraternali R., Galeazzi R., Mengarelli A., Piomboni S., Posacki E., Severini E., Tregambe T., Trotta F., Maggio M., Lauretani F., Butto V., Fisichella A., Guareschi C., Longobucco Y., Di Bari M., Rodriguez-Manas L., Alamo S., Bouzon C.A., Gonzales Turin J., Zafra O.L.L., Picazo A.L., Sepulveda L.P., SanchezSanchez J.L., Puelles C.S., Aragones M.V., CruzJentoft A.J., Santos J.A., Alvarez-Nebreda L., JimenezJimenez N.F., Nozal J.M.-D., Montero-Errasquin B., Moreno B.P.B.P., Roldan-Plaza C., Vicente A.R.-D., Sanchez-Cadenas V., Sanchez-Castellano C., Sanchez-Garcia E., Vaquero-Pinto M.N., Topinkova E., Bautzka L., Blechova K., Gueye T., Juklickova I., Klbikova T., Krenkova J.J., Madlova P., Mejstrikova H., Melcova R., Michalkova H., Ryznarova I., Drastichova I., Hasalikova E., Hucko R., Jakub S., Janacova M., Kilmkova M., Parizkova M., Redrova M., Ruskova P.P., Sieber C.C., Auerswald T., Engel C., Franke A., Freibergen E., Freiheit U., Gotthardt S., Kampe K., Kob R., Kokott C., Kraska C., Meyer C., Reith V., Rempe H., Schoene D., Sieber G., Zielinski K., Anker S.D., Ebner N., Grutz R., von Haehling S., Schols A.M.W.J., Gosker H., Huysmans S., Quaaden S., Schols J.M., Smeets N., Stevens P., van de Bool C., Weling C., Strandberg T., Jyvakorpi S., Hallikas K., Herranen M., Huusko T., Hytonen L., Ikonen K., Karppi-Sjoblom A., Karvinen K., Kayhty M., Kindsted T., Landstrom E., Leirimaa S., Pitkala K., Punkka A., Saavalainen A.-M., Salo T., Sepa M., Sohlberg K., Vaatamoinen E., Venalainen S., Vanhanen H., Vellas B., Van Kan G.A., Biville V., Brigitte L., Cervera C., Cesari M., Champarnaud M., Cluzan C., Croizet M., Dardenne S., Dorard M., Dupuy C., Durand E., Faisant C., Fougere B., Girard P., Guyonnet S., Hoogendijk E., Mauroux R., Milhet A., Montel S., Ousset P.-J., Teguo M.T., Teysseyre B., Andrieu S., Blasimme A., Dray C., Rial-Sebbag E., Valet P., Dantoine T., Cardinaud N., Castelli M., Charenton-Blavignac M., Ciccolari-Micaldi C., Gayot C., Laubarie-Mouriet C., Marchesseau D., Mergans T., Nguyen T.B., Papon A., Ribet J., Saulinier I., Tchalla A., Rapp T., Sirven N., Skalska A., Blaszcyk E., Cwynar M., Czesak J., Fatyga P., Fedyk-Lukasik M., Grodzicki T., Jamrozik P., Janusz Z., Klimek E., Komoniewska S., Kret M., Ozog M., Parnicka A., Petitjean K., Pietrzyk A., Skalska-Dulinska B., Starzyk D., Szczerbinska K., Witkiewicz B., Wlodarczyk A., Sinclair A., Harris S., Ogborne A., Ritchie S., Sinclair C., Sinclair H., Bellary S., Worthington H., Derejczyk J., Roller-Wirnsberger R., Jonsson P., Bordes P., Arnaud S., Asbrand C., Bejuit R., Durand S., Flechsenhar K., Joly F., Lain R.L., Moncharmont M., Msihid J., Ndja A., Riche B., Weber A.C., Yuan J., Roubenoff R., Kortebein P., Miller R.R., Gorostiaga C., Belissa-Mathiot P., Hu H., Laigle L., Melchor I.M., Russel A., Bennecky M., Haws T., Joshi A., Philpott K., Walker A., Zia G., Giorgi S.D., Feletti L., Marchioro E., Mocci F., Varesio M.G., Cesario A., Cabin B., de Boer W.P., Ignaszewski C., Klingmann I., Vollenbroek-Hutten M., Hermens T., Jansen-Kosterink S., Tabak M., Blandin P., Coutard L., Lenzotti A.-M., Mokhtari H., Rodon N., Epidemiology and Data Science, APH - Aging & Later Life, and APH - Quality of Care

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Gerontology, Sarcopenia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, PROTEIN, RECOMMENDATIONS, law.invention, SUPPLEMENTATION, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, law, Intervention (counseling), Cultural diversity, medicine, Nutrition counselling, Nutrition intervention, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Medical prescription, education, Exercise, Aged, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Frailty, business.industry, Settore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNA, ADULTS, medicine.disease, mobility, 3. Good health, Feasibility Studie, Malnutrition, SPRINTT, resistance exercise, muscle mass, Protein intake, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Feasibility Studies, Energy intake, Independent Living, business, Nutrition counseling, Research Paper, Human
Abstract

Aim To describe the methods and feasibility of the nutritional intervention carried out within the SPRINTT Randomized cotrolled trial. We also illustrate how nutrition interventionists identified participants at risk of malnutrition and the lessons learnt from the nutrition intervention. Findings SPRINTT nutrition intervention was well-received by the majority of the participants. It was mainly carried out using tailored nutrition counselling, but also other means of delivering the intervention were successfully used. Compared with a standard nutrition prescription, an individualized protocol to diagnose malnutrition and follow-up by tailored nutrition counselling helped achieve nutritional targets more effectively in spite of diversity of population in nutritional habits and in some cases reluctance to accept changes. Message The SPRINTT nutrition intervention was feasible and allowed flexibility to the varying needs and cultural differences of this heterogeneous population of frail, older Europeans. It may serve as a model to educate and improve nutrition among community-dwelling older people at risk of mobility limitations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41999-020-00438-4., Background The “Sarcopenia and Physical Frailty in Older People: Multicomponent Treatment Strategies” (SPRINTT) project sponsored a multi-center randomized controlled trial (RCT) with the objective to determine the effect of physical activity and nutrition intervention for prevention of mobility disability in community-dwelling frail older Europeans. We describe here the design and feasibility of the SPRINTT nutrition intervention, including techniques used by nutrition interventionists to identify those at risk of malnutrition and to carry out the nutrition intervention. Methods SPRINTT RCT recruited older adults (≥ 70 years) from 11 European countries. Eligible participants (n = 1517) had functional limitations measured with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB score 3–9) and low muscle mass as determined by DXA scans, but were able to walk 400 m without assistance within 15 min. Participants were followed up for up to 3 years. The nutrition intervention was carried out mainly by individual nutrition counseling. Nutrition goals included achieving a daily protein intake of 1.0–1.2 g/kg body weight, energy intake of 25–30 kcal/kg of body weight/day, and serum vitamin D concentration ≥ 75 mmol/L. Survey on the method strategies and feasibility of the nutrition intervention was sent to all nutrition interventionists of the 16 SPRINTT study sites. Results Nutrition interventionists from all study sites responded to the survey. All responders found that the SPRINTT nutrition intervention was feasible for the target population, and it was well received by the majority. The identification of participants at nutritional risk was accomplished by combining information from interviews, questionnaires, clinical and laboratory data. Although the nutrition intervention was mainly carried out using individual nutritional counselling, other assisting methods were used as appropriate. Conclusion The SPRINTT nutrition intervention was feasible and able to adapt flexibly to varying needs of this heterogeneous population. The procedures adopted to identify older adults at risk of malnutrition and to design the appropriate intervention may serve as a model to deliver nutrition intervention for community-dwelling older people with mobility limitations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41999-020-00438-4.

Published
2021
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8. Viestinnällä ja vuorovaikutuksella tutkimustiedosta enemmän irti

Author

Ikonen, K. (Kaisa)

Abstract

Tiivistelmä Erilaiset rahoitusinstrumentit asettavat tieteentekijöille uudenlaisia vaateita. Nykytutkijoilta odotetaan substanssiosaamisen lisäksi käsitystä yhteiskunnassa ilmenevistä kehittämistarpeista ja siitä kuka heidän tuottamastaan tiedosta hyötyy. Ymmärryksen rakentumiseksi tutkijoilta odotetaan vuorovaikutusta sekä näkemystä tämän toteuttamisesta. Vaatimusten ristipaineessa ei pitäisi unohtaa, että tutkija tarvitsee aikaa ennen kaikkea tulokselliseen tutkimustyöhön. Vuorovaikutuksen ammattilaisuutta ei odoteta — tarvitaan tukea tarjoavaa viestinnän osaajaa.

Published
2017

10. Knowledge creation in an R&D project:a multiple case study in the context of clean energy markets in Finland

Author

Huotari, M.-L. (Maija-Leena), Suorsa, A. (Anna), Ikonen, K. (Kaisa), and Innanen, K. (Kaisu)

Abstract

Introduction: This study examines organisational information behaviour in a multi-disciplinary, multi-professional and multi-organisational context. This environment is provided by a project on clean energy and a cloud computing-based market place for electricity trading. The focus is on the interaction and communication involved in creating new, interdisciplinary knowledge. The ultimate aim of our study is to contribute to theoretical understanding of knowledge creation as an aspect of organisational information behaviour, including public engagement in a research and development project, and to present a model of it. In this paper we aim at providing a concise description of our study. The study was commenced in late 2015 and is planned to run until 2021. Method: A descriptive method is applied to outline our multiple case study. The study is based on an interpretative paradigm of organisational studies. Analysis: The research in progress is described. The description further develops the research plan and elaborates on a practice oriented interaction plan and communication agenda of the project as a whole. Results: The context along with the four case studies are outlined, and the methods are described including the ethical concerns. This is to present a model of organisational knowledge creation in a research and development project. Our model may prove to be an alternative to Japanese models on knowledge creation presented in the multidisciplinary field of knowledge management. Conclusion: This study is a part of the BCDC Energy project. The preliminary findings of the study will be reported by the mid-term evaluation in 2017. Proceedings of ISIC: the information behaviour conference, Zadar, Croatia, 20–23 September, 2016: Part 1.

Published
2016

14. Pakolais- ja turvapaikanhakijakotoutujien tiedonhankintakäyttäytyminen Oulun kaupungin alkuvaiheen ohjaus- ja neuvontapalvelussa

Author

Ikonen, K. (Kaisa)

Subjects
Information Studies
Abstract

Pro gradu -tutkielmassa selvitetään pakolais- ja turvapaikanhakija-asiakkaan tiedonhankintakäyttäytymistä sekä vuorovaikutteisen tiedon tarjoamis- ja vastaanottamistilanteen luonnetta. Tätä kautta luodaan kuvaa tiedontarpeiden ja -tarjonnan keskinäisistä suhteista ja tarjotaan virikkeitä kotoutumista edistävien informaatiopalveluiden kehittämiseen. Asiakkaan tiedonhankintakäyttäytymistä systematisoi sovellettu, nk. skemaattinen tiedonhankinnan malli (Haasio & Savolainen 2004, 43–46). Empiirinen aineisto kerättiin teemahaastatteluin neljältä Oulun kaupungin ohjaus- ja neuvontapalveluiden työntekijältä. Aineisto analysoitiin sisällönanalyysin keinoin. Tutkimustulosten mukaan pakolais- ja turvapaikanhakija-asiakkaan tiedontarpeet ovat ensisijaisesti praktisia arkipäivän ongelmia. Lisäksi esiintyy henkisen ja sosiaalisen tuen tarpeita. Merkittävimmiksi tiedonlähteiksi ja -hankintakanaviksi osoittautuvat alkuvaiheen ohjaus- ja neuvontapalvelut, joista etenkin maahanmuuttajapalvelut koetaan tärkeäksi. Tietoa tarjotaan tiedontarpeeseen perustuen joko yksilöpalvelussa tai informaatiotilaisuudessa. Tiedon tarjoamisen ja vastaanottamisen tilanteessa korostuu ensisijaisesti kieli, kulttuuri ja luottamus. Riittävä toistaminen ja havainnollistaminen lisäävät asiakkaan tiedonhankinnan aktiivisuutta parantaen hahmottamista, ymmärtämistä ja kiinnostuneisuutta. Työntekijöiden mielestä kotoutumisen kannalta tärkeintä on saavuttaa yksittäisten praktisten tietojen sijasta elämään orientoivaa tietoa. Riittävän tiedonsaannin myötä yhteiskunnan tuntemus lisääntyy, itsetunto paranee, voimaannuttavat kokemukset lisääntyvät ja kotoutuminen edistyy. Haastateltujen työntekijöiden näkemykset ovat samansuuntaisia taustatutkimuksissa esiin tulleiden maahanmuuttajien kokemusten kanssa. Palveluiden järjestämisen näkökulmasta oululaiset palvelut toteuttavat tiedon tarjontaansa EU:n ja kansallisten periaatteiden mukaisesti. Kohdennetuilla palveluilla on paikkansa, mutta myös integroitujen palveluiden kehittämistä pidetään tärkeänä. Koska kyseessä on laadullinen, niukkaan empiiriseen aineistoon perustuva tutkimus, ei tutkimustuloksia voida yleistää. Läpinäkyvän tutkimuksen toteutuksen ja saatujen tulosten ansiosta yksittäiset näkemykset voidaan kuitenkin hyväksyä konsensukseen perustuvan totuusteorian mukaisesti. Käytäntöä ajatellen arvokas, pragmaattinen tutkimuksen lopputulos muodostuu suhteuttamalla empiria sitä selittävään ja täydentävään teoriataustaan sekä omaan pohdintaan. Pro gradu -tutkielman tuloksien pohjalta ehdottamaani pakolais- ja turvapaikanhakija-asiakkaan tiedonhankinnan viitekehystä voidaan hyödyntää sellaisenaan tai soveltaen maahanmuuttajille suunnattujen neuvontapalveluiden järjestämisessä ja kehittämisessä.

Published
2013

17. Toimintamallin johtaminen pilotoinnin avulla Lukuinto-ohjelmassa

Author

Kurttila-Matero, E. (Eeva), Ikonen, K. (Kaisa), Innanen, K. (Kaisu), Junes, M. (Marianna), Korkeamäki, R. L. (Riitta- Liisa), Kultalahti, L. (Leena), Rejman, K. (Katarina), Kurttila-Matero, E. (Eeva), Ikonen, K. (Kaisa), Innanen, K. (Kaisu), Junes, M. (Marianna), Korkeamäki, R. L. (Riitta- Liisa), Kultalahti, L. (Leena), and Rejman, K. (Katarina)

Abstract

Tiivistelmä Lukuinto-ohjelmassa (Lukuinto 2014) on pilotoinnin avulla etsitty käytäntöjä, jotka innostavalla tavalla monipuolistavat esi- ja perusopetuksessa lasten ja nuorten lukemisen tapoja. Uudet luku- ja kirjoitustaidot alati muuttuvassa tekstiympäristössä ovat niitä tulevaisuuden taitoja, joihin koulu ja kirjasto voivat yhdessä panostaa. (Korkeamäki 2011, 15; Coiro ym. 2014) Keskeisiä elementtejä kehittämistyössä on ollut koulun ja kirjaston yhteistyö ja kehittämistä tukevan koulutuksen räätälöinti yhteistyökumppaneiden kanssa. Koulutukset ovat toimineet ajattelun uudistajina ja tukena yhteisen tutkimusperustaisen käsitteistön omaksumiselle kirjaston ja koulun kesken.

Published
2014

19. A fibre optic reflectometer

Author

Silvennoinen, R., primary, Peiponen, K.-E., additional, Ikonen, K., additional, Asakura, T., additional, Luostarinen, J., additional, and Gu, Cong, additional

Published
1993
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25. Metallien väsyminen ja väsymisanalyysit

Author

Ikonen, K., Teknillinen korkeakoulu, Helsinki University of Technology, Koneinsinööriosasto, Kaila, M., Lukjanov, Leo, Ikonen, K., Teknillinen korkeakoulu, Helsinki University of Technology, Koneinsinööriosasto, Kaila, M., and Lukjanov, Leo

Published
1985

26. Application of change-point analysis to determine winter sleep patterns of the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) from body temperature recordings and a multi-faceted dietary and behavioral study of wintering

Author

Mustonen Anne-Mari, Lempiäinen Terttu, Aspelund Mikko, Hellstedt Paavo, Ikonen Katri, Itämies Juhani, Vähä Ville, Erkinaro Jaakko, Asikainen Juha, Kunnasranta Mervi, Niemelä Pekka, Aho Jari, and Nieminen Petteri

Subjects
Body temperature, Change-point analysis, Fatty acid signature, Foraging ecology, GPS tracking, Home range, Nyctereutes procyonoides, Winter sleep, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract Background A multi-faceted approach was used to investigate the wintertime ecophysiology and behavioral patterns of the raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides, a suitable model for winter sleep studies. By utilizing GPS tracking, activity sensors, body temperature (Tb) recordings, change-point analysis (CPA), home range, habitat and dietary analyses, as well as fatty acid signatures (FAS), the impact of the species on wintertime food webs was assessed. The timing of passive bouts was determined with multiple methods and compared to Tb data analyzed by CPA. Results Raccoon dogs displayed wintertime mobility, and the home range sizes determined by GPS were similar or larger than previous estimates by radio tracking. The preferred habitats were gardens, shores, deciduous forests, and sparsely forested areas. Fields had close to neutral preference; roads and railroads were utilized as travel routes. Raccoon dogs participated actively in the food web and gained benefit from human activity. Mammals, plants, birds, and discarded fish comprised the most important dietary classes, and the consumption of fish could be detected in FAS. Ambient temperature was an important external factor influencing Tb and activity. The timing of passive periods approximated by behavioral data and by CPA shared 91% similarity. Conclusions Passive periods can be determined with CPA from Tb recordings without the previously used time-consuming and expensive methods. It would be possible to recruit more animals by using the simple methods of data loggers and ear tags. Hunting could be used as a tool to return the ear-tagged individuals allowing the economical extension of follow-up studies. The Tb and CPA methods could be applied to other northern carnivores.

Published
2012
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27. Decline of the boreal willow grouse (Lagopus lagopus) has been accelerated by more frequent snow-free springs.

Author

Melin M, Mehtätalo L, Helle P, Ikonen K, and Packalen T

Subjects
Animals, Bayes Theorem, Climate Change, Seasons, Snow, Galliformes
Abstract

Climate change has influenced a range of species across the globe. Yet, to state a noted decline in the abundance of a given species as a consequence of a specific environmental change, for instance, spatially explicit long-term data are a prerequisite. This study assessed the extent to which prolonged snow-free periods in autumn and spring have contributed to the decline of the willow grouse, the only forest grouse changing into a white winter plumage. Time-series data of willow grouse numbers from summer surveys across the study area were integrated with local data on weather (snow cover), mammalian predator abundance and hunting intensity. Modelling was conducted with a hierarchical Bayesian Poisson model, acknowledging year-, area- and location-specific variability. The results show that while willow grouse numbers had decreased continuously across the study landscapes, the decrease was accelerated at the sites where, and during the years when the preceding April was the most snow-free. This indicates a mismatch between the change into a white winter plumage and the presence of snow, turning the bird into an ill-camouflaged prey. The results thus also confirm past hypotheses where local declines of the species have been attributed to prolonged snow-free periods. Across our study area, autumns and springs have become more snow-free, and the trend has been predicted to continue. Thus, in addition to conservation actions, the future of a species such as the willow grouse is also dependent on its ability to adapt to the changed environmental conditions.

Published
2020
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28. Evaluation of reproductive safety of beta-sitosterol on the American mink (Neovison vison).

Author

Nieminen P, Pölönen I, Ikonen K, Määttänen M, and Mustonen AM

Subjects
Animals, Animals, Newborn growth & development, Cholesterol blood, Female, Male, Pregnancy, Hypolipidemic Agents toxicity, Mink physiology, Reproduction drug effects, Sitosterols toxicity
Abstract

beta-Sitosterol is a weakly estrogenic phytosterol used extensively in functional foods to lower elevated serum cholesterol concentrations due to its inhibitory action on intestinal cholesterol absorption. It caused previously decreased sex steroid concentrations in fish and lowered sperm counts in rats. In the American mink (Neovison vison), litter size increased slightly due to dietary beta-sitosterol supplement. The aim of the present experiment was to conduct a dose-response study on the effects of beta-sitosterol on the reproduction of the American mink. Juvenile male and female mink (n=480) were exposed to 0, 5, 10 or 50 mg of peroral beta-sitosterol kg(-1)d(-1) for 10 months. After 3 months of exposure in November, 15 males per group were sacrificed and general biochemical variables reflecting overall health were determined. The beta-sitosterol-treated male mink had increased absolute and relative masses of intraabdominal fat and higher blood hemoglobin and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. In spring, the top-rated male mink were mated with multiple females within each study group and reproductive success was assessed. No differences in the reproductive performance of the males (10-11 per group) or females (47-50 per group) could be detected in the exposed groups and the kits of all groups developed in a similar manner. The results suggest that dietary beta-sitosterol presents no significant risk to mammalian fertility.

Published
2008
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