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The study used mixed-method design. Sample size of this study was 689 students employed total sampling technique. This study revealed that science process skill of students in learning science whether urban and rural areas are good. The independent sample t-test showed that there was a significance difference in students' science process skill in urban school (M = 3.175, SD = 0.178) and in rural schools (M = 2.482, SD = 0.182); (t (687) = 18.224, p<0.01. The independent sample t-test showed that there was a significance difference in students' critical thinking in urban school (M = 5.058, SD = 0.163) and in rural schools (M = 3.436, SD = 0.152); t (687) = 17.224, p<0.001. Lastly, the regression shows the level of contribution students' science process skill influence as much as 51.5% for critical thinking. This study was found that student science process skill affects critical thinking in learning science. Moreover, students' science process skill and critical thinking in urban better than rural.

We use scanning tunneling microscopy to elucidate the atomically resolved electronic structure in the strongly correlated kagome Weyl antiferromagnet Mn_{3}Sn. In stark contrast to its broad single-particle electronic structure, we observe a pronounced resonance with a Fano line shape at the Fermi level resembling the many-body Kondo resonance. We find that this resonance does not arise from the step edges or atomic impurities but the intrinsic kagome lattice. Moreover, the resonance is robust against the perturbation of a vector magnetic field, but broadens substantially with increasing temperature, signaling strongly interacting physics. We show that this resonance can be understood as the result of geometrical frustration and strong correlation based on the kagome lattice Hubbard model. Our results point to the emergent many-body resonance behavior in a topological kagome magnet.

To examine whether Javanese ginseng root has an antihyperglycaemic effect, twenty-one male Rattus norvegicus rats were randomly divided into four groups: negative control (n= 3), positive control (n= 4), treatment (n= 7), and placebo (n= 7). Alloxan was injected intraperitoneally at a single dose of 80 mg/kg BW to rats to induce hyperglycaemia. Infusion of Javanese ginseng root or distilled water was given at a dose of 2% w/v solution with a volume of 1.8 mL/200 g BW per day for 14 days through an enteral feeding tube to either the treatment or placebo group, respectively. Blood glucose levels were measured using the colorimetric method. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine differences in the mean of delta blood glucose (post intervention minus post alloxan blood glucose levels) among groups, followed by Tukey’s post hoc analysis. A P value 0.05 was considered statistically significant. There was a significant difference (P= 0.0001) in delta blood glucose among groups. Post hoc analysis revealed that delta blood glucose in the treatment group (-102.99±2.26 mg/dL) was significantly (P= 0.0001) greater than in the placebo (2.45±0.29 mg/dL), positive control (3.05±0.70 mg/dL) and negative control (1.60±0.17 mg/dL) grou p. In conclusion, Javanese ginseng root has potential as a hypoglycemic agent in alloxan-induced diabetic animal models

The large anomalous Hall (AHE) and anomalous Nernst effects (ANE) in antiferromagnets Mn3Sn/Mn3Ge are considered fingerprints of Weyl nodes residing near the Fermi energy. Here, the authors review the results from previous studies combining with new transport measurements on Mn3Sn/Mn3Ge single crystals, suggesting the essential role of magnetic Weyl fermions in explaining the AHE and ANE.

Salah satu penatalaksanaan asma yaitu latihan pernapasan diafragma yang dapat meningkatkan fungsi paru pasien asma. Tujuan penelitian untuk menguji pengaruh latihan pernapasan diafragma terhadap peningkatan Arus Puncak Ekspirasi (APE) dan penurunan frekuensi kekambuhan pasien asma. Penelitian true experiment pretest-posttest with control group melibatkan 28 subyek penelitian secara random. Subyek dibagi menjadi kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol melalui randomisasi sejumlah 14 orang untuk masing-masing kelompok. Pengukuran APE menggunakan peak flow meter dan frekuensi kekambuhan dicatat dengan lembar catatan observasi. Hasil penelitian terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan rerata selisih APE kelompok intervensi (mean 126,43±22,05 L/menit) dan kelompok kontrol (mean 52,14±56,45 L/menit) dengan p 0,001, serta terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan rerata selisih frekuensi kekambuhan kelompok intervensi (mean 1,29±0,61) dan kelompok kontrol (mean 0,79±0,57) dengan p 0,038. Latihan pernapasan diafragma menjadi pertimbangan dalam penatalaksanaan pasien asma. Kata kunci: arus puncak ekspirasi, asma, frekuensi kekambuhan, latihan pernapasan diafragma Abstract Effect of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) Enhancement and The Mild-Moderate Asthma Patients’ Relapse Frequency Reduction. One of the management of asthma is diaphragmatic breathing exercises that could improve lung function of asthma patients. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of diaphragmatic breathing exercises on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) and decreased frequency of mild-moderate asthma relapse on the patients. True experiment method pretest-posttest with control group was applied in this study with involved 28 random research subject. Subjects were divided into intervention groups and control groups through randomization of 14 people for each group. PEFR measurements using peak flow meter and relapse frequency were recorded with an observation note sheet. There was a significant difference of difference PEFR mean between intervention groups (mean 126.43±22.05) and control group (mean 52.14±56.45) with p 0.001. There was a significant difference of difference mean frequency between intervention group (mean 1.29±0.61) and control group (mean 0.79±0.57) with p 0.038. Diaphragmatic breathing exercise is a consideration in the management of asthma patients. Keywords: asthma, diaphragmatic breathing exercises, frequency of recurrence, peak expiratory flow rat

Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan gangguan metabolik yang ditandai dengan peningkatan kadar glukosa darah disertai dengan gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat, lemak dan protein akibat insufisiensi fungsi insulin. Buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) mengandung flavonoid dan saponin yang berfungsi sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek jus buah mengkudu terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus terinduksi aloksan. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan rancangan pre and post-test control group design. Subyek tiga puluh ekor tikus galur Wistar, 2-3 bulan 150-250 gr dibagi 5 kelompok: kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok perlakuan dengan jus buah mengkudu 2,25 gr/kgBB, jus buah mengkudu 4,5 gr/kgBB dan jus buah mengkudu 9 gr/kgBB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian jus buah mengkudu dosis 2,25 gr/kgBB, 4,5 gr/kgBB dan 9 gr/kgBB mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus diabetik terinduksi aloksan. Rata-rata penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada kelompok perlakuan jus buah mengkudu 9 gr/kgBB paling rendah. Terdapat penurunan yang signifikan kadar glukosa darah pre-test dan post-test pemberian jus buah mengkudu dengan nilai P=0,000 (P0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian jus buah mengkudu dosis 2 ,25 gr/kgBB, dosis 4,5 gr/kgBB dan 9 gr/kgBB dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah secara signifikan pada tikus diabetik yang terinduksi aloksan. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from insufficiency of insulin function. Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) consists of flavonoid and saponin which function as an antioxidant. This study is aimed to analyze the effect of noni juice in blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. This study was experimental research with pre and post test control group design. The sample consisted of 30 rats Wistar strain, 2-3 months male, weight 150-250 grams were divided into 5 groups: negative control group, positive control group, treatment group with noni juice 2,25 gr/kgBW, noni juice 4,5 gr/ kgBW and noni juice 9 gr/kgBW. The results showed the administration of noni juice 2,25 gr/kgBW, noni juice 4,5 gr/kgBW and noni juice 9 gr/kgBW was able to decrease blood glucose in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Mean of reduction blood glucose in treatment group with noni juice 9 gr/kgBW was the lowest (46,73+1 ,72). There are significant differences in reducing of blood glucose before and after treatment of noni juice which is P=0,000 (P0,05). It was concluded that the giving of noni juice dosage 2,25 gr/kgBW, 4,5 gr/kgBW and 9 gr/kgBW can decrease blood glucose level significantly in alloxaninduced diabetic rats.

Stres oksidatif berperan dalam terjadinya penyakit-penyakit kardiovaskular. Stres oksidatif ditandai dengan peningkatan radikal bebas dan penurunan sistem antioksidan. Sumber utama radikal bebas pada sirkulasi adalah enzim NAD(P)H oksidase. Enzim tersebut dimodulasi oleh angiotensin II. Angiotensin II dihasilkan dari konversi Angiotensin I oleh enzim angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Timbul pertanyaan apakah pemberian captopril, suatu penghambat ACE, dapat mencegah stres oksidatif. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian pra-eksperimental pada hewan coba dengan rancangan post test only measurement. Sebanyak 24 ekor tikus Wistar jantan dikelompokkan ke dalam 3 kelompok: kelompok I mendapat diet normal 20g/hr, kelompok II diet tinggi lemak (10%) 20g/hr dan kelompok III diet tinggi lemak (10%) 20g/hr dan captopril 50 mg/kgBB/hr. Perlakuan diberikan selama 2 bulan. Variabel yang diukur adalah berat badan, kadar kolesterol total, kadar hidrogen peroksida (H2O2) dan histopatologi aorta. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA satu arah. Berat badan tikus antarkelompok tidak berbeda bermakna pada awal dan akhir perlakuan. Kadar kolesterol total antarkelompok berbeda bermakna, dengan kadar kolesterol total pada tikus kelompok III lebih rendah secara bermakna daripada kelompok I dan II. Kadar H2O2 antarkelompok berbeda bermakna, dengan kadar H2O2) pada tikus kelompok II lebih tinggi secara bermakna daripada kelompok I dan III. Pada pemeriksaan histopatologi, lesi aterosklerotik ditemukan pada kelompok II dan III. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian captopril dapat mencegah stres oksidatif pada tikus Wistar jantan dengan diet tinggi lemak.