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1. Chapter Porous ZnO Nanostructures Synthesized by Microwave Hydrothermal Method for Energy Harvesting Applications

Author

Dos Santos, Andreia, Henriques Ferreira, Sofia, Rovisco, Ana, Águas, Hugo, Igreja, Rui, Barquinha, Pedro, Fortunato, Elvira, and Martins, Rodrigo

Subjects
Materials science, thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
Abstract

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Published
2021
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2. Smart textile lighting/display system with multifunctional fibre devices for large scale smart home and IoT applications

Author

Choi, Hyung Woo, Shin, Dong-Wook, Yang, Jiajie, Lee, Sanghyo, Figueiredo, Cátia, Sinopoli, Stefano, Ullrich, Kay, Jovančić, Petar, Marrani, Alessio, Momentè, Roberto, Gomes, João, Branquinho, Rita, Emanuele, Umberto, Lee, Hanleem, Bang, Sang Yun, Jung, Sung-Min, Han, Soo Deok, Zhan, Shijie, Harden-Chaters, William, Suh, Yo-Han, Fan, Xiang-Bing, Lee, Tae Hoon, Chowdhury, Mohamed, Choi, Youngjin, Nicotera, Salvatore, Torchia, Andrea, Moncunill, Francesc Mañosa, Candel, Virginia Garcia, Durães, Nelson, Chang, Kiseok, Cho, Sunghee, Kim, Chul-Hong, Lucassen, Marcel, Nejim, Ahmed, Jiménez, David, Springer, Martijn, Lee, Young-Woo, Cha, SeungNam, Sohn, Jung Inn, Igreja, Rui, Song, Kyungmin, Barquinha, Pedro, Martins, Rodrigo, Amaratunga, Gehan A. J., Occhipinti, Luigi G., Chhowalla, Manish, and Kim, Jong Min

Published
2022
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6. 22‐4: Invited Paper: Fiber‐Like Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors for Large‐Area Smart Textile Systems.

Author

Barquinha, Pedro, Figueiredo, Cátia, Igreja, Rui, Pinto, Joana, Martins, Rodrigo, Momentè, Roberto, Jovancic, Petar, Lee, Sanghyo, Choi, Hyung Woo, Occhipinti, Luigi, and Kim, Jong Min

Subjects
ELECTROTEXTILES, ELECTRONIC equipment, FLEXIBLE electronics, ELECTRONIC systems, SUBSTRATES (Materials science)
Abstract

This work demonstrates flexible and textile electronic concepts bridged to create innovative and free form factor textile electronic systems. In particular, it focuses on oxide thin‐film transistor development on fiber‐like polymeric substrates to assure compatibility with weaving processes and interconnectivity with other fiber‐based electronic components. By process tuning and device engineering, similar performance to oxide TFTs on glass was achieved, even under a low thermal budget (sub‐200 °C). Integration capability is demonstrated through a rollable 46" smart textile lighting system, able to display variable information provided by an external stimuli detection through fiber‐based devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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9. Truly form-factor–free industrially scalable system integration for electronic textile architectures with multifunctional fiber devices

Author

Lee, Sanghyo, primary, Choi, Hyung Woo, additional, Figueiredo, Cátia Lopes, additional, Shin, Dong-Wook, additional, Moncunill, Francesc Mañosa, additional, Ullrich, Kay, additional, Sinopoli, Stefano, additional, Jovančić, Petar, additional, Yang, Jiajie, additional, Lee, Hanleem, additional, Eisenreich, Martin, additional, Emanuele, Umberto, additional, Nicotera, Salvatore, additional, Santos, Angelo, additional, Igreja, Rui, additional, Marrani, Alessio, additional, Momentè, Roberto, additional, Gomes, João, additional, Jung, Sung-Min, additional, Han, Soo Deok, additional, Bang, Sang Yun, additional, Zhan, Shijie, additional, Harden-Chaters, William, additional, Suh, Yo-Han, additional, Fan, Xiang-Bing, additional, Lee, Tae Hoon, additional, Jo, Jeong-Wan, additional, Kim, Yoonwoo, additional, Costantino, Antonino, additional, Candel, Virginia Garcia, additional, Durães, Nelson, additional, Meyer, Sebastian, additional, Kim, Chul-Hong, additional, Lucassen, Marcel, additional, Nejim, Ahmed, additional, Jiménez, David, additional, Springer, Martijn, additional, Lee, Young-Woo, additional, An, Geon-Hyoung, additional, Choi, Youngjin, additional, Sohn, Jung Inn, additional, Cha, SeungNam, additional, Chhowalla, Manish, additional, Amaratunga, Gehan A. J., additional, Occhipinti, Luigi G., additional, Barquinha, Pedro, additional, Fortunato, Elvira, additional, Martins, Rodrigo, additional, and Kim, Jong Min, additional

Published
2023
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10. 22‐4: Invited Paper:Fiber‐Like Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors for Large‐Area Smart Textile Systems

Author

Barquinha, Pedro, Figueiredo, Cátia, Igreja, Rui, Pinto, Joana, Martins, Rodrigo, Momentè, Roberto, Jovancic, Petar, Lee, Sanghyo, Choi, Hyung Woo, Occhipinti, Luigi, and Kim, Jong Min

Abstract

This work demonstrates flexible and textile electronic concepts bridged to create innovative and free form factor textile electronic systems. In particular, it focuses on oxide thin‐film transistor development on fiber‐like polymeric substrates to assure compatibility with weaving processes and interconnectivity with other fiber‐based electronic components. By process tuning and device engineering, similar performance to oxide TFTs on glass was achieved, even under a low thermal budget (sub‐200 °C). Integration capability is demonstrated through a rollable 46” smart textile lighting system, able to display variable information provided by an external stimuli detection through fiber‐based devices.

Published
2024
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11. Open-source tool for real-time and automated analysis of droplet-based microfluidic.

Author

Neto, Joana P., Mota, Ana, Lopes, Gonçalo, Coelho, Beatriz J., Frazão, João, Moura, André T., Oliveira, Beatriz, Sieira, Bárbara, Fernandes, José, Fortunato, Elvira, Martins, Rodrigo, Igreja, Rui, Baptista, Pedro V., and Águas, Hugo

Subjects
MICROFLUIDICS, MICROFLUIDIC analytical techniques, DROPLET measurement, MICROFLUIDIC devices, PROGRAMMING languages
Abstract

Droplet-based microfluidic technology is a powerful tool for generating large numbers of monodispersed nanoliter-sized droplets for ultra-high throughput screening of molecules or single cells. Yet further progress in the development of methods for the real-time detection and measurement of passing droplets is needed for achieving fully automated systems and ultimately scalability. Existing droplet monitoring technologies are either difficult to implement by non-experts or require complex experimentation setups. Moreover, commercially available monitoring equipment is expensive and therefore limited to a few laboratories worldwide. In this work, we validated for the first time an easy-to-use, open-source Bonsai visual programming language to accurately measure in real-time droplets generated in a microfluidic device. With this method, droplets are found and characterized from bright-field images with high processing speed. We used off-the-shelf components to achieve an optical system that allows sensitive image-based, label-free, and cost-effective monitoring. As a test of its use we present the results, in terms of droplet radius, circulation speed and production frequency, of our method and compared its performance with that of the widely-used ImageJ software. Moreover, we show that similar results are obtained regardless of the degree of expertise. Finally, our goal is to provide a robust, simple to integrate, and user-friendly tool for monitoring droplets, capable of helping researchers to get started in the laboratory immediately, even without programming experience, enabling analysis and reporting of droplet data in real-time and closed-loop experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. Cellulose: A Contribution for the Zero e‐Waste Challenge

Author

Nandy, Suman, primary, Goswami, Sumita, additional, Marques, Ana, additional, Gaspar, Diana, additional, Grey, Paul, additional, Cunha, Inês, additional, Nunes, Daniela, additional, Pimentel, Ana, additional, Igreja, Rui, additional, Barquinha, Pedro, additional, Pereira, Luís, additional, Fortunato, Elvira, additional, and Martins, Rodrigo, additional

Published
2021
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20. Transduction mechanisms, micro-structuring techniques, and applications of electronic skin pressure sensors: A review of recent advances

Author

Santos, Andreia Dos, Fortunato, Elvira, Martins, Rodrigo, Águas, Hugo, Igreja, Rui, DCM - Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, and CENIMAT-i3N - Centro de Investigação de Materiais (Lab. Associado I3N)

Subjects
Pressure sensors, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Micro-structuring, Human-machine-interfaces, Health monitoring, Functional prosthesis, Robotics, Electronic skin, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Biochemistry, Instrumentation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Analytical Chemistry
Abstract

PD/BD/105876/2014 Electronic skin (e-skin), which is an electronic surrogate of human skin, aims to recreate the multifunctionality of skin by using sensing units to detect multiple stimuli, while keeping key features of skin such as low thickness, stretchability, flexibility, and conformability. One of the most important stimuli to be detected is pressure due to its relevance in a plethora of applications, from health monitoring to functional prosthesis, robotics, and human-machine-interfaces (HMI). The performance of these e-skin pressure sensors is tailored, typically through micro-structuring techniques (such as photolithography, unconventional molds, incorporation of naturally micro-structured materials, laser engraving, amongst others) to achieve high sensitivities (commonly above 1 kPa−1), which is mostly relevant for health monitoring applications, or to extend the linearity of the behavior over a larger pressure range (from few Pa to 100 kPa), an important feature for functional prosthesis. Hence, this review intends to give a generalized view over the most relevant highlights in the development and micro-structuring of e-skin pressure sensors, while contributing to update the field with the most recent research. A special emphasis is devoted to the most employed pressure transduction mechanisms, namely capacitance, piezoelectricity, piezoresistivity, and triboelectricity, as well as to materials and novel techniques more recently explored to innovate the field and bring it a step closer to general adoption by society. publishersversion published

Published
2020

23. Analysis of the thermally stimulated discharge current around glass-rubber transition temperature in polyethylene terephthalate

Author

Neagu, Eugen R., Marat-Mendes, Jose N., Das-Gupta, Dilip K., Neagu, Rodica M., and Igreja, Rui

Subjects
Thermal analysis -- Research, Electric discharges -- Research, Polyethylene terephthalate -- Research, Physics
Abstract

An analysis of the nature of the thermally stimulated discharge current for polyethylene terephthalate samples in the temperature range from room temperature to above glass-rubber transition temperature of the amorphous phase is conducted. The well conditioning of the sample is important to have a good reproducibility and accuracy of results. Results show that the current is mainly determined by the space-charge released form the traps that are likely continuously distributed in energy.

Published
1997

30. Multifunctional microfluidic chip for optical nanoprobe based RNA detection - application to Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Author

Urbano Alves, Pedro, Vinhas, Raquel, Fernandes, Alexandra R., Zuhal Birol, Semra, Trabzon, Levent, Bernacka-Wojcik, Iwona, Igreja, Rui, Lopes, Paulo, Viana Baptista, Pedro, Aguas, Hugo, Fortunato, Elvira, Martins, Rodrigo, Urbano Alves, Pedro, Vinhas, Raquel, Fernandes, Alexandra R., Zuhal Birol, Semra, Trabzon, Levent, Bernacka-Wojcik, Iwona, Igreja, Rui, Lopes, Paulo, Viana Baptista, Pedro, Aguas, Hugo, Fortunato, Elvira, and Martins, Rodrigo

Abstract

Many diseases have their treatment options narrowed and end up being fatal if detected during later stages. As a consequence, point-of-care devices have an increasing importance for routine screening applications in the health sector due to their portability, fast analyses and decreased cost. For that purpose, a multifunctional chip was developed and tested using gold nanoprobes to perform RNA optical detection inside a microfluidic chip without the need of molecular amplification steps. As a proof-of-concept, this device was used for the rapid detection of chronic myeloid leukemia, a hemato-oncological disease that would benefit from early stage diagnostics and screening tests. The chip passively mixed target RNA from samples, gold nanoprobes and saline solution to infer a result from their final colorimetric properties. An optical fiber network was used to evaluate its transmitted spectra inside the chip. Trials provided accurate output results within 3 min, yielding signal-to-noise ratios up to 9 dB. When compared to actual state-of-art screening techniques of chronic myeloid leukemia, these results were, at microscale, at least 10 times faster than the reported detection methods for chronic myeloid leukemia. Concerning point-of-care applications, this work paves the way for other new and more complex versions of optical based genosensors., Funding Agencies|FEDER funds through the COMPETE Programme; FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007688, UID/CTM/50025/2013]; project DISERTOX [PTDC/CTM-NAN/2912/2014]; Unidade de Ciencias Biomoleculares Aplicadas - UCIBIO - FCT/MCTES [UID/Multi/04378/2013]; ERDF [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007728, PD/BD/52211/2013]

Published
2018
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31. Digital microfluidics for nucleic acid amplification

Author

Coelho, Beatriz, Veigas, Bruno, Fortunato, Elvira, Martins, Rodrigo, Águas, Hugo, Igreja, Rui, Baptista, Pedro V., DCM - Departamento de Ciência dos Materiais, CENIMAT-i3N - Centro de Investigação de Materiais (Lab. Associado I3N), UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, and DCV - Departamento de Ciências da Vida

Subjects
Digital microfluidics, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Point-of-care diagnostics, Nucleic acid amplification, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Biochemistry, Instrumentation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Analytical Chemistry
Abstract

This work was funded by FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Program (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007728). BV thanks SFRH/BPD/124311/2016. PVB thanksWater JPI Proj TRACE (Ref 281715). Digital Microfluidics (DMF) has emerged as a disruptive methodology for the control and manipulation of low volume droplets. In DMF, each droplet acts as a single reactor, which allows for extensive multiparallelization of biological and chemical reactions at a much smaller scale. DMF devices open entirely new and promising pathways for multiplex analysis and reaction occurring in a miniaturized format, thus allowing for healthcare decentralization from major laboratories to point-of-care with accurate, robust and inexpensive molecular diagnostics. Here, we shall focus on DMF platforms specifically designed for nucleic acid amplification, which is key for molecular diagnostics of several diseases and conditions, from pathogen identification to cancer mutations detection. Particular attention will be given to the device architecture, materials and nucleic acid amplification applications in validated settings. publishersversion published

Published
2017

35. Multifunctional microfluidic chip for optical nanoprobe based RNA detection – application to Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Author

Alves, Pedro Urbano, primary, Vinhas, Raquel, additional, Fernandes, Alexandra R., additional, Birol, Semra Zuhal, additional, Trabzon, Levent, additional, Bernacka-Wojcik, Iwona, additional, Igreja, Rui, additional, Lopes, Paulo, additional, Baptista, Pedro Viana, additional, Águas, Hugo, additional, Fortunato, Elvira, additional, and Martins, Rodrigo, additional

Published
2018
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39. Piezoelectricity Enhancement of Nanogenerators Based on PDMS and ZnSnO3Nanowires through Microstructuration

Author

Rovisco, Ana, dos Santos, Andreia, Cramer, Tobias, Martins, Jorge, Branquinho, Rita, Águas, Hugo, Fraboni, Beatrice, Fortunato, Elvira, Martins, Rodrigo, Igreja, Rui, and Barquinha, Pedro

Abstract

The current trend for smart, self-sustainable, and multifunctional technology demands for the development of energy harvesters based on widely available and environmentally friendly materials. In this context, ZnSnO3nanostructures show promising potential because of their high polarization, which can be explored in piezoelectric devices. Nevertheless, a pure phase of ZnSnO3is hard to achieve because of its metastability, and obtaining it in the form of nanowires is even more challenging. Although some groups have already reported the mixing of ZnSnO3nanostructures with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to produce a nanogenerator, the resultant polymeric film is usually flat and does not take advantage of an enhanced piezoelectric contribution achieved through its microstructuration. Herein, a microstructured composite of nanowires synthesized by a seed-layer free hydrothermal route mixed with PDMS (ZnSnO3@PDMS) is proposed to produce nanogenerators. PFM measurements show a clear enhancement of d33for single ZnSnO3versus ZnO nanowires (23 ± 4 pm/V vs 9 ± 2 pm/V). The microstructuration introduced herein results in an enhancement of the piezoelectric effect of the ZnSnO3nanowires, enabling nanogenerators with an output voltage, current, and instantaneous power density of 120 V, 13 μA, and 230 μW·cm–2, respectively. Even using an active area smaller than 1 cm2, the performance of this nanogenerator enables lighting up multiple LEDs and other small electronic devices, thus proving great potential for wearables and portable electronics.

Published
2020
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40. Hybrid Microfluidic Platform for Multifactorial Analysis Based on Electrical Impedance, Refractometry, Optical Absorption and Fluorescence

Author

Pereira, Fabio M., Bernacka-Wojcik, Iwona, Rodrigues Ribeiro, Rita S., Teresa Lobato, Maria, Fortunato, Elvira, Martins, Rodrigo, Igreja, Rui, Jorge, Pedro A. S., Aguas, Hugo, Martin Gonzalez Oliva, Abel, Pereira, Fabio M., Bernacka-Wojcik, Iwona, Rodrigues Ribeiro, Rita S., Teresa Lobato, Maria, Fortunato, Elvira, Martins, Rodrigo, Igreja, Rui, Jorge, Pedro A. S., Aguas, Hugo, and Martin Gonzalez Oliva, Abel

Abstract

This paper describes the development of a novel microfluidic platform for multifactorial analysis integrating four label-free detection methods: electrical impedance, refractometry, optical absorption and fluorescence. We present the rationale for the design and the details of the microfabrication of this multifactorial hybrid microfluidic chip. The structure of the platform consists of a three-dimensionally patterned polydimethylsiloxane top part attached to a bottom SU-8 epoxy-based negative photoresist part, where microelectrodes and optical fibers are incorporated to enable impedance and optical analysis. As a proof of concept, the chip functions have been tested and explored, enabling a diversity of applications: (i) impedance-based identification of the size of micro beads, as well as counting and distinguishing of erythrocytes by their volume or membrane properties; (ii) simultaneous determination of the refractive index and optical absorption properties of solutions; and (iii) fluorescence-based bead counting., Funding Agencies|FEDER funds through the COMPETE 2020 Programme; National Funds through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [UID/CTM/50025/2013, PTDC/SAU-BEB/102247/2008]; project "Project" NanoSTIMA: Macro-to-Nano Human Sensing: Towards Integrated Multimodal Health Monitoring and Analytics - North Portugal Regional Operational Programme [NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000016]; European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); North Portugal Regional Operational Program under the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF), through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000058]; national funds, through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT

Published
2016
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41. Processing and characterization of sol-gel derived modified PbTiO3for ferroelectric composites

Author

Dias Carlos, Marat-Mendes José, and Igreja Rui

Subjects
Materials science, Dielectric, Condensed Matter Physics, Piezoelectricity, Ferroelectricity, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Pyroelectricity, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, visual_art, Volume fraction, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Ceramic, Lead titanate, Composite material, Sol-gel
Abstract

The aim of this work is the preparation and characterisation of ferroelectric polymer/ceramic composites for use as piezoelectric and pyroelectric detectors. We have developed a sol-gel technique for the preparation of lead titanate and modified lead titanate ceramic powders (with calcium and manganese). The preparation of the ferroelectric ceramic powders by the sol-gel technique allows one to obtain pure ceramic powders with controlled morphology. 0-3 composites are made by dispersing ceramic powders on a P(VDF-TrFE) matrix with a volume fraction of 50%. We have prepared composite films with 100 μm thickness with aluminium electrodes on both surfaces, to study their electric, dielectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties. The electro-active properties obtained for these composites seem promising for sensor applications.

Published
1999

44. Single nucleotide polymorphism detection using gold nanoprobes and bio-microfluidic platform with embedded microlenses

Author

Bernacka-Wojcik, Iwona, primary, Águas, Hugo, additional, Carlos, Fabio Ferreira, additional, Lopes, Paulo, additional, Wojcik, Pawel Jerzy, additional, Costa, Mafalda Nascimento, additional, Veigas, Bruno, additional, Igreja, Rui, additional, Fortunato, Elvira, additional, Baptista, Pedro Viana, additional, and Martins, Rodrigo, additional

Published
2015
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45. Numerical simulation of the filling and curing stages in reaction injection moulding, using CFX

Author

Igreja, Rui Alexandre Aires da Trindade and Costa, Vítor António Ferreira da

Subjects
Moldagem por injecção, Engenharia mecânica, Transferência de calor, Simulação numérica
Abstract

Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica Os métodos habitualmente utilizados para a simulação de injecção em moldes envolvem um número considerável de simplificações, originando reduções significativas do esforço computacional mas, nalguns casos também limitações. Neste trabalho são efectuadas simulações de Reaction Injection Moulding (RIM) com o mínimo de simplificações, através da utilização do software de CFD multi-objectivos CFX, concebido para a simulação numérica de escoamentos e transferência de calor e massa. Verifica-se que o modelo homogéneo para escoamentos multifásicos do CFX, geralmente considerado o apropriado para a modelação de escoamentos de superfície livre em que as fases estão completamente estratificadas, é incapaz de modelar correctamente o processo de enchimento. Este problema é ultrapassado através da implementação do modelo não homogéneo juntamente com a condição de fronteira de escorregamento livre para o ar. A reacção de cura é implementada no código como uma equação de transporte para uma variável escalar adicional, com um termo fonte. São testados vários esquemas transitórios e advectivos, com vista ao reconhecimentos de quais os que produzem os resultados mais precisos. Finalmente, as equações de conservação de massa, quantidade de movimento, cura e energia são implementadas conjuntamente para simular os processos simultâneos de enchimento e cura presentes no processo RIM. Os resultados numéricos obtidos reproduzem com boa fidelidade outros resultados numéricos e experimentais disponíveis, sendo necessários no entanto tempos de computação consideravelmente longos para efectuar as simulações. ABSTRACT: Commonly used methods for injection moulding simulation involve considerable number of simplifications, leading to a significant reduction of the computational effort but, in some cases also to limitations. In this work, Reaction Injection Moulding (RIM) simulations are performed with minimum of simplifications, by using the general purpose CFD software package CFX, designed for numerical simulation of fluid flow and heat and mass transfer. The CFX’s homogeneous multiphase flow model, which is generally considered to be the appropriate choice for modelling free surface flows where the phases are completely stratified and the interface is well defined, is shown to be unable to model the filling process correctly. This problem is overcome through the implementation of the inhomogeneous model in combination with the free-slip boundary condition for the air phase. The cure reaction is implemented in the code as a transport equation for an additional scalar variable, with a source term. Various transient and advection schemes are tested to determine which ones produce the most accurate results. Finally, the mass conservation, momentum, cure and energy equations are implemented all together to simulate the simultaneous filling and curing processes present in the RIM process. The obtained numerical results show a good global accuracy when compared with other available numerical and experimental results, though considerably long computation times are required to perform the simulations.

Published
2007

46. Hybrid Microfluidic Platform for Multifactorial Analysis Based on Electrical Impedance, Refractometry, Optical Absorption and Fluorescence.

Author

Bernacka-Wojcik, Iwona, Lobato, Maria Teresa, Fortunato, Elvira, Martins, Rodrigo, Igreja, Rui, Águas, Hugo, Pereira, Fábio M., Gonzalez Oliva, Abel Martin, Rodrigues Ribeiro, Rita S., and Jorge, Pedro A. S.

Subjects
MICROFLUIDIC devices, ELECTRIC impedance, IMPEDANCE spectroscopy
Abstract

This paper describes the development of a novel microfluidic platform for multifactorial analysis integrating four label-free detection methods: electrical impedance, refractometry, optical absorption and fluorescence. We present the rationale for the design and the details of the microfabrication of this multifactorial hybrid microfluidic chip. The structure of the platform consists of a three-dimensionally patterned polydimethylsiloxane top part attached to a bottom SU-8 epoxy-based negative photoresist part, where microelectrodes and optical fibers are incorporated to enable impedance and optical analysis. As a proof of concept, the chip functions have been tested and explored, enabling a diversity of applications: (i) impedance-based identification of the size of micro beads, as well as counting and distinguishing of erythrocytes by their volume or membrane properties; (ii) simultaneous determination of the refractive index and optical absorption properties of solutions; and (iii) fluorescence-based bead counting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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