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3. Does financial flexibility drive firm's risk‐taking in emerging markets? The moderating role of investment efficiency.

Author

Bagh, Tanveer, Khan, Muhammad Asif, Naseer, Mirza Muhammad, and Iftikhar, Kainat

Subjects
EMERGING markets, MOMENTS method (Statistics), RELATIONSHIP marketing, BUSINESS enterprises
Abstract

Using a sample of 2301 listed firms from emerging markets for 2014–2023, we examine the effect of financial flexibility (FF) on firm risk‐taking (FRT) and how this relationship is moderated by investment efficiency (INVEFF). GMM and bias‐corrected method of moments models indicate a positive impact of FF on FRT. Notably, INVEFF emerges as a significant moderator, influencing the FF–FRT relationship. High INVEFF strategically amplifies the effect of FF on FRT. Robustness analysis ensures the stability of study findings. This study contributes valuable insights to the nuanced understanding of the FF–FRT relationship in emerging markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Contributors

Author

Abdullah, Mohd Azmuddin, primary, Afzal, Muhammad, additional, Ahmad, Mushtaq, additional, Ahmad, Sadaf, additional, Ahmed, Sidra Nisar, additional, Ahmed, Syed Riaz, additional, Akhtar, Majid Niaz, additional, Akram, Abida, additional, Alañón, María Elena, additional, Ali, Zulfiqar, additional, Ashraf, Asma, additional, Azeem, Farrukh, additional, Batool, Riffat, additional, Cecilia, Juan A., additional, Chaudhary, Muhammad Fahad, additional, de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea, María, additional, del Carmen Villegas-Aguilar, María, additional, Dolzhenko, Anton V., additional, Fernández-Ochoa, Álvaro, additional, García-Sancho, Cristina, additional, Gharabeiki, Ariga, additional, Haider, Ali, additional, Hayat, Samreen, additional, Hussain, Sabir, additional, Hussein, Hanaa Ali, additional, Iftikhar, Kainat, additional, Ijaz, Usman, additional, Imran, Muhammad, additional, Irshad, Aamna, additional, Jiménez-Gómez, Carmen P., additional, Kanwal, Hira, additional, Kargari, Ali, additional, Kilic, Omer, additional, Leyva-Jiménez, Francisco Javier, additional, Maireles-Torres, Pedro, additional, Mandal, Peetam, additional, Maqbool, Fareeha, additional, Mehmood, Iqra, additional, Muzammil, Aqsa, additional, Muzammil, Saima, additional, Nadeem, Habib Ullah, additional, Nazir, Muhammad Shahid, additional, Nnamani, Daniel Okwudili, additional, Onyekere, Peculiar Feenna, additional, Peculiar-Onyekere, Chioma Obianuju, additional, Pimentel-Moral, Sandra, additional, Rasheed, Asima, additional, Rasool, Danish, additional, Rasul, Ijaz, additional, Riaz, Fatima, additional, Saha, Mitali, additional, Samra, Hafeez, additional, Segura-Carretero, Antonio, additional, Shafique, Aimen, additional, Shahzad, Tanvir, additional, Siddique, Muhammad Hussnain, additional, Sultana, Shazia, additional, Uzor, Philip F., additional, Waris, Karistofar, additional, Waseem, Muhammad, additional, Yaseen, Ghulam, additional, Zafar, Muhammad, additional, and Zubair, Muhammad, additional

Published
2021
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6. Olive oil

Author

Muzammil, Saima, primary, Kanwal, Hira, additional, Shahzad, Tanvir, additional, Hussain, Sabir, additional, Nadeem, Habib Ullah, additional, Rasul, Ijaz, additional, Imran, Muhammad, additional, Afzal, Muhammad, additional, Iftikhar, Kainat, additional, and Siddique, Muhammad Hussnain, additional

Published
2021
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7. Applications of biosolvents in environmental remediation

Author

Iftikhar, Kainat, primary, Muzammil, Saima, additional, Nadeem, Habib Ullah, additional, Azeem, Farrukh, additional, Rasul, Ijaz, additional, Zubair, Muhammad, additional, Imran, Muhammad, additional, Afzal, Muhammad, additional, and Siddique, Muhammad Hussnain, additional

Published
2021
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10. Impact of Trade Policy Uncertainty and Sustainable Development on Medical Innovation for Developed Countries: An Application of DID Approach.

Author

Shabbir, Muhammad Nadir, Arshad, Muhammad Usman, Alvi, Muhammad Amir, and Iftikhar, Kainat

Abstract

Covering the period from 1980 through 2020, with an emphasis on COVID-19, this paper analyzes how trade policy uncertainty and sustainable development policies affected investment in medical innovation. In a twofold difference-in-differences (DiD) approach, using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL), the paper takes account of exogenous and heterogeneous exposure to trade policy uncertainty and trade policy adjustment in developing nations, which limited tariff increases on imported products. Both long- and short-term effects have been analyzed. Beyond patent applications, margin responses, and exports, the study indicates that eliminating tariff uncertainty boosts innovation. Developing countries have had little effect on the long-term ramifications of sectoral innovation patterns, political shifts, and imported technology. A negative response to the innovation shock and a positive response by R&D corroborate bidirectional and unidirectional causality, respectively. They demonstrate a long-term link between medical innovation, trade policy uncertainty, and R&D spending. As regards sustainable development, GDP growth and HDI have positive, and GINI index and CO2 emissions, have negative long-run relations with medical innovation. This study contributes to the literature on innovation and policy uncertainty together with sustainable development factors in developed countries, and especially on innovation trends in the medical sector, where there is a current policy ambiguity regarding the influx of foreign technology and its significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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11. Chapter 2 - Olive oil

Author

Muzammil, Saima, Kanwal, Hira, Shahzad, Tanvir, Hussain, Sabir, Nadeem, Habib Ullah, Rasul, Ijaz, Imran, Muhammad, Afzal, Muhammad, Iftikhar, Kainat, and Siddique, Muhammad Hussnain

Published
2021
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14. Potential of Indigenous Plants for Skin Healing and Care

Author

Javed, Anum, Usman, Muhammad, Muneeb Haider, Syed, Zafar, Bilal, Iftikhar, Kainat, Ul-Haq, Inzmam, Javed, Anum, Usman, Muhammad, Muneeb Haider, Syed, Zafar, Bilal, Iftikhar, Kainat, and Ul-Haq, Inzmam

Abstract

The outer protective layer of body is skin which not only guards it from external fluctuations and effects but also performs its thermoregulation. Its functioning may get affected due to several factors like dermal wounds, injuries, aging and many other disorders. These dermal ailments can be cured with the help of indigenous flora to get economical pharamcognosal benefits with no side effects which is a serious concern of synthetic drugs now days. Furthermore, research efforts are necessary for their proper dose optimization and administration to achieve low cost and side effects free pharamcognosal skin cure and care gains.

Published
2019

15. Contributors

Author

Abd-Talib, Norfahana, Abdullah, Mohd Azmuddin, Abidin, Muhammad Hissammudin Shah Zainal, Afzal, Muhammad, Asli, Umi Aisah, Azeem, Farrukh, Azman, Nur Raudhah, Bahamid, Abdulaziz Ahmed Abobakr, Benvenuti, Jaqueline, Bucio, Emilio, Bustamante-Torres, Moisés, da Silva, William Leonardo, dos Santos, João Henrique Zimnoch, El Hamd, Mohamed A., El-Maghrabey, Mahmoud, El-Shaheny, Rania, Heidari, Setareh, Hidalgo-Bonilla, Sandra, Hussein, Hanaa Ali, Iftikhar, Kainat, Imran, Muhammad, Kargari, Ali, Kishikawa, Naoya, Kumaravel, Sangeetha, Kundu, Subrata, Kuroda, Naotaka, Len, Kelly Yong Tau, Muzammil, Saima, Nadeem, Habib Ullah, Nazir, Muhammad Shahid, Pa’ee, Khairul Faizal, Palvasha, Bushra Anees, Rasul, Ijaz, Rezaei, Farnoush Sadat, Romero-Fierro, David, Sadaf-ul-Hassan, Sadatshojaei, Erfan, Sakaria, Nor Dina, Siddique, Muhammad Hussnain, Solaiappan, Vishali, Stawiński, Wojciech, Tahir, Zaman, Thiruvengetam, Prabaharan, Tian, Guocai, Wood, David A., and Zubair, Muhammad

Published
2021
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