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Dans les récits de Leonora Miano, notamment “L’intérieur de la nuit”, “Contours du jour qui vient” et “Saison de l’ombre”, les sujets féminins n’ont aucune destination précise. Car leur parcours incertain participe à construire une identité dysphorique, une identité fissurée. De ce fait, leur mobilité spatio-temporelle combinée à l’incertitude de leur devenir provoque la dispersion et la transfiguration identitaire. Cette mobilité transfrontalière impose aux personnages la reconfiguration de leur identité. Dès lors, les personnages Ayané, Musango et Eyabe, dans cette reconstruction, errent, marchent et se dispersent. Dans cet article, nous cherchons à montrer comment l’incertitude provoque chez les personnages féminins une envie permanente de bouger. Afin de mieux apprécier les transformations identitaires chez Miano, nous ferons recours à la géocritique de Bertrand Westphal. Cette grille d’analyse permet d’examiner leurs parcours et de déterminer le lien existant entre espace-temps et identité. Notre analyse consiste essentiellement à déterminer les formes de vie transgressive ainsi que le parcours identitaire des personnages féminins.

This feminist-oriented text revolves around methodological discussions regarding women's participation in different wars, specifically their writing processes within the context of armed conflicts. These reflections shed light on how certain nations shape gendered mechanisms of exclusion and inclusion, which, when undergoing social crises, produce experiences, junctures, ruptures, and continuities at the borders that individuals and societies can (or cannot) cross. Subsequently, the text analyzes how certain studies on wars position women as subjects who strategically act and construct their identities, environments, and narratives through the written word, both at a personal, societal, political, and activist level. By problematizing the relationship between war, nation, gender, and writing, it is revealed how gender, both masculine and feminine, is moulded, (re)produced, and (re)defined, and how it naturalizes, justifies, and legitimizes the existence of wars and nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans le schème d'une histoire globale, cet article propose d'étudier la vie et la carrière sportive du marathonien Abebe Bikila au regard des transformations socio-culturelles de la décennie soixante. Pour ce faire, l'étude emprunte à un vaste panel de sources secondaires, à la presse d'époque, ainsi qu'aux archives du Comité international olympique. Elle s'articule autour de trois échelles d'analyse: l'individu et son réseau; les nations et leurs identités; l'Olympisme et la mondialisation. L'Ethiopien apparaît alors comme le symbole d'un nouvel ordre olympique, porté par la densification des échanges/transferts culturels, l'affirmation d'identités nationales renouvelées et l'internationalisation du CIO. À ce titre, l'histoire d'Abebe Bikila – athlète et témoin de son temps – est aussi celle d'une globalisation culturelle accélérée à l'aube du Second XXe siècle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article est consacré à l’analyse d’un ensemble de pratiques, identitaires et territoriales, ayant cours dans la localité des Andes colombiennes de Guamal, dans le nord-ouest du département de Caldas. Elle se fonde sur un travail ethnographique et documentaire mené entre 2013 et 2019. La communauté de Guamal, dont les membres sont dans leur majorité descendants d’esclaves de l’époque coloniale, se trouve sous la juridiction du Cabildo de Cañamomo Lomaprieta, en un territoire reconnu officiellement comme resguardo indigène. L’objectif principal de cet écrit, fondé sur une dispute qui nait dans le cadre d’un conflit de famille, est de saisir la manière dont les contours des identités (collectives, ethniques, communautaires ou individuelles) et des territoires se dessinent mutuellement. Vingt-huit ans après la promulgation de la Constitution politique colombienne de 1991, les groupes se sont appropriés le multiculturalisme qu’elle instaure, modifiant une fois de plus les frontières territoriales et identitaires. La confrontation de différents types d’autorités a configuré localement un modèle de gestion territoriale particulier, caractérisé par d’éventuels chevauchements ou ambiguïtés juridiques et politiques. Certaines catégories récentes sont appropriées et resignifiées. Les identités revendiquées s’imbriquent, générant des configurations sociales, relationnelles et territoriales inédites.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo el análisis de un conjunto de prácticas, identitarias y territoriales, que tienen lugar en la localidad andina colombiana de Guamal en el noroccidente caldense. La investigación etnográfica y documental se desarrolló entre los años 2013 y 2019. La comunidad de Guamal, cuyos miembros son en su mayoría descendientes de los esclavos del periodo colonial, habita bajo la jurisdicción del Cabildo de Cañamomo Lomaprieta en un territorio reconocido como resguardo indígena. El objetivo principal de esta narración es hacer evidente la manera en que los contornos de las identidades (colectivas, étnicas, comunitarias e individuales) y de las territorialidades se dibujan mutuamente. Tras 28 años de la promulgación de la Constitución política colombiana de 1991 los grupos han apropiado el multiculturalismo por ella instaurado, modificando una vez más las fronteras territoriales e identitarias. El encuentro entre diferentes tipos de autoridades ha configurado localmente un modelo de gestión territorial particular, que se caracteriza por eventuales traslapes y ambigüedades jurídicas y políticas. Asimismo, algunas categorías con orígenes más recientes son apropiadas y al mismo tiempo resignificadas, lo que produce una imbricación de las identidades reivindicadas y genera nuevas configuraciones sociales, relacionales y territoriales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of this study, we developed a survey in which we focus on employees' experience of inclusion in their workplaces. We assessed the impact of equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) policies on the respondents' perceptions of the workplace. Our results indicated that organizations with EDI policies are more likely to be perceived as positive work environments. Moreover, we find that the perception of the workplace differs according to individuals and their identities. These results confirm, on the one hand, that the development of EDI policies is worthwhile. On the other hand, employers must pay more attention to their employees' experiences in order to better understand their realities, particularly with regard to the various identities (perceived, real or supposed) and associated stigmas and stereotypes. The narrative component of our survey provides an overview of elements that are critical to understanding the issues that we investigated, but that are often missing from traditional surveys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Référence : Zakaria Ali-Bencherif, Mohamed & Mehieddine, Azzeddine (dirs), 2022, Langues, Discours et Identités au prisme des réseaux sociaux numériques, Paris, Éd. EME, Coll. Proximités Sociolinguistique et langue française, 4 avril 2022, 226 pages

This article takes a reflexive look at the dilemmas and challenges of accessing a predominantly male circle of political and nongovernmental elites in the Central African Republic from the perspective of a young Black African male student researcher. It focuses on questions of positionality, arguing that certain African social norms regarding seniority and hierarchy can affect data generation, specifically access and interactions within interviews. The article argues that the author's identities as a student and researcher complicated access to male and senior elite interviewees during field research, thus illustrating anew how diasporic Africans might experience the field research exercise differently even if accessing elites is generally a difficult exercise. This article contributes to understanding power differentials among interviewers, including differences among students and researchers, and the influence of race during fieldwork by African scholars. This is within an emerging literature on fieldwork that focuses on graduate students in International Relations and Comparative Politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Par l’entremise d’un web-feuilleton, Anne Archet nous invite à repenser les interactions humaines au-delà des binarismes. Vie de licorne raconte les aventures de multiples personnages, liés les uns aux autres par le polyamour, la coparentalité, l’amitié et des pratiques sexuelles non normatives. Armée d’une palette où les couleurs de peau, les orientations sexuelles et les identités de genre des personnages s’unissent, Archet développe un processus de désinvisibilisation de minorités parfois – et même, souvent – oubliées dans l’acronyme LGBTQ+. Les anarchies relationnelles qu’elle dépeint, subvertissent l’espace virtuel pour créer une queertopie. En nous penchant sur ce processus et ces anarchies, nous analyserons la pluralité des voix qui participent d’une flexibilité des identités et des relations non binaires pour ensuite considérer les réactions face à cette pluralité. Il s’agira enfin de poser la question de la fiction et de la réalité qui déboulonnent tout cloisonnement.

This paper documents research regarding the roles, practices, and identities of three faculty members who mentor teacher candidates during practicums. Using a collaborative self-study (Hamilton, 1995), the authors examine the implications of implementing “particulars of practice seminars” (POPS) where practice issues are surfaced by candidates and examined collaboratively through focused conversation. The POPS are designed to develop candidates’ authority of experience (Munby & Russell, 1994) and foster candidates’ agency in professional learning yet these aims are highly dependent upon the faculty mentors’ practices and how these seminars are conceived and enacted. Using reflections, email threads, and meetings, this self-study focuses on the authors’ conceptions of their practice, identities, and roles as faculty mentors participating in the POPS and introduces “braiding” as a metaphor to illustrate the weaving together of multiple data sources. Results include assertions regarding programmatic recommendations, faculty development, and methodological approaches used in self-study research. Cet article documente la recherche portant sur les rôles, les pratiques et les identités de trois membres du corps enseignant qui encadrent des candidats et des candidates à l’enseignement durant les stages. À l’aide d’une auto-étude collaborative (Hamilton, 1955), les auteurs examinent les implications de la mise en oeuvre de « séminaires portant sur les détails de la pratique » quand des questions de pratique sont mises en lumière par les candidats et les candidates et sont examinées en collaboration par le biais de conversations ciblées. Les séminaires portant sur les détails de la pratique sont conçus pour développer l’autorité d’expérience (Munby & Russell, 1994) des candidats et des candidates et pour favoriser la participation des candidats et des candidates à l’apprentissage professionnel, toutefois ces objectifs dépendent grandement des pratiques des professeurs et des professeures mentors ainsi que de la manière dont ces séminaires sont conçus et mis en oeuvre. À l’aide de réflexions, de fils de courriels et de réunions, cette auto-étude se concentre sur les conceptions des auteurs de leur pratique, de leur identité et de leur rôle en tant que professeurs mentors qui participent à des séminaires portant sur les détails de la pratique et elle présente le « tressage » en tant que métaphore pour illustrer le tissage de diverses sources de données. Parmi les résultats, citons les assertions concernant les recommandations programmatiques, le développement des professeurs et des professeures et les approches méthodologiques utilisées dans la recherche par auto-étude.

As part of this study, we developed a survey in which we focus on employees’ experience of inclusion in their workplaces. We assessed the impact of equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) policies on the respondents’ perceptions of the workplace. Our results indicated that organizations with EDI policies are more likely to be perceived as positive work environments. Moreover, we find that the perception of the workplace differs according to individuals and their identities. These results confirm, on the one hand, that the development of EDI policies is worthwhile. On the other hand, employers must pay more attention to their employees’ experiences in order to better understand their realities, particularly with regard to the various identities (perceived, real or supposed) and associated stigmas and stereotypes. The narrative component of our survey provides an overview of elements that are critical to understanding the issues that we investigated, but that are often missing from traditional surveys.

L’article que nous proposons veut analyser et comparer le personnage-fleuve de frontière du sous-continent de l’Amérique du sud dans trois œuvres phares de la littérature hispano-américaine et de la Caraïbe française. Édouard Glissant avec La Lézarde, Carlos Fuentes et son récit Río Grande, Río Bravo dans le recueil La Frontera de Cristal et Rafael Ramírez Heredia dans La Mara nous transportent et nous font voyager le long de trois fleuves de frontière pour en découvrir leur rôle, leurs actions, les émotions qu’ils suscitent. Chaque fleuve, avec sa géographie et son histoire liées au territoire, représente un personnage-clé des romans, chacun avec sa propre personnalité et ses caractéristiques. Les trois fleuves nous suggèrent trois possibilités de frontière : la Lézarde veut abattre les confins à la recherche de l’identité du peuple des Caraïbes ; le Río Grande, Río Bravo est un espace interstitiel de frontière tourmenté, constamment croisé à la recherche d’une vie meilleure et probablement d’une nouvelle identité ; le fleuve Suchiate-Satanachia de La Mara est la frontière de la violence sans limites.

The present study focuses on the identity constructions of a group of young Tunisian homosexuals. Led by a survey based on semi-structured interviews with nine Muslim gays and six Muslim Lesbians, the study attempts to report on the negotiations between a Muslim identity and a homosexual identity. The qualitative analysis of the data reveals the attachment of gays and lesbians to their sexual identity. Nevertheless, the relationship with Islam takes many forms. Some opt for the separation between the practice of the precepts of Islam and the homosexual practice in order to diminish the dissonance between faith and homosexuality. Others choose to move towards a form of spirituality by creating an individual and singular relationship with God. Finally, one of the questioned gay men opts for detaching himself from Islam for a better preservation of his sexual identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The griot identitary space has developed from a traditional space reflecting the Manden organization, to world wide space passing through the space of colonization. The griot has therefore seen his territorial space grown larger, often from his identitary traditional, changed to space of conflicts. To face new challenges of competition, he tries to draw from arguments, in griot tradition identity the old days, in order to find a legitimacy and to be best sold in the world space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The text proposes a reinterpretation of the film Narradores de Javé delimited by the theme "the social context and the construction of identity in the sertão of Northeast/Brazil". It addresses the concept of heritage together with culture and landscape, noting the need to distinguish heritage and heritage-making process; considers identities as an accumulation of mentalities and inventions, and takes the sertão as a complex reality. In dialogue with the narrative, history and memory outlined by the film, it reinforces the multiple aspects of the constellation of concepts arising from its approaches, especially, the importance of seeing a continuum between common sense and scientific knowledge through the intuitive stories of Javé and unveil the meanings of heritage, landscapes, controlled spaces, and invented identities for the Northeast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rugby player figure induces several levels of representations that live in the professional rugbyman character, from the amateur level to the status of international player, in the French team. The club the rugbyman is originary from is displayed on his shirt of the French team. Without choosing to display it, the player shows this way his pride to belong to a local community. That demonstrates a duality in his identity which symbolises, at the same time, the representation of the nation and the heritage of the locality of which he becomes the incarnation by showing, publicly and internationally, that he belongs to this same locality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le discours actuel sur l’Europe est loin de servir la cause de l’intégration européenne. Conçu il y a 60 ans pour servir à des fins précises dans le contexte de l’époque, il est aujourd’hui mal adapté aux besoins identitaires des Européens. L’article suit le parcours de création du discours, ses origines, ses éléments et suggère une autre approche.

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This article fills gaps in the literature about transnational migration and Sub-Saharan Africans in Canada and their strategies of resistance, by interrogating transnationalism among South Sudanese refugees who resettled in Alberta, Canada. Using a qualitative research methodology that consisted of 26 in-depth semi-structured interviews1 conducted in Calgary in 2017 and 2018, and a theory that posits transnationalism as a "type of consciousness", an agency that subjects invent to enhance social justice, we assert that the refugees engage in numerous economic, sociopolitical and cultural transnational activities. Their initiatives benefit the refugees themselves and the sending and receiving countries. They serve as anti-racism and development tools against the backdrop of racism that they endure in Canada, the trauma of war and displacement, as well as war-related destruction in the sending country. They also strengthen awareness and better understanding of multiculturalism among Canadians. In the process, the subjects drew on scarce resources and overcame atrocious difficulties in order to improve their lives and create uplifting stories and actions. Though transnational migration also generates problematic impacts, these barriers could be overcome if the benefits of transnational migration are extended. Thus, we draw on the subjects' resilience to expand conceptions about transnational migration in order to turn it into a most fruitful avenue in the twenty-first century. Cet article comble une lacune majeure dans la littérature sur l'immigration transnationale et les Africains en provenance de l'Afrique subsahariens qui sont installés au Canada et les stratégies qu'ils développent pour surmonter les barrières qui surgissent dans le contexte de l'immigration transnationale. Nous explorons les pratiques transnationales chez des réfugiés du Soudan du Sud qui demeurent en Alberta au Canada en nous appuyant sur une méthodologie de recherche qualitative qui consistait en vingt-six entrevues semi-structurées approfondies menées à Calgary en 2017 et 2018. Nous nous servons également d'une théorie qui considère le transnationalisme comme un «type de conscience», une capacité que les acteurs sociaux inventent afin de renforcer la justice sociale. Nous montrons que les réfugiés participent à de nombreuses activités transnationales économiques, sociopolitiques et culturelles. Leurs initiatives profitent des réfugiés, les pays d'origine et la société d'accueil. L'immigration transnationalisme est un outil de développement et de lutte contre le racisme qui permet de combattre le racisme qu'ils subissent au Canada, le traumatisme de guerre, la migration forcée et les destructions de la guerre. De plus, les réfugiés aident les Canadian à acquérir une sensibilisation et une meilleure compréhension du multiculturalisme. Les réfugiés ont bénéficié des ressources limitées pour améliorer leurs vies et fournir un exemple remarquable de réussite. Bien que la migration [End Page 27] transnationale donne également lieu à des effets problématiques, ces obstacles pourraient être surmontés si les avantages de la migration transnationale sont étendus à une échelle plus large. De ce fait, nous nous appuyons sur la compétence des réfugiés pour enrichir le débat conceptuel sur la migration transnationale et en faire l'un des mécanismes les plus efficaces au XXIe siècle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Agence Black Bafoussa (1996) offers a fictional representation of a poorly known social milieu, that of communities from sub-Saharan Africa living in Paris. Though the protagonists' country of origin is imaginary, the reader easily identifies many allusions to Zaire and the end of the Mobutu regime. Therefore, in the first part, this essay situates the novel in the political context of a Zaire in crisis. Then, it examines the literary context in order to argue that the novel simultaneously integrates the categories of the French-speaking African novel and of the crime novel. This perspective opens up for an indepth textual analysis which identifies the main characteristic of the work: the transformation of Paris into a postcolonial space marked by hybrid cultures with African origins. This essay pays particular attention to the character of the detective, Laurent Cardoso, an Angolan white, because he illustrates the complexity of the identities present in the novel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Résumé : L’exode du port de Mariel, à Cuba, au printemps 1980, marque à la fois une continuité par rapport à l’émigration précédente de 1965 et une rupture : en effet, celui qu’on appela marielito fut banni deux fois : par son pays d’origine et par le pays d’accueil. Un film comme Scarface (Brian de Palma, 1983) véhicula cette représentation négative du marielito avec une violence qui allait mettre en péril l’image positive que s’était construite la communauté cubaine de Miami pendant vingt ans. Tombé dans l’oubli à Cuba, cet exode, devenu un thème littéraire grâce aux témoignages de « la génération du Mariel » fait désormais partie du patrimoine historique des Cubains de Miami. Il a provoqué des changements importants dans la politique migratoire des États-Unis à l’égard des Cubains. Il s’inscrit surtout dans la problématique de l’identité nationale cubaine, toujours inachevée. Resumen : El éxodo del puerto de Mariel, en Cuba, en la primavera de 1980, marca a la vez una continuidad respecto a la emigración precedente de 1965 y una ruptura : en efecto, el que fue llamado marielito fue rechazado dos veces : por su país de origen y por el país de acogida. Una película como Scarface (Brian de Palma, 1983) vehiculó esta representación negativa con una violencia que iba a poner en peligro la imagen positiva que se había construido la comunidad cubana de Miami durante veinte años. Caído en el olvido en Cuba, este éxodo, transformado en tema literario por « la generación del Mariel, » hoy forma parte del patrimonio histórico de los Cubanos de Miami. Provocó cambios importantes en la política migratoria de Estados Unidos frente a Cuba. Sobre todo, se sitúa en la problemática de la identidad nacional cubana, siempre inconclusa. Abstract : The exodus from Mariel harbour, Cuba, in spring 1980, shows at the same time a continuity compared with the precedent emigration of 1965 and an abrupt change : in fact, the one who was called marielito was exiled twice : from his homeland and from the land of reception. A movie like Scarface (Brian de Palma, 1983) is leading to this negative representation with a violence that puts in danger the positive image which the Cuban community in Miami had built during twenty years. Sunk into oblivion in Cuba, this exodus transformed into literary fact by « the Mariel generation » is part now of the historic heritage of the Cuban people in Miami. It caused important changes in United States migration policy towards Cuba. Above all, it is one of the major problem of cuban national identity, always unfinished.

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