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1. Elucidation of Unique Developmental Mechanism of Storm Surge along Northern Coast of Kyushu Island, Japan

Author

Ozaki, Shinichiro, Ide, Yoshihiko, Niimi, Masaki, Yamashiro, Masaru, and Kodama, Mitsuyoshi

Subjects
Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

Along the northern coast of Kyushu Island, significant storm surges were unlikely to occur because the strong wind does not blow directly to the coast when typhoons passes. However, during Typhoon Maysak, various areas along the coast experienced flooding due to the storm surges. Additionally, inundation occurred when the typhoon was more than 600 km away from the coast. In this study, we classified the past typhoons into northeastward-moving, northward-moving and direct-passing overhead types and analyzed the storm surge using observational data and numerical simulations. Regarding northeastward-moving types, Hakata Bay located in the coast experienced two surge peaks. The first peak was induced by the inverted barometer effect and the stagnation of seawater in the Tsushima Strait. The second peak occurred because of the 10-hour oscillation and Ekman transport in the Tsushima Strait. For northward-moving types, Ekman transport was further intensified, resulting in a high storm surge that lasted for more than 10 hours. Regarding directly passing overhead types, one or two peaks occurred in a short period during the closest approach. The first peak was caused by the inverted barometer effect and Ekman transport, whereas the second peak was caused by the 2-hour harbor oscillation in Hakata Bay., Comment: 33 pages, 25 figures

Published
2024

4. Factors Contributing to Health Deterioration in the Japanese Long-Term Care Insurance System in Terms of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living.

Author

Nishida, Takahiro, Ide, Yoshihiko, Fukuda, Kenichiro, Honda, Ayumi, and Honda, Sumihisa

Subjects
*HEALTH status indicators, *INDEPENDENT living, *SEX distribution, *LONG-term care insurance, *RETROSPECTIVE studies, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics, *CHI-squared test, *KAPLAN-Meier estimator, *LOG-rank test, *FINANCIAL management, *CONFIDENCE intervals, *DATA analysis software, *ACTIVITIES of daily living
Abstract

This study aimed to determine which instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) are associated with health deterioration from the "support level" to the "care level" among users of the long-term care insurance system in Japan. From April 2017 to March 2020, we conducted a retrospective follow-up survey on 178 Japanese community-dwelling older adults (64 men, 114 women) newly certified as support level. Independent variable was 8 IADL items and the outcome defined as the "support level maintenance time." Cox models were used to assess the risk of health deterioration, with adjustments for age group, family composition, dementia status, and frailty status by gender. Dependence on 5 items, "laundry" (hazard ratio [HR] =2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-5.8), "cooking" (HR = 3.7; 95% CI: 1.1-12.2), "telephone use" (HR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.2-4.7), "financial management" (HR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.2-5.0), and "medication management" (HR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.2-4.8), was independently associated with a worse outcome among men, whereas dependence on "financial management" (HR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.5-4.7) and "medication management" (HR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1-3.5) was independently associated with a worse outcome among women. These findings suggest that difficulties in "financial management" and "medication management" are common factors associated with health deterioration from the support to the care level among both genders. An association with household tasks was also seen among men, indicating that a paradigm shift is needed to increase the participation of men in household tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Screening performance of a 100‐mL water swallowing test in community‐dwelling older adults: A receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Author

Yamabe, Kazumi, Nishida, Takahiro, Ide, Yoshihiko, and Honda, Sumihisa

Subjects
PREDICTIVE tests, CROSS-sectional method, INDEPENDENT living, RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, ROUTINE diagnostic tests, WATER, DEGLUTITION disorders, SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics)
Abstract

Objective: The development of a dysphagia screening test is an urgent issue in the field of frailty prevention among community‐dwelling older people. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the screening performance of a 100‐mL water swallowing test (WST). Methods: The study employed a cross‐sectional design. Participants were 304 (65 men and 239 women, mean age = 80 years) Japanese community‐dwelling older adults aged over 65 years. We investigated swallowing disorder using the 10‐item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT‐10), and compared choking signs, swallowing time and number of swallows, and their combination in the 100‐mL WST. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of these indices. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut‐off value of swallowing time and number of swallows in the 100‐mL WST based on the Youden Index among participants without choking signs. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of choking signs in the 100‐mL WST were 20% and 91%, respectively. The discriminating ability of swallowing time and number of swallows among participants without any choking signs was.76 and.72, respectively, in the area under the ROC curve. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity to discriminate dysphagia from normal swallowing ability were 65% and 74% when the cut‐off was >10 s based on maximisation of the Youden Index. The 100‐mL WST performed best when the indices of choking signs and swallowing time were combined, with a sensitivity and specificity of 72% and 68%, respectively. Conclusions: The 100‐mL WST would be an adequate screening tool when compared to the EAT‐10. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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6. Adherence to behavior changes for COVID-19 prevention in communitydwelling older adults

Author

Nishida, Takahiro, Ide, Yoshihiko, Honda, Ayumi, and Honda, Sumihisa

Subjects
behavioral change, COVID-19, adherence, community-dwelling older people
Abstract

Background: Preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in older people is an important public health issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the level of fear regarding COVID-19 and adherence to COVID-19 prevention measures among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted from July 15 to August 19, 2020, in 127 community-dwelling older adults ≥65 years old in Japan. A questionnaire including participants’ basic attributes (age, sex, body mass index, and family structure), levels of fear regarding COVID-19, increasing adherence to four behaviors (restrictions on going out, maintaining physical distancing, wearing masks, and washing hands) for COVID-19 prevention, and its stress levels was used. We calculated the relationship between the level of fear of COVID-19 and the level of each behavioral change using Spearman’s correlation coefficient (rs). Results: About 95% of older adults displayed fear of COVID-19. Rates of adherence to all four COVID-19 prevention measures increased to approximately 80–95%. However, about 40–55% of older adults were stressed by all behavior modifications except washing hands. The increasing level of fear regarding COVID-19 correlated positively with decreasing frequency of going out (rs=0.280, p=0.001) and increasing frequency of washing hands (rs=0.336, p, Acta medica Nagasakiensia, 66(2), pp.65-70; 2023

Published
2023

14. Performance of Japanese community-dwelling older adults in the 100-mL water swallowing test

Author

Yamabe, Kazumi, Nishida, Takahiro, Ide, Yoshihiko, and Honda, Sumihisa

Subjects
100-mL water swallowing test, dysphagia, community-dwelling elderly
Abstract

Background: Although the 100-mL water swallowing test (WST) is used to measure swallowing capacity (SC), volume per swallow (VS), time per swallow (TS), and the presence/absence of choking signs, the performance of each indicator is not clearly understood. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between performance in each indicator in the 100-mL WST and risk factors for dysphagia in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Participants included 304 Japanese community-dwelling older adults aged ?65 years. We investigated participant characteristics including age, sex, body mass index (BMI), medical history, number of prescribed medications, laryngeal function (maximum phonation time [MPT]), subjective dysphagia (the 10-item eating assessment tool [EAT-10]), and all indicators of the 100-mL WST. We compared each of the four indicators in the 100-mL WST and investigated their relationship with potential risk factors for dysphagia. Results: Multivariate analyses showed that age, BMI, MPT, and EAT-10 were independently associated with SC. Age, sex, BMI, and EAT-10 were independently associated with VS. BMI, MPT, and EAT-10 were independently associated with TS. Men were more likely to have choking signs in the 100-mL WST than women. Conclusions: These findings indicated that all of three quantitative indicators in the 100-mL WST may predict the risk of sarcopenic dysphagia. Moreover, the presence of choking signs in men suggested the risk of aspiration. We propose that SC and choking signs in the 100-mL WST could be a simple and useful dysphagia assessment tool for community-dwelling older people., Acta medica Nagasakiensia, 63(1), pp.1-10; 2019

Published
2019

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