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4. Optimal Timing for Intermittent Administration of Parathyroid Hormone (1-34) for Distraction Osteogenesis in Rabbits

Author

Hosogane N, Inada N, Morii T, Ohata T, Maruno H, and Ichimura S

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Endocrinology, Text mining, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Internal medicine, medicine, Distraction osteogenesis, Parathyroid hormone, business, behavioral disciplines and activities, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

BackgroundTo date, the usefulness of parathyroid hormone (PTH (1-34)) in distraction osteogenesis has been reported in several studies. We aimed to determine the optimal timing of PTH (1-34) administration in a rabbit distraction osteogenesis model.MethodsThe lower hind leg of a Japanese white rabbit was externally fixed, and tibial osteotomy was performed. One week after the osteotomy, bone lengthening was carried out at 0.375 mm/12 h for two weeks. After five weeks, the lower leg bone was collected. Bone mineral density (BMD), peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and mechanical tests were performed on the distracted callus. The rabbits were divided into three groups according to the timing of PTH administration: four weeks during the distraction and consolidation phases (group D+C), two weeks of the distraction phase (group D), and the first two weeks of the consolidation phase (group C). A control group (group N) was administered saline for four weeks during the distraction and consolidation phases. Furthermore, to obtain histological findings, lower leg bones were collected from each rabbit at two, three, and four weeks after osteotomy, and tissue sections of the distracted callus were examined histologically.ResultsThe BMD was highest in group C and was significantly higher than group D. In pQCT, the total cross-sectional area was significantly higher in groups D+C, D, and C than group N, and the cortical bone area was highest in group C and was significantly higher than group D. In micro-CT, group C had the highest bone mass and number of trabeculae. Regarding the mechanical test, group C had the highest callus failure strength, and this value was significantly higher compared to group N. There was no significant difference between groups D and N. The histological findings revealed that the distracted callus mainly consisted of endochondral ossification in the distraction phase. In the consolidation phase, the chondrocytes were almost absent, and intramembranous ossification was the main type of ossification.ConclusionWe found that the optimal timing of PTH (1-34) administration is during the consolidation phase, which is mainly characterized by intramembranous ossification.

Published
2021

8. Effects of spatial nonuniformity of superconducting-tunnel-junction ion detectors on mass spectroscopy

Author

Ohkubo, M., Ukibe, M., Saito, N., Ichimura, S., Kushino, A., and Friedrich, S.

Subjects
Superconductive devices -- Design and construction, Time-of-flight mass spectrometry -- Usage, Radiation warning systems -- Design and construction, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

The performance of the superconducting-tunnel-junction (STJ) detectors for time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (TOF-MS) is examined by using the Ta cluster ion source, which produces the peaks with a mass interval of 180.95 Da in the mass spectra. Two kinds of single-element STJ detectors with different spatial profiles are compared in TOF-MS experiments with a Ta cluster ion source.

Published
2005

48. Development of –1 MV DC Filter and High‐Voltage DC Measurement Systems for ITER NBI.

Author

TAKAHASHI, A. K. E. S. H. I., TANAKA, T. O. S. H. I. A. K. I., FUJITA, H. I. R. O. Y. U. K. I., HIRANUMA, Y. U. K. I., ICHIMURA, S. A. T. O. S. H. I., WATANABE, K. A. Z. U. H. I. R. O., KASHIWAGI, M. I. E. K. O., and MAEJIMA, T. E. T. S. U. Y. A.

Subjects
ELECTRIC circuit design & construction, DIRECT current circuits, FUSION reactors, NUCLEAR fusion
Abstract

SUMMARY: This paper presents the development results of a −1 MV dc filter and dc measurement systems for an ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) neutral beam injector (NBI) system. High accuracy of 0.5% and fast responsivity of 3.3 μs, −3 dB are required for the dc measurement systems: both dc voltage dividers and DCCTs. Circuit design and thermal flow design were carried out to clarify and minimize their effects on the accuracy and responsivity. The validity of the established design was demonstrated by the actual‐product tests; temperature rise of each components fell below the allowable value; inner components of dc filter withstood dc −1.2 MV; each voltage divider accurately measured the voltage during the dc −1.2 MV withstand voltage test; the voltage dividers and the DCCTs were adequate to the requirements of responsivity (3.3 μs, −3 dB). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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49. Development of DC‐1 MV Ultrahigh Voltage Generator for ITER.

Author

TAKAHASHI, A. K. E. S. H. I., TANAKA, T. O. S. H. I. A. K. I., YAMAGUCHI, K. O. H. E. I., FUJITA, H. I. R. O. Y. U. K. I., HIRANUMA, Y. U. K. I., ICHIMURA, S. A. T. O. S. H. I., WATANABE, K. A. Z. U. H. I. R. O., KASHIWAGI, M. I. E. K. O., and MAEJIMA, T. E. T. S. U. Y. A.

Subjects
HIGH voltages, UHF devices, ELECTRIC generators, GAS insulation in electric switchgears, ELECTRIC insulators & insulation
Abstract

SUMMARY: This paper presents development results of a five‐stage DC‐1MV Ultrahigh Voltage Generator for ITER. Each generator outputs −200 kV, and the total five generators are connected in series and outputs −1 MV. In order to realize the DC‐1MV output and 1‐h continuous operation, a feasibility of both gas insulation and gas cooling for semiconductor devices was validated. A simplified structure with stud‐type diodes and heatsinks resulted in the compatibility of enough insulation distance and wide cooling surface. Withstand voltage tests and a temperature rise test were performed for the actual equipment of the rectifier and the step‐up transformer. These test results verified the validity of the proposed design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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