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IntroductionMany researchers want to include seldom involved groups, such as refugees and youth, in patient and public involvement (PPI), but experience a number of barriers. The PPI research community calls for critical evaluations that are prospective, data-based and conducted by researchers and public contributors together. In this study, we conducted a longitudinal evaluation of a core activity in all collaborations: communication strategies. The aim was to evaluate the communication strategies adopted throughout a research project with refugee youth coresearchers.MethodsThis article is based on the evaluation of a project where refugee youth were involved in the online adaptation of a group-based programme for youth with posttraumatic stress. Behavioural observations and field notes collected during the project were analysed with qualitative content analysis and a readability index, and discussed through the lens of epistemic injustice. The article was cowritten by researchers and refugee youth.FindingsFour manifest categories were identified: Facilitating engagement through coplanning and circumstantial flexibility; Different needs require different channels; It's not just about the channel—facilitation skills matter; Finding a common language opens a communicative flow. In addition, a latent underlying theme reflecting the role of trust was identified: Interactive moments facilitate trust—trust facilitates richer involvement.ConclusionAt the core of the identified communication strategies were strengthening relationship-building and actively facilitating involvement. Establishing trusting relationships enabled refugee youth to share input. The communication strategies increased hermeneutical justice by contributing to a common understanding; thus, taking a step towards ameliorating epistemic injustice.

BACKGROUND: Video-telehealth delivery of trauma-based care is promising and may help address structural and perceptual barriers to receiving support. However, existing evidence relies heavily on samples from adult populations. There is potential to transfer existing child and adolescent trauma interventions to a video-telehealth delivery format; but, this requires careful consideration. The aim of this project was to adapt a group-based intervention called Teaching Recovery Techniques for online delivery and investigate the usability of the new intervention format. METHODS: A qualitative needs assessment was performed (n = 3 intervention leaders, 4 youth), followed by participatory workshops and advisory panel consultation to generate adaptation recommendations. Usability testing was performed in two cycles; the first tested the adapted manual with intervention leaders (n = 5), and the second tested newly developed digital resources with youth (n = 5). RESULTS: The needs assessment uncovered a number of issues that, when generating recommendations, were distilled into three topics: safety, participation and learning. Recommendations included safety rules, an emergency response protocol, communication strategies, and guidance on group composition and intervention delivery. Usability testing indicated acceptability but highlighted the need for more detailed and explicit guidance, particularly on safety processes. DISCUSSION: The present study demonstrates the potential for delivery format to affect intervention feasibility and acceptability, and provides recommendations that can be used to guide the transfer of other group-based mental health interventions to an online format. The young people, parents and professionals involved in the project provided rich and varied perspectives, which illustrated the value of broad stakeholder engagement.