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BACKGROUND: The internal perception of sound in the absence of external auditory stimulation is what is meant to describe the condition known as tinnitus. Tinnitus is one of three Otoneurologic manifestations, along with sensorineural hearing loss and dizziness, which are frequently the primary individuals' complaint. Tinnitus is the most common of these three symptoms. AIM: Determination of relationship between vestibular function and tinnitus in normal hearing subjects METHODS: Thirty subjects complained of tinnitus without hearing loss were included, and were divided into 2 groups, group 1: included 40 tinnitus ear, and group 2; included 20 non tinnitus ear. RESULTS In terms of pure tone threshold, assessment SRT, WDS%, acoustic reflexes parameters, cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMPs) latencies, and peak amplitude, there was no statistically difference between the tinnitus and non-tinnitus groups. There was a statistically in-significant variation between the amplitude ratio of caloric response and sex, there was also statistically in-significant relation between tinnitus duration and vestibular function (P13 and N23 latency). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that; Tinnitus have a link with an aberrant caloric response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D status has been linked to proper hearing and vestibular functions. Vitamin D deficiency was correlated with ear, nose, and throat patients. Also, several studies suggested the possible relationship between vitamin D deficiency and hearing loss primarily of sensorineural type. METHODS The current study was performed on Seventy-five subjects, the cases were allocated into two groups; control group (of 25 healthy subjects with Serum level of 25(OH) D (>20 ng/mL)), and study group consisted of 50 adults which were divided equally into two subgroups, subgroup I; adults with serum level of 25- hydroxy vitamin D <12 ng/ml, and subgroup II; adults with serum level of 25- hydroxy vitamin D=12-20 ng/mL. All cases were subjected to basic audiological evaluation. RESULTS: There were no statistically remarkable variations between study and control groups in pure tone threshold at different frequencies, speech reception thresholds, and word discrimination scores. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated that hearing sensitivity was not affected by vitamin D status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency and appendectomy remains the most frequently performed emergency operations worldwide. So, we aimed to minimize negative appendectomy in the General Surgery department in Zagazig University hospitals and to put a protocol to deal with suspected cases in the future. Methods: This study was carried out in the emergency unit of General Surgery department of Zagazig University Hospitals between the period from January 2018 to January 2019, the study included 112 patients suspected to have acute appendicitis. Complete blood count (CBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), Serum bilirubin (S. Bilirubin) were estimated for all patients preoperatively. Results: From the results we found that from 39 complicated cases total leucocyte count (TLC) was negative in 2 cases only and regarding to CRP it was negative in 4 cases, also we found that Bilirubin was positive in 38 cases. From these cases 26 were complicated. Bilirubin was positive in only 1 case of negative appendectomy cases. Conclusions: white cell count, C-reactive protein and Serum bilirubin measurements are useful in the assessment of acute appendicitis. If used judiciously, they may spare a group of patients not only an unnecessary surgical procedure, but also unnecessary admission to hospital for observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is mostly a vascular disease where the development of macular oedema and proliferative retinopathy are major causes of visual impairment. Enlargement of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) is associated with visual deterioration in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Objective: To evaluate the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and perifoveal capillary network density in the superficial retinal layer (SRL) and deep retinal layer (DRL) in patients with varying severities of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Patients and methods: This is a prospective comparative randomized case-control study consisting of 77 eyes divided into two groups, each group underwent imaging using OCT-A device. Group one: 37 healthy control eyes, and group two: 40 eyes with DM of different degrees of diabetic retinopathy. Subjects were imaged between September 2019 and February 2020 at Kasr El-Ainy Teaching Hospital. Results: The FAZ area at the levels of the superficial and deep vascular networks of eyes with DR were found to be larger compared with those of age-matched healthy controls, and as would be expected, control eyes had higher vascular density in both networks compared with the diabetic eyes. Furthermore, eyes with worse DR stage showed larger FAZ area and lower vascular density values. This study also showed that angiographic parameters, namely FAZ area and vessel density (VD) correlated with best corrected visual acuity. Conclusion: Our study revealed that vascular density and FAZ area can be quantified in DR eyes in a rapid, automated, and noninvasive manner with OCTA. Also foveal avascular zone area and vascular density as measures of DMI correlate with visual acuity in patients with DR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]