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1. A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

Author

Hansen, Lea B. S., Roager, Henrik M., Søndertoft, Nadja B., Gøbel, Rikke J., Kristensen, Mette, Vallès-Colomer, Mireia, Vieira-Silva, Sara, Ibrügger, Sabine, Lind, Mads V., Mærkedahl, Rasmus B., Bahl, Martin I., Madsen, Mia L., Havelund, Jesper, Falony, Gwen, Tetens, Inge, Nielsen, Trine, Allin, Kristine H., Frandsen, Henrik L., Hartmann, Bolette, Holst, Jens Juul, Sparholt, Morten H., Holck, Jesper, Blennow, Andreas, Moll, Janne Marie, Meyer, Anne S., Hoppe, Camilla, Poulsen, Jørgen H., Carvalho, Vera, Sagnelli, Domenico, Dalgaard, Marlene D., Christensen, Anders F., Lydolph, Magnus Christian, Ross, Alastair B., Villas-Bôas, Silas, Brix, Susanne, Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas, Buschard, Karsten, Linneberg, Allan, Rumessen, Jüri J., Ekstrøm, Claus T., Ritz, Christian, Kristiansen, Karsten, Nielsen, H. Bjørn, Vestergaard, Henrik, Færgeman, Nils J., Raes, Jeroen, Frøkiær, Hanne, Hansen, Torben, Lauritzen, Lotte, Gupta, Ramneek, Licht, Tine Rask, and Pedersen, Oluf

Published
2018
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2. Associations between food and beverage consumption and different types of sedentary behaviours in European preschoolers: the ToyBox-study

Author

Miguel-Berges, María L., Santaliestra-Pasias, Alba M., Mouratidou, Theodora, Androutsos, Odysseas, de Craemer, Marieke, Pinket, An-Sofie, Birnbaum, Julia, Koletzko, Berthold, Iotova, Violeta, Usheva, Natalia, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Gozdz, Magdalena, Manios, Yannis, Moreno, Luis A., Yngve, Agneta, Aikenhead, Andrea, Wildgruber, Andreas, Strauß, Angelika, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Payr, Annette, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nethe, Aviva, Günthersberger, Axel, Gurzkowska, Beata, Oves, Beatriz, Nilsen, Bente B., Koletzko, Berthold, Herbert, Birgit, Swinburn, Boyd, Vereecken, Carine, Summerbell, Carolyn, Nixon, Catherine, Lynch, Christel, Katsarou, Christina, Lambrinou, Christina-Paulina, Geyer, Christine, Voegele, Claus, Ward, Dianne, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, De Decker, Ellen, González-Gil, Esther M., Grammatikaki, Eva, Buijs, Goof, Cardon, Greet, Moore, Helen, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, Jansen, Jan, Van Assche, Jo, Reilly, John, Fernandez, Juan, Birnbaum, Julia, Wildeis, Julia, Retterath, Jutta, Zych, Kamila, Szott, Katarzyna, Duvinage, Kristin, Maes, Lea, Gibson, Leigh, Annemans, Lieven, Pil, Lore, Gracia-Marco, Luis, Moreno, Luis, Tsirigoti, Lydia, Góźdź, Magdalena, Paw, Mai Chin A., Mesana, Maribel, De Craemer, Marieke, Lateva, Mina, Usheva, Natalya, Feschieva, Nevyana, Androutsos, Odysseas, Gmeiner, Otto, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, Socha, Piotr, Ibrügger, Sabine, te Velde, Saskia, Galcheva, Sonya, De Henauw, Stefaan, Kugelberg, Susanna, Kreichauf, Susanne, Mouratidou, Theodora, Lobstein, Tim, Marinova, Vanya, Iotova, Violeta, Douthwaite, Wayne, Manios, Yannis, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Radkova, Zhaneta, and on behalf of the ToyBox-study group

Published
2017
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6. Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation without inducing major changes of the gut microbiome:a randomised cross-over trial

Author

Roager, Henrik Munch, Vogt, Josef Korbinian, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Hansen, Lea Benedicte Skov, Ibrügger, Sabine, Mærkedahl, Rasmus Baadsgaard, Bahl, Martin Iain, Lind, Mads Vendelbo, Nielsen, Rikke Linnemann, Frøkiær, Hanne, Gøbel, Rikke Juul, Landberg, Rikard, Ross, Alastair B., Brix, Susanne, Holck, Jesper, Meyer, Anne S., Sparholt, Morten H., Christensen, Anders Fogh, Carvalho, Vera, Hartmann, Bolette, Holst, Jens Juul, Rumessen, Jüri Johannes, Linneberg, Allan René, Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas, Dalgaard, Marlene D., Blennow, Andreas, Frandsen, Henrik Lauritz, Villas-Bôas, Silas, Kristiansen, Karsten, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hansen, Torben, Ekstrøm, Claus Thorn, Ritz, Christian, Nielsen, Henrik Bjørn, Pedersen, Oluf Borbye, Gupta, Ramneek, Lauritzen, Lotte, Licht, Tine Rask, Roager, Henrik Munch, Vogt, Josef Korbinian, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Hansen, Lea Benedicte Skov, Ibrügger, Sabine, Mærkedahl, Rasmus Baadsgaard, Bahl, Martin Iain, Lind, Mads Vendelbo, Nielsen, Rikke Linnemann, Frøkiær, Hanne, Gøbel, Rikke Juul, Landberg, Rikard, Ross, Alastair B., Brix, Susanne, Holck, Jesper, Meyer, Anne S., Sparholt, Morten H., Christensen, Anders Fogh, Carvalho, Vera, Hartmann, Bolette, Holst, Jens Juul, Rumessen, Jüri Johannes, Linneberg, Allan René, Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas, Dalgaard, Marlene D., Blennow, Andreas, Frandsen, Henrik Lauritz, Villas-Bôas, Silas, Kristiansen, Karsten, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hansen, Torben, Ekstrøm, Claus Thorn, Ritz, Christian, Nielsen, Henrik Bjørn, Pedersen, Oluf Borbye, Gupta, Ramneek, Lauritzen, Lotte, and Licht, Tine Rask

Abstract

Objective: To investigate whether a whole grain diet alters the gut microbiome and insulin sensitivity, as well as biomarkers of metabolic health and gut functionality.Design: 60 Danish adults at risk of developing metabolic syndrome were included in a randomised cross-over trial with two 8-week dietary intervention periods comprising whole grain diet and refined grain diet, separated by a washout period of ≥6 weeks. The response to the interventions on the gut microbiome composition and insulin sensitivity as well on measures of glucose and lipid metabolism, gut functionality, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and urine metabolomics were assessed.Results: 50 participants completed both periods with a whole grain intake of 179±50 g/day and 13±10 g/day in the whole grain and refined grain period, respectively. Compliance was confirmed by a difference in plasma alkylresorcinols (p<0.0001). Compared with refined grain, whole grain did not significantly alter glucose homeostasis and did not induce major changes in the faecal microbiome. Also, breath hydrogen levels, plasma short-chain fatty acids, intestinal integrity and intestinal transit time were not affected. The whole grain diet did, however, compared with the refined grain diet, decrease body weight (p<0.0001), serum inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL)-6 (p=0.009) and C-reactive protein (p=0.003). The reduction in body weight was consistent with a reduction in energy intake, and IL-6 reduction was associated with the amount of whole grain consumed, in particular with intake of rye.Conclusion: Compared with refined grain diet, whole grain diet did not alter insulin sensitivity and gut microbiome but reduced body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation.Trial Registration Number: NCT 01731366; Results.

Published
2019

7. Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation without inducing major changes of the gut microbiome: a randomised cross-over trial

Author

Roager, Henrik Munch, Vogt, Josef Korbinian, Kristensen, Mette, Hansen, Lea Benedicte S, Ibrügger, Sabine, Mærkedahl, Rasmus B, Bahl, Martin Iain, Lind, Mads Vendelbo, Nielsen, Rikke Linnemann, Frøkiær, Hanne, Gøbel, Rikke Juul, Landberg, Rikard, Ross, Alastair B, Brix, Susanne, Holck, Jesper, Meyer, Anne S., Sparholt, Morten H, Christensen, Anders F, Carvalho, Vera, Holst, Jens Juul, Rumessen, Jüri Johannes, Linneberg, Allan, Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas, Dalgaard, Marlene Danner, Blennow, Andreas, Frandsen, Henrik Lauritz, Villas-Bôas, Silas Granato, Kristiansen, Karsten, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hansen, Torben, Ekstrøm, Claus T, Ritz, Christian, Nielsen, Henrik Bjørn, Pedersen, Oluf Borbye, Gupta, Ramneek, Lauritzen, Lotte, Licht, Tine Rask, Roager, Henrik Munch, Vogt, Josef Korbinian, Kristensen, Mette, Hansen, Lea Benedicte S, Ibrügger, Sabine, Mærkedahl, Rasmus B, Bahl, Martin Iain, Lind, Mads Vendelbo, Nielsen, Rikke Linnemann, Frøkiær, Hanne, Gøbel, Rikke Juul, Landberg, Rikard, Ross, Alastair B, Brix, Susanne, Holck, Jesper, Meyer, Anne S., Sparholt, Morten H, Christensen, Anders F, Carvalho, Vera, Holst, Jens Juul, Rumessen, Jüri Johannes, Linneberg, Allan, Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas, Dalgaard, Marlene Danner, Blennow, Andreas, Frandsen, Henrik Lauritz, Villas-Bôas, Silas Granato, Kristiansen, Karsten, Vestergaard, Henrik, Hansen, Torben, Ekstrøm, Claus T, Ritz, Christian, Nielsen, Henrik Bjørn, Pedersen, Oluf Borbye, Gupta, Ramneek, Lauritzen, Lotte, and Licht, Tine Rask

Abstract

Objective To investigate whether a whole grain diet alters the gut microbiome and insulin sensitivity, as well as biomarkers of metabolic health and gut functionality. Design 60 Danish adults at risk of developing metabolic syndrome were included in a randomised cross-over trial with two 8-week dietary intervention periods comprising whole grain diet and refined grain diet, separated by a washout period of ≥6 weeks. The response to the interventions on the gut microbiome composition and insulin sensitivity as well on measures of glucose and lipid metabolism, gut functionality, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and urine metabolomics were assessed. Results 50 participants completed both periods with a whole grain intake of 179±50 g/day and 13±10 g/day in the whole grain and refined grain period, respectively. Compliance was confirmed by a difference in plasma alkylresorcinols (p<0.0001). Compared with refined grain, whole grain did not significantly alter glucose homeostasis and did not induce major changes in the faecal microbiome. Also, breath hydrogen levels, plasma short-chain fatty acids, intestinal integrity and intestinal transit time were not affected. The whole grain diet did, however, compared with the refined grain diet, decrease body weight (p<0.0001), serum inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL)-6 (p=0.009) and C-reactive protein (p=0.003). The reduction in body weight was consistent with a reduction in energy intake, and IL-6 reduction was associated with the amount of whole grain consumed, in particular with intake of rye. Conclusion Compared with refined grain diet, whole grain diet did not alter insulin sensitivity and gut microbiome but reduced body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation.

Published
2019

8. A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

Author

Hansen, Lea Benedicte Skov, Roager, Henrik Munch, Søndertoft, Nadja Buus, Gøbel, Rikke Juul, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Vallès-Colomer, Mireia, Vieira-Silva, Sara, Ibrügger, Sabine, Lind, Mads Vendelbo, Mærkedahl, Rasmus Baadsgaard, Bahl, Martin Iain, Madsen, Mia Linda, Havelund, Jesper, Falony, Gwen, Tetens, Inge, Nielsen, Trine, Allin, Kristine Højgaard, Frandsen, Henrik Lund, Hartmann, Bolette, Holst, Jens Juul, Sparholt, Morten H, Holck, Jesper, Blennow, Andreas, Moll, Janne Marie, Meyer, Anne S, Hoppe, Camilla, Poulsen, Jørgen H, Carvalho, Vera, Sagnelli, Domenico, Dalgaard, Marlene Danner, Christensen, Anders Fogh, Lydolph, Magnus, Ross, Alistair B, Villas-Bôas, Silas G, Brix, Susanne, Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas, Buschard, Karsten, Linneberg, Allan René, Rumessen, Jüri Johannes, Ekstrøm, Claus Thorn, Ritz, Christian, Kristiansen, Karsten, Nielsen, H Bjørn, Vestergaard, Henrik, Færgeman, Nils J, Raes, Jeroen, Frøkiær, Hanne, Hansen, Torben, Lauritzen, Lotte, Gupta, Ramneek, Licht, Tine Rask, Pedersen, Oluf Borbye, Hansen, Lea Benedicte Skov, Roager, Henrik Munch, Søndertoft, Nadja Buus, Gøbel, Rikke Juul, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Vallès-Colomer, Mireia, Vieira-Silva, Sara, Ibrügger, Sabine, Lind, Mads Vendelbo, Mærkedahl, Rasmus Baadsgaard, Bahl, Martin Iain, Madsen, Mia Linda, Havelund, Jesper, Falony, Gwen, Tetens, Inge, Nielsen, Trine, Allin, Kristine Højgaard, Frandsen, Henrik Lund, Hartmann, Bolette, Holst, Jens Juul, Sparholt, Morten H, Holck, Jesper, Blennow, Andreas, Moll, Janne Marie, Meyer, Anne S, Hoppe, Camilla, Poulsen, Jørgen H, Carvalho, Vera, Sagnelli, Domenico, Dalgaard, Marlene Danner, Christensen, Anders Fogh, Lydolph, Magnus, Ross, Alistair B, Villas-Bôas, Silas G, Brix, Susanne, Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas, Buschard, Karsten, Linneberg, Allan René, Rumessen, Jüri Johannes, Ekstrøm, Claus Thorn, Ritz, Christian, Kristiansen, Karsten, Nielsen, H Bjørn, Vestergaard, Henrik, Færgeman, Nils J, Raes, Jeroen, Frøkiær, Hanne, Hansen, Torben, Lauritzen, Lotte, Gupta, Ramneek, Licht, Tine Rask, and Pedersen, Oluf Borbye

Abstract

Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

Published
2018

9. Effect and process evaluation of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a randomized cluster design on sedentary behaviour in 4- to 6-year old European preschool children: The ToyBoxstudy

Author

Latomme, Julie, Cardon, Greet, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, Iotova, Violeta, Koletzko, Berthold, Socha, Piotr, Moreno, Luis, Androutsos, Odysseas, Manios, Yannis, De Craemer, Marieke, Paw, Mai Chin A., Summerbell, Carolyn, Lobstein, Tim, Annemans, Lieven, Buijs, Goof, Reilly, John, Swinburn, Boyd, Ward, Dianne, Grammatikaki, Eva, Katsarou, Christina, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, Duvinage, Kristin, Ibrügger, Sabine, Strauß, Angelika, Herbert, Birgit, Birnbaum, Julia, Payr, Annette, Geyer, Christine, De Decker, Ellen, De Henauw, Stefaan, Maes, Lea, Vereecken, Carine, Van Assche, Jo, Pil, Lore, Te Velde, Saskia, Mouratidou, Theodora, Fernandez, Juan, Mesana, Maribel, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, González, Esther, Gracia-Marco, Luis, Oves, Beatriz, Yngve, Agneta, Kugelberg, Susanna, Lynch, Christel, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nilsen, Bente B., Moore, Helen, Douthwaite, Wayne, Nixon, Catherine, Kreichauf, Susanne, Wildgruber, Andreas, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Zych, Kamila, Góźdź, Magdalena, Gurzkowska, Beata, Szott, Katarzyna, Lateva, Mina, Usheva, Natalya, Galcheva, Sonya, Marinova, Vanya, Radkova, Zhaneta, Feschieva, Nevyana, Aikenhead, Andrea, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Nethe, Aviva, Jansen, Jan, Gmeiner, Otto, Retterath, Jutta, Wildeis, Julia, Günthersberger, Axel, Gibson, Leigh, Voegele, Claus, Public and occupational health, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, and APH - Methodology

Subjects
Program evaluation, Male, Parents, Computer Games, Health Behavior, Psychological intervention, lcsh:Medicine, law.invention, Families, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, PARENTS, Belgium, law, PREVENT OBESITY, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, BALANCE-RELATED BEHAVIORS, 030212 general & internal medicine, Early childhood, lcsh:Science, Bulgaria, Children, Multidisciplinary, Schools, Data Processing, 4. Education, Physics, HEALTH-PROMOTION, TIME, Professions, Quiet, Child, Preschool, Physical Sciences, ACTIVE PLAY INTERVENTION, Female, Games, Information Technology, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Computer and Information Sciences, education, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, CONTROLLED-TRIAL, EARLY CHILDHOOD, White People, 03 medical and health sciences, Intervention (counseling), MEASURED PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Humans, SCHOOL-BASED INTERVENTIONS, Sedentary lifestyle, Behavior, business.industry, Computers, lcsh:R, Repeated measures design, Biology and Life Sciences, Teachers, Acoustics, Health promotion, Video Games, Age Groups, People and Places, Physical therapy, Recreation, lcsh:Q, Population Groupings, Sedentary Behavior, business, Program Evaluation
Abstract

Background The aim of the present study evaluated the effect and process of the ToyBox-intervention on proxy-reported sedentary behaviours in 4- to 6-year-old preschoolers from six European countries. Methods In total, 2434 preschoolers’ parents/primary caregivers (mean age: 4.7±0.4 years, 52.2% boys) filled out a questionnaire, assessing preschoolers’ sedentary behaviours (TV/DVD/video viewing, computer/video games use and quiet play) on weekdays and weekend days. Multilevel repeated measures analyses were conducted to measure the intervention effects. Additionally, process evaluation data were included to better understand the intervention effects. Results Positive intervention effects were found for computer/video games use. In the total sample, the intervention group showed a smaller increase in computer/video games use on weekdays (s = -3.40, p = 0.06; intervention: +5.48 min/day, control: +8.89 min/day) and on weekend days (s = -5.97, p = 0.05; intervention: +9.46 min/day, control: +15.43 min/day) from baseline to follow-up, compared to the control group. Country-specific analyses showed similar effects in Belgium and Bulgaria, while no significant intervention effects were found in the other countries. Process evaluation data showed relatively low teachers’ and low parents’ process evaluation scores for the sedentary behaviour component of the intervention (mean: 15.6/24, range: 2.5–23.5 and mean: 8.7/17, range: 0–17, respectively). Higher parents’ process evaluation scores were related to a larger intervention effect, but higher teachers’ process evaluation scores were not. Conclusions The ToyBox-intervention had a small, positive effect on European preschoolers’ computer/video games use on both weekdays and weekend days, but not on TV/DVD/video viewing or quiet play. The lack of larger effects can possibly be due to the fact that parents were only passively involved in the intervention and to the fact that the intervention was too demanding for the teachers. Future interventions targeting preschoolers' behaviours should involve parents more actively in both the development and the implementation of the intervention and, when involving schools, less demanding activities for teachers should be developed. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov NCT02116296

Published
2017

10. In VivoandEx VivoInflammatory Markers of Common Metabolic Phenotypes in Humans

Author

Mærkedahl, Rasmus Baadsgaard, primary, Frøkiær, Hanne, additional, Stenbæk, Marie Grøntved, additional, Nielsen, Camilla Betak, additional, Lind, Mads V., additional, Lundtoft, Christian, additional, Bohr, Marietta Boje, additional, Ibrügger, Sabine, additional, Metzdorff, Stine Broeng, additional, Vestergaard, Henrik, additional, Pedersen, Oluf, additional, and Lauritzen, Lotte, additional

Published
2018
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11. Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation without inducing major changes of the gut microbiome: a randomised cross-over trial

Author

Roager, Henrik Munch, primary, Vogt, Josef K, additional, Kristensen, Mette, additional, Hansen, Lea Benedicte S, additional, Ibrügger, Sabine, additional, Mærkedahl, Rasmus B, additional, Bahl, Martin Iain, additional, Lind, Mads Vendelbo, additional, Nielsen, Rikke L, additional, Frøkiær, Hanne, additional, Gøbel, Rikke Juul, additional, Landberg, Rikard, additional, Ross, Alastair B, additional, Brix, Susanne, additional, Holck, Jesper, additional, Meyer, Anne S, additional, Sparholt, Morten H, additional, Christensen, Anders F, additional, Carvalho, Vera, additional, Hartmann, Bolette, additional, Holst, Jens Juul, additional, Rumessen, Jüri Johannes, additional, Linneberg, Allan, additional, Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas, additional, Dalgaard, Marlene D, additional, Blennow, Andreas, additional, Frandsen, Henrik Lauritz, additional, Villas-Bôas, Silas, additional, Kristiansen, Karsten, additional, Vestergaard, Henrik, additional, Hansen, Torben, additional, Ekstrøm, Claus T, additional, Ritz, Christian, additional, Nielsen, Henrik Bjørn, additional, Pedersen, Oluf Borbye, additional, Gupta, Ramneek, additional, Lauritzen, Lotte, additional, and Licht, Tine Rask, additional

Published
2017
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12. Associations between food and beverage consumption and different types of sedentary behaviours in European preschoolers: the ToyBox-study

Author

Miguel-Berges, María L., Santaliestra-Pasias, Alba M., Mouratidou, Theodora, Androutsos, Odysseas, de Craemer, Marieke, Pinket, An Sofie, Birnbaum, Julia, Koletzko, Berthold, Iotova, Violeta, Usheva, Natalia, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Góźdź, Magdalena, Manios, Yannis, Moreno, Luis A., Yngve, Agneta, Aikenhead, Andrea, Wildgruber, Andreas, Strauß, Angelika, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Payr, Annette, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nethe, Aviva, Günthersberger, Axel, Gurzkowska, Beata, Oves, Beatriz, Nilsen, Bente B., Herbert, Birgit, Swinburn, Boyd, Vereecken, Carine, Summerbell, Carolyn, Nixon, Catherine, Lynch, Christel, Katsarou, Christina, Lambrinou, Christina Paulina, Geyer, Christine, Voegele, Claus, Ward, Dianne, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, De Decker, Ellen, González-Gil, Esther M., Grammatikaki, Eva, Buijs, Goof, Cardon, Greet, Moore, Helen, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, Jansen, Jan, Van Assche, Jo, Reilly, John, Fernandez, Juan, Wildeis, Julia, Retterath, Jutta, Zych, Kamila, Szott, Katarzyna, Duvinage, Kristin, Maes, Lea, Gibson, Leigh, Annemans, Lieven, Pil, Lore, Gracia-Marco, Luis, Tsirigoti, Lydia, Paw, Mai Chin A., Mesana, Maribel, Lateva, Mina, Feschieva, Nevyana, Gmeiner, Otto, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, Socha, Piotr, Ibrügger, Sabine, te Velde, Saskia, Galcheva, Sonya, De Henauw, Stefaan, Kugelberg, Susanna, Kreichauf, Susanne, Lobstein, Tim, Marinova, Vanya, Douthwaite, Wayne, Radkova, Zhaneta, and Epidemiology and Data Science

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Health Behavior, Medicine (miscellaneous), Child Behavior, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Overweight, White People, Body Mass Index, Beverages, 03 medical and health sciences, Screen time, 0302 clinical medicine, Environmental health, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Cluster Analysis, Humans, Processed meat, 030212 general & internal medicine, Obesity, Exercise, Beverage consumption, Nutrition and Dietetics, medicine.disease, Diet, Maternal education, Europe, Video Games, Child, Preschool, Physical therapy, %22">Fish , Female, Television, medicine.symptom, Sedentary Behavior, Snacks, Psychology, Body mass index
Abstract

© 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Objective: To examine the association between food and beverage consumption and time spent in different sedentary behaviours such as watching TV and DVDs, playing computer/video games and quiet play/activities in preschoolers. Methods: A sample of 6431 (51.8 % males) European preschoolers aged 3.5–5.5 years from six survey centres was included in the data analyses. Data on dietary habits and sedentary behaviours [watching TV, playing computer and quiet play (both during weekdays and weekend days)] were collected via standardized proxy-administered questionnaires. One-way analysis of covariance and general linear model (adjusted for sex, maternal education, body mass index and centre) were conducted. Results: The results of the generalized linear model showed that the more strong associations in both males and females who were watching TV for > 1 h/day during weekdays were positively associated with increased consumption of fizzy drinks (β = 0.136 for males and β = 0.156 for females), fresh and packed juices (β = 0.069, β = 0.089), sweetened milk (β = 0.119, β = 0.078), cakes and biscuits (β = 0.116, β = 0.145), chocolate (β = 0.052, β = 0.090), sugar-based desserts and pastries (β = 0.234, β = 0.250), salty snacks (β = 0.067, β = 0.056), meat/poultry/processed meat (β = 0.067, β = 0.090) and potatoes (β = 0.071, β = 0.067), and negative associations were observed for the consumption of fruits (β = −0.057, β = −0.099), vegetables (β = −0.056, β = −0.082) and fish (β = −0.013, β = −0.013). During weekend days, results were comparable. Conclusions: In European preschoolers, sedentary behaviours were associated with consumption of energy-dense foods and fizzy drinks. The present findings will contribute to improve the strategies to prevent overweight, obesity and nutrition-related chronic diseases from early childhood.

Published
2016

13. Effects on satiation, satiety and food intake of wholegrain and refined grain pasta

Author

Cioffi, Iolanda, Ibrügger, Sabine, Bache, Jessica, Thomassen, Mette Torp, Contaldo, Franco, Pasanisi, Fabrizio, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Cioffi, Iolanda, Ibrügger, Sabine, Bache, Jessica, Thomassen, Mette Torp, Contaldo, Franco, Pasanisi, Fabrizio, and Kristensen, Mette Bredal

Abstract

Wholegrains have received much attention in recent years due to their role in prevention of obesity and its comorbidities. Many studies about energy regulation are focused on the effect between meals (satiety), but the effect within meal (satiation) for wholegrain foods has not been extensively studied. The objective was to investigate the effect of WG pasta (WGP) compared to refined grain pasta (RGP), on ad libitum energy intake (EI) within and at the subsequent meal as well as appetite. Two different ad libitum lunch meals (study A) and two different iso-caloric lunch meals (study B) were administered in sixteen overweight/obese subjects in a crossover design. The test meals consisted of RGP and WGP served with tomato sauce. Study A: the ad libitum lunch meal was consumed then EI registered. Study B: the iso-caloric lunch meal was served, then subjective appetite sensation and breath hydrogen excretion were assessed for 240 min followed by an ad libitum meal where EI was calculated. Overall, WGP did not significantly differ in the effect on ad libitum EI within meal (p = 0.23) in study A. In study B, WGP resulted in an increased sensation of satiety (p < 0.001) and lower ratings of hunger (p < 0.001) without increased in breath hydrogen excretion (p = 0.11). Again, no overall effect on EI at the subsequent meal was seen (p = 0.12). In conclusion, WGP increased satiety, diminished hunger without modifying energy intake at the subsequent meals.

Published
2016

14. Designing and implementing teachers' training sessions in a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention to prevent obesity in early childhood. The ToyBox-study

Author

Androutsos, O., Katsarou, C., Payr, A., Birnbaum, J., Geyer, C., Wildgruber, A., Kreichauf, Susanne, Lateva, M., De Decker, E., De Craemer, M., Socha, P., Moreno, L., Iotova, V., Koletzko, B. V., Manios, Y., Grammatikaki, Eva, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, Duvinage, Kristin, Ibrügger, Sabine, Strauß, Angelika, Herbert, Birgit, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, Cardon, Greet, Annemans, Lieven, De Henauw, Stefaan, Maes, Lea, Vereecken, Carine, Assche, Jo Van, Pil, Lore, Paw, Mai Chin A., te Velde, Saskia, Mouratidou, Theodora, Fernandez, Juan, Mesana, Maribel, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, González-Gil, Esther M., Gracia-Marco, Luis, Oves, Beatriz, Yngve, Agneta, Kugelberg, Susanna, Lynch, Christel, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nilsen B., Bente B., Summerbell, Carolyn, Moore, Helen, Douthwaite, Wayne, Nixon, Catherine, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Zych, Kamila, Góźdź, Magdalena, Gurzkowska, Beata, Szott, Katarzyna, Usheva, Natalya, Galcheva, Sonya, Marinova, Vanya, Radkova, Zhaneta, Feschieva, Nevyana, Lobstein, Tim, Aikenhead, Andrea, Buijs, Goof, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Nethe, Aviva, Jansen, Jan, Gmeiner, Otto, Retterath, Jutta, Wildeis, Julia, Günthersberger, Axel, Gibson, Leigh, Voegele, Claus, Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes

Abstract

Since school-based interventions are mainly delivered by the school staff, they need to be well-trained and familiarized with the programme's aims, procedures and tools. Therefore, the institute, research group, governmental or non-governmental body in charge of the coordination and implementation of the programme needs to devote time and resources to train the school staff before programme's implementation. This is particularly crucial in multi-centre studies where more than one research teams are involved. Both research teams and school staff need to be trained, using standard protocols and procedures, to ensure that the intervention will be delivered in a standardized manner throughout the intervention centres. The ToyBox-intervention, a multi-component, kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention, focusing on water consumption, snacking, physical activity and sedentary behaviours in preschool children, was implemented over the academic year 2012-2013 in six European countries. As part of this intervention, three teachers' training sessions were delivered to motivate and train teachers in implementing the intervention. The local researchers were trained centrally before delivering the training sessions for the teachers and followed a common protocol using standardized presentations and procedures. The aim of the current paper is to describe the protocol and methodological issues related to the teachers' training sessions conducted within the ToyBox-intervention.

Published
2014

15. Designing and implementing a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention to prevent obesity in early childhood:The ToyBox-study

Author

Manios, Yannis, Androutsos, Odysseas, Katsarou, Christina, Iotova, Violeta, Socha, Piotr, Geyer, Christine, Moreno, Luis, Koletzko, Berthold, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, Reilly, John, Swinburn, Boyd, Ward, Dianne, Grammatikaki, Eva, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, Duvinage, Kristin, Ibrügger, Sabine, Strauß, Angelika, Herbert, Birgit, Birnbaum, Julia, Payr, Annette, Cardon, Greet, De Craemer, Marieke, De Decker, Ellen, Annemans, Lieven, De Henauw, Stefaan, Maes, Lea, Vereecken, Carine, Van Assche, Jo, Pil, Lore, Chin A Paw, Mai, te Velde, Saskia, Mouratidou, Theodora, Fernandez, Juan, Mesana, Maribel, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, González-Gil, Esther M., Gracia-Marco, Luis, Oves, Beatriz, Yngve, Agneta, Kugelberg, Susanna, Lynch, Christel, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nilsen, Bente B., Summerbell, Carolyn, Moore, Helen, Douthwaite, Wayne, Nixon, Catherine, Kreichauf, Susanne, Wildgruber, Andreas, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Zych, Kamila, Góźdź, Magdalena, Gurzkowska, Beata, Szott, Katarzyna, Lateva, Mina, Usheva, Natalya, Galcheva, Sonya, Marinova, Vanya, Radkova, Zhaneta, Feschieva, Nevyana, Lobstein, Tim, Aikenhead, Andrea, Buijs, Goof, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Nethe, Aviva, Jansen, Jan, Gmeiner, Otto, Retterath, Jutta, Wildeis, Julia, Günthersberger, Axel, Gibson, Leigh, Voegele, Claus, Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes

Abstract

The development of the ToyBox-intervention was based on the outcomes of the preliminary phase of the ToyBox-study, aiming to identify young children's key behaviours and their determinants related to early childhood obesity. The ToyBox-intervention is a multi-component, kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention with a cluster-randomized design, focusing on the promotion of water consumption, healthy snacking, physical activity and the reduction/ breaking up of sedentary time in preschool children and their families. The intervention was implemented during the academic year 2012-2013 in six European countries: Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland and Spain. Standardized protocols, methods, tools and material were used in all countries for the implementation of the intervention, as well as for the process, impact, outcome evaluation and the assessment of its cost-effectiveness. A total sample of 7,056 preschool children and their parents/caregivers, stratified by socioeconomic level, provided data during baseline measurements and participated in the intervention. The results of the ToyBox-study are expected to provide a better insight on behaviours associated with early childhood obesity and their determinants and identify effective strategies for its prevention. The aim of the current paper is to describe the design of the ToyBox-intervention and present the characteristics of the study sample as assessed at baseline, prior to the implementation of the intervention.

Published
2014

16. Process evaluation design and tools used in a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention to prevent obesity in early childhood. The ToyBox-study

Author

Androutsos, O., Apostolidou, E., Iotova, V., Socha, P., Birnbaum, J., Moreno, L., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Koletzko, B., Manios, Yannis, Grammatikaki, Eva, Katsarou, Christina, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, Duvinage, Kristin, Ibrügger, Sabine, Strauß, Angelika, Herbert, Birgit, Payr, Annette, Cardon, Greet, De Craemer, Marieke, De Decker, Ellen, Annemans, Lieven, De Henauw, Stefaan, Maes, Lea, Vereecken, Carine, Van Assche, Jo, Pil, Lore, Fernandez, Juan, te Velde, Saskia, Mouratidou, Theodora, Mesana, Maribel, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, González-Gil, Esther M., Mosdøl, Annhild, Oves, Beatriz, Yngve, Agneta, Kugelberg, Susanna, Lynch, Christel, Nilsen, Bente B., Summerbell, Carolyn, Moore, Helen, Douthwaite, Wayne, Nixon, Catherine, Kreichauf, Susanne, Wildgruber, Andreas, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Zych, Kamila, Góźdź, Magdalena, Gurzkowska, Beata, Szott, Katarzyna, Lateva, Mina, Usheva, Natalya, Galcheva, Sonya, Marinova, Vanya, Radkova, Zhaneta, Feschieva, Nevyana, Lobstein, Tim, Aikenhead, Andrea, Buijs, Goof, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Nethe, Aviva, Jansen, Jan, Gmeiner, Otto, Retterath, Jutta, Wildeis, Julia, Günthersberger, Axel, Gibson, Leigh, Voegele, Claus, Reilly, John, Swinburn, Boyd, Ward, Dianne, Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes

Subjects
education
Abstract

Summary: Process evaluation (PE) is used for the in-depth evaluation of the implementation process of health promotion programmes. The aim of the current paper was to present the PE design and tools used in the ToyBox-intervention. The PE design was based on a three-step approach, including the identification of ToyBox-specific PE elements (step 1), the development of PE tools and harmonization of procedures (step 2), and the implementation of PE using standardized protocol and tools across the intervention countries (step 3). Specifically, to evaluate the implementation of the intervention, teachers' monthly logbooks were recorded (dose delivered, fidelity, dose received); post-intervention questionnaires were completed by parents/caregivers and teachers (dose received); participation and attrition rates were recorded (recruitment, reach); and audit questionnaires and retrospective information on weather conditions were collected (physical and social environment within which the intervention was implemented). Regarding the teachers' training sessions, the researchers who performed the trainings completed evaluation forms and documented teachers' attendance after each training (dose delivered, fidelity, dose received) and teachers completed evaluation forms after each training (dose received). The PE performed in the ToyBox-intervention may contribute in the evaluation of its effectiveness, guide the revision of the intervention material and provide insights for future health promotion programmes and public health policy.

Published
2014

17. Tools, harmonization and standardization procedures of the impact and outcome evaluation indices obtained during a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention to prevent obesity in early childhood:The ToyBox-study

Author

Mouratidou, T., Miguel, M. L., Androutsos, O., Manios, Y., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Cardon, G., Kulaga, Z., Socha, P., Galcheva, S., Iotova, V., Payr, A., Koletzko, B., Moreno, L. A., Grammatikaki, Eva, Katsarou, Christina, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, Duvinage, Kristin, Ibrügger, Sabine, Strauß, Angelika, Herbert, Birgit, Birnbaum, Julia, Geyer, Christine, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, De Craemer, Marieke, De Decker, Ellen, Annemans, Lieven, De Henauw, Stefaan, Maes, Lea, Vereecken, Carine, Assche, Jo Van, Pil, Lore, Paw, Mai Chin A., te Velde, Saskia, Fernandez, Juan, Mesana, Maribel, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, González-Gil, Esther M., Gracia-Marco, Luis, Oves, Beatriz, Yngve, Agneta, Kugelberg, Susanna, Lynch, Christel, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nilsen B., Bente B., Summerbell, Carolyn, Moore, Helen, Douthwaite, Wayne, Nixon, Catherine, Kreichauf, Susanne, Wildgruber, Andreas, Zych, Kamila, Góźdź, Magdalena, Gurzkowska, Beata, Szott, Katarzyna, Lateva, Mina, Usheva, Natalya, Marinova, Vanya, Radkova, Zhaneta, Feschieva, Nevyana, Lobstein, Tim, Aikenhead, Andrea, Buijs, Goof, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Nethe, Aviva, Jansen, Jan, Gmeiner, Otto, Retterath, Jutta, Wildeis, Julia, Günthersberger, Axel, Gibson, Leigh, Voegele, Claus, Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes

Abstract

The ToyBox-intervention is a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention targeting multiple lifestyle behaviours in preschool children, their teachers and their families. This intervention was conducted in six European countries, namely Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland and Spain. The aim of this paper is to provide a descriptive overview of the harmonization and standardization procedures of the baseline and follow-up evaluation of the study (and substudies). Steps related to the study's operational, standardization and harmonization procedures as well as the impact and outcome evaluation assessment tools used are presented. Experiences from the project highlight the importance of safeguarding the measurement process to minimize data heterogeneity derived from potential measurement error and country-by-country differences. In addition, it was made clear that continuing quality control and support is an important component of such studies. For this reason, well-supported communication channels, such as regular email updates and teleconferences, and regular internal and external meetings to ensure smooth and accurate implementation were in place during the study. The ToyBox-intervention and its harmonized and standardized procedures can serve as a successful case study for future studies evaluating the efficacy of similar interventions.

Published
2014

18. Reliability of anthropometric measurements in European preschool children:The ToyBox-study

Author

De Miguel-Etayo, P., Mesana, M. I., Cardon, G., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Góźdź, M., Socha, P., Lateva, M., Iotova, V., Koletzko, B. V., Duvinage, K., Androutsos, O., Manios, Y., Moreno, L. A., Grammatikaki, Eva, Katsarou, Christina, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, Ibrügger, Sabine, Strauß, Angelika, Herbert, Birgit, Birnbaum, Julia, Payr, Annette, Geyer, Christine, De Craemer, Marieke, De Decker, Ellen, Annemans, Lieven, De Henauw, Stefaan, Maes, Lea, Vereecken, Carine, Assche, Jo Van, Pil, Lore, Paw, Mai Chin A., te Velde, Saskia, Mouratidou, Theodora, Fernandez, Juan, González-Gil, Esther M., Gracia-Marco, Luis, Oves, Beatriz, Yngve, Agneta, Kugelberg, Susanna, Lynch, Christel, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nilsen B., Bente B., Summerbell, Carolyn, Moore, Helen, Douthwaite, Wayne, Nixon, Catherine, Kreichauf, Susanne, Wildgruber, Andreas, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Zych, Kamila, Gurzkowska, Beata, Szott, Katarzyna, Usheva, Natalya, Galcheva, Sonya, Marinova, Vanya, Radkova, Zhaneta, Feschieva, Nevyana, Lobstein, Tim, Aikenhead, Andrea, Buijs, Goof, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Nethe, Aviva, Jansen, Jan, Gmeiner, Otto, Retterath, Jutta, Wildeis, Julia, Günthersberger, Axel, Gibson, Leigh, Voegele, Claus, Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes

Abstract

The ToyBox-study aims to develop and test an innovative and evidence-based obesity prevention programme for preschoolers in six European countries: Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland and Spain. In multicentre studies, anthropometric measurements using standardized procedures that minimize errors in the data collection are essential to maximize reliability of measurements. The aim of this paper is to describe the standardization process and reliability (intra- and inter-observer) of height, weight and waist circumference (WC) measurements in preschoolers. All technical procedures and devices were standardized and centralized training was given to the fieldworkers. At least seven children per country participated in the intra- and inter-observer reliability testing. Intra-observer technical error ranged from 0.00 to 0.03kg for weight and from 0.07 to 0.20cm for height, with the overall reliability being above 99%. A second training was organized for WC due to low reliability observed in the first training. Intra-observer technical error for WC ranged from 0.12 to 0.71cm during the first training and from 0.05 to 1.11cm during the second training, and reliability above 92% was achieved. Epidemiological surveys need standardized procedures and training of researchers to reduce measurement error. In the ToyBox-study, very good intra- and-inter-observer agreement was achieved for all anthropometric measurements performed.

Published
2014

19. Methodological procedures followed in a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention implemented in six European countries to prevent obesity in early childhood:The ToyBox-study

Author

Manios, Y., Androutsos, Odysseas, Grammatikaki, Eva, Katsarou, Christina, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, Koletzko, Berthold, Duvinage, Kristin, Ibrügger, Sabine, Strauß, Angelika, Herbert, Birgit, Birnbaum, Julia, Payr, Annette, Geyer, Christine, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, Cardon, Greet, Craemer, Marieke De, Decker, Ellen De, Annemans, Lieven, De Henauw, Stefaan, Maes, Lea, Vereecken, Carine, Assche, Jo Van, Pil, Lore, Paw, Mai Chin A., te Velde, Saskia, Moreno, Luis, Mouratidou, Theodora, Fernandez, Juan, Mesana, Maribel, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, González-Gil, Esther M., Gracia-Marco, Luis, Oves, Beatriz, Yngve, Agneta, Kugelberg, Susanna, Lynch, Christel, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nilsen B., Bente B., Summerbell, Carolyn, Moore, Helen, Douthwaite, Wayne, Nixon, Catherine, Kreichauf, Susanne, Wildgruber, Andreas, Socha, Piotr, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Zych, Kamila, Góźdź, Magdalena, Gurzkowska, Beata, Szott, Katarzyna, Iotova, Violeta, Lateva, Mina, Usheva, Natalya, Galcheva, Sonya, Marinova, Vanya, Radkova, Zhaneta, Feschieva, Nevyana, Lobstein, Tim, Aikenhead, Andrea, Buijs, Goof, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Nethe, Aviva, Jansen, Jan, Gmeiner, Otto, Retterath, Jutta, Wildeis, Julia, Günthersberger, Axel, Gibson, Leigh, Voegele, Claus, Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes

Published
2014

20. Establishing a method to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention to prevent obesity in early childhood. The ToyBox-study

Author

Pil, L., Putman, K., Cardon, G., De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, Manios, Y., Androutsos, O., Lateva, M., Iotova, V., Zych, K., Góźdź, M., González-Gil, E. M., De Miguel-Etayo, P., Geyer, C., Birnbaum, J., Annemans, Lieven, Grammatikaki, Eva, Katsarou, Christina, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, Koletzko, Berthold, Duvinage, Kristin, Ibrügger, Sabine, Strauß, Angelika, Herbert, Birgit, Payr, Annette, Craemer, Marieke De, Decker, Ellen De, De Henauw, Stefaan, Maes, Lea, Vereecken, Carine, Assche, Jo Van, Paw, Mai Chin A., te Velde, Saskia, Moreno, Luis, Mouratidou, Theodora, Fernandez, Juan, Mesana, Maribel, Gracia-Marco, Luis, Oves, Beatriz, Yngve, Agneta, Kugelberg, Susanna, Lynch, Christel, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nilsen B., Bente B., Summerbell, Carolyn, Moore, Helen, Douthwaite, Wayne, Nixon, Catherine, Kreichauf, Susanne, Wildgruber, Andreas, Socha, Piotr, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Gurzkowska, Beata, Szott, Katarzyna, Usheva, Natalya, Galcheva, Sonya, Marinova, Vanya, Radkova, Zhaneta, Feschieva, Nevyana, Lobstein, Tim, Aikenhead, Andrea, Buijs, Goof, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Nethe, Aviva, Jansen, Jan, Gmeiner, Otto, Retterath, Jutta, Wildeis, Julia, Günthersberger, Axel, Gibson, Leigh, Voegele, Claus, Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes

Subjects
health care economics and organizations
Abstract

Overweight and obesity in children are recognized as a major health problem. The ToyBox-intervention was developed with the aim of preventing obesity in pre-schoolers. Because it is increasingly important to inform policy makers not only on the effects of prevention interventions, but also on their costs and cost-effectiveness, our purpose was to establish a method to estimate the cost-effectiveness of the ToyBox-intervention. In order to estimate the long-term impact of the ToyBox-intervention on health and societal costs, extrapolations of the intervention effect will be conducted to predict children's weight status (based on the body mass index) at adult age. Effects of the adult weight status on the prevalence of obesity-related complications will be modelled through a Markov model, with a total time horizon of 70 years and a cycle length of 1 year. The model will be conducted in six European countries participating in the ToyBox-intervention, based on country-specific economic and epidemiological data. This study describes the methodological rationale and implementation of an analytic model to examine the cost-effectiveness of the ToyBox-intervention for six European countries, in order to inform decision-makers on the value for money of this intervention in the prevention of obesity in pre-schoolers.

Published
2014

21. Reliability of primary caregivers reports on lifestyle behaviours of European pre-school children: The ToyBox-study

Author

González-Gil, E. M., Mouratidou, T., Cardon, G., Androutsos, O., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Góźdź, M., Usheva, N., Birnbaum, Julia, Manios, Y., Moreno, L. A., Grammatikaki, Eva, Katsarou, Christina, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, Koletzko, Berthold, Duvinage, Kristin, Ibrügger, Sabine, Strauß, Angelika, Herbert, Birgit, Payr, Annette, Geyer, Christine, De Craemer, Marieke, De Decker, Ellen, Annemans, Lieven, De Henauw, Stefaan, Maes, Lea, Vereecken, Carine, Assche, Jo Van, Pil, Lore, Paw, Mai Chin A., te Velde, Saskia, Fernandez, Juan, Mesana, Maribel, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, Gracia-Marco, Luis, Oves, Beatriz, Yngve, Agneta, Kugelberg, Susanna, Lynch, Christel, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nilsen B., Bente B., Summerbell, Carolyn, Moore, Helen, Douthwaite, Wayne, Nixon, Catherine, Kreichauf, Susanne, Wildgruber, Andreas, Socha, Piotr, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Zych, Kamila, Gurzkowska, Beata, Szott, Katarzyna, Iotova, Violeta, Lateva, Mina, Galcheva, Sonya, Marinova, Vanya, Radkova, Zhaneta, Feschieva, Nevyana, Lobstein, Tim, Aikenhead, Andrea, Buijs, Goof, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Nethe, Aviva, Jansen, Jan, Gmeiner, Otto, Retterath, Jutta, Wildeis, Julia, Günthersberger, Axel, Gibson, Leigh, Voegele, Claus, Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes

Abstract

Reliable assessments of health-related behaviours are necessary for accurate evaluation on the efficiency of public health interventions. The aim of the current study was to examine the reliability of a self-administered primary caregivers questionnaire (PCQ) used in the ToyBox-intervention. The questionnaire consisted of six sections addressing sociodemographic and perinatal factors, water and beverages consumption, physical activity, snacking and sedentary behaviours. Parents/caregivers from six countries (Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Poland and Spain) were asked to complete the questionnaire twice within a 2-week interval. A total of 93 questionnaires were collected. Test-retest reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Reliability of the six questionnaire sections was assessed. A stronger agreement was observed in the questions addressing sociodemographic and perinatal factors as opposed to questions addressing behaviours. Findings showed that 92% of the ToyBox PCQ had a moderate-to-excellent test-retest reliability (defined as ICC values from 0.41 to 1) and less than 8% poor test-retest reliability (ICC

Published
2014

22. Concepts and strategies on how to train and motivate teachers to implement a kindergarten-based, family-involved intervention to prevent obesity in early childhood. The ToyBox-study

Author

Payr, A., Birnbaum, J., Wildgruber, A., Kreichauf, S., Androutsos, O., Lateva, M., Decker, Ellen De, De Craemer, M., Iotova, V., Koletzko, B., Grammatikaki, Eva, Katsarou, Christina, Apostolidou, Eftychia, Efstathopoulou, Eirini, Duvinage, Kristin, Ibrügger, Sabine, Strauß, Angelika, Herbert, Birgit, Geyer, Christine, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, Cardon, Greet, Craemer, Marieke De, Annemans, Lieven, De Henauw, Stefaan, Maes, Lea, Vereecken, Carine, Assche, Jo Van, Pil, Lore, Paw, Mai Chin A., te Velde, Saskia, Moreno, Luis, Mouratidou, Theodora, Fernandez, Juan, Mesana, Maribel, De Miguel-Etayo, Pilar, González-Gil, Esther M., Gracia-Marco, Luis, Oves, Beatriz, Yngve, Agneta, Kugelberg, Susanna, Lynch, Christel, Mosdøl, Annhild, Nilsen B., Bente B., Summerbell, Carolyn, Moore, Helen, Douthwaite, Wayne, Nixon, Catherine, Socha, Piotr, Kulaga, Zbigniew, Zych, Kamila, Góźdź, Magdalena, Gurzkowska, Beata, Szott, Katarzyna, Usheva, Natalya, Galcheva, Sonya, Marinova, Vanya, Radkova, Zhaneta, Feschieva, Nevyana, Lobstein, Tim, Aikenhead, Andrea, Buijs, Goof, Dorgelo, Annemiek, Nethe, Aviva, Jansen, Jan, Gmeiner, Otto, Retterath, Jutta, Wildeis, Julia, Günthersberger, Axel, Gibson, Leigh, Voegele, Claus, Epidemiology and Data Science, and EMGO - Lifestyle, overweight and diabetes

Abstract

The key person for the implementation of kindergarten-based behavioural interventions is the kindergarten teacher. When conducting intervention studies in kindergartens, training sessions are needed to train and motivate kindergarten teachers for programme implementation. This paper presents the systematic development of the teachers' trainings executed in the ToyBox-intervention - a kindergarten-based and family-involved obesity prevention programme for children aged 4-6. Based on concepts for the education of kindergarten teachers, on general strategies for successful programme implementation and on the ToyBox programme-specific requirements, the aims of the teachers' trainings were defined and an overall concept was deduced. Regarding the concept for the ToyBox teachers' training sessions, it is concluded that the training modules should focus on presenting information on the practical implementation of the intervention. Furthermore, these modules should also include self-efficacy enhancing components and should give kindergarten teachers opportunities to share experiences. Regarding the didactic methods applied in the ToyBox teachers' training sessions, constructivist learning approaches that facilitate active participation, reflective thinking and personal involvement were implemented. Emphasis was put not only on the content but especially on the didactic methods of teachers' trainings in order to enhance devotion to, and quality and sustainability of the ToyBox-intervention.

Published
2014

23. The Effect of Wholegrain on Appetite:Short- and Long-Term Effects and the Potential Role of Colonic Fermentation

Author

Ibrügger, Sabine and Ibrügger, Sabine

Abstract

Background: Wholegrain consumption is suggested to improve short-term appetite sensation. This may occur immediately after wholegrain intake but also after a second meal. The latter may potentially be mediated by short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) that are generated during colonic fermentation of wholegrain components. Little is, however, known how regular wholegrain intake influences appetite sensation. Hypothetically, an increase in satiety-inducing gut hormones, due to steady colonic fermentation upon regular wholegrain intake, may lead to an improvement of the overall appetite sensation. In the long run, regular wholegrain intake may also reduce body weight due to reoccurring short- and long-term effects on appetite. Aim: This PhD thesis investigates the effects of selected wholegrain products on appetite after a second meal, as well as the effects of sustained wholegrain intake on overall appetite sensation with special attention to the role of colonic fermentation. Further, the impact of regular wholegrain intake on body weight is investigated. Methods: In a second meal study we studied the effects of two coarse wholegrain rye evening meals on subjective appetite after a standardized breakfast and on ad libitum energy intake at lunch at the subsequent day compared to white wheat bread. In a human intervention study we investigated the effects of 8-week ad libitum consumption of a mixed wholegrain diet on appetite after a standardized, non-wholegrain breakfast, on ad libitum energy intake at a subsequent lunch, and on body weight compared to 8-week refined grain consumption. Furthermore, in a crosssectional study we studied the associations between habitual wholegrain intake and appetite after a standardized, non-wholegrain breakfast, ad libitum energy intake at lunch and body weight. In the three studies we approximated colonic fermentation by measuring the excretion of hydrogen in the breath. Moreover, we de

Published
2015

24. In Vivo and Ex Vivo Inflammatory Markers of Common Metabolic Phenotypes in Humans.

Author

Mærkedahl, Rasmus Baadsgaard, Frøkiær, Hanne, Stenbæk, Marie Grøntved, Nielsen, Camilla Betak, Lind, Mads V., Lundtoft, Christian, Bohr, Marietta Boje, Ibrügger, Sabine, Metzdorff, Stine Broeng, Vestergaard, Henrik, Pedersen, Oluf, and Lauritzen, Lotte

Abstract

Background: Low-grade systemic inflammation (LGSI) is often characterized by elevated levels of interleukin (IL)6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Other serum proteins, ex vivo-stimulated cytokine production, and leukocyte count have, however, also been suggested LGSI-markers, but their associations with the metabolic syndrome (MS) are less clear. We aimed to evaluate mutual relationships between in vivo and ex vivo inflammatory markers and their association with MS and its subcomponents. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 118 overweight adults with one or several features of MS. Inflammatory markers included fasting serum levels of IL6, TNFα, CRP, and pentraxin-3 (PTX3), IL1-receptors, leukocytes, and whole-blood ex vivo-produced IL1β, IL6, TNFα, and IL8 after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Results: All classical serum LGSI-markers correlated with each other, and IL6 and CRP were also correlated with leukocyte count. Ex vivo-produced cytokines were intercorrelated and correlated with leukocyte count, but did not correlate with the serum immune markers. MS score, body mass index, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were associated with 8%-16% higher inflammatory score per standard deviation increment ( P = 0.030, 0.001, and 0.034, respectively), primarily driven by higher serum IL6. Serum PTX3 was only significantly associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.19[1.04; 1.37], P = 0.013). HbA1c was inversely associated with surface expression of IL1R1 on monocytes and IL1R2 on granulocytes ( P < 0.01) and with a 3%-9% lower ex vivo production of cytokines when adjusting for leukocyte count, as were plasma triacylglycerol (9%-10% lower IL1β and IL6). Leukocyte count was most consistently associated with MS and its subcomponents, although not with HbA1. Conclusions: The classical fasting serum markers of LGSI and leukocyte counts associated best with measures of MS-associated LGSI, whereas ex vivo cytokine production was only associated with prevailing glycemia and dyslipidemia. Taken together, this indicates that the relationship between in vivo and ex vivo inflammatory markers is complex and may depend on the MS phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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25. Two randomized cross-over trials assessing the impact of dietary gluten or wholegrain on the gut microbiome and host metabolic health

Author

Ibrügger, Sabine, Gøbel, Rikke Juul, Vestergaard, Henrik, Licht, Tine Rask, Frøkiær, Hanne, Linneberg, Allan René, Hansen, Torben, Gupta, Ramneek, Pedersen, Oluf Borbye, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Lauritzen, Lotte, Ibrügger, Sabine, Gøbel, Rikke Juul, Vestergaard, Henrik, Licht, Tine Rask, Frøkiær, Hanne, Linneberg, Allan René, Hansen, Torben, Gupta, Ramneek, Pedersen, Oluf Borbye, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, and Lauritzen, Lotte

Published
2014

26. Extracted oat and barley β-glucans do not affect cholesterol metabolism in young healthy adults

Author

Ibrügger, Sabine, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Poulsen, Malene Wibe, Mikkelsen, Mette Skau, Ejsing, Johnny, Jespersen, Birthe P Møller, Dragsted, Lars Ove, Engelsen, Søren Balling, Bügel, Susanne Gjedsted, Ibrügger, Sabine, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Poulsen, Malene Wibe, Mikkelsen, Mette Skau, Ejsing, Johnny, Jespersen, Birthe P Møller, Dragsted, Lars Ove, Engelsen, Søren Balling, and Bügel, Susanne Gjedsted

Abstract

β-Glucans are known to exhibit hypocholesterolemic effects. Increased intestinal viscosity is thought to be crucial for cholesterol lowering. It is suggested that concentration, molecular mass, and structure, including the ratio of (1→3) to (1→4) glucan bonds in the molecule, are of importance for β-glucan functionality. This study investigates the effects of 3 different β-glucan sources, incorporated into a beverage and yogurt, on blood lipids and fecal endpoints. Fourteen participants completed this randomized, crossover, single-blinded study with four 3-wk periods: control and 3.3 g/d oat, barley, and barley mutant β-glucans of similar molecular mass. Before and after each period, fasting and postprandial blood samples were drawn and 3-d fecal samples were collected. Treatment did not affect changes in total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol compared with control; however, consumption of 3.3 g/d of oat β-glucans for 3 wk resulted in greater decreases in total (-0.29 ± 0.09 mmol/L, P <0.01), LDL (-0.23 ± 0.07 mmol/L, P <0.01), and HDL (-0.05 ± 0.0.3 mmol/L, P <0.05) cholesterol compared with baseline. Changes in LDL in the β-glucan treatments were not related to β-glucan structure (cellotriosyl:cellotetraosyl). Decreases in fasting triacylglycerol were substantially greater after oat β-glucan treatment compared with control (P = 0.03). Fecal dry and wet weight, stool frequency, fecal pH, and energy excretion were unaffected. The results do not fully support the hypocholesterolemic effects by differently structured oat and barley β-glucans. However, substantial differences compared with baseline suggest a potential for oat β-glucan, presumably due to its higher solubility and viscosity. This underlines the importance of elusive structural β-glucan features for beneficial physiologic effects.

Published
2013

27. Fuldkorn, Visceral fedt og Insulin Resistens

Author

Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Ibrügger, Sabine, Lind, Mads Vendelbo, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Ibrügger, Sabine, and Lind, Mads Vendelbo

Abstract

Baggrund: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) er et stigende globalt problem. Kosten spiller en væsentlig rolle i udviklingen af T2D, og et højt indtag af fuldkorn er blevet stærkt associeret med en nedsat risiko for at udvikle T2D og insulinresistens (IR). Der er dog brug for randomiserede kontrollerede studier (RCT) til at undersøge kausaliteten imellem indtag af fuldkorn og udviklingen af T2D og IR. Abdominal fedme og specielt visceral fedt er blevet associeret med udvikling af T2D og IR. Det er endvidere blevet vist, at indtag af fuldkorn er omvendt associeret med abdominal fedme. Det er blevet foreslået, at sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) kan bruges som en præcis og pålidelig målemetode af visceral fedme til brug i epidemiologiske studier. Målemetoden skulle endda være endnu bedre end den mere almindelig anvendte metode, talje omkreds (WC). Formålet: Det første formål med dette speciale er at undersøge, om indtag af fuldkornsprodukter kan nedsætte IR sammenlignet med indtag af raffinerede kornprodukter. Dette bliver målt ved at bruge en homeostatisk model til vurdering af insulinresistens (HOMA-IR). Det andet formål med forsøget er, at undersøge om SAD er en bedre markør for IR end WC. Det bliver også undersøgt om fuldkornsprodukter kan nedsætte abdominal fedme målt som SAD, og dermed nedsætte IR. Design: Studiet er designet som et ikke blindet RCT med et parallelt design. Nitten overvægtige eller fede, mænd og kvinder, med en metabolisk risikomarkør, blev randomiseret til enten at modtage fuldkornsprodukter (>75 g fuldkorn/dag) eller raffinerede kornprodukter(<10 g fuldkorn/dag) i 8 uger. Antropometriske målinger, blodtryk og fastende blodprøver blev foretaget i begyndelsen og slutningen af interventionsperioden. Resultater: Forsøgspersonerne i studiet havde en høj indtag af interventionskosten. Begge grupper havde et højt indtag af forsøgsprodukter (Fuldkornsgruppen (WGG):282±36.4 vs. R, Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an increasing problem worldwide. The diet influences the development of T2D and consumption of whole grain has been strongly associated with a decreased risk for developing T2D and insulin resistance (IR). However, there is a need for randomized controlled trials (RCT) for examining the causality between intake of whole grain foods and development of T2D and IR. Abdominal fat and especially visceral fat is also associated with development of T2D and is inversely associated with whole grain intake. Sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) has been proposed to be a precise and reliable measurement of visceral fat for use in epidemiological settings. The measurement could be even better compared to the commonly used method, waist circumference (WC). Objective: The first objective of this master thesis was to investigate whether whole grain foods compared to refined grain foods can decrease IR measured with the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The second aim was to examine if SAD is a better marker of IR than WC. Furthermore, the effect of whole grain foods on abdominal obesity, measured by SAD, was compared to refined grain foods. Design: The present study was conducted as an open-labeled RCT with a parallel design. Nineteen overweight or obese, men and women, with one metabolic risk marker, were randomized to receive either whole grain foods (>75 g whole grain/day) or refined grain foods (<10 g whole grain/day) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, and fasting blood samples were collected at the beginning and end of the intervention period. Results: A high compliance was seen in both intervention groups for total product intake (Whole graingroup (WGG):282±36.4 vs. Refined Grain-group (RGG): 258±33.0 g/day, p=0.147) as well as total whole grain intake (WGG: 190.0±26.8 vs. RGG: 8.33±3.4 g/day, p<0.001). Over

Published
2013

28. Effects of long term whole grain consumption on appetite and colonic fermentation: an available case analysis based on the 3G study - a randomized, controlled, openl labelled, cross over trial

Author

Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Ibrügger, Sabine, Hollænder, Pernille Lærke Bjørndal, Kristensen, Mette Bredal, Ibrügger, Sabine, and Hollænder, Pernille Lærke Bjørndal

Abstract

Objectives: Overweight and obesity are among the leading contributors to global mortality and at least 2.8 million adults die each year as a result of being overweight or obese. Observational studies have found whole grain (WG) to be negatively associated with overweight and obesity conditions. It has been observed that WG may affect appetite regulation, and thereby help manage energy intake (EI) and body weight, hypothetically through increased colonic fermentation. Design: The current study was designed as a randomized, controlled, open-labelled, cross-over intervention Subjects: Volunteers included two men and nine women aged 37-65 years with BMI ranging from 24.4- 34.1 kg/m2. Moreover they all had one metabolic risk factor, but were overall healthy. Interventions: Subjects were included in two eight week experimental periods divided by six week washout. Participants were randomly assigned to interventions. During the interventions participants substituted all habitually consumed cereal products with either high whole grain products (HWG) or low whole grain products (LWG). In total a minimum of 75g WG and maximum of 10g WG were to be consumed in the respective interventions. The participants visited the facility fasting for examination every first and last day of each intervention, where voluntary EI was assessed directly as an ad libitum meal, whereas hunger and satiety was assessed indirectly by Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) every 30min during 180min. Colonic fermentation was measured indirectly as breath hydrogen (BH2), fasting and every 30 min during 0-180min with a hand held Gastro+ Gastrolyzer®. Results: The HWG intervention showed a weak tendency of increased hunger (0-180min total Area Under the Curve(tAUC))(p=0.13), and a significant larger ad libitum intake (p<0.01) whereas satiety was attenuated (0-180min tAUC)(p<0.01) compared to post LWG intervention. Colonic fermentation was not significantly affected at fasting

Published
2013

29. Oat and barley ß-glucans induce satiety and reduce energy intake - a study on acute and longer-term effects

Author

Kristensen, Mette, Poulsen, M.E., Mikkelsen, Mette Skau, Ibrügger, Sabine, Ejsing, J., Dragsted, Lars Ove, Jespersen, Birthe P Møller, Engelsen, Søren Balling, Bügel, Susanne Gjedsted, Kristensen, Mette, Poulsen, M.E., Mikkelsen, Mette Skau, Ibrügger, Sabine, Ejsing, J., Dragsted, Lars Ove, Jespersen, Birthe P Møller, Engelsen, Søren Balling, and Bügel, Susanne Gjedsted

Published
2011

34. Whole grain-rich diet reduces body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation without inducing major changes of the gut microbiome: a randomised cross-over trial.

Author

Roager HM, Vogt JK, Kristensen M, Hansen LBS, Ibrügger S, Mærkedahl RB, Bahl MI, Lind MV, Nielsen RL, Frøkiær H, Gøbel RJ, Landberg R, Ross AB, Brix S, Holck J, Meyer AS, Sparholt MH, Christensen AF, Carvalho V, Hartmann B, Holst JJ, Rumessen JJ, Linneberg A, Sicheritz-Pontén T, Dalgaard MD, Blennow A, Frandsen HL, Villas-Bôas S, Kristiansen K, Vestergaard H, Hansen T, Ekstrøm CT, Ritz C, Nielsen HB, Pedersen OB, Gupta R, Lauritzen L, and Licht TR

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose metabolism, Cross-Over Studies, Denmark, Diet, Energy Intake, Feces microbiology, Female, Humans, Inflammation diet therapy, Insulin Resistance, Interleukin-6 blood, Lipids blood, Male, Metabolomics, Middle Aged, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Inflammation blood, Weight Loss, Whole Grains
Abstract

Objective: To investigate whether a whole grain diet alters the gut microbiome and insulin sensitivity, as well as biomarkers of metabolic health and gut functionality., Design: 60 Danish adults at risk of developing metabolic syndrome were included in a randomised cross-over trial with two 8-week dietary intervention periods comprising whole grain diet and refined grain diet, separated by a washout period of ≥6 weeks. The response to the interventions on the gut microbiome composition and insulin sensitivity as well on measures of glucose and lipid metabolism, gut functionality, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and urine metabolomics were assessed., Results: 50 participants completed both periods with a whole grain intake of 179±50 g/day and 13±10 g/day in the whole grain and refined grain period, respectively. Compliance was confirmed by a difference in plasma alkylresorcinols (p<0.0001). Compared with refined grain, whole grain did not significantly alter glucose homeostasis and did not induce major changes in the faecal microbiome. Also, breath hydrogen levels, plasma short-chain fatty acids, intestinal integrity and intestinal transit time were not affected. The whole grain diet did, however, compared with the refined grain diet, decrease body weight (p<0.0001), serum inflammatory markers, interleukin (IL)-6 (p=0.009) and C-reactive protein (p=0.003). The reduction in body weight was consistent with a reduction in energy intake, and IL-6 reduction was associated with the amount of whole grain consumed, in particular with intake of rye., Conclusion: Compared with refined grain diet, whole grain diet did not alter insulin sensitivity and gut microbiome but reduced body weight and systemic low-grade inflammation., Trial Registration Number: NCT01731366; Results., Competing Interests: Competing interests: MV Lind was partly supported by an unrestricted grant from Cereal Partners Worldwide, a joint venture between Nestlé SA and General Mills Ltd. There were no conflict of interest to declare for the other authors. Intervention products were sponsored by Kohberg, Lantmännen, AXA, Wasa, Urtekram, Finax and Doves Farm. Sponsors of grants and products played no role in the design, methods, data management and analysis nor in the decision to publish., (© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2019. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.)

Published
2019
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