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Abstract Background Primary spinal epidural lymphoma (PSEL) is one of the rarest categories of tumors. Spinal cord compression is an uncommon primary manifestation and requires to be treated with surgery for the purpose of diagnosis and decompression. Case Presentation A 45-year-old man presented with a new onset thoracic pain and progress to an anterior spinal syndrome with hypoesthesia and loss of thermalgesia. Magnetic resonance image showed a paravertebral mass that produces medullary compression at T3. The patient was taken up to surgery, where the pathology examination showed a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Conclusions PSEL is a pathological entity, which must be considered on a middle-aged man who began with radicular compression, and the treatment of choice is decompression and biopsy. The specific management has not been established yet, but the literature suggests chemotherapy and radiotherapy; however, the outcome is unclear.

Background: Chordomas are malignant tumors that arise from the remnants of the notochord. Complete en bloc radical resection with postoperative radiation therapy is currently considered the gold standard. Here, we performed a 360-staged approach to manage a C3-C4 chordoma that involved the right vertebral artery. Case Description: A 40-year-old woman presented with a C3-C4 chordoma that invaded the right vertebral artery. She responded well to a circumferential approach including resection and stabilization. Conclusion: A 40-year-old woman with a C3-C4 spinal chordoma was optimally managed with a combined anterior/posterior surgical approach including decompression/fusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thrombosis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) is extremely rare, being central catheterization the most common cause. We present a case of a patient with an unusual appearance of neurological symptoms as a consequence of thrombosis of the IJV secondary to miliary tuberculosis. Case Description: A 30-year-old woman with disseminated tuberculosis, with multiple lymphadenopathy, axillary, cervical, mesenteric, retroperitoneal, and inguinal, presented with clinical evidence of intracranial hypertension. A diagnostic cerebral angiography was performed, which revealed an occluded left internal jugular and venous stasis in the entire cerebral venous system. The patient was treated with low-molecular-weight heparin, with which she had an adequate evolution. Conclusion: Tuberculosis is capable of generating a state of hypercoagulability, in addition to a mechanical compression effect due to cervical lymphadenopathy. We report an unusual clinical presentation, with intracranial involvement due to IJV thrombosis secondary to miliary tuberculosis. So far, there are no cases with a similar presentation described above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thrombosis of the internal jugular vein (IJV) is extremely rare, being central catheterization the most common cause. We present a case of a patient with an unusual appearance of neurological symptoms as a consequence of thrombosis of the IJV secondary to miliary tuberculosis. Case Description: A 30-year-old woman with disseminated tuberculosis, with multiple lymphadenopathy, axillary, cervical, mesenteric, retroperitoneal, and inguinal, presented with clinical evidence of intracranial hypertension. A diagnostic cerebral angiography was performed, which revealed an occluded left internal jugular and venous stasis in the entire cerebral venous system. The patient was treated with low-molecular-weight heparin, with which she had an adequate evolution. Conclusion: Tuberculosis is capable of generating a state of hypercoagulability, in addition to a mechanical compression effect due to cervical lymphadenopathy. We report an unusual clinical presentation, with intracranial involvement due to IJV thrombosis secondary to miliary tuberculosis. So far, there are no cases with a similar presentation described above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs) are benign extra-axial tumors that originate from the choroid plexus; these tumors rarely have metastases, being at the spinal level the location with few reported cases. Case Description: We report the case of a 48-year-old man with a history of atypical fourth ventricular CPP and gross total resection (GTR) in 2008. In 2015, he presented with radicular pain, decreased strength, and paresthesia in the left leg. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a well-defined intradural ovoid lesion in the vertebral canal at the level of the L3-L4 intersomatic space. Subtotal resection of the tumor was performed. The patient recovered well, with relief of pain and no neurological deficit. A literature research few cases of CPP metastasis in adults. We describe here a fifth-decade male patient with a lumbar neoplasm, which according to the histopathologic characteristics and location is the first case of an atypical papilloma implant of the choroid plexus at this spinal level. Conclusion: GTR of primary lesions and associated implants remains the gold standard for surgical treatment of CPP. Radiotherapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, and chemotherapy are adjuvant therapies for CPP but there is no definitive protocol for the management of implants. Proper follow-up of these patients is essential since spinal drop can appear many years after the initial presentation of CPP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract  We report a 3-year-6-month-old boy with chordoid meningioma in the foramen magnum. Chordoid meningioma represents between 0.5 and 1.0% of all meningiomas, and it is frequently located in the supratentorial region. The patient started with an episode of instability, falls, and headache; after which, he developed cuadriparesis, cervical pain, and neck stiffness, which slightly improved after medical treatment, so he was referred to our hospital. Physical examination revealed left hemiparesis and cervical muscle spasm with left torticollis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated an intradural–extramedullary well-circumscribed, homogeneous enhancing mass, in the anterior part of the foramen magnum with cervical extension. The operative technique was the extreme-lateral craniocervical retrocondylar approach with total removal and dural coagulation. Histopathological examination demonstrated a chordoid meningioma, with meningotelial basophilic mucoid chordoma-like component in 80% of the tissue. The immunohistochemical stains were positive to epithelial membrane antigen, vimentin, and S-100 protein. At 10 months follow-up, the patient showed improvement in his neurological deficit with physical rehabilitation, and motor response in his extremities are now normal; neck stiffness with cervical spasm disappeared postoperatively. MRI showed no residual tumor. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a chordoid meningioma on the foramen magnum in a child. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Henoch-Shonlein syndrome (HSS) and Kawasaki disease (KD), are the commonest systemic vasculitis in childhood. There are some cases reported of visceral hemorrhagic complications, cerebral hemorrhage is rare. We presented a girl patient of 4 years old, with symptoms since 2 years of age, characterized by fever, cardiac failure associated whit myocardial ischemia, aneurysmatic dilation of both coronary arteries, echocardiography made the diagnoses of KD. Six months later, the patient complains abdominal pain and distention. At 4 years of age complain headache, right hemicorporal paresis whit a CT scan, showed frontoparietal hemorrhage. The treatment required it was surgical remotion. The outcome improves until complete recovery. Hemorrhagic complications in KD and HSS are extremely rare and involve high morbidity and mortality. Often the treatment required is only medical and conservative measures for immunologic disease. Is rare to need surgical treatment for intracerebral hemorrhage.There's no reported cases of cerebral hemorrhage with both diagnosis (KD and HSS) why the authors present this case and literature review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Henoch-Shonlein syndrome (HSS) and Kawasaki disease (KD), are the commonest systemic vasculitis in childhood. There are some cases reported of visceral hemorrhagic complications, cerebral hemorrhage is rare. We presented a girl patient of 4 years old, with symptoms since 2 years of age, characterized by fever, cardiac failure associated whit myocardial ischemia, aneurysmatic dilation of both coronary arteries, echocardiography made the diagnoses of KD. Six months later, the patient complains abdominal pain and distention. At 4 years of age complain headache, right hemicorporal paresis whit a CT scan, showed frontoparietal hemorrhage. The treatment required it was surgical remotion. The outcome improves until complete recovery. Hemorrhagic complications in KD and HSS are extremely rare and involve high morbidity and mortality. Often the treatment required is only medical and conservative measures for immunologic disease. Is rare to need surgical treatment for intracerebral hemorrhage. There's no reported cases of cerebral hemorrhage with both diagnosis (KD and HSS) why the authors present this case and literature review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary spontaneous midbrain hemorrhage is a rare clinical event and their principal manifestation are neuroophthalmologic abnormalities; as a rule if are of a larger extent, there will be other symptoms as well. This disease is associated with vascular malformation in the brain stem and in some cases is indicated the surgical treatment for evacuation of a blood clot. We present the case of a male patient healthy previous, that presented with ocular pain and retro-ocular and oculomotor nerve palsy, to add posterior days cerebelar disease and by neuroimagen a lesion in the tegmentum of the midbrain compatible with a blood clot, the patient had improvement only by conservator treatment.[sic] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary spontaneous midbrain hemorrhage is a rare clinical event and their principal manifestation are neuroophthalmologic abnormalities; as a rule if are of a larger extent, there will be other symptoms as well. This disease is associated with vascular malformation in the brain stem and in some cases is indicated the surgical treatment for evacuation of a blood clot. We present the case of a male patient healthy previous, that presented with ocular pain and retro-ocular and oculomotor nerve palsy, to add posterior days cerebelar disease and by neuroimagen a lesion in the tegmentum of the midbrain compatible with a blood clot, the patient had improvement only by conservator treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Germinoma is the most common of intracranial germ-cell tumors. These neoplasms generally appear in middle-line structures, especially in suprasellar and pineal regions; germinomas arising from lateral structures adjacent to cerebral ventricles, such as basal ganglia and thalamus are very rare, with unique clinical and imaging features. We present a case of germinoma of the basal ganglia and thalamus, diagnosed and treated at the Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, in Mexico City. The patient was an 8-year-old boy with precocious puberty, hypernatremia, left hemiparesis, behaviour disorders, and intracranial hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tumors of the skull are 1-2% the all bone masses, they may be primary, secondary or proliferative, paraneoplastic lesion. Are cause principals symptoms and signs mass, headache, and palsies of one or several cranial nerves. The diagnosis by X ray, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The treatment is surgical, by biopsy, resection of the lesion and following for management with therapy of radiation or systemic. Objective: to demonstrate the surgical experience in 15 patients with tumors of the skull, with treatment in the Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad, PEMEX. Method and clinical material: from June 2003 to October 2005, retrospective review of 15 patients with diagnosis of tumors of the skull, they with treatment in the Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad, PEMEX. Results: fifth teen patients with tumors of the skull, 8 males and 7 women, ages of 2 to 71 years old (media 41.3 years old); the diagnosis was fibrous dysplasia 4/15 patients, metastasis, osteoma, hemangioma and plasmocytoma 2/15 patients each one, pseudotumor inflammatory, congenital inclusion cyst and Langerhans cell histiocytosis 1/15 patients each one; the surgical treatment was for all, predominance of the lesion resection, with craniectomy simple and craneoplasty. Two patients with fibrosus dysplasia fronto-orbital and ethmoidal, now they persist with symptoms. Conclusion: the most of the surgical treatment was curative for tumors of the skull, but is important the follow-up when the diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia fronto-orbital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brain abscesses is a 2-5% of the all intracranial lesions. They cause symptoms an signs including rise intracranial pressure, fever, seizures, hemiparesis, ataxia, nystagmus, multiple cranial nerve palsies, depending of the localization supra- or infratentorial. The diagnosis is by computed tomography (CT) and resonance magnetic imaging (MR), the treatment is with antibiotics and surgical by aspiration and/or excision. The mortality is 22% to 53%. Objective: to present 9 patients with brain abscesses in the supra- and infratentorial spaces, review of their symptoms and signs, diagnosis, treated and outcome. Methods and clinical material: nine consecutive. patients, from september 2003 to september 2005, with diagnosis of brain abscesses in the supra and infratentorial spaces, treated in the department of the Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad, PEMEX. Results: nine patients with brain abscess. Males 5 (55.5%) and women 4 (44.5%). Ages of 3 months to 71 years old (media 42.67). Localization, supratentorial 4 (44.5%); infratentorial 4 (44.5%) and multiple abscesses in 1 (11.1%). Clinical presentation, to all was rise in the ICP in 4 (44.5%); supratentorial including headache, fever, seizures, hemiparesis and the infratentorial, cerebellar syndrome, hydrocephalus, hemiparesis and multiple cranial nerve palsies. The diagnosis, made by CT and MR. The treatment, for the 9 patients was intravenous antibiotics, plus surgical stereotactic aspiration in 6 of, 9 patients, excision in 2 y 1 aspiration hands on. Mortality was 44.5%, 4 cases. Conclusion: the brain abscesses are commmon in a department of neurological surgery, the clinical manifestations depend of their localization supra- or infratentorial, the management is medical and surgical with elevated mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos de Neurociencias is the property of Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Departamento de Publicaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This is a report on a patient's case with a pituitary adenoma that produced prolactin with amyloid deposits in the sphenoid sinus and the clivus. The patient, a 59 year old man, has suffered from headaches for the last 25 years, with hyperprolactinemia. Imaging studies including skull x-ray films, cranial tomography, and magnetic resonance showed the presence of a tumor in the sphenoid sinus and the clivus. This tumor was partially resected by extended sublabial transseptal transsphenoidal approach. Its possible ectopic origin and embryological relation was presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos de Neurociencias is the property of Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Departamento de Publicaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Archivos de Neurociencias is the property of Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Departamento de Publicaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The oligodendrogliomas, are brain tumors with origin glial, grade II by WHO classification for cerebral tumors in humans, are more frequency in adults and few cases or rare in children; their common presentation and localization is with seizures and frontal lobe cortical and/or subcortical, respectively. A prognostic factor is the resection grade and the follow-up to long time and includes the oncologic. We presented one case in a child with a gross-total resection frontal-precentral oligodendroglioma and control of seizures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spinal epidural cavernous hemangiomas are a rare entity, the majority of these lesions are affecting the vertebral bodies and occasional to epidural space and the pure (spinal) epidural hemangioma is uncommon. They localized most frequent at thoracic level and symptoms such as nervous root and/or cord compression. We presented a case of pure spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma at lumbar level, wich manifested with chronic radiculopathy and had improvement after surgical total resection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos de Neurociencias is the property of Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Departamento de Publicaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)