26 results on '"Ib Jammer"'
Search Results
2. The incidence of postoperative vasopressor usage: protocol for a prospective international observational cohort study (SQUEEZE)
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Ben Creagh-Brown, Hannah Wunsch, Peter Martin, Pierre Harlet, Lui Forni, S. Ramani Moonesinghe, and Ib Jammer
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Vasopressor ,Perioperative ,Multicentre ,Observational ,Postoperative ,Incidence ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Abstract Background Postoperative hypotension is common after major non-cardiac surgery, due predominantly to vasodilation. Administration of infused vasopressors postoperatively may often be considered a surrogate indicator of vasodilation. The incidence of postoperative vasopressors has never been described for non-cardiac surgery, nor have outcomes associated with their use. This paper presents a protocol for a prospective international cohort study to address these gaps in knowledge. The primary objectives are to estimate the proportion of patients who receive postoperative vasopressor infusions (PVI) and to document the variation in this proportion between hospitals and internationally. Furthermore, we will identify factors in variation of care (patient, condition, surgery, and intraoperative management) associated with receipt of PVI and investigate how PVI use is associated with patient outcomes, including organ dysfunction, length of hospital stay, and 30-day in-hospital mortality. Method This will be a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study that includes all adult (≥ 18 years) non-cardiac surgical patients in participating centres. Patients undergoing cardiac, obstetric, or day-case surgery will be excluded. We will recruit two cohorts of patients: cohort A will include all eligible patients admitted to participating hospitals for seven consecutive days. Cohort B will include 30 sequential patients per hospital, with the single additional inclusion criterion of postoperative vasopressor usage. We expect to collect data on approximately 40,000 patients for cohort A and 12,800 patients for cohort B. Discussion While in cardiac surgery, clinical trials have informed the choice of vasopressors used to treat postoperative vasoplegia; there remains equipoise over the best approach in non-cardiac surgery. Our study will represent the first large-scale assessment of the use of vasopressors after non-cardiac surgery. These data will inform future studies, including trials of different vasopressors and potential management options to improve outcomes and reduce resource use after surgery. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03805230, 15 January 2019.
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- 2023
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3. What are the optimum components in a care bundle aimed at reducing post-operative pulmonary complications in high-risk patients?
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Sophie V. Griffiths, Daniel H. Conway, POPC-CB Investigators, Michael Sander, Ib Jammer, Michael P. W. Grocott, and Ben C. Creagh-Brown
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Post-operative pulmonary complications ,Nosocomial pneumonia ,Intra-operative ventilation ,Inspiratory muscle training ,Care bundle ,Delphi consensus ,Surgery ,RD1-811 - Abstract
Abstract Background Post-operative pulmonary complications (POPC) are common, predictable and associated with increased morbidity and mortality, independent of pre-operative risk. Interventions to reduce the incidence of POPC have been studied individually, but the use of a care bundle has not been widely investigated. The purpose of our work was to use Delphi consensus methodology and an independently chosen expert panel to formulate a care bundle for patients identified as being at high of POPC, as preparation towards an evaluation of its effectiveness at reducing POPC. Methods We performed a survey of members of the ESICM POIC section to inform a Delphi consensus and to share their opinions on a care bundle to reduce POPC, the POPC-CB. We formed a team of 36 experts to participate in and complete an email-based Delphi consensus over three rounds, leading to the formulation of the POPC-CB. Results The survey had 362 respondents and informed the design of the Delphi consensus. The Delphi consensus resulted in a proposed POPC-CB that incorporates components before surgery-supervised exercise programmes and inspiratory muscle training, during surgery, low tidal volume ventilation with individualised PEEP (positive end-expiratory pressure), use of routine monitoring to avoid hyperoxia and efforts made to limit neuromuscular blockade, and post-operatively, deep breathing exercises and elevation of the head of the bed. Conclusion A care bundle has been suggested for evaluation in surgical patients at high risk of POPC. Evaluation of feasibility of both implementation and effectiveness is now indicated.
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- 2018
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4. Effects of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion on Postoperative Pain after Craniotomy: A Narrative Review
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Nesjla Sofia Syrous, Terje Sundstrøm, Eirik Søfteland, and Ib Jammer
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dexmedetomidine ,neurosurgery ,pain ,postoperative ,acute pain ,perioperative medicine ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Craniotomy involves procedures with high incidences of postoperative pain. Dexmedetomidine, a highly selective a2-adrenoreceptor agonist, has been shown to be beneficial in neuroanaesthesia. The purpose of this narrative review was to assess the effect and safety of dexmedetomidine given intraoperatively during anaesthesia compared to placebo and demonstrate the effect on acute postoperative pain in adult patients undergoing craniotomy. Literature published from 1996 until 2021 were analysed through a search of PubMed, Medline and Embase. Randomised controlled trials investigating intraoperative administration of Dexmedetomidine with evaluation of postoperative pain were included. Medical Subject Headings terms and free-text words were used to identify articles related to the intraoperative use of Dexmedetomidine and postcraniotomy pain. Thirteen distinct randomized controlled trials with 882 recruited patients undergoing craniotomy were identified as eligible for final inclusion. Intraoperative administration of dexmedetomidine is associated with decreased postoperative pain and opioid consumption, and it assures haemodynamic stability. Dexmedetomidine is an efficacious adjunct in craniotomy in adults, showing benefits in reduction of postoperative pain and analgesic consumption. Dexmedetomidine also offers haemodynamic stability. However, widespread methodological heterogeneity of the papers prohibits a valid meta-analysis.
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- 2021
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5. Prognostic performance of preoperative cardiac troponin and perioperative changes in cardiac troponin for the prediction of major adverse cardiac events and mortality in noncardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Caroline A S Humble, Stephen Huang, Ib Jammer, Jonas Björk, and Michelle S Chew
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BackgroundIncreased postoperative cardiac troponin (cTn) independently predicts short-term mortality. Previous studies suggest that preoperative cTn also predicts major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality after noncardiac surgery. The value of preoperative and perioperative changes in cTn as a prognostic tool for adverse outcomes has been sparsely investigated.Methods and findingsA systematic review and meta-analysis of the prognostic value of cTns for adverse outcome was conducted. Adverse outcome was defined as short-term (in-hospital or 30 days) MACE and/or all-cause mortality, in adult patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. The study protocol (CRD42018094773) was registered with an international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO). Preoperative cTn was a predictor of short- (OR 4.3, 95% CI 2.9-6.5, pConclusionOur study indicates that although preoperative cTn and perioperative change in cTn might be valuable predictors of MACE and/or all-cause mortality in adult noncardiac surgical patients, its overall prognostic performance remains uncertain. Future large, representative, high-quality studies are needed to establish the potential role of cTns in perioperative cardiac risk stratification.
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- 2019
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6. Prevalence of hypophosphatemia in the ICU – Results of an international one-day point prevalence survey
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Abel, Arroyo, Erna, Alberts, Berger Mette, M., Guillaume, Besch, Costel, Besançon Bodolea, Michael, Casaer, Pérez, Cheng Meisy, Jean-Michel, Constantin, Swarna, Deepak, de Man Angelique, M.E., Frantisek, Duska, Patricia, Fodor, Kristina, Fuest, Thierry, Fumeaux, Hubert, Grand, Gundogan, K., Jan, Gunst, Mohan, Gurjar, Laurent, Heyer, Shihan, Huq, Carole, Ichai, Motiul, Islam, Samir, Jaber, Nikilesh, Jain, Matthieu, Jamme, Ib, Jammer, Olivier, Joannes-Boyau, Veronika, Jung, Inga, Karu, Kamal Habeeb, Keryakos Hesham, Gian-Reto, Kleger, Tim, Krol, Friedrich, Kuhn Karl, Marcus, Laube, Yoann, Launey, Manu, Malbrain, Manrique Ezequiel, Julien, Marrel, Roberto, Martinez-Alejos, Mongardon, Nicolas, Conway, Morris Andrew, Madhu, Pahuja, Fernando, Pereira, Gema, Pérez, Marie-Helene, Perez, Carmen, Pfortmuller, Annika, Reintam Blaser, Ricardo, Rosenfeld, Noryani, Samat, Schaller Stefan, J., Shannon, Simpson, Kelly, Straka, Tamas, Szakmany, Kadri, Tamme, Arthur, Van Zanten, Verçoza, Viana Marina, Berger, M.M., Appelberg, O., Reintam-Blaser, A., Ichai, C., Joannes-Boyau, O., Casaer, M., Schaller, S.J., Gunst, J., and Starkopf, J.
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- 2021
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7. Implementing screening for myocardial injury in non-cardiac surgery: perspectives of an ad-hoc interdisciplinary expert group
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Dan Atar, Leiv Arne Rosseland, Ib Jammer, Kristin Moberg Aakre, Rune Wiseth, Marius Molund, Danielle M Gualandro, and Torbjørn Omland
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Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Abstract
Objectives. Perioperative myocardial injury (PMI) is increasingly recognised as an important complication of non-cardiac surgery, with often clinically silent presentation, but detrimental prognosis. Active screening for PMI, involving the detection of dynamic and elevated levels of cardiac troponin, has recently been advocated by an increasing number of guidelines; however, active PMI screening has not been reflected in clinical practice. Design. As consensus on a common screening and management pathway is lacking, we synthesise the current evidence to provide suggestions on the selection of patients for screening, organisation of a screening program, and a potential management pathway, building upon a recently published perioperative screening algorithm. Results. Screening should be performed using high-sensitivity assays both preoperatively and postoperatively (postoperative Days 1 and 2) in patients at high-risk of experiencing perioperative complications. Conclusion. This expert opinion piece by an interdisciplinary group of predominantly Norwegian clinicians aims to assist healthcare professionals planning to implement guideline-recommended PMI screening at a local level in order to improve patient outcomes following non-cardiac surgery. publishedVersion
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- 2023
8. The incidence of postoperative vasopressor usage, a prospective international observational study: ‘SQUEEZE’
- Author
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Ben Creagh-Brown, Hannah Wunsch, Peter Martin, Pierre Harlem, Lui Forni, S. Ramani Moonesinghe, and Ib Jammer
- Abstract
Background: Postoperative hypotension is common after major non-cardiac surgery, due predominantly to vasodilatation. Administration of infused vasopressors postoperatively may often be considered a surrogate indicator of vasodilatation. The incidence of postoperative vasopressors and outcomes associated with their use has never been described. We hypothesise that there is variation across centres in using vasopressors after surgery. There may also be a variation in the incidence of organ dysfunction, organ support use, and clinical outcomes in patients treated with postoperative vasopressor therapy. Method: The primary objective of this study is to determine what proportion of patients receive postoperative vasopressor infusions. We will identify factors in variation of care (patient, condition, surgery, and intraoperative management) associated with the receipt of postoperative vasopressor infusions. We will also assess the incidence of associated organ dysfunction and clinical outcomes among those who receive vasopressors. This will be accomplished with a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study that includes all adult (≥18 years) non-cardiac surgical patients in participating centres. Patients undergoing cardiac, obstetric or day-case surgery will be excluded. We will recruit two cohorts of patients: Cohort A will include all eligible patients admitted to participating hospitals for seven consecutive days. Cohort B will include 30 sequential patients per hospital, with the single additional inclusion criterion of postoperative vasopressor usage. We expect to collect data on approximately 40,000 patients for cohort A and 12,800 patients for cohort B. Discussion: While in cardiac surgery, clinical trials have informed the choice of vasopressors used to treat postoperative vasoplegia, there remains equipoise over the best approach in non-cardiac surgery. Our study will represent the first large-scale assessment of the use of vasopressors after non-cardiac surgery. These data will inform future studies, including trials of different vasopressors and potential management options to improve outcomes and reduce resource use after surgery. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03805230, 15th January 2019
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- 2022
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9. How to improve perioperative pathways for the patient and society
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Ib Jammer and Birgitte Brandsborg
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Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,health registry ,change management ,perioperative medicine ,outcome research ,anaesthesia ,General Medicine ,SNOMED CT ,implementation ,care pathway - Published
- 2023
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10. Mortality and complications after emergency laparotomy in patients above 80 years
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Elin K. Aakre, Karl Ove Hufthammer, Ib Jammer, and Atle Ulvik
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Laparotomy ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Geriatric Assessment ,Retrospective Studies ,Cardiopulmonary disease ,Aged, 80 and over ,Norway ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Medical record ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,Length of Stay ,Intestines ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Delirium ,Female ,Observational study ,Emergencies ,medicine.symptom ,Complication ,Risk assessment ,business - Abstract
Emergency laparotomy (EL) is a high-risk procedure. However, available evidence regarding outcome after emergency surgery in very old patients is limited. The aim of this observational study was to investigate outcome following EL in patients ≥80 years of age. Methods This single-center retrospective study was undertaken at Haukeland University Hospital, Norway. Demographic data, pre-operative risk assessment, surgical procedures, intrahospital logistics, complications, mortality, and discharge data were collected from the medical records. Primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes were 90-day mortality, 1-year mortality, post-operative complications, and level of care at discharge. Results One hundred and six patients aged 80-96 years underwent EL between 2015 and 2016. Of these, 58% had cardiopulmonary disease, and 16% lived in a nursing home before surgery. Resection of colon was performed in 26 cases, adhesiolysis was performed in 24, and resection of small intestine in 18. Within 30 days, 28 patients died (26%), 15 during the first post-operative week. For 82% of the patients, at least one complication occurred, and medical complications were far more frequent than surgical. Post-operatively, pulmonary morbidity was found in 51 patients (48%) and delirium in 42 (40%). The number of intrahospital deaths was 25 (24%). Among the 81survivors, 53 were discharged to a nursing home (65%). One-year mortality was 47% (50/106). Conclusions Mortality after EL in octo- and nonagenarians is very high. Medical complications are more common than surgical, and functional decline is frequent. Future studies should focus on the effect of a care bundle including geriatric intervention in these patients.
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- 2020
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11. Sex difference and intra-operative tidal volume: Insights from the LAS VEGAS study
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Nijbroek, Sunny G, Hol, Liselotte, Swart, Pien, Hemmes, Sabrine N T, Serpa Neto, Ary, Binnekade, Jan M, Hedenstierna, Goran, Jaber, Samir, Hiesmayr, Michael, Hollmann, Markus W, Mills, Gary H, Vidal Melo, Marcos F, Putensen, Christian, Schmid, Werner, Severgnini, Paolo, Wrigge, Hermann, Gama de Abreu, Marcelo, Pelosi, Paolo, Schultz, Marcus J, Wolfgang Kroell, Helfried Metzler, Gerd Struber, Thomas Wegscheider, Hans Gombotz, Michael Hiesmayr, Werner Schmid, Bernhard Urbanek, David Kahn, Mona Momeni, Audrey Pospiech, Fernande Lois, Patrice Forget, Irina Grosu, Jan Poelaert, Veerle van Mossevelde, Marie-Claire van Malderen, Dimitri Dylst, Jeroen van Melkebeek, Maud Beran, Stefan de Hert, Luc De Baerdemaeker, Bjorn Heyse, Jurgen Van Limmen, Piet Wyffels, Tom Jacobs, Nathalie Roels, Ann De Bruyne, Stijn van de Velde, Brigitte Leva, Sandrine Damster, Benoit Plichon, Marina Juros-Zovko, Dejana Djonoviċ- Omanoviċ, Selma Pernar, Josip Zunic, Petar Miskovic, Antonio Zilic, Slavica Kvolik, Dubravka Ivic, Darija Azenic-Venzera, Sonja Skiljic, Hrvoje Vinkovic, Ivana Oputric, Kazimir Juricic, Vedran Frkovic, Jasminka Kopic, Ivan Mirkovic, Nenad Karanovic, Mladen Carev, Natasa Dropulic, Jadranka Pavicic Saric, Gorjana Erceg, Matea Bogdanovic Dvorscak, Branka Mazul-Sunko, Anna Marija Pavicic, Tanja Goranovic, Branka Maldini, Tomislav Radocaj, Zeljka Gavranovic, Inga Mladic-Batinica, Mirna Sehovic, Petr Stourac, Hana Harazim, Olga Smekalova, Martina Kosinova, Tomas Kolacek, Kamil Hudacek, Michal Drab, Jan Brujevic, Katerina Vitkova, Katerina Jirmanova, Ivana Volfova, Paula Dzurnakova, Katarina Liskova, Radovan Dudas, Radek Filipsky, Samir el Kafraw, Hisham Hosny Abdelwahab, Tarek Metwally, Ahmed Abdel-Razek, Ahmed Mostafa El-Shaarawy, Hany Yassin, Mohamed Magdy, Mahdy Abdelhady, Mohamed Mahran, Eiko Herodes, Peeter Kivik, Juri Oganjan, Annika Aun, Alar Sormus, Kaili Sarapuu, Merilin Mall, Juri Karjagin, Emmanuel Futier, Antoine Petit, Adeline Gerard, Emmanuel Marret, Marc Solier, Samir Jaber, Albert Prades, Jens Krassler, Simone Merzky, Marcel Gama de Abreu, Christopher Uhlig, Thomas Kiss, Anette Bundy, Thomas Bluth, Andreas Gueldner, Peter Spieth, Martin Scharffenberg, Denny Tran Thiem, Thea Koch, Tanja Treschan, Maximilian Schaefer, Bea Bastin, Johann Geib, Martin Weiss, Peter Kienbaum, Benedikt Pannen, Andre Gottschalk, Mirja Konrad, Diana Westerheide, Ben Schwerdtfeger, Hermann Wrigge, Philipp Simon, Andreas Reske, Christian Nestler, Dimitrios Valsamidis, Konstantinos Stroumpoulis, Georgios Antholopoulos, Antonis Andreou, Dimitris Karapanos, Kassiani Theodoraki, Georgios Gkiokas, Marios-Konstantinos Tasoulis, Tatiana Sidiropoulou, Foteini Zafeiropoulou, Panagiota Florou, Aggeliki Pandazi, Georgia Tsaousi, Christos Nouris, Chryssa Pourzitaki, Dmitri Bystritski, Reuven Pizov, Arieh Eden, Caterina Valeria Pesce, Annamaria Campanile, Antonella Marrella, Salvatore Grasso, Michele De Michele, Francesco Bona, Gianmarco Giacoletto, Elena Sardo, Luigi Giancarlo, Vicari Sottosanti, Maurizio Solca, Carlo Alberto Volta, Savino Spadaro, Marco Verri, Riccardo Ragazzi, Roberto Zoppellari, Gilda Cinnella, Pasquale Raimondo, Daniela La Bella, Lucia Mirabella, Davide D'antini, Paolo Pelosi, Alexandre Molin, Iole Brunetti, Angelo Gratarola, Giulia Pellerano, Rosanna Sileo, Stefano Pezzatto, Luca Montagnani, Laura Pasin, Giovanni Landoni, Alberto Zangrillo, Luigi Beretta, Ambra Licia Di Parma, Valentina Tarzia, Roberto Dossi, Marta Eugenia Sassone, Daniele Sances, Stefano Tredici, Gianluca Spano, Gianluca Castellani, Luigi Delunas, Sopio Peradze, Marco Venturino, Ines Arpino, Sara Sher, Concezione Tommasino, Francesca Rapido, Paola Morelli, Maria Vargas, Giuseppe Servillo, Andrea Cortegiani, Santi Maurizio Raineri, Francesca Montalto, Vincenzo Russotto, Antonino Giarratano, Marco Baciarello, Michela Generali, Giorgia Cerati, Yigal Leykin, Filippo Bressan, Vittoria Bartolini, Lucia Zamidei, Luca Brazzi, Corrado Liperi, Gabriele Sales, Laura Pistidda, Paolo Severgnini, Elisa Brugnoni, Giuseppe Musella, Alessandro Bacuzzi, Dalip Muhardri, Gecaj-Gashi Agreta, Fatos Sada, Adem Bytyqi, Aurika Karbonskiene, Ruta Aukstakalniene, Zivile Teberaite, Erika Salciute, Renatas Tikuisis, Povilas Miliauskas, Sipylaite Jurate, Egle Kontrimaviciute, Gabija Tomkute, John Xuereb, Maureen Bezzina, Francis Joseph Borg, Sabrine Hemmes, Marcus Schultz, Markus Hollmann, Irene Wiersma, Christa Boer, Anne Duvekot, Bas in ‘t Veld, Alice Werger, Paul Dennesen, Charlotte Severijns, Jasper De Jong, Jens Hering, Rienk van Beek, Stefan Ivars, Ib Jammer, Alena Breidablik, Katharina Skirstad Hodt, Frode Fjellanger, Manuel Vico Avalos, Jannicke Mellin-Olsen, Elisabeth Andersson, Amir Shafi-Kabir, Ruby Molina, Stanley Wutai, Erick Morais, Glória Tareco, Daniel Ferreira, Joana Amaral, Maria de Lurdes, Goncalves Castro, Susana Cadilha, Sofia Appleton, Suzana Parente, Mariana Correia, Diogo Martins, Angela Monteirosa, Ana Ricardo, Sara Rodrigues, Lucian Horhota, Ioana Marina Grintescu, Liliana Mirea, Ioana Cristina Grintescu, Dan Corneci, Silvius Negoita, Madalina Dutu, Ioana Popescu Garotescu, Daniela Filipescu, Alexandru Bogdan Prodan, Gabriela Droc, Ruxandra Fota, Mihai Popescu, Dana Tomescu, Ana Maria Petcu, Marian Irinel Tudoroiu, Alida Moise, Catalin-Traian Guran, Iorel Gherghina, Dan Costea, Iulia Cindea, Sanda-Maria Copotoiu, Ruxandra Copotoiu, Victoria Barsan, Zsolt Tolcser, Magda Riciu, Septimiu Gheorghe Moldovan, Mihaly Veres, Alexey Gritsan, Tatyana Kapkan, Galina Gritsan, Oleg Korolkov, Alexander Kulikov, Andrey Lubnin, Alexey Ovezov, Pavel Prokoshev, Alexander Lugovoy, Natalia Anipchenko, Andrey Babayants, Irina Komissarova, Karginova Zalina, Valery Likhvantsev, Sergei Fedorov, Aleksandra Lazukic, Jasmina Pejakovic, Dunja Mihajlovic, Zuzana Kusnierikova, Maria Zelinkova, Katarina Bruncakova, Lenka Polakovicova, Villiam Sobona, Barbka Novak-Supe, Ana Pekle-Golez, Miroljub Jovanov, Branka Strazisar, Jasmina Markovic-Bozi, Vesna Novak-Jankovic, Minca Voje, Andriy Grynyuk, Ivan Kostadinov, Alenka Spindler-Vesel, Victoria Moral, Mari Carmen Unzueta, Carlos Puigbo, Josep Fava, Jaume Canet, Enrique Moret, Mónica Rodriguez Nunez, Mar Sendra, Andrea Brunelli, Frederic Rodenas, Pablo Monedero, Francisco Hidalgo Martinez, Maria Jose Yepes Temino, Antonio Martínez Simon, Ana de Abajo Larriba, Alberto Lisi, Gisela Perez, Raquel Martinez, Manuel Granell, Jose Tatay Vivo, Cristina Saiz Ruiz, Jose Antonio de Andrés Ibañez, Ernesto Pastor, Marina Soro, Carlos Ferrando, Mario Defez, Cesar Aldecoa Alvares-Santullano, Rocio Perez, Jesus Rico, Monir Jawad, Yousif Saeed, Lars Gillberg, Zuleyha Kazak Bengisun, Baturay Kansu Kazbek, Nesil Coskunfirat, Neval Boztug, Suat Sanli, Murat Yilmaz, Necmiye Hadimioglu, Nuzhet Mert Senturk, Emre Camci, Semra Kucukgoncu, Zerrin Sungur, Nukhet Sivrikoz, Serpil Ustalar Ozgen, Fevzi Toraman, Onur Selvi, Ozgur Senturk, Mine Yildiz, Bahar Kuvaki, Ferim Gunenc, Semih Kucukguclu, Şule Ozbilgin, Jale Maral, Seyda Canli, Oguzhan Arun, Ali Saltali, Eyup Aydogan, Fatma Nur Akgun, Ceren Sanlikarip, Fatma Mine Karaman, Andriy Mazur, Sergiy Vorotyntsev, Guy Rousseau, Colin Barrett, Lucia Stancombe, Ben Shelley, Helen Scholes, James Limb, Amir Rafi, Lisa Wayman, Jill Deane, David Rogerson, John Williams, Susan Yates, Elaine Rogers, Mark Pulletz, Sarah Moreton, Stephanie Jones, Suresh Venkatesh, Maudrian Burton, Lucy Brown, Cait Goodall, Matthew Rucklidge, Debbie Fuller, Maria Nadolski, Sandeep Kusre, Michael Lundberg, Lynn Everett, Maka Zuleika, Peter Carvalho, Deborah Clements, Ben Creagh-Brown, Philip Watt, Parizade Raymode, Rupert Pearse, Otto Mohr, Ashok Raj, Thais Creary, Ahmed Chishti, Andrea Bell, Charley Higham, Alistair Cain, Sarah Gibb, Stephen Mowat, Danielle Franklin, Claire West, Gary Minto, Nicholas Boyd, Gary Mills, Emily Calton, Rachel Walker, Felicity Mackenzie, Branwen Ellison, Helen Roberts, Moses Chikungwa, Clare Jackson, Andrew Donovan, Jayne Foot, Elizabeth Homan, Jane Montgomery, David Portch, Pauline Mercer, Janet Palmer, Jonathan Paddle, Anna Fouracres, Amanda Datson, Alyson Andrew, Leanne Welch, Alastair Rose, Sandeep Varma, Karen Simeson, Mrutyunjaya Rambhatla, Jaysimha Susarla, Sudhakar Marri, Krishnan Kodaganallur, Ashok Das, Shivarajan Algarsamy, Julie Colley, Simon Davies, Margaret Szewczyk, Thomas Smith, Ana Fernandez- Bustamante, Elizabeth Luzier, Angela Almagro, Marcos Vidal Melo, Luiz Fernando, Demet Sulemanji, Juraj Sprung, Toby Weingarten, Daryl Kor, Federica Scavonetto, Yeo Tze, Nijbroek, Sunny G, Hol, Liselotte, Swart, Pien, Hemmes, Sabrine N T, Serpa Neto, Ary, Binnekade, Jan M, Hedenstierna, Goran, Jaber, Samir, Hiesmayr, Michael, Hollmann, Markus W, Mills, Gary H, Vidal Melo, Marcos F, Putensen, Christian, Schmid, Werner, Severgnini, Paolo, Wrigge, Hermann, Gama de Abreu, Marcelo, Pelosi, Paolo, Schultz, Marcus J,Wolfgang Kroell, Helfried Metzler, Gerd Struber, Thomas Wegscheider, Hans Gombotz, Michael Hiesmayr, Werner Schmid, Bernhard Urbanek, David Kahn, Mona Momeni, Audrey Pospiech, Fernande Lois, Patrice Forget, Irina Grosu, Jan Poelaert, Veerle van Mossevelde, Marie-Claire van Malderen, Dimitri Dylst, Jeroen van Melkebeek, Maud Beran, Stefan de Hert, Luc De Baerdemaeker, Bjorn Heyse, Jurgen Van Limmen, Piet Wyffels, Tom Jacobs, Nathalie Roels, Ann De Bruyne, Stijn van de Velde, Brigitte Leva, Sandrine Damster, Benoit Plichon, Marina Juros-Zovko, Dejana Djonoviċ- Omanoviċ, Selma Pernar, Josip Zunic, Petar Miskovic, Antonio Zilic, Slavica Kvolik, Dubravka Ivic, Darija Azenic-Venzera, Sonja Skiljic, Hrvoje Vinkovic, Ivana Oputric, Kazimir Juricic, Vedran Frkovic, Jasminka Kopic, Ivan Mirkovic, Nenad Karanovic, Mladen Carev, Natasa Dropulic, Jadranka Pavicic Saric, Gorjana Erceg, Matea Bogdanovic Dvorscak, Branka Mazul-Sunko, Anna Marija Pavicic, Tanja Goranovic, Branka Maldini, Tomislav Radocaj, Zeljka Gavranovic, Inga Mladic-Batinica, Mirna Sehovic, Petr Stourac, Hana Harazim, Olga Smekalova, Martina Kosinova, Tomas Kolacek, Kamil Hudacek, Michal Drab, Jan Brujevic, Katerina Vitkova, Katerina Jirmanova, Ivana Volfova, Paula Dzurnakova, Katarina Liskova, Radovan Dudas, Radek Filipsky, Samir el Kafraw, Hisham Hosny Abdelwahab, Tarek Metwally, Ahmed Abdel-Razek, Ahmed Mostafa El-Shaarawy, Hany Yassin, Mohamed Magdy, Mahdy Abdelhady, Mohamed Mahran, Eiko Herodes, Peeter Kivik, Juri Oganjan, Annika Aun, Alar Sormus, Kaili Sarapuu, Merilin Mall, Juri Karjagin, Emmanuel Futier, Antoine Petit, Adeline Gerard, Emmanuel Marret, Marc Solier, Samir Jaber, Albert Prades, Jens Krassler, Simone Merzky, Marcel Gama de Abreu, Christopher Uhlig, Thomas Kiss, Anette Bundy, Thomas Bluth, Andreas Gueldner, Peter Spieth, Martin Scharffenberg, Denny Tran Thiem, Thea Koch, Tanja Treschan, Maximilian Schaefer, Bea Bastin, Johann Geib, Martin Weiss, Peter Kienbaum, Benedikt Pannen, Andre Gottschalk, Mirja Konrad, Diana Westerheide, Ben Schwerdtfeger, Hermann Wrigge, Philipp Simon, Andreas Reske, Christian Nestler, Dimitrios Valsamidis, Konstantinos Stroumpoulis, Georgios Antholopoulos, Antonis Andreou, Dimitris Karapanos, Kassiani Theodoraki, Georgios Gkiokas, Marios-Konstantinos Tasoulis, Tatiana Sidiropoulou, Foteini Zafeiropoulou, Panagiota Florou, Aggeliki Pandazi, Georgia Tsaousi, Christos Nouris, Chryssa Pourzitaki, Dmitri Bystritski, Reuven Pizov, Arieh Eden, Caterina Valeria Pesce, Annamaria Campanile, Antonella Marrella, Salvatore Grasso, Michele De Michele, Francesco Bona, Gianmarco Giacoletto, Elena Sardo, Luigi Giancarlo, Vicari Sottosanti, Maurizio Solca, Carlo Alberto Volta, Savino Spadaro, Marco Verri, Riccardo Ragazzi, Roberto Zoppellari, Gilda Cinnella, Pasquale Raimondo, Daniela La Bella, Lucia Mirabella, Davide D'antini, Paolo Pelosi, Alexandre Molin, Iole Brunetti, Angelo Gratarola, Giulia Pellerano, Rosanna Sileo, Stefano Pezzatto, Luca Montagnani, Laura Pasin, Giovanni Landoni, Alberto Zangrillo, Luigi Beretta, Ambra Licia Di Parma, Valentina Tarzia, Roberto Dossi, Marta Eugenia Sassone, Daniele Sances, Stefano Tredici, Gianluca Spano, Gianluca Castellani, Luigi Delunas, Sopio Peradze, Marco Venturino, Ines Arpino, Sara Sher, Concezione Tommasino, Francesca Rapido, Paola Morelli, Maria Vargas, Giuseppe Servillo, Andrea Cortegiani, Santi Maurizio Raineri, Francesca Montalto, Vincenzo Russotto, Antonino Giarratano, Marco Baciarello, Michela Generali, Giorgia Cerati, Yigal Leykin, Filippo Bressan, Vittoria Bartolini, Lucia Zamidei, Luca Brazzi, Corrado Liperi, Gabriele Sales, Laura Pistidda, Paolo Severgnini, Elisa Brugnoni, Giuseppe Musella, Alessandro Bacuzzi, Dalip Muhardri, Gecaj-Gashi Agreta, Fatos Sada, Adem Bytyqi, Aurika Karbonskiene, Ruta Aukstakalniene, Zivile Teberaite, Erika Salciute, Renatas Tikuisis, Povilas Miliauskas, Sipylaite Jurate, Egle Kontrimaviciute, Gabija Tomkute, John Xuereb, Maureen Bezzina, Francis Joseph Borg, Sabrine Hemmes, Marcus Schultz, Markus Hollmann, Irene Wiersma, Christa Boer, Anne Duvekot, Bas in ‘t Veld, Alice Werger, Paul Dennesen, Charlotte Severijns, Jasper De Jong, Jens Hering, Rienk van Beek, Stefan Ivars, Ib Jammer, Alena Breidablik, Katharina Skirstad Hodt, Frode Fjellanger, Manuel Vico Avalos, Jannicke Mellin-Olsen, Elisabeth Andersson, Amir Shafi-Kabir, Ruby Molina, Stanley Wutai, Erick Morais, Glória Tareco, Daniel Ferreira, Joana Amaral, Maria de Lurdes, Goncalves Castro, Susana Cadilha, Sofia Appleton, Suzana Parente, Mariana Correia, Diogo Martins, Angela Monteirosa, Ana Ricardo, Sara Rodrigues, Lucian Horhota, Ioana Marina Grintescu, Liliana Mirea, Ioana Cristina Grintescu, Dan Corneci, Silvius Negoita, Madalina Dutu, Ioana Popescu Garotescu, Daniela Filipescu, Alexandru Bogdan Prodan, Gabriela Droc, Ruxandra Fota, Mihai Popescu, Dana Tomescu, Ana Maria Petcu, Marian Irinel Tudoroiu, Alida Moise, Catalin-Traian Guran, Iorel Gherghina, Dan Costea, Iulia Cindea, Sanda-Maria Copotoiu, Ruxandra Copotoiu, Victoria Barsan, Zsolt Tolcser, Magda Riciu, Septimiu Gheorghe Moldovan, Mihaly Veres, Alexey Gritsan, Tatyana Kapkan, Galina Gritsan, Oleg Korolkov, Alexander Kulikov, Andrey Lubnin, Alexey Ovezov, Pavel Prokoshev, Alexander Lugovoy, Natalia Anipchenko, Andrey Babayants, Irina Komissarova, Karginova Zalina, Valery Likhvantsev, Sergei Fedorov, Aleksandra Lazukic, Jasmina Pejakovic, Dunja Mihajlovic, Zuzana Kusnierikova, Maria Zelinkova, Katarina Bruncakova, Lenka Polakovicova, Villiam Sobona, Barbka Novak-Supe, Ana Pekle-Golez, Miroljub Jovanov, Branka Strazisar, Jasmina Markovic-Bozi, Vesna Novak-Jankovic, Minca Voje, Andriy Grynyuk, Ivan Kostadinov, Alenka Spindler-Vesel, Victoria Moral, Mari Carmen Unzueta, Carlos Puigbo, Josep Fava, Jaume Canet, Enrique Moret, Mónica Rodriguez Nunez, Mar Sendra, Andrea Brunelli, Frederic Rodenas, Pablo Monedero, Francisco Hidalgo Martinez, Maria Jose Yepes Temino, Antonio Martínez Simon, Ana de Abajo Larriba, Alberto Lisi, Gisela Perez, Raquel Martinez, Manuel Granell, Jose Tatay Vivo, Cristina Saiz Ruiz, Jose Antonio de Andrés Ibañez, Ernesto Pastor, Marina Soro, Carlos Ferrando, Mario Defez, Cesar Aldecoa Alvares-Santullano, Rocio Perez, Jesus Rico, Monir Jawad, Yousif Saeed, Lars Gillberg, Zuleyha Kazak Bengisun, Baturay Kansu Kazbek, Nesil Coskunfirat, Neval Boztug, Suat Sanli, Murat Yilmaz, Necmiye Hadimioglu, Nuzhet Mert Senturk, Emre Camci, Semra Kucukgoncu, Zerrin Sungur, Nukhet Sivrikoz, Serpil Ustalar Ozgen, Fevzi Toraman, Onur Selvi, Ozgur Senturk, Mine Yildiz, Bahar Kuvaki, Ferim Gunenc, Semih Kucukguclu, Şule Ozbilgin, Jale Maral, Seyda Canli, Oguzhan Arun, Ali Saltali, Eyup Aydogan, Fatma Nur Akgun, Ceren Sanlikarip, Fatma Mine Karaman, Andriy Mazur, Sergiy Vorotyntsev, Guy Rousseau, Colin Barrett, Lucia Stancombe, Ben Shelley, Helen Scholes, James Limb, Amir Rafi, Lisa Wayman, Jill Deane, David Rogerson, John Williams, Susan Yates, Elaine Rogers, Mark Pulletz, Sarah Moreton, Stephanie Jones, Suresh Venkatesh, Maudrian Burton, Lucy Brown, Cait Goodall, Matthew Rucklidge, Debbie Fuller, Maria Nadolski, Sandeep Kusre, Michael Lundberg, Lynn Everett, Maka Zuleika, Peter Carvalho, Deborah Clements, Ben Creagh-Brown, Philip Watt, Parizade Raymode, Rupert Pearse, Otto Mohr, Ashok Raj, Thais Creary, Ahmed Chishti, Andrea Bell, Charley Higham, Alistair Cain, Sarah Gibb, Stephen Mowat, Danielle Franklin, Claire West, Gary Minto, Nicholas Boyd, Gary Mills, Emily Calton, Rachel Walker, Felicity Mackenzie, Branwen Ellison, Helen Roberts, Moses Chikungwa, Clare Jackson, Andrew Donovan, Jayne Foot, Elizabeth Homan, Jane Montgomery, David Portch, Pauline Mercer, Janet Palmer, Jonathan Paddle, Anna Fouracres, Amanda Datson, Alyson Andrew, Leanne Welch, Alastair Rose, Sandeep Varma, Karen Simeson, Mrutyunjaya Rambhatla, Jaysimha Susarla, Sudhakar Marri, Krishnan Kodaganallur, Ashok Das, Shivarajan Algarsamy, Julie Colley, Simon Davies, Margaret Szewczyk, Thomas Smith, Ana Fernandez- Bustamante, Elizabeth Luzier, Angela Almagro, Marcos Vidal Melo, Luiz Fernando, Demet Sulemanji, Juraj Sprung, Toby Weingarten, Daryl Kor, Federica Scavonetto, Yeo Tze, Schultz, Marcus, J, Servillo, G, Vargas, M, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Anesthesiology research group, Supporting clinical sciences, Anesthesiology, Graduate School, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Intensive Care Medicine, AII - Inflammatory diseases, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, APH - Quality of Care, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, APH - Global Health, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, ACS - Microcirculation, Marcus, J (LAS VEGAS study investigator, the PROVE Network and the Clinical Trial Network of the European Society of, Anaesthesiology), Zangrillo, A, Beretta, L, and Landoni, G
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Intra operative ,health care facilities, manpower, and services ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Critical Illness ,Las Vegas Study ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030202 anesthesiology ,Internal medicine ,Tidal Volume ,medicine ,Humans ,General anaesthesia ,Lung ,Tidal volume ,Female ,Respiration, Artificial ,Sex Characteristics ,Las vegas ,business.industry ,Respiration ,respiratory failure, sex ,respiratory system ,Sex difference ,respiratory tract diseases ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,030228 respiratory system ,Relative risk ,Artificial ,Cohort ,Breathing ,Observational study ,business ,intra-operative tidal volume ,circulatory and respiratory physiology - Abstract
BACKGROUND: One key element of lung-protective ventilation is the use of a low tidal volume (V(T)). A sex difference in use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) has been described in critically ill ICU patients. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference in use of LTVV also exists in operating room patients, and if present what factors drive this difference. DESIGN, PATIENTS AND SETTING: This is a posthoc analysis of LAS VEGAS, a 1-week worldwide observational study in adults requiring intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals in 29 countries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women and men were compared with respect to use of LTVV, defined as V(T) of 8 ml kg(−1) or less predicted bodyweight (PBW). A V(T) was deemed ‘default’ if the set V(T) was a round number. A mediation analysis assessed which factors may explain the sex difference in use of LTVV during intra-operative ventilation. RESULTS: This analysis includes 9864 patients, of whom 5425 (55%) were women. A default V(T) was often set, both in women and men; mode V(T) was 500 ml. Median [IQR] V(T) was higher in women than in men (8.6 [7.7 to 9.6] vs. 7.6 [6.8 to 8.4] ml kg(−1) PBW, P*** < 0.001). Compared with men, women were twice as likely not to receive LTVV [68.8 vs. 36.0%; relative risk ratio 2.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.1), P*** < 0.001]. In the mediation analysis, patients’ height and actual body weight (ABW) explained 81 and 18% of the sex difference in use of LTVV, respectively; it was not explained by the use of a default V(T). CONCLUSION: In this worldwide cohort of patients receiving intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery, women received a higher V(T) than men during intra-operative ventilation. The risk for a female not to receive LTVV during surgery was double that of males. Height and ABW were the two mediators of the sex difference in use of LTVV. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01601223
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- 2021
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12. Systematic review and consensus definitions for the Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine (StEP) initiative : infection and sepsis
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Jonathan Barnes, Jennifer Hunter, Steve Harris, Manu Shankar-Hari, Elisabeth Diouf, Ib Jammer, Cor Kalkman, Andrew A. Klein, Tomas Corcoran, Stefan Dieleman, Michael P.W. Grocott, Michael G. Mythen, Paul Myles, Tang Joon Gan, Andrea Kurz, Phil Peyton, Dan Sessler, Martin Tramèr, Alan Cyna, Gildasio S. De Oliveira, Christopher Wu, Mark Jensen, Henrik Kehlet, Mari Botti, Oliver Boney, Guy Haller, Mike Grocott, Tim Cook, Lee Fleisher, Mark Neuman, David Story, Russell Gruen, Sam Bampoe, Lis Evered, David Scott, Brendan Silbert, Diederik van Dijk, Matthew Chan, Hilary Grocott, Rod Eckenhoff, Lars Rasmussen, Lars Eriksson, Scott Beattie, Duminda Wijeysundera, Giovanni Landoni, Kate Leslie, Bruce Biccard, Simon Howell, Peter Nagele, Toby Richards, Andre Lamy, Manoj Lalu, Rupert Pearse, Monty Mythen, Jaume Canet, Ann Moller, Tony Gin, Marcus Schultz, Paolo Pelosi, Marcelo Gabreu, Emmanuel Futier, Ben Creagh-Brown, Alexander Fowler, Tom Abbott, Andy Klein, David James Cooper, David McIlroy, Rinaldo Bellomo, Andrew Shaw, John Prowle, Keyvan Karkouti, Josh Billings, David Mazer, Mohindas Jayarajah, Michael Murphy, Justyna Bartoszko, Rob Sneyd, Steve Morris, Ron George, Ramani Moonesinghe, Mark Shulman, Meghan Lane-Fall, Ulrica Nilsson, Nathalie Stevenson, Jamie (DJ) Cooper, Wilton van Klei, Luca Cabrini, Tim Miller, Nathan Pace, Sandy Jackson, Donal Buggy, Tim Short, Bernhard Riedel, Vijay Gottumukkala, Bilal Alkhaffaf, Mark Johnson, Intensive Care Medicine, AII - Infectious diseases, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, ACS - Microcirculation, Tramer, Martin, and Haller, Guy Serge Antoine
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Consensus ,Delphi Technique ,Endpoint Determination ,Delphi method ,perioperative medicine ,Perioperative Care/standards ,postoperative outcome ,Surgical Wound Infection/therapy ,Postoperative outcome ,Perioperative Care ,Sepsis ,Perioperative medicine ,sepsis ,Core outcome measures ,Respiratory Tract Infections/therapy ,core outcome measures ,infection ,standardised endpoints ,surgical site infection ,Humans ,Infection ,Respiratory Tract Infections ,Surgical Wound Infection ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Anesthesiology ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,Endpoint Determination/standards ,medicine ,Attention ,Standardised endpoints ,Intensive care medicine ,Infections/therapy ,ddc:617 ,business.industry ,Sepsis/therapy ,Perioperative ,anaesthesia ,medicine.disease ,Clinical trial ,Clinical research ,Quality and Patient Safety ,business ,Surgical site infection - Abstract
Background: Perioperative infection and sepsis are of fundamental concern to perioperative clinicians. However, standardised endpoints are either poorly defined or not routinely implemented. The Standardised Endpoints in Perioperative Medicine (StEP) initiative was established to derive a set of standardised endpoints for use in perioperative clinical trials.Methods: We undertook a systematic review to identify measures of infection and sepsis used in the perioperative literature. A multi-round Delphi consensus process that included more than 60 clinician researchers was then used to refine a recommended list of outcome measures.Results: A literature search yielded 1857 titles of which 255 met inclusion criteria for endpoint extraction. A long list of endpoints, with definitions and timescales, was generated and those potentially relevant to infection and sepsis circulated to the theme subgroup and then the wider StEP-COMPAC working group, undergoing a three-stage Delphi process. The response rates for Delphi rounds 1, 3, and 3 were 89% (n=8), 67% (n=62), and 80% (n=8), respectively. A set of 13 endpoints including fever, surgical site, and organ-specific infections as defined by the US Centres for Disease Control and Sepsis-3 are proposed for future use.Conclusions: We defined a consensus list of standardised endpoints related to infection and sepsis for perioperative trials using an established and rigorous approach. Each endpoint was evaluated with respect to validity, reliability, feasibility, and patient centredness. One or more of these should be considered for inclusion in future perioperative clinical trials assessing infection, sepsis, or both, thereby permitting synthesis and comparison of future results.
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- 2019
13. Current research priorities in perioperative intensive care medicine
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Marcus J. Schultz, Rupert M Pearse, Michael A. Gillies, Cesar Aldecoa, Suzana Margareth Lobo, Duminda N. Wijeysundera, Michael P.W. Grocott, Michael Sander, Andrew D. Shaw, Ib Jammer, Naomi Pritchard, and John Myburgh
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Biomedical Research ,Critical Care ,Delphi Technique ,Population ,Delphi method ,Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ,Perioperative Care ,03 medical and health sciences ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,Anesthesiology ,Intensive care ,Critical care nursing ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,Health care ,Humans ,Medicine ,Registries ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Intensive care medicine ,Clinical Trials as Topic ,education.field_of_study ,Perioperative medicine ,business.industry ,030208 emergency & critical care medicine ,Perioperative ,General Surgery ,business - Abstract
Introduction: Surgical treatments are offered to more patients than ever before, and increasingly to older patients with chronic disease. High-risk patients frequently require critical care either in the immediate postoperative period or after developing complications. The purpose of this review was to identify and prioritise themes for future research in perioperative intensive care medicine.Methods: We undertook a priority setting process (PSP). A panel was convened, drawn from experts representing a wide geographical area, plus a patient representative. The panel was asked to suggest and prioritise key uncertainties and future research questions in the field of perioperative intensive care through a modified Delphi process. Clinical trial registries were searched for on-going research. A proposed “Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome” (PICO) structure for each question was provided.Results: Ten key uncertainties and future areas of research were identified as priorities and ranked. Appropriate intravenous fluid and blood component therapy, use of critical care resources, prevention of delirium and respiratory management featured prominently.Conclusion: Admissions following surgery contribute a substantial proportion of critical care workload. Studies aimed at improving care in this group could have a large impact on patient-centred outcomes and optimum use of healthcare resources. In particular, the optimum use of critical care resources in this group is an area that requires urgent research.
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- 2017
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14. Preoperative abnormalities in serum sodium concentrations are associated with higher in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing major surgery
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Rupert M Pearse, Jean Louis Vincent, P Metnitz, Michelle S Chew, Maurizio Cecconi, Martin Posch, Paolo Pelosi, Andreas Hoeft, Ib Jammer, Helene Hochrieser, Andrew Rhodes, Rui Moreno, A Hoste, Michael P.W. Grocott, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, Anesthesiology, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, and AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,HSJ UCI ,perioperative medicine ,Comorbidity ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Preoperative care ,high-risk surgery ,hypernatraemia ,hyponatraemia ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Postoperative Complications ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Odds Ratio ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Hospital Mortality ,Elective surgery ,Prospective cohort study ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Hypernatremia ,business.industry ,Sodium ,Retrospective cohort study ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Europe ,Intensive Care Units ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Surgical Procedures, Operative ,Preoperative Period ,Female ,Hyponatremia ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Abnormal serum sodium concentrations are common in patients presenting for surgery. It remains unclear whether these abnormalities are independent risk factors for postoperative mortality. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of the European Surgical Outcome Study (EuSOS) that provided data describing 46 539 patients undergoing inpatient non-cardiac surgery. Patients were included in this study if they had a recorded value of preoperative serum sodium within the 28 days immediately before surgery. Data describing preoperative risk factors and serum sodium concentrations were analysed to investigate the relationship with in-hospital mortality using univariate and multivariate logistic regression techniques. RESULTS: Of 35 816 (77.0%) patients from the EuSOS database, 21 943 (61.3%) had normal values of serum sodium (138-142 mmol litre(-1)) before surgery, 8538 (23.8%) had hyponatraemia (serum sodium ≤137 mmol litre(-1)) and 5335 (14.9%) had hypernatraemia (serum sodium ≥143 mmol litre(-1)). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, moderate to severe hypernatraemia (serum sodium concentration ≥150 mmol litre(-1)) was independently associated with mortality [odds ratio 3.4 (95% confidence interval 2.0-6.0), P
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- 2016
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15. The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery
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T.E.F. Abbott, T. Ahmad, M.K. Phull, A.J. Fowler, R. Hewson, B.M. Biccard, M.S. Chew, M. Gillies, R.M. Pearse, Rupert M. Pearse, Scott Beattie, Pierre-Alain Clavien, Nicolas Demartines, Lee A. Fleisher, Mike Grocott, James Haddow, Andreas Hoeft, Peter Holt, Rui Moreno, Naomi Pritchard, Andrew Rhodes, Duminda Wijeysundera, Matt Wilson, Tahania Ahmed, Kirsty Everingham, Russell Hewson, Marta Januszewska, Mandeep-Kaur Phull, Richard Halliwell, Mark Shulman, Paul Myles, Werner Schmid, Michael Hiesmayr, Patrick Wouters, Stefan de Hert, Suzana Lobo, Xiangming Fang, Lars Rasmussen, Emmanuel Futier, Matthieu Biais, Aurélien Venara, Karem Slim, Michael Sander, Despoina Koulenti, Kostoula Arvaniti, Mathew Chan, Atul Kulkarni, Susilo Chandra, Aida Tantri, Emad Geddoa, Muntadhar Abbas, Giorgio Della Rocca, Datin Sivasakthi, Marzida Mansor, Pastor Luna, Arthur Bouwman, Wolfgang Buhre, Vanessa Beavis, Douglas Campbell, Tim Short, Tunde Osinaike, Ricardo Matos, Ioana Grigoras, Mikhail Kirov, Denis Protsenko, Bruce Biccard, Cesar Aldecoa, Michelle Chew, Christoph Hofer, Martin Hubner, James Ditai, Tamas Szakmany, Lee Fleisher, Marissa Ferguson, Michael MacMahon, Ritchie Cherian, Helen Currow, Kathirgamanathan Kanathiban, David Gillespie, Edward Pathmanathan, Katherine Phillips, Jenifer Reynolds, Joanne Rowley, Jeanene Douglas, Ross Kerridge, Sameer Garg, Michael Bennett, Megha Jain, David Alcock, Nico Terblanche, Rochelle Cotter, Kate Leslie, Marcelle Stewart, Nicolette Zingerle, Antony Clyde, Oliver Hambidge, Adam Rehak, Sharon Cotterell, Wilson Binh Quan Huynh, Timothy McCulloch, Erez Ben-Menachem, Thomas Egan, Jennifer Cope, Paul Fellinger, Markus Haisjackl, Simone Haselberger, Caroline Holaubek, Paul Lichtenegger, Florian Scherz, Franz Hoffer, Veronika Cakova, Andreas Eichwalder, Norbert Fischbach, Reinhold Klug, Elisabeth Schneider, Martin Vesely, Reinhart Wickenhauser, Karl Gernot Grubmueller, Marion Leitgeb, Friedrich Lang, Nancy Toro, Marlene Bauer, Friedrich Laengle, Claudia Haberl, Thomas Mayrhofer, Christoph Trybus, Christian Buerkle, Karin Forstner, Reinhard Germann, Harald Rinoesl, Elke Schindler, Ernst Trampitsch, Gerhard Bogner, Daniel Dankl, Martin Duenser, Gerhard Fritsch, Ilse Gradwohl-Matis, Andreas Hartmann, Thomas Hoelzenbein, Tarkan Jaeger, Franz Landauer, Gregor Lindl, Michael Lux, Johannes Steindl, Ottokar Stundner, Christian Szabo, Jawad Bidgoli, Hans Verdoodt, Patrice Forget, David Kahn, Fernande Lois, Mona Momeni, Caroline Prégardien, Audrey Pospiech, Arnaud Steyaert, Laurent Veevaete, Dirk De Kegel, Karen De Jongh, Luc Foubert, Carine Smitz, Marcel Vercauteren, Jan Poelaert, Veerle Van Mossevelde, Jacques Abeloos, Stefaan Bouchez, Marc Coppens, Luc De Baerdemaeker, Isabel Deblaere, Ann De Bruyne, Kristine Fonck, Bjorn Heyse, Tom Jacobs, Koen Lapage, Anneliese Moerman, Martine Neckebroek, Aliaksandra Parashchanka, Nathalie Roels, Nancy Van Den Eynde, Michael Vandenheuvel, JurgenVan Limmen, Ann Vanluchene, Caroline Vanpeteghem, Piet Wyffels, Christel Huygens, Punitha Vandenbempt, Marc Van de Velde, Dimitri Dylst, Bruno Janssen, Evelien Schreurs, Fábia Berganton Aleixo, Keulle Candido, Hugo Dias Batista, Mario Guimarães, Jaqueline Guizeline, João Hoffmann, Francisco Ricardo Marques Lobo, Vinícius Nascimento, Katia Nishiyama, Lucas Pazetto, Daniela Souza, Rodrigo Souza Rodrigues, Ana Maria Vilela dos Santos, Jaquelline Jardim, Luiz Marcelo Sá Malbouisson, Joao Silva, Paulo do Nascimento Junior, Thalissa Hermínia Baio, Gabriel Isaac Pereira de Castro, Henri Roger Watanabe Oliveira, Cristina Prata Amendola, Gutemberg Cardoso, Daniela Ortega, Ana Flavia Brotto, Mirella Cristine De Oliveira, Álvaro Réa-Neto, Fernando Dias, Maria Eduarda Travi, Luiza Zerman, Pedro Azambuja, Marcos Freitas Knibel, Antonio Martins, William Almeida, Calim Neder Neto, Maria Angela Tardelli, Eliana Caser, Marcio Machado, Crisitiano Aguzzoli, Sérgio Baldisserotto, Fernanda Beck Tabajara, Fernanda Bettega, La Hore Correa Rodrigues Júnior, Julia de Gasperi, Lais Faina, Marcos Farias Nolasco, Bruna Ferreira da Costa Fischer, Mariana Fosch de Campos Ferreira, Cristina Hartmann, Marta Kliemann, Gustavo Luis Hubert Ribeiro, Julia Merladete Fraga, Thiago Motta Netto, Laura Valduga Pozza, Paulo Rafael Wendling, Caroline Azevedo, Juliana Garcia, Marcel Lopes, Bernardo Maia, Paula Maselli, Ralph Melo, Weslley Mendes, Matheus Neves, Jacqueline Ney, Claudio Piras, Christopher Applewhaite, Adrienne Carr, Lorraine Chow, Kaylene Duttchen, Julena Foglia, Michael Greene, Ashley Hinther, Kendra Houston, Thomas Jared McCormick, Jennifer Mikhayel, Sam Montasser, Alex Ragan, Andrew Suen, Adrianna Woolsey, Hai Chuan Yu, Duane Funk, Stephen Kowalski, Regina Legaspi, Heather McDonald, Faisal Siddiqui, Jeremy Pridham, Bernadette Rowe, Sonia Sampson, Barton Thiessen, Geoff Zbitnew, Andre Bernard, Ronald George, Philip Jones, Rita Moor, Naveed Siddiqui, Alexandra Wolfer, Diem Tran, Denyse Winch, Gary Dobson, Thomas McCormick, Osama Montasser, Richard Hall, Leyla Baghirzada, Gerard Curley, Si Yuan Dai, Gregory Hare, Esther Lee, Uma Shastri, Albert Tsui, Anmol Yagnik, Danielle Alvares, Stephen Choi, Heather Dwyer, Kathrina Flores, Colin McCartney, Priya Somascanthan, Jo Carroll, Janneth Pazmino-Canizares, Noam Ami, Vincent Chan, Anahi Perlas, Ruth Argue, Yang Huang, Katie Lavis, Kelly Mayson, Ying Cao, Hong Gao, Tingju Hu, Jie Lv, Jian Yang, Yang Yang, Yi Zhong, Jing Zhou, Xiaohua Zou, Miao He, Xiaoying Li, Dihuan Luo, Haiying Wang, Tian Yu, Liyong Chen, Lijun Wang, Yunfei Cai, Zhongming Cao, Yanling Li, Jiaxin Lian, Haiyun Sun, Sheng Wang, Zhipeng Wang, Kenru Wang, Yi Zhu, Xindan Du, Hao Fan, Yunbin Fu, Lixia Huang, Yanming Huang, Haifang Hwan, Hong Luo, Pi-Sheng Qu, Fan Tao, Zhen Wang, Guoxiang Wang, Shun Wang, Yan Zhang, Xiaolin Zhang, Chao Chen, Weixing Wang, Zhengyuan Liu, Lihua Fan, Jing Tang, Yijun Chen, Yongjie Chen, Yangyang Han, Changshun Huang, Guojin Liang, Jing Shen, Jun Wang, Qiuhong Yang, Jungang Zhen, Haidong Zhou, Junping Chen, Zhang Chen, Xiaoyu Li, Bo Meng, Haiwang Ye, Xiaoyan Zhang, Yanbing Bi, Jianqiao Cao, Fengying Guo, Hong Lin, Yang Liu, Meng Lv, Pengcai Shi, Xiumei Song, Chuanyu Sun, Yongtao Sun, Yuelan Wang, Shenhui Wang, Min Zhang, Rong Chen, Jiabao Hou, Yan Leng, Qing-tao Meng, Li Qian, Zi-ying Shen, Zhong-yuan Xia, Rui Xue, Yuan Zhang, Bo Zhao, Xian-jin Zhou, Qiang Chen, Huinan Guo, Yongqing Guo, Yuehong Qi, Zhi Wang, Jianfeng Wei, Weiwei Zhang, Lina Zheng, Qi Bao, Yaqiu Chen, Yijiao Chen, Yue Fei, Nianqiang Hu, Xuming Hu, Min Lei, Xiaoqin Li, Xiaocui Lv, Fangfang Miao, Lingling Ouyang, Lu Qian, Conyu Shen, Yu Sun, Yuting Wang, Dong Wang, Chao Wu, Liyuan Xu, Jiaqi Yuan, Lina Zhang, Huan Zhang, Yapping Zhang, Jinning Zhao, Chong Zhao, Lei Zhao, Tianzhao Zheng, Dachun Zhou, Haiyan Zhou, Ce Zhou, Kaizhi Lu, Ting Zhao, Changlin He, Hong Chen, Shasha Chen, Baoli Cheng, Jie He, Lin Jin, Caixia Li, Hui Li, Yuanming Pan, Yugang Shi, Xiao Hong Wen, Shuijing Wu, Guohao Xie, Kai Zhang, Bing Zhao, Xianfu Lu, Feifei Chen, Qisheng Liang, Xuewu Lin, Yunzhi Ling, Gang Liu, Jing Tao, Lu Yang, Jialong Zhou, Fumei Chen, Zhonggui Cheng, Hanying Dai, Yunlin Feng, Benchao Hou, Haixia Gong, Chun hua Hu, Haijin Huang, Jian Huang, Zhangjie Jiang, Mengyuan Li, Jiamei Lin, Mei Liu, Weicheng Liu, Zhen Liu, Zhiyi Liu, Foquan Luo, Longxian Ma, Jia Min, Xiaoyun Shi, Zhiping Song, Xianwen Wan, Yingfen Xiong, Lin Xu, Shuangjia Yang, Qin Zhang, Hongyan Zhang, Huaigen Zhang, Xuekang Zhang, Lili Zhao, Weihong Zhao, Weilu Zhao, Xiaoping Zhu, Yun Bai, Linbi Chen, Sijia Chen, Qinxue Dai, Wujun Geng, Kunyuan Han, Xin He, Luping Huang, Binbin Ji, Danyun Jia, Shenhui Jin, Qianjun Li, Dongdong Liang, Shan Luo, Lulu Lwang, Yunchang Mo, Yuanyuan Pan, Xinyu Qi, Meizi Qian, Jinling Qin, Yelong Ren, Yiyi Shi, Junlu Wang, Junkai Wang, Leilei Wang, Junjie Xie, Yixiu Yan, Yurui Yao, Mingxiao Zhang, Jiashi Zhao, Xiuxiu Zhuang, Yanqiu Ai, Fang Du, Long He, Ledan Huang, Zhisong Li, Huijuan Li, Yetong Li, Liwei Li, Su Meng, Yazhuo Yuan, Enman Zhang, Jie Zhang, Shuna Zhao, Zhenrong Ji, Ling Pei, Li Wang, Chen Chen, Beibei Dong, Jing Li, Ziqiang Miao, Hongying Mu, Chao Qin, Lin Su, Zhiting Wen, Keliang Xie, Yonghao Yu, Fang Yuan, Xianwen Hu, Ye Zhang, Wangpin Xiao, Zhipeng Zhu, Qingqing Dai, Kaiwen Fu, Rong Hu, Xiaolan Hu, Song Huang, Yaqi Li, Yingping Liang, Shuchun Yu, Zheng Guo, Yan Jing, Na Tang, Jie Wu, Dajiang Yuan, Ruilin Zhang, Xiaoying Zhao, Yuhong Li, Hui-Ping Bai, Chun-Xiao Liu, Fei-Fei Liu, Wei Ren, Xiu-Li Wang, Guan-Jie Xu, Na Hu, Bo Li, Yangwen Ou, Yongzhong Tang, Shanglong Yao, Shihai Zhang, Cui-Cui Kong, Bei Liu, Tianlong Wang, Wei Xiao, Bo Lu, Yanfei Xia, Jiali Zhou, Fang Cai, Pushan Chen, Shuangfei Hu, Hongfa Wang, Qiong Xu, Liu Hu, Liang Jing, Bin Li, Qiang Liu, Yuejiang Liu, Xinjian Lu, Zhen Dan Peng, Xiaodong Qiu, Quan Ren, Youliang Tong, Jin Wang, Yazhou Wen, Qiong Wu, Jiangyan Xia, Jue Xie, Xiapei Xiong, Shixia Xu, Tianqin Yang, Hui Ye, Ning Yin, Jing Yuan, Qiuting Zeng, Baoling Zhang, Kang Zheng, Jing Cang, Shiyu Chen, Yu Fan, Shuying Fu, Xiaodong Ge, Baolei Guo, Wenhui Huang, Linghui Jiang, Xinmei Jiang, Yi Liu, Yan Pan, Yun Ren, Qi Shan, Jiaxing Wang, Fei Wang, Chi Wu, Xiaoguang Zhang, Ida Cecilie Christiansen, Simon Nørgaard Granum, Bodil Steen Rasmussen, Morten Daugaard, Rajiv Gambhir, Birgitte Brandsborg, Guðný Erla Steingrímsdóttir, Peter Jensen-Gadegaard, Karsten Skovgaard Olsen, Hanna Siegel, Katrine Zwicky Eskildsen, Mona Ring Gätke, Ida Wibrandt, Simon Bisgaard Heintzelmann, Kai Henrik Wiborg Lange, Rune Sarauw Lundsgaard, Louise Amstrup-Hansen, Claus Hovendal, Michael Larsen, Mette Lenstrup, Tina Kobborg, Jens Rolighed Larsen, Anette Barbre Pedersen, Søren Hübertz Smith, Rebecca Monett Oestervig, Arash Afshari, Cheme Andersen, Kim Ekelund, Erik Lilja Secher, Helene Beloeil, Sigismond Lasocki, Alexandre Ouattara, Marlene Sineus, Serge Molliex, Marie Lim Legouge, Florent Wallet, Antoine Tesniere, Christophe Gaudin, Paul Lehur, Emma Forsans, Stéphane de Rudnicki, Valerie Serra Maudet, Didier Mutter, Ghassan Sojod, Mehdi Ouaissi, Jean-Marc Regimbeau, Jacques Desbordes, Nicolas Comptaer, Diae el Manser, Sabine Ethgen, 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Visvalingam, Fan Yin Kwok, Chew Kiok Lee, Tse Siang Tan, Sze Meng Wong, Noor Hairiza Abdullah, Chiat Fong Liew, Lovenia Luxuman, Nor Hafizah Mohd Zin, Muhamad Faiz Norddin, Raja Liza Raja Alias, Juan Yong Wong, Johnny Yong, Mohd Tarmimi Bin Mustapha, Weng Ken Chan, Norizawati Dzulkipli, Pei Xuan Kuan, Yew Ching Lee, Anita Alias, Eng Ching Guok, Chiun Chen Jee, Brian Rhadamantyne Ramon, Cheng Weng Wong, Fara Nur Idayu Abd Ghafar, Faizal Zuhri Aziz, Nabilah Hussain, Hooi Sean Lee, Ismawaty Sukawi, Yuan Liang Woon, Husni Zaeem Abd Hadi, Ummi Azmira Ahmad Azam, Abdul Hafiz Alias, Saiful Aizar Kesut, Jun May Lee, Dar Vin Ooi, Hetty Ayuni Sulaiman, Tengku Alini Tengku Lih, Jeyaganesh Veerakumaran, Eder Rojas, Gerardo Esteban Alvarez Resendiz, Darcy Danitza Mari Zapata, Julio Cesar Jesús Aguilar López, Armando Adolfo Alvarez Flores, Juan Carlos Bravo Amador, Erendira Jocelin Dominguez Avila, Laura Patricia González Aquino, Ricardo Lopez Rodriguez, Mariana Torres Landa, Emma Urias, Markus Hollmann, Abraham Hulst, Osne Kirzner Benedikt Preckel, Ankie Koopman-van Gemert, Marc Buise, Noortje Tolenaar, Eric Weber, Jennifer de Fretes, Peter Houweling, Patricia Ormskerk, Jasper Van Bommel, Marcus Lance, Valerie Smit-Fun, Tom van Zundert, Peter Baas, Hans Donald de Boer, Joost Sprakel, Renske Elferink-Vonk, Peter Noordzij, Laura van Zeggeren, Bastiaan Brand, Rob Spanjersberg, Janneke ten Bokkel-Andela, Sandra Numan, Wilton van Klei, Bas van Zaane, Christa Boer, Yoni van Duivenvoorde, Jens Peter Hering, Sylvia van Rossum, Harry Zonneveldt, Doug Campbell, Siobhan Hoare, Sahayam Santa, Marlynn Ali, Sara Jane Allen, Rachel Bell, Hyun-min David Choi, Matthew Drake, Helen Farrell, Katia Hayes, Kushlin Higgie, Kerry Holmes, Nicole Jenkins, Chang Joon Kim, Steven Kim, Kiew Chai Law, Davina McAllister, Karen Park, Karen Pedersen, Leesa Pfeifer, Anna Pozaroszczyk, Timothy Salmond, Martin Steynor, Michael Tan, Ellen Waymouth, Ahmad Sufian Ab Rahman, John Armstrong, Rosie Dudson, Nia 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Biccard, Thuli Biyase, Ines Buccimazza, Jorge Cardosa, James Chen, Bhavika Daya, Leanne Drummond, Ali Elabib, Ehab Helmy Abdel Goad, Ismail E. Goga, Riaz Goga, R. Harrichandparsad, Richard E. Hodgson, J. Jordaan, Nicky Kalafatis, Christian Kampik, A.T. Landers, Emil Loots, Rajhmum Madansein, Anil Madaree, Thandinkosi E. Madiba, Vukani T. Manzini, Mbali Mbuyisa, Rajan Moodley, Mduduzi Msomi, Innocent Mukama, Desigan Naidoo, Rubeshan Naidoo, Tesuven K. Naidu, Sindiswa Ntloko, Eneshia Padayachee, Lucelle Padayachee, Martijn Phaff, Bala Pillay, Desigan Pillay, Lutchmee Pillay, Anupa Ramnarain, Suren R. Ramphal, Paul Ryan, Ahmed Saloojee, Motshedisi Sebitloane, Noluyolo Sigcu, Jenna L. Taylor, Alexandra Torborg, Linda Visser, Philip Anderson, Alae Conradie, Mathew de Swardt, Martin de Villiers, Johan Eikman, Riaan Liebenberg, Johan Mouton, Abbey Paton, Louwrence van der Merwe, Candice Wilscott-Davids, Wendy Joan Barrett, Marlet Bester, Johan de Beer, Jacques Geldenhuys, Hanni Gouws, Jan-Hendrik Potgieter, Magdel Strydom, Edwin WilberforceTurton, Rubendraj R. Chetty, Subash Chirkut, Larissa Cronje, Kim de Vasconcellos, Nokukhanya Z. Dube, N. Sibusiso Gama, Garyth M. Green, Randolph Green-Thompson, Suman Mewa Kinoo, Prenolin Kistnasami, Kapil Maharaj, Manogaran S. Moodley, Sibongile J. Mothae, Ruvashni Naidoo, M. Aslam F Noorbhai, Vivesh Rughubar, Jenendhiran Reddy, Avesh Singh, David L. Skinner, Murray J. Smith, Bhagwan Singh, Ravi Misra, Maheshwar Naidoo, Pireshin Ramdharee, Yvonne Selibea, Selina Sewpersad, Shailendra Sham, Joseph D. Wessels, Cucu Africander, Tarek Bejia, Stephen P. Blakemore, Marisa Botes, Bimalshakth Bunwarie, Carlos B. Hernandez, Mohammud A. Jeeraz, Dagmara A. Legutko, Acela G. Lopez, Jenine N. De Meyer, Tanaka Muzenda, Noel Naidoo, Maryam Patel, Rao Pentela, Marina Junge, Naj Mansoor, Lana Rademan, Pawel Scislowski, Ismail Seedat, Bianca van den Berg, Doreen van der Merwe, Steyn van Wyk, Komalan Govender, Darshan Naicker, Rajesh Ramjee, Mueen Saley, Warren Paul Kuhn, Roel Matos-Puig, Zaheer Moolla Alberto Lisi, Gisela Perez, Anna Valle Beltran, Angels Lozano, Carlos Delgado Navarro, Alejandro Duca, Ernesto Pastor Martinez Ernesto, Carlos Ferrando, Isabel Fuentes, Maria Luisa García-Pérez, Estefania Gracia, Ana Izquierdo Palomares, Antonio Katime, Amanda Miñana, Raul Raul Incertis, Esther Romero, Carolina Soledad Romero Garcia, Concepcion Rubio, Tania Socorro Artiles, Marina Soro, Paola Valls, Gisela Alaman Laguarda, Pau Benavent, Vicente Chisbert Cuenca, Andreu Cueva, Matilde Lafuente, Asuncion Marques Parra, Alejandra Romero Rodrigo, Silvia Sanchez-Morcillo, Sergi Tormo, Francisco Javier Redondo, José Antonio De Andrés Ibanez, Lorena Gómez Diago, Maria José Hernández Cádiz, Granell Gil Manuel, Raquel Peris, Cristina Saiz, Jose Tatay Vivo, Maria Teresa Tebar Soto, Tamara Brunete, David Cancho, David R. Delgado García, Diana Zamudio, Santiago Garcia Del Valle, M. Luz Serrano, Eduardo Alonso, Victor Anillo, Emilio Maseda, Patricia Salgado, Luis Suarez, Alejandro Suarez-de-la-Rica, María José Villagrán, José Ignacio Alonso, Estefania Cabezuelo, Irene Garcia-Saiz, Olga Lopez del Moral, Silvia Martín, Alba Perez Gonzalez, Ma Sherezade Tovar Doncel, Martin Agüero Vera, Francisco José Ávila Sánchez, Beatriz Castaño, Beatriz Castaño Moreira, Sahely Flores Risco, Daniel Paz Martín, Fernando Pérez Martín, Paloma Poza, Adela Ruiz, Wilson Fabio Serna Martínez, Bárbara Vázquez Vicente, Saul Velaz Dominguez, Salvador Fernández, Alfonso Munoz-López, Maria Jose Bernat, Arantxa Mas, Kenneth Planas, Monir Jawad, Yousif Saeed, Annika Hedin, Helena Levander, Sandra Holmström, David Lönn, Frank Zoerner, Irene Åkring, Carl Widmark, Jan Zettergren, Victor Aspelund Liljequist, Lena Nystrom, Suzanne Odeberg-Wernerman, Anders Oldner, Malin Jonsson Fagerlund, Patrik Reje, Sara Lyckner, Jesper Sperber, Anne Adolfsson, Bengt Klarin, Katrin Ögren, Jean-Pierre Barras, Thomas Bührer, Vasileios Despotidis, Naeder Helmy, Stephan Holliger, Dimitri Aristotle Raptis, Roger Schmid, Antoine Meyer, Yves Jaquet, Ulf Kessler, Mirza Muradbegovic, Solange R. 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Zilis, G., Charlalampidoy, A., Christodoulidis, G., Flossos, A., Stamoulis, K., Tsang, MSC, Tsang, M.S., Lai, M.L., Yip, C.P., Heymans Chan, H.M., Law, B., Li, W.S., Chu, H.M., Koo, EGY, Lam, CCJ, Cheng, K.H., Lam, T., Chu, S., Lam, W.Y., Wong, KWK, Kwok, D., Hung, CYJ, Chan, WKJ, Wong, W.L., Chung, CKE, Ma, S.K., Kaushik, S., Shah, B., Shah, D., Shah, S., Ar, P., Muthuchellappan, R., Agarwal, V., Divatia, J., Mishra, S., Nimje, G., Pande, S., Savarkar, S., Shrivastava, A., Thomas, M., Yegnaram, S., Hidayatullah, R., Puar, N., Niman, S., Indra, I., Hamzah, Z., Yuliana, A., Abidin, U.N., Dursin, A.N., Kurnia, A., Susanti, A., Handayani, D., Alit, M.A., Arya, A., Senapathi, TGA, Utara, U.H., Wid, W.M., Wima, S., Wir, W.M., Jehosua, B., Kaunang, J., Lantang, E.Y., Najoan, R., Waworuntu, N., Awad, H., Fuad, A., Geddoa, B., Khalaf, A.R., Al Hussaini, S., Albaj, S., Kenber, M., Bettinelli, A., Spadaro, S., AlbertoVolta, C., Giancarlo, L., Sottosanti, V., Copetti, E., Spagnesi, L., Toretti, 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V., Naylor, C., Bell, S., Heather, B., Kushakovsky, V., Alcock, L., Alexander, H., Anderson, C., Baker, P., Brookes, M., Cawthorn, L., Cirstea, E., Clarkson, R., Colling, K., Coulter, I., Das, S., Haigh, K., Hamdan, A., Hugill, K., Kottam, L., Lisseter, E., Mawdsley, M., McGivern, J., Padala, K., Phelps, V., Ramesh Kumar, V., Stewart, K., Towse, K., Tregonning, J., Vahedi, A., Walker, A., Baines, D., Bilolikar, A., Chande, S., Copley, E., Dunk, N., Kulkarni, R., Kumar, P., Metodiev, Y., Ncomanzi, D., Raithatha, B., Raymode, P., Szafranski, J., Twohey, L., Watt, P., Weatherall, L., Weatherill, J., Whitman, Z., Wighton, E., Abayasinghe, C., Chan, A., Darwish, S., Gill, J., Glasgow, E., Hadfield, D., Harris, C., Hopkins, P., Kochhar, A., Kunst, G., Mellis, C., Pool, A., Riozzi, P., Selman, A., Smith, E.J., Vele, L., Gercek, Y., Guy, K., Holden, D., Watson, N., Whysall, K., Andreou, P., Hales, D., Thompson, J., Bowrey, S., McDonald, S., Gilmore, J., Hills, V., Kelly, C., Kelly, S., Lloyd, G., Abbott, T., Gall, L., Torrance, H., Vivian, M., Berntsen, E., Nolan, T., Turner, A., Vohra, A., Brown, A., Clark, R., Coughlan, E., Daniel, C., Patvardhan, C., Pearson, R., Predeep, S., Saad, H., Shanmugam, M., Varley, S., Wylie, K., Cooper, L., Makowski, A., Misztal, B., Moldovan, E., Pegg, C., Donovan, A., Foot, J., Large, S., Claxton, A., Netke, B., Armstrong, R., Calderwood, C., Kwok, A., Mohr, O., Oyeniyi, P., Patnaik, L., Post, B., Ali, S., Arshad, H., Baker, G., Brenner, L., Brincat, M., Brunswicker, A., Cox, H., Cozar, O.I., Cheong, E., Durst, A., Fengas, L., Flatt, J., Glister, G., Narwani, V., Photi, E., Rankin, A., Rosbergen, M., Beaton, C., Horn, R., Hunt, J., Rousseau, G., Stancombe, L., Absar, M., Allsop, J., Drinkwater, Z., Hodgkiss, T., Smith, K., Alexander-Sefre, F., Campey, L., Dudgeon, L., Hall, K., Hitchcock, R., James, L., Winstone, U., Ahmad, N., Bauchmuller, K., Harrison, J., Jeffery, H., Miller, D., Pinder, A., Pothuneedi, S., Rosser, J., Sanghera, S., Swift, D., Walker, R., Bester, D., Cavanagh, S., Cripps, H., Daniel, H., Lynch, J., Pyke, S., Scholefield, J., Whitworth, H., Bottrill, F., Ramalingam, G., Webb, S., Akerman, N., Antill, P., Bourner, L., Buckley, S., Castle, G., Charles, R., Eggleston, C., Foster, R., Gill, S., Lindley, K., Lklouk, M., Lowery, T., Martin, O., Milne, D., O'Connor, P., Ratcliffe, A., Rose, A., Smith, A., Varma, S., Ward, J., Barcraft-Barnes, H., Camsooksai, J., Colvin, C., Reschreiter, H., Tbaily, L., Venner, N., Hamilton, C., Kelly, L., Toth-Tarsoly, P., Dodsworth, K., Foord, D., Gordon, P., Hawes, E., Lamb, N., Mouland, J., Nightingale, J., Rose, S., Schrieber, J., Al'Amri, K., Aladin, H., Arshad, M.A., Barraclough, J., Bentley, C., Bergin, C., Carrera, R., Clarkson, A., Collins, M., Denham, S., Griffiths, E., Ip, P., Jeyanthan, S., Joory, K., Kaur, S., Marriott, P., Mitchell, N., Nagaiah, S., Nilsson, A., Parekh, N., Pope, M., Seager, J., Serag, H., Tameem, A., Thomas, A., Thunder, J., Torrance, A., Vohra, R., Whitehouse, A., Wong, T., Blunt, M., Wong, K., Giles, J., Reed, I., Weller, D., Bell, G., Birch, J., Damant, R., Maiden, J., Mewies, C., Prince, C., Radford, J., Reynolds, T., Balain, B., Banerjee, R., Barnett, A., Burston, B., Edwards, J., Evans, C., Ford, D., Gallacher, P., Hill, S., Jaffray, D., Karlakki, S., Kennedy, J., Kiely, N., Lewthwaite, S., Marquis, C., Ockendon, M., Phillips, S., Pickard, S., Richardson, J., Roach, R., Smith, T., Spencer-Jones, R., Steele, N., Steen, J., Van Liefland, M., White, S., Faulds, M., Harris, M., Nicol, S., Pearson, S.A., Chukkambotla, S., Andrew, A., Attrill, E., Campbell, G., Datson, A., Fouracres, A., Graterol, J., Graves, L., Hong, B., Ishimaru, A., Karthikeyan, A., King, H., Lawson, T., Lee, G., Lyons, S., Hall, A.M., Mathoulin, S., Mcintyre, E., Mclaughlin, D., Mulcahy, K., Paddle, J., Robbins, J., Sung, W., Tayo, A., Trembath, L., Venugopal, S., Wigmore, G., Boereboom, C., Downes, C., Humphries, R., Melbourne, S., Tou, S., Ullah, S., Batchelor, N., Boxall, L., Broomby, R., Deen, T., Hellewell, A., Helliwell, L., Hutchings, M., Hutchins, D., Keenan, S., Mackie, D., Potter, A., Smith, F., Stone, L., Thorpe, K., Wassall, R., Woodgate, A., Baillie, S., Campbell, T., James, S., King, C., Marques de Araujo, D., Martin, D., Morkane, C., Neely, J., Rajendram, R., Burton, M., James, K., Keevil, E., Minik, O., Morgan, J., Musgrave, A., Rajanna, H., Roberts, T., Adamson, M., Jumbe, S., Kendall, J., Muthuswamy, M.B., Cruikshanks, A., Wrench, I., Zeidan, L., Ardern, D., Harris, B., Hellstrom, J., Martin, J., Thomas, R., Varsani, N., Brown, C.W., Docherty, P., Gillies, M., McGregor, E., Usher, H., Craig, J., Ahmad, T., Bodger, P., Creary, T., Fowler, A., Ijuo, E., Jones, T., Kantsedikas, I., Lahiri, S., McLean, A.L., Niebrzegowska, E., Phull, M., Wickboldt, N., Baldwin, J., Doyle, D., Mcmullan, S., Oladapo, M., Owen, T., Williams, A., Gregory, P., Husain, T., Kirk-Bayley, J., Mathers, E., Montague, L., Harper, M., Jack, J., Ridley, C., Avis, J., Cook, T., Dali-Kemmery, L., Kerslake, I., Lambourne, V., Pearson, A., Boyd, C., Callaghan, M., Lawson, C., McCrossan, R., Nesbitt, V., O'connor, L., Sinclair, R., Farid, N., Morgese, C., Bhatia, K., Karmarkar, S., Ahmed, J., Branagan, G., Hutton, M., Swain, A., Brookes, J., Cornell, J., Dolan, R., Hulme, J., Jansen van Vuuren, A., Jowitt, T., Kalashetty, G., Lloyd, F., Patel, K., Sherwood, N., Brown, L., Chandler, B., Deighton, K., Emma, T., Haunch, K., Cheeseman, M., Dent, K., Gray, C., Hood, M., Jones, D., Juj, J., Rao, R., Walker, T., Al Anizi, M., Cheah, C., Cheing, Y., Coutinho, F., Gondo, P., Hadebe, B., Hove, M.O., Khader, A., Krishnachetty, B., Rhodes, K., Sokhi, J., Baker, K.A., Bertram, W., Looseley, A., Mouton, R., Hanna, G., Arnold, G., Arya, S., Balfoussia, D., Baxter, L., Harris, J., Jones, C., Knaggs, A., Markar, S., Perera, A., Scott, A., Shida, A., Sirha, R., Wright, S., Frost, V., Andrews, E., Arrandale, L., Barrett, S., Cifra, E., Cooper, M., Dragnea, D., Elna, C., Maclean, J., Meier, S., Milliken, D., Munns, C., Ratanshi, N., Ramessur, S., Salvana, A., Watson, A., Ali, H., Critchley, R., Endersby, S., Hicks, C., Liddle, A., Pass, M., Ritchie, C., Thomas, C., Too, L., Welsh, S., Gill, T., Johnson, J., Reed, J., Davis, E., Papadopoullos, S., Attwood, C., Biffen, A., Boulton, K., Gray, S., Hay, D., Mills, S., Montgomery, J., Riddell, R., Simpson, J., Bhardwaj, N., Paul, E., Uwubamwen, N., Alexander, M., Arrich, J., Arumugam, S., Blackwood, D., Boggiano, V., Chan, Y.L., Chatterjee, D., Chhabra, A., Christian, R., Costelloe, H., Matthewman, M.C., Dalton, E., Darko, J., Davari, M., Dave, T., Deacon, M., Deepak, S., Edmond, H., Ellis, J., El-Sayed, A., Eneje, P., English, R., Ewe, R., Foers, W., Franklin, J., Gallego, L., Garrett, E., Goldberg, O., Goss, H., Greaves, R., Harris, R., Hennings, C., Jones, E., Kamali, N., Kokkinos, N., Lewis, C., Lignos, L., Malgapo, E.V., Malik, R., Milne, A., Mulligan, J.P., Nicklin, P., Palipane, N., Parsons, T., Piper, R., Prakash, R., Ramesh, B., Rasip, S., Reading, J., Rela, M., Reyes, A., Stephens, R., Rooms, M., Shah, K., Simons, H., Solanki, S., Spowart, E., Stevens, A., Waggett, H., Yassaee, A., Kennedy, A., Scott, S., Somanath, S., Berg, A., Hernandez, M., Nanda, R., Tank, G., Wilson, N., Wilson, D., Al-Soudaine, Y., Baldwin, M., Cornish, J., Davies, Z., Davies, L., Edwards, M., Frewer, N., Gallard, S., Glasbey, J., Harries, R., Hopkins, L., Kim, T., Koompirochana, V., Lawson, S., Lewis, M., Makzal, Z., Scourfield, S., Ahmad, Y., Bates, S., Blackwell, C., Bryant, H., Collins, H., Coulter, S., Cruickshank, R., Daniel, S., Daubeny, T., Golder, K., Hawkins, L., Helen, B., Hinxman, H., Levett, D., Salmon, K., Seaward, L., Skinner, B., Tyrell, B., Wadams, B., Walsgrove, J., Dickson, J., Constantin, K., Karen, M., O'Brien, P., O'Donohoe, L., Payne, H., Sundayi, S., Walker, E., Brooke, J., Cardy, J., Humphreys, S., Kessack, L., Kubitzek, C., Kumar, S., Cotterill, D., Hodzovic, E., Hosdurga, G., Miles, E., Saunders, G., Campbell, M., Chan, P., Jemmett, K., Raj, A., Naik, A., Oshowo, A., Ramamoorthy, R., Shah, N., Sylvan, A., Blyth, K., Burtenshaw, A., Freeman, D., Johnson, E., Lo, P., Martin, T., Plunkett, E., Wollaston, J., Allison, J., Carroll, C., Craw, N., Craw, S., Pitt-Kerby, T., Rowland-Axe, R., Spurdle, K., McDonald, A., Simon, D., Sinha, V., Banner-Goodspeed, V., Boone, M., Campbell, K., Lu, F., Scannell, J., Sobol, J., Balajonda, N., Clemmons, K., Conde, C., Elgasim, M., Funk, B., Hopkins, T., Olaleye, O., Omer, O., Pender, M., Porto, A., Waweru, P., Yeh, E., Bodansky, D., Evans, A., Kleopoulos, S., Maril, R., Mathney, E., Sanchez, A., Tinuoye, E., Bateman, B., Eng, K., Jiang, N., Ladha, K., Needleman, J., Chen, L.L., Lane, R., Robinowitz, D., Ghushe, N., Irshad, M., O'Connor, J., Patel, S., Takemoto, S., Wallace, A., Mazzeffi, M., Rock, P., Wallace, K., Chua, P., Mattera, M., Sharar, R., Thilen, S., Treggiari, M., Morgan, A., Sofjan, I., Subramaniam, K., Avidan, M., Maybrier, H., Muench, M., and Wildes, T.
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Male ,Postoperative Complications/epidemiology ,Hospital mortality ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,surgery ,Postoperative Complications ,0302 clinical medicine ,cohort studies ,030202 anesthesiology ,patient safety ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Postoperative Period ,Medicine(all) ,Middle Aged ,Checklist ,3. Good health ,Treatment Outcome ,operative/mortality ,Elective Surgical Procedures ,Surgical Procedures, Operative ,Meta-analysis ,Cohort ,Cohort studies ,Female ,Elective Surgical Procedure ,postoperative care/methods ,postoperative care/statistics and numerical data ,surgical procedures ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Cohort study ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Evidence-based medicine ,NO ,03 medical and health sciences ,Patient safety ,medicine ,postoperative care/method ,Humans ,Elective Surgical Procedures/standards ,Aged ,Cohort Studies ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,Hospital Mortality ,Patient Safety ,Postoperative Complications/mortality ,Postoperative Complications/prevention & control ,Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods ,business.industry ,Odds ratio ,Surgery ,Observational study ,business ,cohort studie - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool.METHODS: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals.RESULTS: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32-0.77); PCONCLUSIONS: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine.
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- 2018
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16. Standards for definitions and use of outcome measures for clinical effectiveness research in perioperative medicine
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Nadine Wickboldt, Rupert M Pearse, Brigitte Leva, Michelle S Chew, Andreas Hoeft, Andrew Smith, Paolo Pelosi, Bernhard Walder, Marcus J. Schultz, Michael Sander, Andrew Rhodes, and Ib Jammer
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Clinical audit ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Perioperative medicine ,business.industry ,MEDLINE ,Perioperative ,Guideline ,Outcome (game theory) ,Clinical trial ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Quality of life (healthcare) ,medicine ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Abstract
There is a need for large trials that test the clinical effectiveness of interventions in the field of perioperative medicine. Clinical outcome measures used in such trials must be robust, clearly defined and patient-relevant. Our objective was to develop standards for the use of clinical outcome measures to strengthen the methodological quality of perioperative medicine research. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and opinion leaders worldwide were invited to nominate papers that they believed the group should consider. The full texts of relevant articles were reviewed by the taskforce members and then discussed to reach a consensus on the required standards. The report was then circulated to opinion leaders for comment and review. This report describes definitions for 22 individual adverse events with a system of severity grading for each. In addition, four composite outcome measures were identified, which were designed to evaluate postoperative outcomes. The group also agreed on standards for four outcome measures for the evaluation of healthcare resource use and quality of life. Guidance for use of these outcome measures is provided, with particular emphasis on appropriate duration of follow-up. This report provides clearly defined and patient-relevant outcome measures for large clinical trials in perioperative medicine. These outcome measures may also be of use in clinical audit. This report is intended to complement and not replace other related work to improve assessment of clinical outcomes following specific surgical procedures.
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- 2015
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17. Does Central Venous Oxygen Saturation-directed Fluid Therapy Affect Postoperative Morbidity after Colorectal Surgery?
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Ib Jammer, Olav Lødemel, Gro Østgaard, Atle Ulvik, and Christian Erichsen
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Postoperative complication ,Perioperative ,Hydroxyethyl starch ,Colorectal surgery ,law.invention ,Surgery ,Regimen ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Bolus (medicine) ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Hypovolemia ,Anesthesia ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background The optimal amount and method for monitoring intravenous fluid in surgical patients is unresolved. Central venous oxygen saturation (Scvo2) has been used to guide therapy and predict outcome in high-risk and intensive-care patients. The aim of this prospective, randomized trial was to compare the rate of postoperative complications in patients receiving fluid therapy guided by Scvo2 and those treated with a traditional effluent fluid scheme. Methods Patients undergoing open colorectal and lower intestinal surgery (n = 241) were randomized to the Scvo2 group or the control group. The Scvo2 group received perioperatively crystalloid infusion 100 ml/h. When Scvo2 was less than 75%, a bolus of 3 ml/kg hydroxyethyl starch was given. The bolus was repeated if Scvo2 increased by 1 percentage point or more. The control group was maintained with crystalloid 800 ml/h and given extra fluid if there were clinical signs of hypovolemia. The participating surgeon, unaware of the group allocation, registered complications within day 30. Results Until 8:00 am on the first postoperative day, the Scvo2 group had received 3,869 ± 992 ml (mean ± SD) intravenous fluid compared with 6,491 ± 1,649 ml in the control group. Increase in weight was 0.8 ± 1.8 kg and 2.5 ± 1.6 kg in the two groups, respectively. The postoperative complication rate was 42% in both groups. Conclusion Clinical outcomes among patients receiving Scvo2-guided perioperative fluid therapy were similar to those for patients treated with a traditional fluid regimen. Limitations in study design prevent full interpretation of these findings, and further large trials of this treatment algorithm are still required.
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- 2010
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18. Stroke volume variation to guide fluid therapy: is it suitable for high-risk surgical patients? A terminated randomized controlled trial
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Ib, Jammer, Mari, Tuovila, and Atle, Ulvik
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Research - Abstract
Background Perioperative goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) may improve outcome after high-risk surgery. Minimal invasive measurement of stroke volume variation (SVV) has been recommended to guide fluid therapy. We intended to study how perioperative GDFT with arterial-based continuous SVV monitoring influences postoperative complications in a high-risk surgical population. Methods From February 1st 2012, all ASA 3 and 4 patients undergoing abdominal surgery in two university hospitals were assessed for randomization into a control group or GDFT group. An arterial-line cardiac output monitor was used to measure SVV, and fluid was given after an algorithm in the intervention group. Restrictions of the method excluded patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery, patients with atrial fibrillation and patients with severe mitral/aortal stenosis. To detect a decrease in number of complication from 40 % in the control group to 20 % in the GDFT group, n = 164 patients were needed (power 80 %, alpha 0.05, two-sided test). To include the needed amount of patients, the study was estimated to last for 2 years. Results After 1 year, 30 patients were included and the study was halted due to slow inclusion rate. Of 732 high-risk patients scheduled for abdominal surgery, 391 were screened for randomization. Of those, n = 249 (64 %) were excluded because a laparoscopic technique was preferred and n = 95 (24 %) due to atrial fibrillation. Conclusions Our study was stopped due to a slow inclusion rate. Methodological restrictions of the arterial-line cardiac output monitor excluded the majority of patients. This leaves the question if this method is appropriate to guide fluid therapy in high-risk surgical patients. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01473446. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13741-015-0016-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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- 2015
19. Standards for definitions and use of outcome measures for clinical effectiveness research in perioperative medicine: European Perioperative Clinical Outcome (EPCO) definitions: a statement from the ESA-ESICM joint taskforce on perioperative outcome measures
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Ib, Jammer, Nadine, Wickboldt, Michael, Sander, Andrew, Smith, Marcus J, Schultz, Paolo, Pelosi, Brigitte, Leva, Andrew, Rhodes, Andreas, Hoeft, Bernhard, Walder, Michelle S, Chew, and Rupert M, Pearse
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Clinical Trials as Topic ,Biomedical Research ,Outcome Assessment, Health Care ,Quality of Life ,Humans ,Perioperative Care - Abstract
There is a need for large trials that test the clinical effectiveness of interventions in the field of perioperative medicine. Clinical outcome measures used in such trials must be robust, clearly defined and patient-relevant. Our objective was to develop standards for the use of clinical outcome measures to strengthen the methodological quality of perioperative medicine research. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and opinion leaders worldwide were invited to nominate papers that they believed the group should consider. The full texts of relevant articles were reviewed by the taskforce members and then discussed to reach a consensus on the required standards. The report was then circulated to opinion leaders for comment and review. This report describes definitions for 22 individual adverse events with a system of severity grading for each. In addition, four composite outcome measures were identified, which were designed to evaluate postoperative outcomes. The group also agreed on standards for four outcome measures for the evaluation of healthcare resource use and quality of life. Guidance for use of these outcome measures is provided, with particular emphasis on appropriate duration of follow-up. This report provides clearly defined and patient-relevant outcome measures for large clinical trials in perioperative medicine. These outcome measures may also be of use in clinical audit. This report is intended to complement and not replace other related work to improve assessment of clinical outcomes following specific surgical procedures.
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- 2014
20. Perioperative interventions and post-operative outcomes
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Ib Jammer
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,General surgery ,Psychological intervention ,General Medicine ,Perioperative ,Surgery ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,030202 anesthesiology ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Post operative ,business - Published
- 2016
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21. Postoperative komplikasjoner
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Ib Jammer
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General Medicine - Published
- 2016
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22. Does central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2)-directed fluid therapy affect outcome after colorectal surgery? A randomized controlled trial
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G. Østgaard, A. Ulvik, and Ib Jammer
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine ,Fluid therapy ,Randomized controlled trial ,business.industry ,law ,Medicine ,business ,Affect (psychology) ,Outcome (game theory) ,Colorectal surgery ,Surgery ,law.invention - Published
- 2010
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23. Expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in experimental chronic pancreatitis
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Gisela Sparmann, Stefan Liebe, Ib Jammer, J. Merkord, and Joerg Emmrich
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Hepatology ,Chemistry ,Gastroenterology ,medicine ,Cancer research ,Pancreatitis ,Matrix metalloproteinase ,medicine.disease - Published
- 2000
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24. Medical services of a mulicultural summer camp event: experiences from the 22nd World Scout Jamboree, Sweden 2011
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Anna Lindholm Olinder, Stefan R. Hansson, Bo Selander, Anna Elmerfeldt Wallinder, Ib Jammer, and Christina Allansdotter Andersson
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Health informatics ,Health administration ,Health services ,Nursing ,Health care ,Correspondence ,Medicine ,Humans ,Scout ,Camp ,Health policy ,Sweden ,Medical education ,Health Services Needs and Demand ,business.industry ,Event (computing) ,Public health ,Nursing research ,Health Policy ,Paediatrics ,Health Care Service and Management, Health Policy and Services and Health Economy ,Health Planning ,Adolescent Health Services ,Camping ,Morbidity ,Safety ,business ,Delivery of Health Care - Abstract
Background: Prevention and treatment of medical issues are the main task of a health service at a youth camp. However, only few reports about organisation and implementation of camp health care are available. This makes it difficult for future camp directors to plan and estimate the health care needed for a certain camp size. We summarize the experience in planning and running health care for the 22nd World Scout Jamboree (WSJ) 2011 in Sweden. Methods: During the WSJ, 40,061 participants from 146 nations were gathered in southern Sweden to a 12 day summer camp. Another 31,645 people were visitors. Members for the medical service were 153 volunteering medical professionals with different language and cultural backgrounds from 18 different countries. Results: Of 40,061 participants 2,893 (7.3%) needed medical assistance. We found an equal distribution of cases to approximately one third surgical, one third medical and one third unspecified cases. Much energy was spent on health prevention, hygiene measures and organizing of psychological support. Conclusions: A youth camp with a multicultural population and a size of a small city demands flexible staff with high communication skills. Special attention should be paid in prevention of contagious diseases and taking care of psychological issues.
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25. Postoperative continuous positive airway pressure to prevent pneumonia, re-intubation, and death after major abdominal surgery (PRISM): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial
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Rupert Pearse, Marco Ranieri, Tom Abbott, Mari-Liis Pakats, Edoardo Piervincenzi, Akshaykumar Patel, Brennan Kahan, Andrew Rhodes, Priyanthi Dias, Russell Hewson, Ib Jammer, Michelle Chew, Cesar Aldecoa, Reitze Rodseth, Bruce Biccard, Tim Stephens, Sara Payne, David Hepworth, Soeren Pischke, Joerund Asvall, John Hausken, Shaman Jhanji, Martin Rooms, Neil Flint, Dawn Hales, Tamas Szakmany, Andrew Leitch, Savino Spadaro, Davide Chiumello, Paul Johnston, Joyce Yeung, Guglielmo Tellan, Tonny Veenith, Josep Macmillan, Pierpaolo Terragni, Caroline Sander, Vidya Kasipandian, Tahania Ahmad, Aaron Lee, Marcello Tammaro, Danny McAuley, Simon Skene, Ravinder Vohra, Matt Wilson, Mark Edwards, Ewen Griffiths, Naomi Pritchard, Claudia Filippini, Tor Aasmundstad, Einar Aksnes, Lise-Merete Alpers, Andreas Barratt-Due, Anita Dahl, Linda Feldt, Elisa Figari, Eva Flåten, Karen Granheim, Minna Hagring, Håkon Haugaa, Gisle Kjoesen, Inge Klaevahaugen, Harald Lenz, Marianne Myhre, Hilde Orrem, Emily Stitt, Tor Inge Toennessen, Samuel Al-Kadhimi, Robert Anker, Mihaela Balint, Lauren Barraclough, Ethel Black, Matt Clayton, Leonora Conneely, Zara Edwards, Alex Eeles, Matthew Evans, Michelle Gerstman, Nicole Greenshields, Eleanor Harvey, Aoife Hegarty, Natalie Hester, Jenna Hutchinson, Ramanathan Kasivisvanathan, Helen Lawrence, Veronica Marsh, Laura Matthews, Francesca Mazzola, Jamie McCanny, Ben Morrison, Michelle O'Mahony, Ching Ling Pang, David Parkinson, Katrina Pirie, Ravishankar Rao Baikady, Louisa Shovel, Lorna Smith, Kate Tatham, Peter Thomas, Sophie Uren, Susanna Walker, Alasdair Wills, Prematie Andreou, Alex Howson, Jasmin Kaur, Adam Lewszuk, Esther Molina, Nirmalabaye Ramsamy, Emma Roberts, Vanessa Amaral, Salma Begum, Soliana Bekele, Richard Cashmore, Carmen Correia, Steven Dunkley, Maria Fernandez, Alexander Fowler, Amaia Garcia, Maria Della Giovampaola, Kathryn Greaves, Bethan Griffiths, Ryan Haines, Richard Haslop, Ying Hu, Sarah Hui, Marta Januszewska, Vasi Manon, Tim Martin, Shaun May, Annamaria Minicozzi, Edyta Niebrzegowska, Monica Oliveira, Katherine Pates, Filipa Santos, Tasnin Shahid, Paolo Simili, Alastair Somerville, Emily Subhedar, Ruzena Uddin, Sophie Walker, Yize Wan, Jan Whalley, Parjam Zolfaghari, Una Gunter, Gemma Hodkinson, Gwenllian Howe, Valentina Baratozzi, Giulia Casotto, Giulia Darai, Erica Ferrari, Giovanni Mistraletti, Valentina Palmaverdi, Stefano Furlani, Paolo Priani, Riccardo Ragazzi, Marco Salmaso, Marco Verri, Carlo Volta, Chris Nutt, Emma McKay, Orla O'Neill, Jaimin Patel, Katie Atterbury, Sarah Ballinger, Natalie Carling, Kaytie Ellis, Jo Gresty, Teresa Melody, Jade Monk, Chloe Norman, Eleanor Reeves, Julia Sampson, Peter Sutton, Marie Thomas, Amy Bamford, Colin Bergin, Ronald Carrera, Lauren Cooper, Liesl Despy, Karen Ellis, Emma Fellows, Stephanie Goundry, Samantha Harkett, Peter Ip, Tracy Mason, Christopher McGhee, Aisling McLaughlin, Aoife Neal, Martin Pope, Stephanie Porter, Hazel Smith, Catherine Snelson, Elaine Spruce, Ylenia Vigo, Arlo Whitehouse, Tony Whitehouse, Maria Donatiello, Sergio Gazzanelli, Mario Mezzapesa, Martina Savino, Giacomo Settesoldi, Gudrun Kunst, Sian Birch, Louise Greig, Harriet Noble, Evita Pappa, Bethany Penhaligon, Andrea Cossu, Leda Floris, Davide Piredda, Alberto Racca, Olof Brattstrom, Bente Heggelund, Magnus Flodberg, Sandra Månsson, Mamoona Ahmed, Jonathan Allen, Paula Bell, Roman Genetu, Julia Glennon, Janice Hanley, Katy Jenner, Summayyah Jogi, Parisa Mahjoob, Clare McGovern, Anthony Murphy, Roonak Nazari, Jacki Routledge, Trishna Uttamlal, Sinead Ward, Giorgio Iotti, Raffaella Picchioni, Silvia Poma, Paolo Navalesi, Andrea Bruni, Brunella De Leonardis, Eugenio Garofalo, Panna Patel, Carol McArthur, Karen Burns, Steven Peters, Giuseppe Foti, Serena Calcinati, Alice Grassi, Silvia Villa, John Berridge, Muthuraj Kanakaraj, Hazel Cahill, Greg Forshaw, Andy Gibson, Lia Grainger, Kate Howard, Katherine James, Zoe Murphy, Helen Sweeting, Rebecca Tait, Danielle Wilcock, David Yates, Sean Cope, Ashley Allan, Rebecca Betts, Sarah Cornell, Julie Sheriff, Lindsey Woods, Giacomo Grasselli, Matteo Brioni, Luigi Castagna, Richard von Rahden, Zane Farina, Samantha Green, Simphiwe Gumede, Chantal Rajah, Arisha Ramkillawan, Susan Moug, David Alcorn, Carol Dalton, Natalie Dickinson, Jennifer Edwards, Steven Henderson, Erin McIlveen, Richard Ramsaran, Joanne Bell, Lorna Fleming, Kathleen Monks, Jane Parker, Sean Stamper, Jo Stokes-Denson, Elisa Elías, Yessica Guerra, Jesus Rico-Feijoo, Carlos Kidel, Helder Filipe, Gretchelle Asis, Yvonne Gleeson, Alice Harvey, Christine Jackson, Margaret McNeil, Sara Mingo, Glykeria Pakou, Manuel Pinto, Stephen Wright, Maite Babio-Galan, David Buckley, Verity Calder, Ahmad Chishti, Joseph Cosgrove, Katherine Cullen, Leigh Dunn, Matthew Faulds, Jonathan Fortune, Matthew Gardner, Abigail Harrison, Carole Hays, Gerry Jones, Caroline Macfie, Iain Mccullagh, Ian Nesbitt, Suzanne O'Neil, Catherine Phoenix, Girish Rangaswamy, Craig Samson, Carmen Scott, Tara Shrestha, Rita Singh, Graham Soulsby, Jon Walton, Kimberley Zwiggelaar, Ceri Lynch, Heidi Clarke, Bethan Deacon, Helen Ivatt, Leanne Jones, Ahmed Latif, Shaun Oram, Chris Perman, Lisa Roche, Rowan Duys, Margot Flint, Kamal Bhagwan, Ettienne Coetzee, Ivan Joubert, Felipe Montoya-Pelaez, Pradeep Navsaria, Guy Picken, Owen Porrill, Grant Strathie, Thembinkosi Zungu, Sireesha Aluri, Simon Chau, Deborah Cooper, Mishell Cunningham, Allison Daniels, Susan Hope, Alice Nicholson, Laura Walker, Antonino Giarratano, Giuseppe Accurso, Santi Raineri, Giuseppe Tricoli, Richard Innes, Patricia Doble, Joanne Hutter, Corinne Pawley, Moira Tait, Mark Hamilton, Edward Andrade, Veronica Barnes, Claire Dalton, Carlos Delgado, Sarah Farnell-Ward, Helen Farrah, Geraldine Gray, Luisa Howlett, Gipsy Joseph, Monika Krupa, Susannah Leaver, Joao Macedo, Karen Maher, Johannes Mellinghoff, Rachel Oguntimehin, Joel Pereira, Frances Robinson, Christine Ryan, Nirav Shah, Paula Shirley, Alexandra Torborg, Thuli Biyase, Leanne Drummond, Belinda Kusel, Mbalenhle Mbuyisa, Sivuyisiwe Solala, Jenna Taylor, Adanma Ezihe-Ejiofor, Maame Aduse-Poku, Gary Colville, Louise Davies, Soo Kang, Alex Phillips, Justin Kirk-Bayley, Leigh Kelliher, Paula Carvelli, Gokce Daysal, Matthew Dickinson, Nancileigh Doyle, Christina Hughes, Laura Montague, Elizabeth Potter, Armorel Salberg, Sheena Sibug, Sinduja Sivarajan, Milo Thomson, Nichola Wakeford, Monica Rocco, Daniela Alampi, Daniel Conway, Richard Clark, Jashmin Maria, Fiona Pomeroy, Tanviha Quraishi, Abigail Williams, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Caroline Aherne, Donna Harrison-Briggs, Jill Fitchett, Stephen Duberley, Andrea Zanoni, Daniela Cardinale, Claudia Righi, Mark Blunt, Tracy Fuller, Ruth Hodgson, Melissa Rosbergen, Andrew Brennan, Louise Akeroyd, Victoria Boardman, Christopher Bull, Mike Carrick, Ian Chadderton, Sarah Cooper, Sarah Goellner, Laura Graham, Carl Ilyas, James King, Muhammad Laklouk, Tom Lawton, Christopher Macrow, Michael Munro, Adam Neep, Martin Northey, Victoria Peacock, Kate Pye, Lydia Radley, James Sira, Beth Smithson, Stuart Syddall, David Tooth, Thomas White, Sindre Hoel, Elin Aakre, Monica Bakke, Tone Hoivik, Arystarch Makowski, Harry Alcock, Sean Cardoso, Samantha Coetzee, Mary Everett, Mohamed Ibrahim, Christina Kouridaki, Vongayi Ogbeide, Elisabetta Bertellini, Valentina Bertolotti, Antonio Buono, Maria Fanigliulo, Ram Kumar, Nicole Richards, Alisha Allana, Samantha Bacciarelli, Helen Barker, Jessica De Bois, Isabel Bradley, Jennifer Crooks, Peter Daum, Alex Feben, Lizzie Gannon, Sarah Kipling, Andrew Peetamsingh, Charlotte Quamina, Sahiba Sethi, Harry Sivadhas, Kathryn Sollesta, Andrew Swain, Evalyn Tan, Joan Willis, Maggie Zou, Julius Cranshaw, Nina Barratt, Katie Bowman, Debbie Branney, Maria Letts, Sally Pitts, Christopher Day, Sarah Benyon, Sara Eddy, Adam Green, Anna Grice, Sinéad Kelly, Daisy Mackle, Victor Mariano, Linda Park, Pauline Sibley, William Spencer, Elena Bignami, Valentina Bellini, Francesco Forfori, Maria Curci, Alessandra Leo, Matthew Jackson, Jennifer Awolesi, Sheila Hodgkinson, Alissa Kent, Dee Leonard, Claire Stapleton, Clare Tibke, Farhad Alexander-Sefre, Lorraine Campey, Kathryn Hall, Jennifer Spimpolo, Malin Nilsson, Helen Didriksson, Emma Hamilton, Mandy Carnahan, Chris Mowatt, Jo Stickley, Antonio Corcione, Giuseppe Rossi, Hege Fladby, Nina Andersen, Gunhild Bjoernå, Mads Reite, Linda Roertveit, Philipp Seidel, Glenn Arnold, Melissa Benavente, Anjalee Chattersingh, Nyasha Chironga, Gillian Hornzee, Joyce Kibaru, Ihtisham Malik, Laura McLeavy, Byiravey Pathmanathan, Florence Prior, Rhea Strudwick, Marios Vezyrgiannis, Aneeta Sinha, Sheeba Babu, Bisanth Batuwitage, Zoe Daly, Katharine Ellinor, Elizabeth Hawes, Ann Holmes, Karen Hudson, Jeremy Nightingale, Alison Le Poidevin, Lindsey Roberts, Agnieszka Kubisz-Pudelko, Joanna Allison, Lucy Pippard, Vincent Hamlyn, Angie Organ, Thaventhran Prabhahar, Hayley Bridger, Lee Dvorkin, Vitul Manhas, Rachel Vincent, Shondipon Laha, Terri-Louise Cromie, Donna Doyle, Rachel Howarth, Mark Verlander, Ailsa Watt, Alexandra Williams, Massimo Antonelli, Salvatore Cutuli, Luca Montini, Juan Graterol, Benita Adams, Sarah Bean, Karen Burt, Fiona Hammonds, Suyogi Jigajinni, Laura Fulton, Stephen Kinghorn, Jost Mullenheim, Kirsty Baillie, Martyn Cain, Kerry Colling, Carol Hannaway, Ruggero Corso, Morena Calli, Carlos Ferrando, Esther Romero, Pablo Jorge-Monjas, María Soria-García, José Gómez-Herreras, Rita Rodríguez-Jiménez, Blanca De Prada-Martín, Pearse, Rupert, Ranieri, Marco, Abbott, Tom, Pakats, Mari-Lii, Piervincenzi, Edoardo, Patel, Akshaykumar, Kahan, Brennan, Rhodes, Andrew, Dias, Priyanthi, Hewson, Russell, Jammer, Ib, Chew, Michelle, Aldecoa, Cesar, Rodseth, Reitze, Biccard, Bruce, Stephens, Tim, Payne, Sara, Hepworth, David, Pischke, Soeren, Asvall, Joerund, Hausken, John, Jhanji, Shaman, Rooms, Martin, Flint, Neil, Hales, Dawn, Szakmany, Tama, Leitch, Andrew, Spadaro, Savino, Chiumello, Davide, Johnston, Paul, Yeung, Joyce, Tellan, Guglielmo, Veenith, Tonny, Macmillan, Josep, Terragni, Pierpaolo, Sander, Caroline, Kasipandian, Vidya, Ahmad, Tahania, Lee, Aaron, Tammaro, Marcello, McAuley, Danny, Skene, Simon, Vohra, Ravinder, Wilson, Matt, Edwards, Mark, Griffiths, Ewen, Pritchard, Naomi, Filippini, Claudia, Aasmundstad, Tor, Aksnes, Einar, Alpers, Lise-Merete, Barratt-Due, Andrea, Dahl, Anita, Feldt, Linda, Figari, Elisa, Flåten, Eva, Granheim, Karen, Hagring, Minna, Haugaa, Håkon, Kjoesen, Gisle, Klaevahaugen, Inge, Lenz, Harald, Myhre, Marianne, Orrem, Hilde, Stitt, Emily, Toennessen, Tor Inge, Al-Kadhimi, Samuel, Anker, Robert, Balint, Mihaela, Barraclough, Lauren, Black, Ethel, Clayton, Matt, Conneely, Leonora, Edwards, Zara, Eeles, Alex, Evans, Matthew, Gerstman, Michelle, Greenshields, Nicole, Harvey, Eleanor, Hegarty, Aoife, Hester, Natalie, Hutchinson, Jenna, Kasivisvanathan, Ramanathan, Lawrence, Helen, Marsh, Veronica, Matthews, Laura, Mazzola, Francesca, McCanny, Jamie, Morrison, Ben, O'Mahony, Michelle, Pang, Ching Ling, Parkinson, David, Pirie, Katrina, Rao Baikady, Ravishankar, Shovel, Louisa, Smith, Lorna, Tatham, Kate, Thomas, Peter, Uren, Sophie, Walker, Susanna, Wills, Alasdair, Andreou, Prematie, Howson, Alex, Kaur, Jasmin, Lewszuk, Adam, Molina, Esther, Ramsamy, Nirmalabaye, Roberts, Emma, Amaral, Vanessa, Begum, Salma, Bekele, Soliana, Cashmore, Richard, Correia, Carmen, Dunkley, Steven, Fernandez, Maria, Fowler, Alexander, Garcia, Amaia, Della Giovampaola, Maria, Greaves, Kathryn, Griffiths, Bethan, Haines, Ryan, Haslop, Richard, Hu, Ying, Hui, Sarah, Januszewska, Marta, Manon, Vasi, Martin, Tim, May, Shaun, Minicozzi, Annamaria, Niebrzegowska, Edyta, Oliveira, Monica, Pates, Katherine, Santos, Filipa, Shahid, Tasnin, Simili, Paolo, Somerville, Alastair, Subhedar, Emily, Uddin, Ruzena, Walker, Sophie, Wan, Yize, Whalley, Jan, Zolfaghari, Parjam, Gunter, Una, Hodkinson, Gemma, Howe, Gwenllian, Baratozzi, Valentina, Casotto, Giulia, Darai, Giulia, Ferrari, Erica, Mistraletti, Giovanni, Palmaverdi, Valentina, Furlani, Stefano, Priani, Paolo, Ragazzi, Riccardo, Salmaso, Marco, Verri, Marco, Volta, Carlo, Nutt, Chri, McKay, Emma, O'Neill, Orla, Patel, Jaimin, Atterbury, Katie, Ballinger, Sarah, Carling, Natalie, Ellis, Kaytie, Gresty, Jo, Melody, Teresa, Monk, Jade, Norman, Chloe, Reeves, Eleanor, Sampson, Julia, Sutton, Peter, Thomas, Marie, Bamford, Amy, Bergin, Colin, Carrera, Ronald, Cooper, Lauren, Despy, Liesl, Ellis, Karen, Fellows, Emma, Goundry, Stephanie, Harkett, Samantha, Ip, Peter, Mason, Tracy, McGhee, Christopher, McLaughlin, Aisling, Neal, Aoife, Pope, Martin, Porter, Stephanie, Smith, Hazel, Snelson, Catherine, Spruce, Elaine, Vigo, Ylenia, Whitehouse, Arlo, Whitehouse, Tony, Donatiello, Maria, Gazzanelli, Sergio, Mezzapesa, Mario, Savino, Martina, Settesoldi, Giacomo, Kunst, Gudrun, Birch, Sian, Greig, Louise, Noble, Harriet, Pappa, Evita, Penhaligon, Bethany, Cossu, Andrea, Floris, Leda, Piredda, Davide, Racca, Alberto, Brattstrom, Olof, Heggelund, Bente, Flodberg, Magnu, Månsson, Sandra, Ahmed, Mamoona, Allen, Jonathan, Bell, Paula, Genetu, Roman, Glennon, Julia, Hanley, Janice, Jenner, Katy, Jogi, Summayyah, Mahjoob, Parisa, McGovern, Clare, Murphy, Anthony, Nazari, Roonak, Routledge, Jacki, Uttamlal, Trishna, Ward, Sinead, Iotti, Giorgio, Picchioni, Raffaella, Poma, Silvia, Navalesi, Paolo, Bruni, Andrea, De Leonardis, Brunella, Garofalo, Eugenio, Patel, Panna, McArthur, Carol, Burns, Karen, Peters, Steven, Foti, Giuseppe, Calcinati, Serena, Grassi, Alice, Villa, Silvia, Berridge, John, Kanakaraj, Muthuraj, Cahill, Hazel, Forshaw, Greg, Gibson, Andy, Grainger, Lia, Howard, Kate, James, Katherine, Murphy, Zoe, Sweeting, Helen, Tait, Rebecca, Wilcock, Danielle, Yates, David, Cope, Sean, Allan, Ashley, Betts, Rebecca, Cornell, Sarah, Sheriff, Julie, Woods, Lindsey, Grasselli, Giacomo, Brioni, Matteo, Castagna, Luigi, von Rahden, Richard, Farina, Zane, Green, Samantha, Gumede, Simphiwe, Rajah, Chantal, Ramkillawan, Arisha, Moug, Susan, Alcorn, David, Dalton, Carol, Dickinson, Natalie, Edwards, Jennifer, Henderson, Steven, McIlveen, Erin, Ramsaran, Richard, Bell, Joanne, Fleming, Lorna, Monks, Kathleen, Parker, Jane, Stamper, Sean, Stokes-Denson, Jo, Elías, Elisa, Guerra, Yessica, Rico-Feijoo, Jesu, Kidel, Carlo, Filipe, Helder, Asis, Gretchelle, Gleeson, Yvonne, Harvey, Alice, Jackson, Christine, McNeil, Margaret, Mingo, Sara, Pakou, Glykeria, Pinto, Manuel, Wright, Stephen, Babio-Galan, Maite, Buckley, David, Calder, Verity, Chishti, Ahmad, Cosgrove, Joseph, Cullen, Katherine, Dunn, Leigh, Faulds, Matthew, Fortune, Jonathan, Gardner, Matthew, Harrison, Abigail, Hays, Carole, Jones, Gerry, Macfie, Caroline, Mccullagh, Iain, Nesbitt, Ian, O'Neil, Suzanne, Phoenix, Catherine, Rangaswamy, Girish, Samson, Craig, Scott, Carmen, Shrestha, Tara, Singh, Rita, Soulsby, Graham, Walton, Jon, Zwiggelaar, Kimberley, Lynch, Ceri, Clarke, Heidi, Deacon, Bethan, Ivatt, Helen, Jones, Leanne, Latif, Ahmed, Oram, Shaun, Perman, Chri, Roche, Lisa, Duys, Rowan, Flint, Margot, Bhagwan, Kamal, Coetzee, Ettienne, Joubert, Ivan, Montoya-Pelaez, Felipe, Navsaria, Pradeep, Picken, Guy, Porrill, Owen, Strathie, Grant, Zungu, Thembinkosi, Aluri, Sireesha, Chau, Simon, Cooper, Deborah, Cunningham, Mishell, Daniels, Allison, Hope, Susan, Nicholson, Alice, Walker, Laura, Giarratano, Antonino, Accurso, Giuseppe, Raineri, Santi, Tricoli, Giuseppe, Innes, Richard, Doble, Patricia, Hutter, Joanne, Pawley, Corinne, Tait, Moira, Hamilton, Mark, Andrade, Edward, Barnes, Veronica, Dalton, Claire, Delgado, Carlo, Farnell-Ward, Sarah, Farrah, Helen, Gray, Geraldine, Howlett, Luisa, Joseph, Gipsy, Krupa, Monika, Leaver, Susannah, Macedo, Joao, Maher, Karen, Mellinghoff, Johanne, Oguntimehin, Rachel, Pereira, Joel, Robinson, France, Ryan, Christine, Shah, Nirav, Shirley, Paula, Torborg, Alexandra, Biyase, Thuli, Drummond, Leanne, Kusel, Belinda, Mbuyisa, Mbalenhle, Solala, Sivuyisiwe, Taylor, Jenna, Ezihe-Ejiofor, Adanma, Aduse-Poku, Maame, Colville, Gary, Davies, Louise, Kang, Soo, Phillips, Alex, Kirk-Bayley, Justin, Kelliher, Leigh, Carvelli, Paula, Daysal, Gokce, Dickinson, Matthew, Doyle, Nancileigh, Hughes, Christina, Montague, Laura, Potter, Elizabeth, Salberg, Armorel, Sibug, Sheena, Sivarajan, Sinduja, Thomson, Milo, Wakeford, Nichola, Rocco, Monica, Alampi, Daniela, Conway, Daniel, Clark, Richard, Maria, Jashmin, Pomeroy, Fiona, Quraishi, Tanviha, Williams, Abigail, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Aherne, Caroline, Harrison-Briggs, Donna, Fitchett, Jill, Duberley, Stephen, Zanoni, Andrea, Cardinale, Daniela, Righi, Claudia, Blunt, Mark, Fuller, Tracy, Hodgson, Ruth, Rosbergen, Melissa, Brennan, Andrew, Akeroyd, Louise, Boardman, Victoria, Bull, Christopher, Carrick, Mike, Chadderton, Ian, Cooper, Sarah, Goellner, Sarah, Graham, Laura, Ilyas, Carl, King, Jame, Laklouk, Muhammad, Lawton, Tom, Macrow, Christopher, Munro, Michael, Neep, Adam, Northey, Martin, Peacock, Victoria, Pye, Kate, Radley, Lydia, Sira, Jame, Smithson, Beth, Syddall, Stuart, Tooth, David, White, Thoma, Hoel, Sindre, Aakre, Elin, Bakke, Monica, Hoivik, Tone, Makowski, Arystarch, Alcock, Harry, Cardoso, Sean, Coetzee, Samantha, Everett, Mary, Ibrahim, Mohamed, Kouridaki, Christina, Ogbeide, Vongayi, Bertellini, Elisabetta, Bertolotti, Valentina, Buono, Antonio, Fanigliulo, Maria, Kumar, Ram, Richards, Nicole, Allana, Alisha, Bacciarelli, Samantha, Barker, Helen, De Bois, Jessica, Bradley, Isabel, Crooks, Jennifer, Daum, Peter, Feben, Alex, Gannon, Lizzie, Kipling, Sarah, Peetamsingh, Andrew, Quamina, Charlotte, Sethi, Sahiba, Sivadhas, Harry, Sollesta, Kathryn, Swain, Andrew, Tan, Evalyn, Willis, Joan, Zou, Maggie, Cranshaw, Juliu, Barratt, Nina, Bowman, Katie, Branney, Debbie, Letts, Maria, Pitts, Sally, Day, Christopher, Benyon, Sarah, Eddy, Sara, Green, Adam, Grice, Anna, Kelly, Sinéad, Mackle, Daisy, Mariano, Victor, Park, Linda, Sibley, Pauline, Spencer, William, Bignami, Elena, Bellini, Valentina, Forfori, Francesco, Curci, Maria, Leo, Alessandra, Jackson, Matthew, Awolesi, Jennifer, Hodgkinson, Sheila, Kent, Alissa, Leonard, Dee, Stapleton, Claire, Tibke, Clare, Alexander-Sefre, Farhad, Campey, Lorraine, Hall, Kathryn, Spimpolo, Jennifer, Nilsson, Malin, Didriksson, Helen, Hamilton, Emma, Carnahan, Mandy, Mowatt, Chri, Stickley, Jo, Corcione, Antonio, Rossi, Giuseppe, Fladby, Hege, Andersen, Nina, Bjoernå, Gunhild, Reite, Mad, Roertveit, Linda, Seidel, Philipp, Arnold, Glenn, Benavente, Melissa, Chattersingh, Anjalee, Chironga, Nyasha, Hornzee, Gillian, Kibaru, Joyce, Malik, Ihtisham, McLeavy, Laura, Pathmanathan, Byiravey, Prior, Florence, Strudwick, Rhea, Vezyrgiannis, Mario, Sinha, Aneeta, Babu, Sheeba, Batuwitage, Bisanth, Daly, Zoe, Ellinor, Katharine, Hawes, Elizabeth, Holmes, Ann, Hudson, Karen, Nightingale, Jeremy, Le Poidevin, Alison, Roberts, Lindsey, Kubisz-Pudelko, Agnieszka, Allison, Joanna, Pippard, Lucy, Hamlyn, Vincent, Organ, Angie, Prabhahar, Thaventhran, Bridger, Hayley, Dvorkin, Lee, Manhas, Vitul, Vincent, Rachel, Laha, Shondipon, Cromie, Terri-Louise, Doyle, Donna, Howarth, Rachel, Verlander, Mark, Watt, Ailsa, Williams, Alexandra, Antonelli, Massimo, Cutuli, Salvatore, Montini, Luca, Graterol, Juan, Adams, Benita, Bean, Sarah, Burt, Karen, Hammonds, Fiona, Jigajinni, Suyogi, Fulton, Laura, Kinghorn, Stephen, Mullenheim, Jost, Baillie, Kirsty, Cain, Martyn, Colling, Kerry, Hannaway, Carol, Corso, Ruggero, Calli, Morena, Ferrando, Carlo, Romero, Esther, Jorge-Monjas, Pablo, Soria-García, María, Gómez-Herreras, José, Rodríguez-Jiménez, Rita, and De Prada-Martín, Blanca
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Population ,NO ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,CPAP ,Abdomen ,Settore MED/41 - ANESTESIOLOGIA ,Intubation, Intratracheal ,medicine ,Humans ,Intubation ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Continuous positive airway pressure ,Adverse effect ,education ,education.field_of_study ,Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ,business.industry ,respiratory complications ,continuous positive airway pressure ,major abdominal surgery ,Pneumonia ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Intratracheal ,Treatment Outcome ,030228 respiratory system ,Respiratory failure ,Anesthesia ,Vomiting ,medicine.symptom ,Respiratory Insufficiency ,business ,Abdominal surgery - Abstract
BackgroundRespiratory complications are an important cause of postoperative morbidity. We aimed to investigate whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) administered immediately after major abdominal surgery could prevent postoperative morbidity.MethodsPRISM was an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial done at 70 hospitals across six countries. Patients aged 50 years or older who were undergoing elective major open abdominal surgery were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive CPAP within 4 h of the end of surgery or usual postoperative care. Patients were randomly assigned using a computer-generated minimisation algorithm with inbuilt concealment. The primary outcome was a composite of pneumonia, endotracheal re-intubation, or death within 30 days after randomisation, assessed in the intention-to-treat population. Safety was assessed in all patients who received CPAP. The trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN56012545.FindingsBetween Feb 8, 2016, and Nov 11, 2019, 4806 patients were randomly assigned (2405 to the CPAP group and 2401 to the usual care group), of whom 4793 were included in the primary analysis (2396 in the CPAP group and 2397 in the usual care group). 195 (8·1%) of 2396 patients in the CPAP group and 197 (8·2%) of 2397 patients in the usual care group met the composite primary outcome (adjusted odds ratio 1·01 [95% CI 0·81-1·24]; p=0·95). 200 (8·9%) of 2241 patients in the CPAP group had adverse events. The most common adverse events were claustrophobia (78 [3·5%] of 2241 patients), oronasal dryness (43 [1·9%]), excessive air leak (36 [1·6%]), vomiting (26 [1·2%]), and pain (24 [1·1%]). There were two serious adverse events: one patient had significant hearing loss and one patient had obstruction of their venous catheter caused by a CPAP hood, which resulted in transient haemodynamic instability.InterpretationIn this large clinical effectiveness trial, CPAP did not reduce the incidence of pneumonia, endotracheal re-intubation, or death after major abdominal surgery. Although CPAP has an important role in the treatment of respiratory failure after surgery, routine use of prophylactic post-operative CPAP is not recommended.FundingNational Institute for Health Research, Barts Charity, Intersurgical, Association of Anaesthetists, and Sapienza Università di Roma.
26. The Influence of Pneumoperitoneum on Minimal Invasive Cardiac Output Measurements
- Author
-
Ib Jammer, MD
- Published
- 2016
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