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498 results on '"IT University of Copenhagen"'

1. Screening Instruments for Measuring Visual Symptoms in Victims of Concussion (VISCOM)

Author: IT University of Copenhagen, The Danish Victims Fund, Synoptik-Fonden, University of Copenhagen, and Hana Malá Rytter, Head of the Danish Concussion Center, Associate Professor at University of Copenhagen and Neuropsychologist at Bispebjerg Hospital
Published: 2024

2. Daily Subjective and Objective Smartphone Measures of Illness Activity to Treat Bipolar Disorder- The MONARCA II Trial (MONARCAII)

Author: University of Copenhagen, IT University of Copenhagen, and Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Principal Investigator, MD and PhD student
Published: 2018

3. The MONARCA Project (MONitoring, treAtment and pRediCtion of bipolAr Disorder Episodes) (MONARCA)

Author: University of Copenhagen, IT University of Copenhagen, The European Union, 7.th Frame program, and Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Principal Investigator, Medical doctor and PhD student
Published: 2016

4. Assessment on the Status of CyberSecurity in Denmark

Author: IT University of Copenhagen, Syddansk Universitet, Oksana Kulyk, and Jacopo Mauro
Abstract: The project aims to study and report on the existing cybersecurity and privacy protection practices used in large Danish companies and SMEs, identifying the most important challenges the developers in Denmark face in developing secure and privacy-preserving solutions, and providing guidelines for securing critical infrastructures
Published: 2023
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5. Affiliated Participation in Open Source Communities

Author: Adam Alami, Andrzej Wasowski IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Copenhagen, and Denmark
Subjects: business.industry, Distribution (economics), 020207 software engineering, Citizen journalism, 02 engineering and technology, Open source software, Public relations, Intellectual property, Investment (macroeconomics), Open source, Affiliated Participation, 020204 information systems, Free and Open Source Software Development, Commercial Participation in FOSS, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Business, Observation data, Senior management
Abstract: Background: The adoption of Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FOSS) by institutions is significantly increasing, and so is the affiliated participation (the participation of industry engineers in open source communities as part of their jobs). Aims: This study is an investigation into affiliated participation in FOSS communities. So far, little is known about the affiliated participation and the forces that influence it, even though the FOSS innovation model is increasingly becoming a serious contender for the private investment model in many sectors. Method: We present a qualitative inquiry into affiliated participation in the Robot Operating System (ROS) and Linux Kernel communities, using twenty-one in-depth interviews and participatory observation data from twenty-nine community events. Results: Our results show that affiliated participation in these communities is constrained by several barriers: objections of senior management, protection of the company’s image, protection of intellectual property, undefined processes and policies, the high cost of participation, and unfamiliarity with the FOSS system. Conclusions: These barriers should be addressed in any organization considering using FOSS as a significant acquisition, distribution, and development strategy.
Published: 2019
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6. Impact of Comorbid Affective Disorders on Longitudinal Clinical Outcomes in Individuals at Ultra-high Risk for Psychosis

Author: Nadine C van der Burg, Philip McGuire, Birte Glenthøj, Stephan Ruhrmann, Jim van Os, Bart P. F. Rutten, Neus Barrantes-Vidal, Patrick D. McGorry, Frederike Schirmbeck, Gabriele Sachs, Rodrigo A. Bressan, Barnaby Nelson, Marie-Odile Krebs, Jentien M Vermeulen, Anita Riecher-Rössler, G. Paul Amminger, Matthijs Blankers, Lucia Valmaggia, Mark van der Gaag, Christos Pantelis, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Merete Nordentoft, Lieuwe de Haan, Matthew J. Kempton, Adult Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Stress & Sleep, APH - Mental Health, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Arkin Institute for Mental Health [Amsterdam, The Netherlands] (AIMH), GGZ Centraal [Amersfoort, The Netherlands], Trimbos Institute, Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, King‘s College London, Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Psychosis Research Institute [The Hague, Netherlands], University of Basel (Unibas), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Spanish Mental Health Research Network (CIBERSAM), Orygen [Parkville, Victoria], University of Melbourne, Melbourne Health [Carlton South, Victoria], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Groupement de recherche en Psychiatrie (GDR Psychiatrie (3557)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Cologne, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht University [Maastricht], University Medical Center [Utrecht], IT University of Copenhagen, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, University of Pavia, EU-GEI High Risk Study Group Authors: Maria Calem, Stefania Tognin, Gemma Modinos, Sara Pisani, Emily Hedges, Eva Velthorst, Tamar C Kraan, Daniella S van Dam, Nadine Burger, Athena Politis, Joanne Goodall, Stefan Borgwardt, Erich Studerus, Ary Gadelha, Elisa Brietzke, Graccielle Asevedo, Elson Asevedo, Andre Zugman, Tecelli Domínguez-Martínez, Manel Monsonet, Lidia Hinojosa, Anna Racioppi, Thomas R Kwapil, Mathilde Kazes, Claire Daban, Julie Bourgin, Olivier Gay, Célia Mam-Lam-Fook, Dorte Nordholm, Lasse Randers, Kristine Krakauer, Louise Birkedal Glenthøj, Dominika Gebhard, Julia Arnhold, Joachim Klosterkötter, Iris Lasser, Bernadette Winklbaur, Philippe A Delespaul, VU University Amsterdam, Martinez Rico, Clara, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Università degli Studi di Pavia = University of Pavia (UNIPV), RS: MHeNs - R3 - Neuroscience, Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, MUMC+: MA Psychiatrie (3), RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, and MUMC+: Hersen en Zenuw Centrum (3)
Subjects: Male, Ultra-high risk, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Comorbid, Comorbidity, Anxiety, Logistic regression, 0302 clinical medicine, Longitudinal Studies, psychosis, Depression (differential diagnoses), Depression, anxiety, DEPRESSION, Anxiety Disorders, STATE, EXPERIENCES, CHILDHOOD TRAUMA, Europe, Psychiatry and Mental health, YOUTH, Schizophrenia, Female, medicine.symptom, Anxiety disorder, Adult, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Psychosis, Adolescent, AcademicSubjects/MED00810, Prodromal Symptoms, comorbid, Lower risk, ultra-high risk, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Risk factor, METAANALYSIS, Depressive Disorder, Mood Disorders, business.industry, PERSISTENCE, prediction, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, schizophrenia, Psychotic Disorders, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, ONSET, Gene-Environment Interaction, business, Prediction, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, AT-RISK, Regular Articles, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: Introduction Diagnoses of anxiety and/or depression are common in subjects at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis (UHR) and associated with extensive functional impairment. Less is known about the impact of affective comorbidities on the prospective course of attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS). Method Latent class mixed modelling identified APS trajectories in 331 UHR subjects assessed at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months follow-up. The prognostic value of past, baseline, and one-year DSM-IV depressive or anxiety disorders on trajectories was investigated using logistic regression, controlling for confounders. Cox proportional hazard analyses investigated associations with transition risk. Results 46.8% of participants fulfilled the criteria for a past depressive disorder, 33.2% at baseline, and 15.1% at one-year follow-up. Any past, baseline, or one-year anxiety disorder was diagnosed in 42.9%, 37.2%, and 27.0%, respectively. Participants were classified into one of three latent APS trajectory groups: (1) persistently low, (2) increasing, and (3) decreasing. Past depression was associated with a higher risk of belonging to the increasing trajectory group, compared to the persistently low (OR = 3.149, [95%CI: 1.298–7.642]) or decreasing group (OR = 3.137, [1.165–8.450]). In contrast, past (OR = .443, [.179–1.094]) or current (OR = .414, [.156–1.094]) anxiety disorders showed a trend-level association with a lower risk of belonging to the increasing group compared to the persistently low group. Past depression was significantly associated with a higher risk of transitioning to psychosis (HR = 2.123, [1.178–3.828]). Conclusion A past depressive episode might be a particularly relevant risk factor for an unfavorable course of APS in UHR individuals. Early affective disturbances may be used to advance detection, prognostic, and clinical strategies.
Published: 2022

7. The Management of Type 1 Diabetes in Adults. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)

Author: Amy Hess-Fischl, M. Sue Kirkman, Irl B. Hirsch, Barbara Ludwig, Anne L. Peters, Eric Renard, Richard I. G. Holt, Tomasz Klupa, Ruth S. Weinstock, Jeremy Pettus, J. Hans DeVries, Jay S. Skyler, Frank J. Snoek, Kirsten Nørgaard, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Amsterdam UMC, Profil Institute for Metabolic Research GmbH, University of Chicago, Seattle University [Seattle], University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University (UJ), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus [Dresden, Germany], Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), IT University of Copenhagen, Steno Diabetes Center of Copenhagen, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine (UMMSM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), SUNY Upstate Medical University, State University of New York (SUNY), Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), Amsterdam UMC - Amsterdam University Medical Center, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), University of California (UC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Guerineau, Nathalie C., Medical psychology, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, APH - Mental Health, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), General Internal Medicine, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Endocrinology, Medical Psychology, University of Zurich, and Holt, Richard I G
Subjects: Blood Glucose, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, 10265 Clinic for Endocrinology and Diabetology, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Glucose monitoring, Diagnosis, Health care, Insulin, Medicine, Adjunctive therapy, 030212 general & internal medicine, Psychosocial care, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 2712 Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Type 1 diabetes, Psychosocial, Schedule of care, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, Consensus Report, 610 Medicine & health, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Hypoglycemia, 03 medical and health sciences, Diabetes mellitus, Internal Medicine, Hypoglycemic Agents, Humans, Association (psychology), Exercise, Nutrition, American diabetes association, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Transplantation, business.industry, Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring, medicine.disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, 2724 Internal Medicine, Family medicine, Hypoglycaemia, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: The American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) convened a writing group to develop a consensus statement on the management of type 1 diabetes in adults. The writing group has considered the rapid development of new treatments and technologies and addressed the following topics: diagnosis, aims of management, schedule of care, diabetes self-management education and support, glucose monitoring, insulin therapy, hypoglycaemia, behavioural considerations, psychosocial care, diabetic ketoacidosis, pancreas and islet transplantation, adjunctive therapies, special populations, inpatient management and future perspectives. Although we discuss the schedule for follow-up examinations and testing, we have not included the evaluation and treatment of the chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes as these are well-reviewed and discussed elsewhere. The writing group was aware of both national and international guidance on type 1 diabetes and did not seek to replicate this but rather aimed to highlight the major areas that healthcare professionals should consider when managing adults with type 1 diabetes. Though evidence-based where possible, the recommendations in the report represent the consensus opinion of the authors. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
Published: 2021

8. Zinc determines dynamical properties and aggregation kinetics of human insulin

Author: Geoffrey W. Grime, Daria Noferini, Tilo Seydel, Kevin Pounot, Alessandro Longo, Martin Weik, Vito Foderà, Michaela Zamponi, Viviana Cristiglio, Elspeth F. Garman, Giorgio Schirò, Applied Physics, University of Tübingen, University of Surrey Ion Beam Centre, Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati, Palermo, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS), Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), ILL, Biochemistry, University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Pharmacy, IT University of Copenhagen, University of Surrey (UNIS), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of Oxford, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and IT University of Copenhagen (ITU)
Subjects: Amyloid, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, Biophysics, chemistry.chemical_element, Zinc, Protein aggregation, 010402 general chemistry, Fibril, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, ddc:570, medicine, Humans, Insulin, Binding site, 030304 developmental biology, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 0303 health sciences, Amyloidosis, Biomaterial, Articles, medicine.disease, 0104 chemical sciences, Kinetics, X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy, chemistry, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Protein aggregation is a widespread process leading to deleterious consequences in the organism, with amyloid aggregates being important not only in biology but also for drug design and biomaterial production. Insulin is a protein largely used in diabetes treatment and its amyloid aggregation is at the basis of the so-called insulin-derived amyloidosis. Here we uncover the major role of zinc in both insulin dynamics and aggregation kinetics at low pH, where the formation of different amyloid superstructures (fibrils and spherulites) can be thermally induced. Amyloid aggregation is accompanied by zinc release and the suppression of water-sustained insulin dynamics, as shown by particle-induced X-ray emission and X-ray absorption spectroscopy and by neutron spectroscopy, respectively. Our study shows that zinc binding stabilizes the native form of insulin by facilitating hydration of this hydrophobic protein and suggests that introducing new binding sites for zinc can improve insulin stability and tune its aggregation propensity.Statement of SignificanceLocalized amyloidosis occurs at insulin injection sites for diabetes treatment, leading to deleterious inflammations known as insulin-derived amyloidosis. Amyloid superstructures are also promising candidates in the field of biomaterials. Here we revealed that zinc, coordinated to insulin in the native form, is released upon amyloid aggregation, when insulin forms superstructures known as fibrils and spherulites. Zinc release leads to a full suppression of functionally essential protein dynamics through a modification of the protein’s hydration properties and completely modifies insulin amyloid kinetics. The results suggest that changes in protein hydration upon zinc binding/release modifies both stability and dynamics of insulin and might then be a general strategy to control protein stability and tune protein aggregation into amorphous and ordered superstructures.
Published: 2021

9. Evolution of putative barrier loci at an intermediate stage of speciation with gene flow in campions (Silene)

Author: Sylvain Glémin, Xiaodong Liu, Sophie Karrenberg, Uppsala University, IT University of Copenhagen, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), VetenskapsradetSwedish Research Council [2012-03622], IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Gene Flow, 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Genetic Speciation, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Gene flow, Evolutionsbiologi, 03 medical and health sciences, Effective population size, demographic modelling, Gene density, ecological speciation, Genetics, Speciation and Hybridization, Selection, Genetic, Genetik, Silene, education, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, media_common, Isolation by distance, Evolutionary Biology, education.field_of_study, Genome, barrier loci, biology, Genetic Drift, genomic landscape, Genomics, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Silene dioica, Speciation, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, Original Article, ORIGINAL ARTICLES, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; Understanding the origin of new species is a central goal in evolutionary biology. Diverging lineages often evolve highly heterogeneous patterns of genetic differentiation; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We investigated evolutionary processes governing genetic differentiation between the hybridizing campionsSilene dioica(L.) Clairv. andS. latifoliaPoiret. Demographic modelling indicated that the two species diverged with gene flow. The best-supported scenario with heterogeneity in both migration rate and effective population size suggested that a small proportion of the loci evolved without gene flow. Differentiation (F-ST) and sequence divergence (d(XY)) were correlated and both tended to peak in the middle of most linkage groups, consistent with reduced gene flow at highly differentiated loci. Highly differentiated loci further exhibited signatures of selection. In between-species population pairs, isolation by distance was stronger for genomic regions with low between-species differentiation than for highly differentiated regions that may contain barrier loci. Moreover, differentiation landscapes within and between species were only weakly correlated, suggesting that linked selection due to shared recombination and gene density landscapes is not the dominant determinant of genetic differentiation in these lineages. Instead, our results suggest that divergent selection shaped the genomic landscape of differentiation between the twoSilenespecies, consistent with predictions for speciation in the face of gene flow.
Published: 2020

10. Revealing the mechanism of repressor inactivation during switching of a temperate bacteriophage

Author: Martin Blackledge, Leila Lo Leggio, Karin Hammer, Torsten Herrmann, Habiba El-Wali, Mogens Kilstrup, Anders K. Varming, K.K. Rasmussen, Malene Ringkjøbing Jensen, Andrés Palencia, Elisabetta Boeri Erba, Department of Chemistry, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Metabolic Signaling and Regulation, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ISBG NMR, ISBG mass spectrometry, ANR-10-INBS-0005,FRISBI,Infrastructure Française pour la Biologie Structurale Intégrée(2010), ANR-17-EURE-0003,CBH-EUR-GS,CBH-EUR-GS(2017), ANR-18-ERC1-0007,MAPKassembly,Visualisation de l'assemblage de complexes de signalisation cellulaire MAPK par spectroscopie RMN(2018), European Project: 341400,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-Adhoc-2007-13,ERCSC-CHAIRS-SUP2013(2013), European Project: R249-2017-977, European Project: Grant 653706, European Project: Grant 4002-00107, European Project: Grant 7055-00001B, Thomas, Frank, Infrastructure Française pour la Biologie Structurale Intégrée - - FRISBI2010 - ANR-10-INBS-0005 - INBS - VALID, CBH-EUR-GS - - CBH-EUR-GS2017 - ANR-17-EURE-0003 - EURE - VALID, TREMPLIN-ERC - Visualisation de l'assemblage de complexes de signalisation cellulaire MAPK par spectroscopie RMN - - MAPKassembly2018 - ANR-18-ERC1-0007 - TERC - VALID, Support to the Chair and Vice-Chairs of the ERC Scientific Council 2013 - ERCSC-CHAIRS-SUP2013 - - EC:FP7:PEOPLE2013-01-01 - 2013-12-31 - 341400 - VALID, Lundbeck Foundation - R249-2017-977 - INCOMING, iNEXT - Grant 653706 - INCOMING, Danish Council for Independent Research - Grant 4002-00107 - INCOMING, Danish Ministry for Higher Education and Science - Grant 7055-00001B - INCOMING, IT University of Copenhagen, and Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Genetic switch, Operator Regions, Genetic, [SDV.BBM.BS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Protein Conformation, Repressor, Protein dynamics, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Bacteriophage, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lysogenic cycle, Temperate bacteriophage, Bacteriophages, Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins, genetic switch, Lysogeny, Psychological repression, X-ray crystallography, Multidisciplinary, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], biology, temperate bacteriophage, Lactococcus lactis, Promoter, Biological Sciences, biology.organism_classification, NMR, 0104 chemical sciences, Cell biology, Repressor Proteins, Kinetics, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Lytic cycle, Host-Pathogen Interactions, protein dynamics, Genome, Bacterial, DNA
Abstract: Temperate bacteriophages can enter one of two life cycles following infection of a sensitive host: the lysogenic or the lytic life cycle. The choice between the two alternative life cycles is dependent upon a tight regulation of promoters and their cognate regulatory proteins within the phage genome. We investigated the genetic switch of TP901-1, a bacteriophage of Lactococcus lactis, controlled by the CI repressor and the modulator of repression (MOR) antirepressor and their interactions with DNA. We determined the solution structure of MOR, and we solved the crystal structure of MOR in complex with the N-terminal domain of CI, revealing the structural basis of MOR inhibition of CI binding to the DNA operator sites. 15N NMR Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill (CPMG) relaxation dispersion and rotating frame R1ρ measurements demonstrate that MOR displays molecular recognition dynamics on two different time scales involving a repacking of aromatic residues at the interface with CI. Mutations in the CI:MOR binding interface impair complex formation in vitro, and when introduced in vivo, the bacteriophage switch is unable to choose the lytic life cycle showing that the CI:MOR complex is essential for proper functioning of the genetic switch. On the basis of sequence alignments, we show that the structural features of the MOR:CI complex are likely conserved among a larger family of bacteriophages from human pathogens implicated in transfer of antibiotic resistance.
Published: 2020

11. Efficacy and safety of finerenone in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes by GLP-1RA treatment:A subgroup analysis from the FIDELIO-DKD trial

Author: Stefan D. Anker, Aslam Amod, Luis M. Ruilope, Gerasimos Filippatos, Amer Joseph, Michel Marre, Bertram Pitt, Charlie Scott, Andrea Lage, Rajiv Agarwal, George L. Bakris, Peter Rossing, IT University of Copenhagen, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University System, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum (CVK), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Bayer Pharma AG [Berlin], The University of Chicago Medicine [Chicago], IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), University of KwaZulu-Natal [Durban, Afrique du Sud] (UKZN), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Finerenone, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Enfermedad cardiovascular, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, Urology, Renal function, Subgroup analysis, Type 2 diabetes, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Placebo, Tratamiento médico, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Myocardial infarction, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, Naphthyridines, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, finerenone, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Fallo renal crónico, business.industry, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Sistema endocrino, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Heart failure, type 2 diabetes, business, chronic kidney disease, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Kidney disease
Abstract: Aims Finerenone significantly reduced the risk of kidney and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes in the FIDELIO-DKD trial (NCT02540993). This exploratory subgroup analysis investigates the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) use on the treatment effect of finerenone. Materials and Methods Patients with type 2 diabetes, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) 30-5000 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate 25
Published: 2022

12. Probing the polarity of spontaneous perisomatic GABAergic synaptic transmission in the mouse CA3 circuit in vivo

Author: Hajime Hirase, Anna Beyeler, Arnaldo Ferreira Gomes Da Silva, Olivier Dubanet, Xavier Leinekugel, Andreas Frick, Neurocentre Magendie : Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (U1215 Inserm - UB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut François Magendie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée [Aix-Marseille Université] (INMED - INSERM U1249), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), pellegrino, Christophe, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale (Neurocentre Magendie - U1215 Inserm), and IT University of Copenhagen
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, hippocampus, Action Potentials, Hippocampus, Hippocampal formation, SHARP-WAVE-RIPPLES, GABAergic transmission, Synaptic Transmission, Epileptogenesis, GABA, Mice, TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY, GABAergic Neurons, 050207 economics, Biology (General), Kainic Acid, 050208 finance, Chemistry, Pyramidal Cells, musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology, 05 social sciences, CA3 Region, Hippocampal, inhibition, Parvalbumins, EXCITABILITY, Acute Disease, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, GABAergic, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], CATION-CHLORIDE COTRANSPORTERS, INTERNEURONS, QH301-705.5, INHIBITION, Neurotransmission, Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, Seizures, In vivo, 0502 economics and business, EXCITATORY ACTIONS, Animals, Gene Silencing, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], HIPPOCAMPAL SCLEROSIS, interneurons, Optogenetics, Disease Models, Animal, Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials, nervous system, CELLS, epilepsy, Neuroscience
Abstract: The hypothesis that reversed, excitatory GABA may be involved in various brain pathologies, including epileptogenesis, is appealing but controverted. A direct assessment of the excitatory GABA hypothesis has been hindered by the technical difficulty of probing endogenous GABAergic synaptic function in vivo. We have overcome this challenge by non-invasive extracellular recording of neuronal firing responses to optogenetically-evoked and spontaneously occurring unitary inhibitory perisomatic GABAergic field-potentials, generated by individual Parvalbumine-interneurons on their target pyramidal cells. Our direct probing of GABAergic transmission suggests a rather anecdotal participation of excitatory GABA in epileptogenesis in the mouse CA3 circuit in vivo, even though this does not exclude its expression in other brain areas or pathological conditions. Our approach successfully detected distinct alterations of inhibition in spontaneous activity in vivo, with high sensitivity. It therefore represents a promising tool for the investigation of excitatory GABA in different pathological conditions that may affect the hippocampal circuit.
Published: 2021

13. Monitoring methods adapted to different perceptions and uses of functional biodiversity: Insights from a European qualitative study

Author: Cardona, Aurélie, Tchamitchian, Marc, Penvern, Servane, Dufils, Arnaud, Kramer Jacobsen, Stine, Korsgaard, Maren, Porcel, Mario, Świergiel, Weronika, Tasin, Marco, Warlop, François, Sigsgaard, Lene, Unité de recherche d'Écodéveloppement (ECODEVELOPPEMENT), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Ecoadvice, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Colombian Corporation for Agricultural Research (Agrosavia), Groupe de Recherche en Agriculture Biologique (GRAB), (AIP P00308), the Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development (Formas, 2014-01905), the Green Development and Demonstration Program under the Ministry of Environment and Food of Denmark (GUDP j.nr: 34009-14-0906), European Project: 618107,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-ERANET-2013-RTD,CORE ORGANIC PLUS(2013), and IT University of Copenhagen
Subjects: Stakeholders, [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, Ecology, Attitudes, Participatory action research, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, Orchard, Ecosystem services, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.SA.HORT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Horticulture, QH540-549.5, Management
Abstract: International audience; The role of functional biodiversity for favouring natural regulation and reducing pesticide use in fruit production is generally acknowledged. Although a number of farmers attempt to favour biodiversity through different strategies (e.g. diversified hedges, nesting boxes), they often lack means to evaluate how their actions contribute in practice to functional biodiversity. We assumed here that to create useful and appropriate monitoring methods, it is necessary to take into account the variety of knowledge, perceptions and interests about functional biodiversity. To test our hypothesis, we adopted a comprehensive and participative approach based on interviews and workshops with farmers, advisors and field agronomists involved in apple orchard management. Our objective was to understand their different perceptions and uses of functional biodiversity and then, to design monitoring methods adapted to those perceptions and pre-existing uses. Our findings revealed both a plurality of perceptions of functional biodiversity along with a diversity of objectives and uses of monitoring methods. Based on these results, we identified four main attitudes towards the management of functional biodiversity: the wait-and-see attitude, the naturalist attitude, the regulation attitude and the multifunctional attitude. These attitudes do not correspond to person's profiles, since one person can adopt different attitudes in regard to different biodiversity components or in regard to the different practices supporting biodiversity. In addition, attitudes can vary over time. The identification of these attitudes allowed us to design, with the workshops' participants, a guiding framework to create monitoring programs (i.e. combinations of monitoring methods) adapted to a variety of uses and targeted services.
Published: 2021

14. Structural insights into protein folding, stability and activity using in vivo perdeuteration of hen egg-white lysozyme

Author: Valerie Laux, V. Trevor Forsyth, Michael Haertlein, Elisabetta Boeri Erba, Katherine McAuley, Estelle Mossou, Sine Larsen, Joao Ramos, Annette Eva Langkilde, Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), DIAMOND Light source, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology [Copenhagen] (ILF), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), MS platform of the Grenoble Instruct-ERIC center (ISBG, UAR 3518 CNRS-CEA-UGA-EMBL), Diamond Light Source for beamtime at I03 and MAX IV for beamtime at BioMAX, ANR-10-INBS-0005,FRISBI,Infrastructure Française pour la Biologie Structurale Intégrée(2010), ANR-10-LABX-0049,GRAL,Grenoble Alliance for Integrated Structural Cell Biology(2010), ANR-17-EURE-0003,CBH-EUR-GS,CBH-EUR-GS(2017), European Project: GR/R99393/01, European Project: EP/C015452/1, ILL, IT University of Copenhagen, and University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)
Subjects: biophysical characterization, perdeuterated lysozyme, protein refolding, 010402 general chemistry, Q1, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Pichia pastoris, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Protein structure, structural biology, General Materials Science, Thermal stability, protein structure, 030304 developmental biology, X-ray crystallography, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Crystallography, biology, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Protein dynamics, HEWL, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, biology.organism_classification, Research Papers, R1, 0104 chemical sciences, Enzyme, chemistry, Structural biology, QD901-999, Biophysics, Protein folding, Lysozyme, QD415, isotope effect
Abstract: Perdeuteration and in vitro refolding of hen egg-white lysozyme impact protein thermal stability and activity. Deuteration appears to primarily affect enzymatic function through changes in protein dynamics, while refolding contributes to a small decrease in protein thermal stability., This structural and biophysical study exploited a method of perdeuterating hen egg-white lysozyme based on the expression of insoluble protein in Escherichia coli followed by in-column chemical refolding. This allowed detailed comparisons with perdeuterated lysozyme produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris, as well as with unlabelled lysozyme. Both perdeuterated variants exhibit reduced thermal stability and enzymatic activity in comparison with hydrogenated lysozyme. The thermal stability of refolded perdeuterated lysozyme is 4.9°C lower than that of the perdeuterated variant expressed and secreted in yeast and 6.8°C lower than that of the hydrogenated Gallus gallus protein. However, both perdeuterated variants exhibit a comparable activity. Atomic resolution X-ray crystallographic analyses show that the differences in thermal stability and enzymatic function are correlated with refolding and deuteration effects. The hydrogen/deuterium isotope effect causes a decrease in the stability and activity of the perdeuterated analogues; this is believed to occur through a combination of changes to hydrophobicity and protein dynamics. The lower level of thermal stability of the refolded perdeuterated lysozyme is caused by the unrestrained Asn103 peptide-plane flip during the unfolded state, leading to a significant increase in disorder of the Lys97–Gly104 region following subsequent refolding. An ancillary outcome of this study has been the development of an efficient and financially viable protocol that allows stable and active perdeuterated lysozyme to be more easily available for scientific applications.
Published: 2021

15. A Sound Algorithm for Asynchronous Session Subtyping and its Implementation

Author: Bravetti, Mario, Carbone, Marco, Lange, Julien, Yoshida, Nobuko, Zavattaro, Gianluigi, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Foundations of Component-based Ubiquitous Systems (FOCUS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Dipartimento di Informatica - Scienza e Ingegneria [Bologna] (DISI), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), IT University of Copenhagen, Department of Computer Science (Royal Holloway University of London), Computer Learning Research Centre [Royal Holloway, University of London], Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL)-Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), Imperial College London, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna (UNIBO), Bravetti M., Carbone M., Lange J., Yoshida N., Zavattaro G., IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (E, Engineering & Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC), Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, and The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, session types, asynchronous communication, subtyping, Computer Science - Programming Languages, [INFO.INFO-PL]Computer Science [cs]/Programming Languages [cs.PL], 0803 Computer Software, 0101 Pure Mathematics, 0802 Computation Theory and Mathematics, Programming Languages (cs.PL)
Abstract: Logical Methods in Computer Science ; Volume 17, Issue 1 ; 1860-5974, Session types, types for structuring communication between endpoints in distributed systems, are recently being integrated into mainstream programming languages. In practice, a very important notion for dealing with such types is that of subtyping, since it allows for typing larger classes of system, where a program has not precisely the expected behaviour but a similar one. Unfortunately, recent work has shown that subtyping for session types in an asynchronous setting is undecidable. To cope with this negative result, the only approaches we are aware of either restrict the syntax of session types or limit communication (by considering forms of bounded asynchrony). Both approaches are too restrictive in practice, hence we proceed differently by presenting an algorithm for checking subtyping which is sound, but not complete (in some cases it terminates without returning a decisive verdict). The algorithm is based on a tree representation of the coinductive definition of asynchronous subtyping; this tree could be infinite, and the algorithm checks for the presence of finite witnesses of infinite successful subtrees. Furthermore, we provide a tool that implements our algorithm. We use this tool to test our algorithm on many examples that cannot be managed with the previous approaches, and to provide an empirical evaluation of the time and space cost of the algorithm., Comment: This is an extended version of the CONCUR'19 version
Published: 2021

16. Interplay between FLI-1 and the LDB1 complex in murine erythroleukemia cells and during megakaryopoiesis

Author: Boris Guyot, Michèle Weiss-Gayet, Jente van Staalduinen, Ilias Boltsis, Frank Grosveld, François Morlé, Guillaume Giraud, Petros Kolovos, Wilfred F. J. van IJcken, PES R&D Department, RTE, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Guyot, Boris, IT University of Copenhagen, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Cell biology
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Chromosome Organization, 02 engineering and technology, Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Megakaryocyte, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, medicine, lcsh:Science, Enhancer, Molecular Biology, Transcription factor, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Megakaryopoiesis, Multidisciplinary, fungi, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Promoter, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Chromatin, Cell biology, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Regulatory sequence, Erythropoiesis, lcsh:Q, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: Summary Transcription factors are key players in a broad range of cellular processes such as cell-fate decision. Understanding how they act to control these processes is of critical importance for therapy purposes. FLI-1 controls several hematopoietic lineage differentiation including megakaryopoiesis and erythropoiesis. Its aberrant expression is often observed in cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. We showed that FLI-1 interacts with the LDB1 complex, which also plays critical roles in erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. In this study, we aimed to unravel how FLI-1 and the LDB1 complex act together in murine erythroleukemia cells and in megakaryocyte. Combining omics techniques, we show that FLI-1 enables the recruitment of the LDB1 complex to regulatory sequences of megakaryocytic genes and to enhancers. We show as well for the first time that FLI-1 is able to modulate the 3D chromatin organization by promoting chromatin looping between enhancers and promoters most likely through the LDB1 complex., Graphical abstract, Highlights • FLI-1 is important for the recruitment of the LDB1 complex • FLI-1 is important for chromatin looping • FLI-1 and the LDB1 complex co-regulate megakaryopoiesis, Molecular Biology; Chromosome Organization
Published: 2021

17. The protease-inhibitor serpinB3 as a critical modulator of the stem-like subset in human cholangiocarcinoma

Author: Giuliana Cavalloni, Monika Lewinska, Mirella Pastore, Patrizia Pontisso, Jesper B. Andersen, Andrea Cappon, Fabio Marra, M. Correnti, B. Piombanti, Guido Torzilli, Laurent Sulpice, Alessandra Biasiolo, Giulia Lori, Patricia Munoz-Garrido, Santina Quarta, Cédric Coulouarn, Matteo Fassan, D. Vpn Oliveira, C. Casini Raggi, Pietro Invernizzi, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center [Rozzano, Milan, Italy], Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Chemistry, Oncogenesis, Stress and Signaling (COSS), Université de Rennes (UR)-CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), IT University of Copenhagen, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB)
Subjects: Hepatology, business.industry, Gastroenterology, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Protease inhibitor (biology), 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Medicine, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, business, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

18. Verification of Program Transformations with Inductive Refinement Types

Author: Aleksandar S. Dimovski, Andrzej Wąsowski, Thomas Jensen, Ahmad Salim Al-Sibahi, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Software certification with semantic analysis (CELTIQUE), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-LANGAGE ET GÉNIE LOGICIEL (IRISA-D4), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), IT University of Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), and IT University of Copenhagen (ITU)
Subjects: Program schemes, Computer science, • Software and its engineering → Translator writing systems and compiler generators, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Operational semantics, CCS Concepts: • Theory of computation → Program verification, Abstract syntax, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Pattern matching, abstract interpretation, Functional constructs, Inductive type, Transformation languages, Backtracking, Programming language, Type inference, transformation languages, Program analysis, [INFO.INFO-LO]Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], 020207 software engineering, Abstract interpretation, Semantics, Code refactoring, static analysis, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Control primitives, Abstraction, computer, Software
Abstract: International audience; High-level transformation languages like Rascal include expressive features for manipulating large abstract syntax trees: first-class traversals, expressive pattern matching, backtracking, and generalized iterators. We present the design and implementation of an abstract interpretation tool, Rabit, for verifying inductive type and shape properties for transformations written in such languages. We describe how to perform abstract interpretation based on operational semantics, specifically focusing on the challenges arising when analyzing the expressive traversals and pattern matching. Finally, we evaluate Rabit on a series of transformations (normalization, desugaring, refactoring, code generators, type inference, etc.) showing that we can effectively verify stated properties.
Published: 2021

19. Smoking and inequalities in mortality in 11 European countries: a birth cohort analysis

Author: Katalin Kovács, Giuseppe Costa, Gwenn Menvielle, Maica Rodríguez-Sanz, Pekka Martikainen, Matthias Bopp, Henrik Brønnum-Hansen, Johan P. Mackenbach, Wilma J. Nusselder, Olle Lundberg, Mall Leinsalu, Di Long, Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, University of Helsinki, Stockholm University, IT University of Copenhagen, Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Hungarian Demographic Research Institute [Budapest, Hungary], Södertörn University College, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Helsinki Inequality Initiative (INEQ), Population Research Unit (PRU), Center for Population, Health and Society, Faculty of Social Sciences, Public Health, Gestionnaire, HAL Sorbonne Université 5, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Inequality, smoking, mortality, Epidemiology, media_common.quotation_subject, Research methodology, Educational inequalities, lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Mortality, media_common, 030505 public health, business.industry, Research, Public health, Mortality rate, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Smoking, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 1. No poverty, lcsh:RA1-1270, 3. Good health, Europe, Total mortality, Socioeconomic Factors, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Mortality data, 5141 Sociology, Educational Status, lcsh:R858-859.7, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, 0305 other medical science, Birth cohort, business, Demography
Abstract: Purpose To study the trends of smoking-attributable mortality among the low and high educated in consecutive birth cohorts in 11 European countries. Methods Register-based mortality data were collected among adults aged 30 to 79 years in 11 European countries between 1971 and 2012. Smoking-attributable deaths were estimated indirectly from lung cancer mortality rates using the Preston-Glei-Wilmoth method. Rate ratios and rate differences among the low and high-educated were estimated and used to estimate the contribution of inequality in smoking-attributable mortality to inequality in total mortality. Results In most countries, smoking-attributable mortality decreased in consecutive birth cohorts born between 1906 and 1961 among low- and high-educated men and high-educated women, but not among low-educated women among whom it increased. Relative educational inequalities in smoking-attributable mortality increased among both men and women with no signs of turning points. Absolute inequalities were stable among men but slightly increased among women. The contribution of inequality in smoking-attributable mortality to inequality in total mortality decreased in consecutive generations among men but increased among women. Conclusions Smoking might become less important as a driver of inequalities in total mortality among men in the future. However, among women, smoking threatens to further widen inequalities in total mortality.
Published: 2021

20. Ablation of DNA-methyltransferase 3A in skeletal muscle does not affect energy metabolism or exercise capacity

Author: Brendan Deeney, Lewin Small, Rhianna C. Laker, Lars R. Ingerslev, Romain Barrès, Alain Carrié, Philippe Couvert, Ann Normann Hansen, Eleonora Manitta, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), IT University of Copenhagen, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Cancer Research, PROMOTER, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], QH426-470, Muscle Development, Biochemistry, DNA Methyltransferase 3A, Running, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Transcription (biology), Gene expression, Medicine and Health Sciences, Morphogenesis, DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases, Musculoskeletal System, Genetics (clinical), Mice, Knockout, 0303 health sciences, Exercise Tolerance, DNA methylation, Muscles, Cell Differentiation, Muscle Differentiation, Chromatin, Cell biology, Nucleic acids, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], DIFFERENTIATION, medicine.anatomical_structure, Knockout mouse, Epigenetics, Anatomy, DNA modification, Chromatin modification, Research Article, Chromosome biology, EXPRESSION, DNA transcription, Physical exercise, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Physical Conditioning, Animal, medicine, Extracellular, Genetics, Animals, Humans, Muscle, Skeletal, Molecular Biology, Gene, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Nutrition, 030304 developmental biology, METHYLATION PATTERNS, Biology and life sciences, Biological Locomotion, Skeletal muscle, DNA, Soleus Muscles, Diet, Skeletal Muscles, DNMT3A, OVEREXPRESSION, Energy Metabolism, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract: In response to physical exercise and diet, skeletal muscle adapts to energetic demands through large transcriptional changes. This remodelling is associated with changes in skeletal muscle DNA methylation which may participate in the metabolic adaptation to extracellular stimuli. Yet, the mechanisms by which muscle-borne DNA methylation machinery responds to diet and exercise and impacts muscle function are unknown. Here, we investigated the function of de novo DNA methylation in fully differentiated skeletal muscle. We generated muscle-specific DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) knockout mice (mD3AKO) and investigated the impact of DNMT3A ablation on skeletal muscle DNA methylation, exercise capacity and energy metabolism. Loss of DNMT3A reduced DNA methylation in skeletal muscle over multiple genomic contexts and altered the transcription of genes known to be influenced by DNA methylation, but did not affect exercise capacity and whole-body energy metabolism compared to wild type mice. Loss of DNMT3A did not alter skeletal muscle mitochondrial function or the transcriptional response to exercise however did influence the expression of genes involved in muscle development. These data suggest that DNMT3A does not have a large role in the function of mature skeletal muscle although a role in muscle development and differentiation is likely., Author summary Skeletal muscle is a plastic tissue able to adapt to environmental stimuli such as exercise and diet in order to respond to energetic demand. One of the ways in which skeletal muscle can rapidly react to these stimuli is DNA methylation. This is when chemical groups are attached to DNA, potentially influencing the transcription of genes. We investigated the function of DNA methylation in skeletal muscle by generating mice that lacked one of the main enzymes responsible for de novo DNA methylation, DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A), specifically in muscle. We found that loss of DNMT3A reduced DNA methylation in muscle however this did not lead to differences in exercise capacity or energy metabolism. This suggests that DNMT3a is not involved in the adaptation of skeletal muscle to diet or exercise.
Published: 2021

21. A Semi-automated Organoid Screening Method Demonstrates Epigenetic Control of Intestinal Epithelial Differentiation

Author: Jenny Ostrop, Rosalie T. Zwiggelaar, Marianne Terndrup Pedersen, François Gerbe, Korbinian Bösl, Håvard T. Lindholm, Alberto Díez-Sánchez, Naveen Parmar, Silke Radetzki, Jens Peter von Kries, Philippe Jay, Kim B. Jensen, Cheryl Arrowsmith, Menno J. Oudhoff, Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), IT University of Copenhagen, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Bergen (UiB), Leibniz Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakolgie = Leibniz Institute for Molecular Pharmacology [Berlin, Allemagne] (FMP), Leibniz Association, Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, University of Toronto, Guerineau, Nathalie C., IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adenoma, PRMT1, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, Cell and Developmental Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Screening method, medicine, Organoid, Epigenetics, bioimage analysis, EP300, lcsh:QH301-705.5, organoids, Epithelial cell differentiation, Original Research, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, CREBBP, Intestinal epithelium, intestinal stem cell biology, Epithelium, epigenetic modifiers, Cell biology, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.anatomical_structure, lcsh:Biology (General), 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Technology Platforms, Developmental Biology, Adult stem cell
Abstract: Intestinal organoids are an excellent model to study epithelial biology. Yet, the selection of analytical tools to accurately quantify heterogeneous organoid cultures remains limited. Here, we developed a semi-automated organoid screening method, which we applied to a library of highly specific chemical probes to identify epigenetic regulators of intestinal epithelial biology. The role of epigenetic modifiers in adult stem cell systems, such as the intestinal epithelium is still undefined. We identified several targets, which were verified by complementary methods, including HDACs, EP300/CREBBP, LSD1, and type I PRMTs. Based on this resource data, we conclude that epigenetic modifiers are primarily involved in balancing maturation of the epithelium. Furthermore, we show that inhibiting type I PRMTs, which leads to epithelial maturation, blocks the growth of adenoma but not normal organoid cultures. Thus, epigenetic probes are powerful tools to study intestinal epithelial biology and may have therapeutic potential.
Published: 2021

22. Project overview

Author: Vrijheid, Martine, Basagaña, Xavier, Gonzalez, Juan, Jaddoe, Vincent W. V., Jensen, Genon, Keun, Hector C., McEachan, Rosemary R. C., Porcel, Joana, Siroux, Valerie, Swertz, Morris A., Thomsen, Cathrine, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Andrušaitytėm, Sandra, Angeli, Karine, Avraam, Demetris, Ballester, Ferran, Burton, Paul, Bustamante, Mariona, Casas, Maribel, Chatzi, Leda, Chevrier, Cécile, Cingotti, Natacha, Conti, David, Crépetn, Amélie, Dadvand, Payam, Duijts, Liesbeth, van Enckevort, Esther, Esplugues, Ana, Fossati, Serena, Garlantezec, Ronan, Gómez Roigu, María Dolores, Grazuleviciene, Regina, Gützkow, Kristine B., Guxens, Mònica, Haakma, Sido, Hessel, Ellen V. S., Hoyles, Lesley, Hyde, Eleanor, Klanova, Jana, van Klaveren, Jacob D., Kortenkamp, Andreas, Le Brusquet, Laurent, Leenen, Ivonne, Lertxundi, Aitana, Lertxundi, Nerea, Lionis, Christos, Llop, Sabrina, Lopez-Espinosa, Maria-Jose, Lyon-Caen, Sarah, Maitre, Lea, Mason, Dan, Mathy, Sandrine, Mazarico, Edurne, Nawrot, Tim, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark, Ortiz, Rodney, Pedersen, Marie, Perelló, Josep, Pérez-Cruz, Míriam, Philippat, Claire, Piler, Pavel, Pizzi, Costanza, Quentin, Joane, Richiardi, Lorenzo, Rodriguez, Adrian, Roumeliotaki, Theano, Capote, José Manuel Sabin, Santiago, Leonardo, Santos, Susana, Siskos, Alexandros, Strandberg-Larsen, Katrine, Stratakis, Nikos, Sunyer, Jordi, Tenenhaus, Arthur, Vafeiadi, Marina, Wilson, Rebecca C., Wright, John, Yang, Tiffany, Slama, Remy, Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Health & Environment Alliance, Imperial College London, Bradford Institute for Health Research Bradford, Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), Direction de l'Evaluation des Risques (DER), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Newcastle University [Newcastle], Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana [Espagne] (FISABIO), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), University of Southern California (USC), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Universitat de València (UV), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut de Recerca Pediàtrica Hospital Sant Joan de Déu [Barcelona, Spain], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Nottingham Trent University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment [Brno] (RECETOX / MUNI), Faculty of Science [Brno] (SCI / MUNI), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI)-Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Brunel University London [Uxbridge], Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), Biodonostia Health Research Institute [Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain] (IIS Biodonostia), University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Universitat Jaume I, Laboratoire d'Economie Appliquée de Grenoble (GAEL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Hasselt University (UHasselt), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Bettair Cities SL, Barcelona, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Department of Oncology [University of Turin], University of Turin, Erasmus University Rotterdam, IT University of Copenhagen, Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Liverpool, This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 874583—the Advancing Tools for Human Early Lifecourse Exposome Research and Translation (ATHLETE) project. This publication reflects only the authors’ view and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains., Dr. Dadvand is funded by a Ramón y Cajal fellowship (RYC-2012-10995) awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Finance. Drs. Casas and Guxens are funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (MS16/00128, CPII18/00018). Drs. Chatzi and Conti were supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R21ES029681, R01ES029944, R01ES030364, R01ES030691, and P30ES007048). Additional funding from National Institutes of Health supported Dr. Conti (P01CA196569, R01CA140561) and Dr. Stratakis (P30DK048522). Investigators Drs. McEachan and Wright receive funding from the National Institute for Health Research under its Applied Research Collaboration Yorkshire and Humber. Dr. Jaddoe received funding from a Consolidator Grant from the European Research Council (ERC-2014-CoG-648916). Dr. Duijts received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 co-funded programme European Research Area Net on Biomarkers for Nutrition and Health (European Research Area Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life) (Early life programming of childhood health project [number 696295, 2017], ZonMW, The Netherlands [number 529051014, 2017]). Dr. Guxens received funding from the Agence Nationale de Securite Sanitaire de l’Alimentation de l’Environnement et du Travail (EST-18 RF-25)., European Project: 874583,H2020,H2020-EU.3.1.2.,ATHLETE(2020), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Health & Environment Alliance (HEAL), Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Bradford, UK (BIHR), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), BIODonostia Research Institute, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Pediatrics, Mathy, Sandrine, Advancing Tools for Human Early Lifecourse Exposome Research and Translation - ATHLETE - - H20202020-01-01 - 2024-12-31 - 874583 - VALID, Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), Basagana, Xavier/0000-0002-8457-1489, Stratakis, Nikos/0000-0003-4613-0989, Yang, Tiffany/0000-0003-4549-7850, Andrusaityte, Sandra/0000-0002-4309-0208, McEachan, Rosemary/0000-0003-1302-6675, Hoyles, Lesley/0000-0002-6418-342X, LERTXUNDI MANTEROLA, AITANA/0000-0002-9421-6237, Lopez-Espinosa, Maria-Jose/0000-0003-1202-8740, Santos, Susana/0000-0003-0613-3181, Nawrot, Tim/0000-0002-3583-3593, and Wilson, Becca/0000-0003-2294-593X
Subjects: PARENTAL SMOKING, exposure assessment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS, Adolescent health, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, exposome, Child health, Early life, Exposome, Exposure assessment, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, early life, LIFE-COURSE APPROACH, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, Science & Technology, BIRTH COHORT, adolescent health, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, AMBIENT AIR-POLLUTION, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], GREEN SPACES, COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENT, COHORT PROFILE, child health, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, SOCIOECONOMIC POSITION, Environmental Sciences, PREGNANT-WOMEN
Abstract: Early life stages are vulnerable to environmental hazards and present important windows of opportunity for lifelong disease prevention. This makes early life a relevant starting point for exposome studies. The Advancing Tools for Human Early Lifecourse Exposome Research and Translation (ATHLETE) project aims to develop a toolbox of exposome tools and a Europe-wide exposome cohort that will be used to systematically quantify the effects of a wide range of community- and individual-level environmental risk factors on mental, cardiometabolic, and respiratory health outcomes and associated biological pathways, longitudinally from early pregnancy through to adolescence. Exposome tool and data development include as follows: (1) a findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable (FAIR) data infrastructure for early life exposome cohort data, including 16 prospective birth cohorts in 11 European countries; (2) targeted and nontargeted approaches to measure a wide range of environmental exposures (urban, chemical, physical, behavioral, social); (3) advanced statistical and toxicological strategies to analyze complex multidimensional exposome data; (4) estimation of associations between the exposome and early organ development, health trajectories, and biological (metagenomic, metabolomic, epigenetic, aging, and stress) pathways; (5) intervention strategies to improve early life urban and chemical exposomes, co-produced with local communities; and (6) child health impacts and associated costs related to the exposome. Data, tools, and results will be assembled in an openly accessible toolbox, which will provide great opportunities for researchers, policy-makers, and other stakeholders, beyond the duration of the project. ATHLETE'S results will help to better understand and prevent health damage from environmental exposures and their mixtures from the earliest parts of the life course onward. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 874583—the Advancing Tools for Human Early Lifecourse Exposome Research and Translation (ATHLETE) project. This publication reflects only the authors’ view and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. Dr. Dadvand is funded by a Ramón y Cajal fellowship (RYC2012-10995) awarded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Finance. Drs. Casas and Guxens are funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (MS16/00128, CPII18/00018). Drs. Chatzi and Conti were supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R21ES029681, R01ES029944, R01ES030364, R01ES030691, and P30ES007048). Additional funding from National Institutes of Health supported Dr. Conti (P01CA196569, R01CA140561) and Dr. Stratakis (P30DK048522). Investigators Drs. McEachan and Wright receive funding from the National Institute for Health Research under its Applied Research Collaboration Yorkshire and Humber. Dr. Jaddoe received funding from a Consolidator Grant from the European Research Council (ERC-2014-CoG-648916). Dr. Duijts received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 co-funded programme European Research Area Net on Biomarkers for Nutrition and Health (European Research Area Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life) (Early life programming of childhood health project [number 696295; 2017], ZonMW, The Netherlands [number 529051014; 2017]). Dr. Guxens received funding from the Agence Nationale de Securite Sanitaire de l’Alimentation de l’Environnement et du Travail (EST-18 RF-25). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health and Social Care.
Published: 2021

23. Loneliness, worries, anxiety, and precautionary behaviours in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal analysis of 200,000 Western and Northern Europeans

Author: Amy Clotworthy, Marie Zins, Daisy Fancourt, Agnete Skovlund Dissing, Sandra Brouwer, Marcel Goldberg, Katrine Strandberg-Larsen, Sander K R van Zon, Leonie K. Elsenburg, Tibor V. Varga, Joel José Herranz Bustamante, Feifei Bu, Klaus Hoeyer, Naja Hulvej Rod, Ute Bültmann, Joane Matta, Maria Melchior, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), University College of London [London] (UCL), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Sociale [iPLesp] (ERES), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Cohortes épidémiologiques en population (CONSTANCES), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université de Paris (UP), IT University of Copenhagen, and Public Health Research (PHR)
Subjects: Worries, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, Psychological intervention, Global health, Anxiety, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Governmental interventions, Pandemic, Lockdown, Internal Medicine, medicine, COHORT, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, education.field_of_study, Public health, Health Policy, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Loneliness, 1. No poverty, COVID-19, lcsh:RA1-1270, Mental illness, medicine.disease, Precautions, Mental health, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Oncology, HEALTH, medicine.symptom, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Demography, Research Paper
Abstract: Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, governments around the world instituted various public-health measures. Our project aimed to highlight the most significant similarities and differences in key mental-health indicators between four Western and Northern European countries, and identify the population subgroups with the poorest mental-health outcomes during the first months of the pandemic.Methods: We analysed time-series survey data of 205,084 individuals from seven studies from Denmark, France, the Netherlands, and the UK to assess the impact of the pandemic and associated lockdowns. All analyses focused on the initial lockdown phase (March-July 2020). The main outcomes were loneliness, anxiety, and COVID-19-related worries and precautionary behaviours.Findings: COVID-19-related worries were consistently high in each country but decreased during the gradual reopening phases. While only 7% of the respondents reported high levels of loneliness in the Netherlands, percentages were higher in the rest of the three countries (13-18%). In all four countries, younger individuals and individuals with a history of mental illness expressed the highest levels of loneliness.Interpretation: The pandemic and associated country lockdowns had a major impact on the mental health of populations, and certain subgroups should be closely followed to prevent negative long-term consequences. Younger individuals and individuals with a history of mental illness would benefit from tailored publichealth interventions to prevent or counteract the negative effects of the pandemic. Individuals across Western and Northern Europe have thus far responded in psychologically similar ways despite differences in government approaches to the pandemic. (C) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Published: 2021

24. Baseline Levels of C-Reactive Protein and Proinflammatory Cytokines Are Not Associated with Early Response to Amisulpride in Patients with First Episode Psychosis

Author: W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker, René S. Kahn, Robert H. Yolken, El Chérif Ibrahim, Celso Arango, Olfa Khalfallah, Susana Barbosa, Richard Drake, Laetitia Davidovic, Philip McGuire, Shôn Lewis, Inge Winter van Rossum, Dan Rujescu, Cyprien Gilet, Paola Dazzan, Emanuela Martinuzzi, Raoul Belzeaux, Marion Leboyer, Birte Glenthøj, Nicolas Glaichenhaus, Covadonga M. Díaz-Caneja, Stefan Leucht, Iris E. C. Sommer, Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (CHU Nice), University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), University of Bergen (UiB), King‘s College London, Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU), University of Halle, Partenaires INRAE, Glostrup Hospital, IT University of Copenhagen, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], University of Manchester [Manchester], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Département Universitaire de Psychiatrie - [Hôpital Sainte Marguerite - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud), Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud )-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), CHU Henri Mondor, Movement Disorder (MD), Clinical Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Research Program (CCNP), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Hôpital Sainte-Marguerite [CHU - APHM] (Hôpitaux Sud ), Technische Universität München [München] (TUM), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), and CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil]
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Psychosis, medicine.medical_specialty, Proinflammatory cytokine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, remission, Internal medicine, medicine, Amisulpride, psychosis, Adverse effect, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, biology, business.industry, C-reactive protein, longitudinal study, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Clinical trial, Psychiatry and Mental health, 030104 developmental biology, inflammation, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, proinflammatory cytokines, biology.protein, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug, Cohort study
Abstract: Background Patients with a First-Episode of Psychosis (FEP) exhibit low-grade inflammation as demonstrated by elevated levels of C reactive protein (CRP) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Aims The primary goal of this study was to investigate the association between pro-inflammatory biomarkers and clinical outcomes in unmedicated FEP patients. Method We used clinical data and biological samples from 289 FEP patients participating to the Optimization of Treatment and Management of Schizophrenia in Europe (OPTIMISE) clinical trial. Patients were assessed at baseline and 4-5 weeks after treatment with amisulpride. Baseline serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α and CRP were measured. We first used multivariable regression to investigate the association between each of the four tested biomarkers and the following clinical outcomes: Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Score for Schizophrenia (CDSS), remission according to Andreasen’s criteria and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs). As a complementary approach, we used an unsupervised clustering method to stratify patients into an “inflamed” or a “non-inflamed” biotype based on baseline levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α. We then used linear and logistic regressions to investigate the association between the patient biotype and clinical outcomes. Results After adjusting for covariates and confounders, we did not find any association between IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, CRP or the patient biotype and clinical outcomes. Implications Our results do not support the existence of an association between baseline levels of CRP and proinflammatory cytokines and early response to amisulpride in unmedicated FEP patients.
Published: 2021

25. Advances and Open Problems in Federated Learning

Author: Lie He, Sebastian U. Stich, Mariana Raykova, Phillip B. Gibbons, Mehryar Mohri, David Evans, Badih Ghazi, Felix X. Yu, Sen Zhao, Jianyu Wang, Zheng Xu, Weikang Song, Prateek Mittal, Ramesh Raskar, Zachary Garrett, Farinaz Koushanfar, H. Brendan McMahan, Ayfer Ozgur, Mikhail Khodak, Rafael G. L. D'Oliveira, Jakub Konecní, Aurélien Bellet, Arjun Nitin Bhagoji, Hubert Eichner, Han Yu, Adrià Gascón, Ananda Theertha Suresh, Sanmi Koyejo, Praneeth Vepakomma, Josh Gardner, Chaoyang He, Florian Tramèr, Tancrède Lepoint, Salim El Rouayheb, Peter Kairouz, Li Xiong, Kallista Bonawitz, Rasmus Pagh, Tara Javidi, Mehdi Bennis, Dawn Song, Martin Jaggi, Zhouyuan Huo, Hang Qi, Gauri Joshi, Qiang Yang, Richard Nock, Yang Liu, Brendan Avent, Justin Hsu, Rachel Cummings, Graham Cormode, Marco Gruteser, Aleksandra Korolova, Ziteng Sun, Zaid Harchaoui, Ben Hutchinson, Zachary Charles, Daniel Ramage, Google Research, University of Southern California (USC), Machine Learning in Information Networks (MAGNET), Inria Lille - Nord Europe, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de Recherche en Informatique, Signal et Automatique de Lille - UMR 9189 (CRIStAL), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Wireless Communications [University of Oulu] (CWC), University of Oulu, Princeton University, University of Warwick [Coventry], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Rutgers University System (Rutgers), University of Virginia, University of Washington, Carnegie Mellon University [Pittsburgh] (CMU), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), University of Pittsburgh, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Nanyang Technological University [Singapour], Australian National University (ANU), Stanford University, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), Cornell University [New York], Emory University [Atlanta, GA], Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), ANR-20-CE23-0015,PRIDE,Apprentissage automatique décentralisé et préservant la vie privée(2020), ANR-16-CE23-0016,PAMELA,Apprentissage automatique décentralisé et personnalisé sous contraintes(2016), Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Centrale de Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Virginia [Charlottesville], University of California, IT University of Copenhagen, University of California [Berkeley], and Cornell University
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, bias, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer science, Cryptography, 02 engineering and technology, Machine Learning (cs.LG), Statistical learning theory, 0302 clinical medicine, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Statistics - Machine Learning, differential privacy, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Access control, 030212 general & internal medicine, 0303 health sciences, Information theory and computer science, Service provider, Computational complexity, Privacy, Data compression, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Anonymity, Raw data, Cryptography and Security (cs.CR), Optimization, Big data analytics and privacy, Machine Learning (stat.ML), Clustering, 03 medical and health sciences, [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], [INFO.INFO-LG]Computer Science [cs]/Machine Learning [cs.LG], Cryptology and data security, Artificial Intelligence, 020204 information systems, Quantization, Information retrieval, Privacy-preserving systems, Robustness, Data mining, Distributed systems security and privacy, 030304 developmental biology, Ethics, inference, business.industry, Deep learning, Database theory, Information theory and statistics, Communication complexity, Artificial Intelligence methods in security and privacy, Data science, Distributed computing, Human-Computer Interaction, Security, Web science, Artificial intelligence, business, Software
Abstract: Federated learning (FL) is a machine learning setting where many clients (e.g. mobile devices or whole organizations) collaboratively train a model under the orchestration of a central server (e.g. service provider), while keeping the training data decentralized. FL embodies the principles of focused data collection and minimization, and can mitigate many of the systemic privacy risks and costs resulting from traditional, centralized machine learning and data science approaches. Motivated by the explosive growth in FL research, this paper discusses recent advances and presents an extensive collection of open problems and challenges., Published in Foundations and Trends in Machine Learning Vol 4 Issue 1. See: https://www.nowpublishers.com/article/Details/MAL-083
Published: 2021

26. Tracking the history of grapevine cultivation in Georgia by combining geometric morphometrics and ancient DNA

Author: M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Nathan Wales, Vincent Bonhomme, Mindia Jalabadze, Allowen Evin, David Maghradze, Jazmín Ramos-Madrigal, David Lordkipanidze, Thierry Lacombe, Roberto Bacilieri, Clémence Pagnoux, Sarah Ivorra, Nana Rusishvili, Elisabetta Boaretto, Laurent Bouby, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of York [York, UK], Georgian National Museum, IT University of Copenhagen, Diversité, Adaptation et Amélioration de la Vigne [AGAP] (DAAV), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], National Wine Agency SNP of Georgia, European Research Council Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme 842577, Exilarch Foundation for the Dangoor Research Accelerator Mass Spectrometer (D-REAMS) Laboratory, ANR-16-CE27-0013,VINICULTURE,Vignes et vins en France du Néolithique au Moyen Age. Approche intégrée en archéosciences(2016), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, Vine, Caucasus, Plant Science, Biology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Domestication, VITIS-VINIFERA, law, Bronze Age, Botany, EXPLOITATION, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, 0601 history and archaeology, Radiocarbon dating, Palaeogenomics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Morphometrics, Diversity, 060102 archaeology, Outline analysis, FRUIT, Paleontology, WINE, 06 humanities and the arts, Ancient DNA, PERSPECTIVES, ORIGINS, Vitis vinifera, Viticulture, Chronology
Abstract: International audience; The Near East and the Caucasus are commonly regarded as the original domestication centres of Vitis vinifera (grapevine), and the region continues to be home to a high diversity of wild and cultivated grapevines, particularly within Georgia. The earliest chemical evidence for wine making was recorded in Georgian Neolithic sites (6000-5800 bc) and grape pips, possibly of the domesticated morphotype, have been reported from several sites of about the same period. We performed geometric morphometric and palaeogenomic investigations of grape pip samples in order to identify the appearance of domesticated grapevine and explore the changes in cultivated diversity in relation to modern varieties. We systematically investigated charred and uncharred grape pip samples from Georgian archaeological sites. Their chronology was thoroughly assessed by direct radiocarbon dating. More than 500 grape pips from 14 sites from the Middle Bronze Age to modern times were selected for geometric morphometric studies. The shapes of the ancient pips were compared to hundreds of modern wild individuals and cultivated varieties. Degraded DNA was isolated from three pips from two sites, converted to Illumina libraries, sequenced at approximately 10,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites, and compared to a large public database of grapevine diversity. The most ancient pip dates from the Middle Bronze Age (1900-1500 cal bc) and the domesticated morphotype is identified from ca. 1000 bc onwards. A great diversity of domesticated shapes was regularly seen in the samples. Most are close to modern cultivars from the Caucasian, southwest Asian and Balkan areas, which suggests that the modern local vine diversity is deeply rooted in early viticulture. DNA was successfully recovered from historic pips and genome-wide analyses found close parental relationships to modern Georgian cultivars.
Published: 2021
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27. Editorial: Skeletal Muscle Immunometabolism

Author: Miguel L. Batista, Arthur J. Cheng, Capucine Trollet, Nicolas J. Pillon, Lykke Sylow, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), York University [Toronto], IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institut de Myologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), IT University of Copenhagen, and Centre de Recherche en Myologie
Subjects: Muscle tissue, Cachexia, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], immunometabolism, myokines, Skeletal muscle adaptation, Skeletal muscle, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Inflammation, cachexia, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, skeletal muscle atrophy, Physiology (medical), Myokine, Faculty of Science, medicine, QP1-981, skeletal muscle, Exercise, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Immunometabolism, exercise, business.industry, Regeneration (biology), Muscle atrophy, Cell biology, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Metabolism, medicine.anatomical_structure, Editorial, inflammation, Myokines, medicine.symptom, business, metabolism, Skeletal muscle atrophy
Abstract: Skeletal muscle inflammation is triggered by multiple physiological and pathological processes. Resident immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells respond to the inflammatory state of skeletal muscle, and circulating immune cells can be recruited to muscle tissue (Pillon et al., 2013). Skeletal muscle adaptation depends on sequential stages of degeneration, inflammation, and regeneration (Chazaud, 2016). This remodeling process results from a finely tuned orchestration of cellular, molecular and metabolic responses involving both muscle and non-muscle cells (inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, fibro-adipogenic cells, pericytes). If unbalanced, this response leads to muscle atrophy, and/or fibrosis. This Research Topic on immunometabolism incorporates reviews and original studies to elucidate the many implications of skeletal muscle inflammation in metabolism, health, and disease.
Published: 2021

28. New technique for high-precision, simultaneous measurements of CH4, N2O and CO2 concentrations; isotopic and elemental ratios of N-2, O-2 and Ar; and total air content in ice cores by wet extraction

Author: Oyabu, Ikumi, Kawamura, Kenji, Kitamura, Kyotaro, Dallmayr, Remi, Kitamura, Akihiro, Sawada, Chikako, Severinghaus, Jeffrey, Beaudette, Ross, Orsi, Anaïs, Sugawara, Satoshi, Ishidoya, Shigeyuki, Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe, Goto-Azuma, Kumiko, Aoki, Shuji, Nakazawa, Takakiyo, National Institute of Polar Research [Tokyo] (NiPR), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Alfred Wegener Institute [Potsdam], Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Glaces et Continents, Climats et Isotopes Stables (GLACCIOS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Miyagi University of Education, Sendai, Miyagi, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), IT University of Copenhagen, University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Tohoku University [Sendai], University of California (UC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and IT University of Copenhagen (ITU)
Subjects: [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, MIXING RATIOS, TRACE GASES, TRAPPED AIR, NITROUS-OXIDE, POLAR ICE, GREENLAND, ABRUPT CLIMATE-CHANGE, ANTARCTIC ICE, Atmospheric Sciences, TheoryofComputation_MATHEMATICALLOGICANDFORMALLANGUAGES, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ATMOSPHERIC METHANE CONCENTRATION, SIPLE DOME, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Air in polar ice cores provides unique information on past climatic and atmospheric changes. We developed a new method combining wet extraction, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry for high-precision, simultaneous measurements of eight air components (CH4, N2O and CO2 concentrations; δ15N, δ18O, δO2∕N2 and δAr∕N2; and total air content) from an ice-core sample of ∼ 60 g. The ice sample is evacuated for ∼ 2 h and melted under vacuum, and the released air is continuously transferred into a sample tube at 10 K within 10 min. The air is homogenized in the sample tube overnight at room temperature and split into two aliquots for mass spectrometric and gas chromatographic measurements. Care is taken to minimize (1) contamination of greenhouse gases by using a long evacuation time, (2) consumption of oxygen during sample storage by a passivation treatment on sample tubes, and (3) fractionation of isotopic ratios with a long homogenization time for splitting. Precision is assessed by analyzing standard gases with artificial ice and duplicate measurements of the Dome Fuji and NEEM ice cores. The overall reproducibility (1 SD) of duplicate ice-core analyses are 3.2 ppb, 2.2 ppb and 2.9 ppm for CH4, N2O and CO2 concentrations; 0.006 ‰, 0.011 ‰, 0.09 ‰ and 0.12 ‰ for δ15N, δ18O, δO2∕N2 and δAr∕N2; and 0.63 mLSTP kg−1 for total air content, respectively. Our new method successfully combines the high-precision, small-sample and multiple-species measurements, with a wide range of applications for ice-core paleoenvironmental studies.
Published: 2020

29. Pluridisciplinary evidence for burial for the La Ferrassie 8 Neandertal child

Author: Catherine Schwab, Bruno Maureille, Antoine Balzeau, Jean-Jacques Hublin, Helen Fewlass, Camille Daujeard, Christelle Lahaye, Alain Turq, Sahra Talamo, Guillaume Guérin, Isabelle Crevecoeur, Matthias Meyer, Asier Gómez-Olivencia, Frido Welker, Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Museum for Central Africa [Tervuren] (RMCA), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Institut de Recherche sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie (PACEA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Collège de France - Chaire Paléoanthropologie, Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Centro UCM-ISCIII de Investigación sobre Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos, Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC)-UCM, Madrid, Musée National de Préhistoire, Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), IRAMAT-Centre de recherche en physique appliquée à l’archéologie (IRAMAT-CRP2A), Institut de Recherches sur les Archéomatériaux (IRAMAT), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne (UBM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Musée d'Archéologie Nationale (Saint-Germain-en-Laye, FRANCE), Musée d'Archéologie Nationale, Sociedad de ciencias Aranzadi (SCA), Ignacio Zuloaga Enparantza, Balzeau A., Turq A., Talamo S., Daujeard C., Guerin G., Welker F., Crevecoeur I., Fewlass H., Hublin J.-J., Lahaye C., Maureille B., Meyer M., Schwab C., Gomez-Olivencia A., University of Bologna, Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), IT University of Copenhagen, UCM, Madrid-Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), and Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Université Bordeaux Montaigne-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 010506 paleontology, Neanderthal, Taphonomy, Burial, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Burial, Neanderthal, Radiocarbon, Science, Context (language use), DNA, Mitochondrial, 01 natural sciences, Bone and Bones, Mass Spectrometry, Article, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, law, biology.animal, Animals, Humans, Radiocarbon dating, History, Ancient, Zooarchaeology, Neanderthals, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, Fossils, Palaeontology, Paleontology, Geology, Hominidae, Archaeology, Geochemistry, 030104 developmental biology, Geography, Ancient DNA, Child, Preschool, Western europe, Châtelperronian, Medicine, Molecular evolution, France
Abstract: The origin of funerary practices has important implications for the emergence of so-called modern cognitive capacities and behaviour. We provide new multidisciplinary information on the archaeological context of the La Ferrassie 8 Neandertal skeleton (grand abri of La Ferrassie, Dordogne, France), including geochronological data -14C and OSL-, ZooMS and ancient DNA data, geological and stratigraphic information from the surrounding context, complete taphonomic study of the skeleton and associated remains, spatial information from the 1968–1973 excavations, and new (2014) fieldwork data. Our results show that a pit was dug in a sterile sediment layer and the corpse of a two-year-old child was laid there. A hominin bone from this context, identified through Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry (ZooMS) and associated with Neandertal based on its mitochondrial DNA, yielded a direct 14C age of 41.7–40.8 ka cal BP (95%), younger than the 14C dates of the overlying archaeopaleontological layers and the OSL age of the surrounding sediment. This age makes the bone one of the most recent directly dated Neandertals. It is consistent with the age range for the Châtelperronian in the site and in this region and represents the third association of Neandertal taxa to Initial Upper Palaeolithic lithic technocomplex in Western Europe. A detailed multidisciplinary approach, as presented here, is essential to advance understanding of Neandertal behavior, including funerary practices.
Published: 2020

30. SoK: Three Facets of Privacy Policies

Author: Raúl Pardo, Victor Morel, CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services (CITI), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Privacy Models, Architectures and Tools for the Information Society (PRIVATICS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), IT University of Copenhagen, Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CITI Centre of Innovation in Telecommunications and Integration of services (CITI), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Inria Lyon, and IT University of Copenhagen (ITU)
Subjects: Data collection, legal compliance, Computer science, business.industry, Privacy policy, Internet privacy, privacy policies, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Usability, enforcement, usability, Computer Science - Computers and Society, Facet (psychology), Expression (architecture), [INFO.INFO-CY]Computer Science [cs]/Computers and Society [cs.CY], [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Enforcement, Set (psychology), business, Natural language
Abstract: International audience; Privacy policies are the main way to obtain information related to personal data collection and processing. Originally, privacy policies were presented as textual documents. However, the unsuitability of this format for the needs of today's society gave birth to other means of expression. In this paper, we systematically study the different means of expression of privacy policies. In doing so, we have explored the three main categories, which we call facets, ie, natural language, graphical and machine-readable privacy policies. Each of these facets focuses on the particular needs of the communities they come from, ie, law experts, organizations and privacy advocates, and academics, respectively. We then analyze the benefits and limitations of each facet, and explain why solutions based on a single facet do not cover the needs of other communities. Finally, we set guidelines and discuss challenges of an approach to expressing privacy policies which brings together the benefits of each facet as an attempt to overcome their limitations.
Published: 2020

31. The lower shoreface: Morphodynamics and sediment connectivity with the upper shoreface and beach

Author: Troels Aagaard, Edward J. Anthony, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Ecologie, Evolution, Interactions des Systèmes amazoniens (LEEISA), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IT University of Copenhagen, and IT University of Copenhagen (ITU)
Subjects: Dunes, Bedform, Upper shoreface, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Continental shelf bedforms, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, Central element, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sediment connectivity, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Continental shelf, Lower shoreface, Beach, Seabed mapping, Sediment transport, Morphodynamics, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Submarine pipeline, Beach morphodynamics, Geology
Abstract: The lower shoreface provides the connection between the continental shelf and the shoreline via its onshore transition called the upper shoreface. Lower shorefaces are diverse, and range from bedrock-controlled, through sediment-starved to sediment-rich, siliciclastic, carbonate, low to high wave-energy, microtidal to macrotidal, and are variably affected by storm and wind-driven flows. The lower shoreface can be a repository for deposits of terrestrial origin, and a zone of active carbonate production. It can therefore be an important source of sediment for beaches, dunes, estuaries, and tidal basins. There has been progress in the ability to predict suspended sediment transport under non-breaking and shoaling waves across the lower shoreface. However, high-resolution measurement of sediment transport over unknown seabed configurations with unpredictable bed-level changes under hydrodynamic conditions that are unknown at the outset, and especially involving bedload transport, is still faced with significant challenges. Non-linear interactions between processes contributing to sediment transport render calculations and modelling of transport directions and magnitudes uncertain, and the spatial and temporal scales of transport are much larger than those of the upper shoreface. On the other hand, transport rates and morphological change may be much smaller on the lower shoreface compared to the upper shoreface. Another challenge is the upscaling of short-term measurements to explain the long-term morphological evolution of the lower shoreface. This limited understanding implies that current paradigms of lower shoreface dynamics based on morphological equilibrium and disequilibrium relative to the ocean-forcing conditions may be too simplistic, though possibly appropriate over long timescales (decades to millennia), and modelling work and prediction of change no more than exploratory. Over such long timescales, boundary conditions (sea level, wave climate) are likely to change. Making way forward on these issues is important for understanding the connectivity between the lower shoreface and beach recovery after major storm erosion, and for estimating coastal sediment budgets, short- to long-term coastal change and response to natural and anthropogenic perturbations. At geological timescales, the lower shoreface is a central element in tracking shoreline changes. Progress is needed in measuring sediment transport and upscaling to timescales compatible with lower shoreface change. It is also important to take advantage of on-going rapid progress in seabed and shallow stratigraphic mapping, bed-level changes, including remote-sensing approaches, for a better understanding of lower shoreface morphodynamics and sediment connectivity with the coast. This includes the now routine identification of large subaqueous bedforms, possibly ubiquitous features on the world's continental shelves, their mobility over time, and their potential link with the shoreline. The common relationship between fine sand, dissipative beaches and large aeolian dunes also poses the question of how fine sand is abundantly supplied from the lower shoreface, given the common perception that it is readily swept offshore on beaches. These multi-theme challenges need to be addressed in order to advance our understanding of the lower shoreface and its connectivity with the upper shoreface and beach.
Published: 2020

32. Diversity patterns of aquatic macroinvertebrates in a tropical high-Andean catchment

Author: Patricio Andino, Rodrigo Espinosa, Verónica Crespo-Pérez, Sophie Cauvy-Fraunié, Dean Jacobsen, Olivier Dangles, Laboratorio de Limnología [Bariloche], Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente [Bariloche] (INIBIOMA-CONICET), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), Universidad Regional Amazonica Ikiam, Riverly (Riverly), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), IT University of Copenhagen, Ecofondo (grant no. 034-ECO8-inv1), WWF-Novozymes (grant 2008), RiverLy - Fonctionnement des hydrosystèmes (RiverLy), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and IT University of Copenhagen (ITU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, cuencas glaciares, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Drainage basin, Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Freshwater ecosystem, macroinvertebrados acuáticos, krenal, kryal, rareza, rhithral, rarity, Ecosystem, 14. Life underwater, rhithral, geography, glacierised catchments, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, aquatic macroinvertebrates, Species diversity, 15. Life on land, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, Environmental science, Water quality, Species richness, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, rareza
Abstract: Introduction: Glacierised catchments are remote and hostile environments, in which streams from different water sources (e.g., glacier melt, rain/snowmelt, groundwater) converge, creating a complex mosaic of stream sites with varying levels of glacial influence and environmental conditions. This environmental heterogeneity, in turn, influences the assemblage and composition of aquatic communities and produces complex patterns of species diversity at the catchment scale. Objectives: In this contribution, we assessed biodiversity and community composition of aquatic macroinvertebrate communities from 51 stream site types in a glacierised catchment in the tropical Andes. The aim of our study was to: (1) determine diversity, rarity, commonness and spatial distribution patterns of aquatic macroinvertebrate communities from sites with different water sources, and (2) identify which environmental variables influence the density and presence of macroinvertebrate taxa and, in particular, of the subfamilies of the ubiquitous chironomids. Methods: Our study sites were grouped according to their water source and to their percentage of glacier coverage in the catchment (GCC). At each site we sampled aquatic macroinvertebrates, measured environmental variables and assessed community differences and environmental influence with ordination analyses and generalized linear models. Results: Kryal and mixed sites had an important proportion of rare taxa. Mean richness was highest in the mixed sites and lowest in the sites with the highest glacier cover; while sites with an intermediate percentage of glacier cover, had the highest values of α and β diversity. We found that 13 taxa (15.9%) were common to all stream site types. SIMPER analysis showed that Orthocladiinae, Hyalella sp. and Andesiops sp. contributed the most to the dissimilarity between site types (˃ 45% of cumulative contribution). RDA showed that kryal sites were associated with high turbidity and density of Podonomids, and with low temperature, amount of CPOM and densities of both Anomalocosmoecus sp. and Andesiops sp. Orthocladinae was associated with high current velocity and chlorophyll a concentration, whereas Hyalella sp. had a positive relationship with higher pH and streambed stability. Generalized linear models showed that GCC was the main variable explaining all faunal metrics. Current velocity explained macroinvertebrate abundance, water temperature was related to chironomid density and chlorophyll a influenced Orthocladiinae presence-absence. Conclusions: Our results suggest that by favoring the presence of rare taxa and taxa turnover, glacier influence may increase biodiversity in glacierised catchments. In terms of biodiversity conservation, this study confirms an urgent need to increase knowledge of high-Andean stream biodiversity, especially in highly heterogenous glacierised catchments, to better describe regional biodiversity patterns and community composition of these highly vulnerable freshwater ecosystems. Detailed analyses of benthic communities and development of databases are key for conservation strategies. Water management municipalities and/or enterprises should consider water quality and stream types for more sustainable management of these important ecosystems. Resumen Introducción: Las cuencas glaciares son entornos remotos y hostiles, en los que los arroyos de diferentes fuentes de agua (p.ej., deshielo de glaciares, lluvia/deshielo, agua subterránea) convergen, creando un mosaico complejo de tramos con diferentes niveles de influencia glacial y condiciones ambientales. Esta heterogeneidad ambiental influye, a su vez, en el ensamblaje y composición de las comunidades acuáticas y produce complejos patrones de diversidad a la escala de la cuenca. Objetivos: En esta contribución, evaluamos la biodiversidad y composición de comunidades de macroinvertebrados acuáticos en 51 sitios de una cuenca glaciar en los Andes tropicales. Los objetivos de nuestro estudio fueron: (1) determinar la diversidad, la contribución de taxones raros y comunes y los patrones de distribución espacial de las comunidades de macroinvertebrados acuáticos en sitios con diferentes fuentes de agua, y (2) identificar qué variables ambientales influyen en la densidad y presencia de taxones de macroinvertebrados y, en particular, de las subfamilias de los omnipresentes quironómidos. Métodos: Agrupamos a nuestros sitios de estudio según su fuente de agua y su porcentaje de cobertura de glaciar en la cuenca (GCC). En cada sitio donde muestreamos macroinvertebrados acuáticos, medimos variables ambientales y evaluamos las diferencias entre comunidades y la influencia ambiental con análisis de ordenación y modelos lineales generalizados. Resultados: Los sitios kryal y mixtos tuvieron una proporción importante de taxones raros. La riqueza media fue más alta en los sitios mixtos y más baja en los sitios con mayor cobertura glaciar; mientras que los sitios con un porcentaje intermedio de cobertura glaciar tuvieron los valores más altos de diversidad α y β. Encontramos que 13 taxones (15,9%) fueron comunes a todos los tipos de sitios de estudio. El análisis SIMPER mostró que Orthocladiinae, Hyalella sp. y Andesiops sp. contribuyeron más a la disimilitud entre tipos de sitios (˃ 45% de la contribución acumulada). El RDA mostró que los sitios kryal estaban asociados con alta turbidez y densidad de podonómidos, y con baja temperatura, cantidad de CPOM y densidad de Anomalocosmoecus sp. y Andesiops sp. Orthocladinae se asoció con una alta velocidad de corriente y concentración de clorofila a, mientras que Hyalella sp. tuvo una relación positiva con pH más alto y estabilidad del lecho del río. Los modelos lineales generalizados mostraron que GCC fue la variable principal para explicar todas las métricas de fauna. La velocidad de corriente explicó la abundancia de macroinvertebrados, la temperatura del agua estuvo relacionada con la densidad de los quironómidos y la clorofila influenció la presencia-ausencia de Orthocladiinae. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren que, al favorecer la presencia de taxones raros y la rotación de taxones, la influencia de los glaciares puede aumentar la biodiversidad en cuencas con influencia glaciar. En términos de conservación de la biodiversidad, este estudio confirma la necesidad urgente de incrementar el conocimiento de la biodiversidad en arroyos de la región altoandina, especialmente en cuencas glaciares altamente heterogéneas, para describir mejor los patrones de biodiversidad regional y la composición de las comunidades en estos ecosistemas altamente vulnerables. Análisis detallados de las comunidades bentónicas y el desarrollo de bases de datos son claves para diseñar estrategias de conservación. Los municipios y/o empresas administradoras de agua deben considerar la calidad del agua y los tipos de arroyos para una gestión más sostenible de estos importantes ecosistemas.
Published: 2020
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33. rAAV-related therapy fully rescues myonuclear and myofilament function in X-linked myotubular myopathy

Author: Belinda S. Cowling, Julien Ochala, Jocelyn Laporte, Edmar Zanoteli, David L. Mack, Jennifer E. Morgan, Yotam Levy, Hichem Tasfaout, Heinz Jungbluth, Michael W. Lawlor, Jacob A. Ross, Dawn A. Lowe, Norma B. Romero, King‘s College London, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University College of London [London] (UCL), Universidade de São Paulo Medical School (FMUSP), Institut de Myologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Sorbonne Université (SU), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital [London], Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, Medical College of Wisconsin [Milwaukee] (MCW), University of Washington [Seattle], IT University of Copenhagen, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Association française contre les myopathies (AFM-Téléthon)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), and Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université
Subjects: Male, Myofilament, Myotubularin, Genetic enhancement, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Skeletal muscle, lcsh:RC346-429, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Myofibrils, Congenital myopathy, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Dependovirus, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor, X-linked myotubular myopathy, Cell biology, Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.symptom, Muscle Contraction, Myopathies, Structural, Congenital, Adult, Adolescent, Force production, Genetic Vectors, Population, Biology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Dogs, medicine, Animals, Humans, Myonuclear domain, education, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, 030304 developmental biology, Research, Infant, Muscle weakness, Genetic Therapy, medicine.disease, Disease Models, Animal, Microscopy, Electron, Neurology (clinical), [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a life-threatening skeletal muscle disease caused by mutations in the MTM1 gene. XLMTM fibres display a population of nuclei mispositioned in the centre. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether positioning and overall distribution of nuclei affects cellular organization and contractile function, thereby contributing to muscle weakness in this disease. We also assessed whether gene therapy alters nuclear arrangement and function. We used tissue from human patients and animal models, including XLMTM dogs that had received increasing doses of recombinant AAV8 vector restoring MTM1 expression (rAAV8-cMTM1). We then used single isolated muscle fibres to analyze nuclear organization and contractile function. In addition to the expected mislocalization of nuclei in the centre of muscle fibres, a novel form of nuclear mispositioning was observed: irregular spacing between those located at the fibre periphery, and an overall increased number of nuclei, leading to dramatically smaller and inconsistent myonuclear domains. Nuclear mislocalization was associated with decreases in global nuclear synthetic activity, contractile protein content and intrinsic myofilament force production. A contractile deficit originating at the myofilaments, rather than mechanical interference by centrally positioned nuclei, was supported by experiments in regenerated mouse muscle. Systemic administration of rAAV8-cMTM1 at doses higher than 2.5 × 1013 vg kg−1 allowed a full rescue of all these cellular defects in XLMTM dogs. Altogether, these findings identify previously unrecognized pathological mechanisms in human and animal XLMTM, associated with myonuclear defects and contractile filament function. These defects can be reversed by gene therapy restoring MTM1 expression in dogs with XLMTM.
Published: 2020

34. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae as a model for real-time studies of propagating VHS virus infection, tissue tropism and neutrophil activity

Author: Louise von Gersdorff Jørgensen, Stéphane Biacchesi, Jacob Günther Schmidt, Niels Lorenzen, Moonika Haahr Marana, Section of Parasitology and Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, IT University of Copenhagen-IT University of Copenhagen-Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, IT University of Copenhagen-IT University of Copenhagen, Unit for Fish and Shellfish Diseases, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU)-Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM (UR 0892)), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Kirsten and Freddy Johansens Fond Det Frie Forskningsrad (DFF)9041-00227B
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, in vivo visualization, neutrophil response, animal structures, Neutrophils, Veterinary (miscellaneous), ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species, Aquatic Science, Recombinant virus, Tropism, Virus, Green fluorescent protein, Novirhabdovirus, 03 medical and health sciences, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral, Animals, Model organism, Zebrafish, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, biology, ved/biology, fungi, tissue tropism, RNA virus, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, Virology, mortality, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, 040102 fisheries, Tissue tropism, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, infection kinetics
Abstract: International audience; Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus that infects more than 140 different fish species. In this study, zebrafish larvae were employed as in vivo model organisms to investigate progression of disease, the correlation between propagation of the infection and irreversibility of disease, cell tropism and in situ neutrophil activity towards the VHSV-infected cells. A recombinant VHSV strain, encoding "tomato" fluorescence (rVHSV-Tomato), was used in zebrafish to be able to follow the progress of the infection in the live host in real-time. Two-day-old zebrafish larvae were injected into the yolk sac with the recombinant virus. The virus titre peaked 96 hr post-infection in zebrafish larvae kept at 18 degrees C, and correlated with 33% mortality and high morbidity among the larvae. By utilizing the transgenic zebrafish line Tg(fli1:GFP)(y1) with fluorescently tagged endothelial cells, we were able to demonstrate that the virus initially infected endothelial cells lining the blood vessels. By observing the rVHSV-Tomato infection in the neutrophil reporter zebrafish line Tg(MPX:eGFP)(i114) , we inferred that only a subpopulation of the neutrophils responded to the virus infection. We conclude that the zebrafish larvae are suitable for real-time studies of VHS virus infections, allowing in vivo dissection of host-virus interactions at the whole organism level.
Published: 2020

35. Strengthening the role of forensic anthropology in personal identification: Position statement by the Board of the Forensic Anthropology Society of Europe (FASE)

Author: Philippe Lefèvre, Tony Fracasso, Pascal Adalian, Hans H. de Boer, Cristina Cattaneo, Anja Petaros, Ann H. Ross, Eric Baccino, Niels Lynnerup, Eugénia Cunha, Elena F. Kranioti, Zuzana Obertová, Maryna Steyn, VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], The University of Western Australia (UWA), National Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (ADES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre universitaire romand de Médecine Légale, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), National Board of Forensic Medicine, North Carolina State University [Raleigh] (NC State), University of North Carolina System (UNC), University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), IT University of Copenhagen, and Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI)
Subjects: Position statement, Societies, Scientific, Identification, Statement (logic), Forensic anthropology, [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Scientific literature, Criminology, 01 natural sciences, Bone and Bones, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Political science, Photography, Médecine légale, Humans, Mass Casualty Incidents, 030216 legal & forensic medicine, Natural disaster, 010401 analytical chemistry, Law enforcement, Methodology, DVI, Antemortem, 16. Peace & justice, 0104 chemical sciences, Identification (information), Antemortem DVI, Pathologie générale, Postmortem, Scale (social sciences), Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Law
Abstract: In this position statement, the Board members of the Forensic Anthropology Society of Europe (FASE) argue that forensic anthropology methods can be used as means of personal identification, particularly in situations with limited availability of traditional identification methods (i.e. dactyloscopy, odontology, and molecular genetic analysis). This statement has been issued taking into account the international migration crises related to thousands of deaths worldwide, in which the utility of these traditional means of identification has been sporadic to non-existent. The statement is however not limited to deaths related to the migration crises, as similar problems may occur in fatalities en masse such as in natural disasters and armed conflicts, and on a smaller scale in cases of homeless or otherwise socioeconomically disadvantaged persons. The number of reports on personal identification based on sound anthropological methodology is increasing in the scientific literature. However, more research is needed to develop evidence-based standard operating procedures and statistical frameworks. It remains essential to raise awareness among forensic practitioners, law enforcement, and judiciary professionals on the utility of forensic anthropology in cases where it can provide sufficient information for identification., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020

36. Tracking Internal and Global Diffusive Dynamics During Protein Aggregation by High-Resolution Neutron Spectroscopy

Author: Kevin Pounot, Tilo Seydel, Hussein Chaaban, Giorgio Schirò, Martin Weik, Vito Foderà, Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut Max von Laue, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), IT University of Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), and ANR-17-EURE-0003,CBH-EUR-GS,CBH-EUR-GS(2017)
Subjects: Models, Molecular, Protein Conformation, Kinetics, Beta sheet, 02 engineering and technology, Protein aggregation, Diffusion, 03 medical and health sciences, Protein Aggregates, General Materials Science, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, 030304 developmental biology, Neutrons, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], Chemistry, Spectrum Analysis, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Neutron spectroscopy, Isoelectric point, Neutron backscattering, Biophysics, Muramidase, 0210 nano-technology, Superstructure (condensed matter)
Abstract: International audience; Proteins can misfold and form either amorphous or organized aggregates with different morphologies and features. Aggregates of amyloid nature are pathological hallmarks in so-called protein conformational diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Evidence prevails that the transient early phases of the reaction determine the aggregate morphology and toxicity. As a consequence, real-time monitoring of protein aggregation is of utmost importance. Here, we employed time-resolved neutron backscattering spectroscopy to follow center-of-mass self-diffusion and nano- to picosecond internal dynamics of lysozyme during aggregation into a specific β-sheet rich superstructure, called particulates, formed at the isoelectric point of the protein. Particulate formation is found to be a one-step process, and protein internal dynamics, to remain unchanged during the entire aggregation process. The time-resolved neutron backscattering spectroscopy approach developed here, in combination with standard kinetics assays, provides a unifying framework in which dynamics and conformational transitions can be related to the different aggregation pathways.
Published: 2020

37. Comparative Metabolomics and Molecular Phylogenetics of Melon (Cucumis melo, Cucurbitaceae) Biodiversity

Author: John M. Baker, Elad Oren, Galil Tzuri, Yaakov Tadmor, Elena Yeselson, Ilana Rogachev, Jane L. Ward, Sagit Meir, Sonia J. Miller, Annick Moing, Benoît Biais, Nurit Katzir, Joachim Kopka, Adi Faigenboim, Arthur A. Schaffer, Ric C. H. de Vos, J. William Allwood, Efraim Lewinsohn, Catherine Deborde, Royston Goodacre, Harry S. Paris, Jan K. Schjoerring, Mickaël Maucourt, Roland Mumm, Amit Gur, Federico Brigante, Thomas H. Hansen, Dominique Rolin, Michael H. Beale, Yosef Burger, Robert Hall, Shifra Ben-Dor, Daniel J. Jacob, Uzi Saar, Asaph Aharoni, Alexander Erban, Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, The James Hutton Institute, Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Rothamsted Research, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), INRA Grande Ferrade, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology (MPI-MP), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Agricultural Research Organization - the Volcani Center, Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie (MPI-MP), Agricultural Research Organization, University of Liverpool, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Agricultural Research Organisation (ARO), Volcani Center, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), European Project, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and IT University of Copenhagen
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Melon, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:QR1-502, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Genome, cucumis melo, lcsh:Microbiology, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Cucumis melo, Genotype, melon, TOOL, Laboratorium voor Plantenfysiologie, Genetic resources, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Genotype by sequencing, Phylogenesis, Metabolomique, elemental analysis, food and beverages, genetic resources, genotype by sequencing, metabolome, Molecular phylogenetics, BIOS Applied Metabolic Systems, Bioscience, Metabolome, Cucurbitaceae, Cucumis, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Elemental analysis, CHROMATOGRAPHY, Plante fruitière, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Metabolomics, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.4 [https], [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Molecular Biology, FRUIT, Biodiversité, biology.organism_classification, MASS-SPECTROMETRY DATA, 030104 developmental biology, Evolutionary biology, Fruit, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The broad variability of Cucumis melo (melon, Cucurbitaceae) presents a challenge to conventional classification and organization within the species. To shed further light on the infraspecific relationships within C. melo, we compared genotypic and metabolomic similarities among 44 accessions representative of most of the cultivar-groups. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) provided over 20,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Metabolomics data of the mature fruit flesh and rind provided over 80,000 metabolomic and elemental features via an orchestra of six complementary metabolomic platforms. These technologies probed polar, semi-polar, and non-polar metabolite fractions as well as a set of mineral elements and included both flavor-and taste-relevant volatile and non-volatile metabolites. Together these results enabled an estimate of “metabolomic/elemental distance” and its correlation with the genetic GBS distance of melon accessions. This study indicates that extensive and non-targeted metabolomics/elemental characterization produced classifications that strongly, but not completely, reflect the current and extensive genetic classification. Certain melon Groups, such as Inodorous, clustered in parallel with the genetic classifications while other genome to metabolome/element associations proved less clear. We suggest that the combined genomic, metabolic, and element data reflect the extensive sexual compatibility among melon accessions and the breeding history that has, for example, targeted metabolic quality traits, such as taste and flavor. Fil: Moing, Annick. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: William Allwood, J.. The James Hutton Institute; Reino Unido Fil: Aharoni, Asaph. Weizmann Institute Of Science Israel; Israel Fil: Baker, John. Rothamsted Research; Reino Unido Fil: Beale, Michael H.. Rothamsted Research; Reino Unido Fil: Ben-Dor, Shifra. Weizmann Institute Of Science Israel; Israel Fil: Biais, Benoît. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: Brigante, Federico Iván. Max Planck Institute Of Molecular Plant Physiology; Alemania. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos Córdoba; Argentina Fil: Burger, Yosef. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: Deborde, Catherine. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: Erban, Alexander. Max Planck Institute Of Molecular Plant Physiology; Alemania Fil: Faigenboim, Adi. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: Gur, Amit. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: Goodacre, Royston. University of Liverpool; Reino Unido Fil: Hansen, Thomas H.. Universidad de Copenhagen; Dinamarca Fil: Jacob, Daniel. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: Katzir, Nurit. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: Kopka, Joachim. Max Planck Institute Of Molecular Plant Physiology; Alemania Fil: Lewinsohn, Efraim. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: Maucourt, Mickael. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: Meir, Sagit. Weizmann Institute Of Science Israel; Israel Fil: Miller, Sonia. Rothamsted Research; Reino Unido Fil: Mumm, Roland. Wageningen University & Países Bajos Fil: Oren, Elad. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: Paris, Harry S.. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: Rogachev, Ilana. Weizmann Institute Of Science Israel; Israel Fil: Rolin, Dominique. Universite de Bordeaux; Francia Fil: Saar, Uzi. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: Schjoerring, Jan K.. Universidad de Copenhagen; Dinamarca Fil: Tadmor, Yaakov. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: Tzuri, Galil. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: de Vos, Ric C. H.. Wageningen University & Países Bajos Fil: Ward, Jane L.. Rothamsted Research; Reino Unido Fil: Yeselson, Elena. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel Fil: Hall, Robert D.. Wageningen University & Países Bajos Fil: Schaffer, Arthur A.. Agricultural Research Organization Of Israel; Israel
Published: 2020
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38. Human C-terminal CUBN variants associate with chronic proteinuria and normal renal function

Author: Marie-Josèphe Tête, Matthias Hansen, Florie Lammens, Tobias Schäfer, Albert Bensman, Alexandra Cambier, Tobias B. Huber, Christoph J. Mache, Elisa Kuhn, Christian Brix Folsted Andersen, Corinne Isnard-Bagnis, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Günter Klaus, Mathilda Bedin, Fabienne Jabot-Hanin, Julien Hogan, Laure Villoing-Gaudé, Timo Wagner, Patrick Nitschke, Carole Tournant, Marcus R. Benz, Maik Grohmann, Markus Gödel, Aude Servais, Corinne Antignac, Cécile Vigneau, Ferielle Louillet, Christine Bole-Feysot, Véronique Baudouin, Iseline Bouteau, Lars Pape, Kay Latta, Carsten Bergmann, Yong Li, Vincent Morinière, Saoussen Krid, Olivier Gribouval, Olivia Boyer, Bruno Ranchin, Anna Köttgen, Matias Simons, Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropathies héréditaires et rein en développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de Néphrologie [CHU Necker], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], School of Software (THSS), Tsinghua University [Beijing], Néphropathies héréditaires et rein en développement (UMR_S 983), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Hôpital Robert Debré Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Service de neuropédiatrie et maladies métaboliques [CHU Robert-Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Service de néphrologie et pédiatrie générale [CHU Trousseau], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de Néphrologie Rhumatologie Dermatologie, HCL Groupement Hospitalier Est-Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Centre de référence Maladies Rénales Rares, CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Service d'urologie, néphrologie et transplantation [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Department of Pediatric Kidney, Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH)-Children's Hospital, Renal Division, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany, Service de Génétique Médicale [CHU Necker], Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Plateforme de bioinformatique, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), IT University of Copenhagen, NNF18OC0052457, Novo Nordisk Fonden, KO 3598/5-1,KIDGEM SFB1140 246781735, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, ANR-10-IAHU-01,ANR-14-ACHN-0013, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, 01GM1515C, Federal Ministry or Education and Research, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Tsinghua University [Beijing] (THU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant [CHU - HCL] (HFME), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-HCL Groupement Hospitalier Est-Centre de référence Maladies Rénales Rares, Service d'Urologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), ANR-10-IAHU-0001,Imagine,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Imagine(2010), and ANR-14-ACHN-0013,NEPHROFLY,Utilisation de Drosophila melanogaster pour étudier les maladies génétiques du rein(2014)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Nephrology, medicine.medical_specialty, Anemia, Megaloblastic, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Renal function, Receptors, Cell Surface, Kidney, urologic and male genital diseases, Gastroenterology, Kidney Tubules, Proximal, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, Malabsorption Syndromes, Internal medicine, Chronic kidney disease, medicine, Genetics, Albuminuria, Humans, Alport syndrome, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, Proteinuria, business.industry, urogenital system, Vitamin B 12 Deficiency, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Cubilin, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation, Female, Clinical Medicine, medicine.symptom, business, Nephrotic syndrome, Genetic diseases
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUNDProteinuria is considered an unfavorable clinical condition that accelerates renal and cardiovascular disease. However, it is not clear whether all forms of proteinuria are damaging. Mutations in CUBN cause Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome (IGS), which is characterized by intestinal malabsorption of vitamin B12 and in some cases proteinuria. CUBN encodes for cubilin, an intestinal and proximal tubular uptake receptor containing 27 CUB domains for ligand binding.METHODSWe used next-generation sequencing for renal disease genes to genotype cohorts of patients with suspected hereditary renal disease and chronic proteinuria. CUBN variants were analyzed using bioinformatics, structural modeling, and epidemiological methods.RESULTSWe identified 39 patients, in whom biallelic pathogenic variants in the CUBN gene were associated with chronic isolated proteinuria and early childhood onset. Since the proteinuria in these patients had a high proportion of albuminuria, glomerular diseases such as steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome or Alport syndrome were often the primary clinical diagnosis, motivating renal biopsies and the use of proteinuria-lowering treatments. However, renal function was normal in all cases. By contrast, we did not found any biallelic CUBN variants in proteinuric patients with reduced renal function or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Unlike the more N-terminal IGS mutations, 37 of the 41 proteinuria-associated CUBN variants led to modifications or truncations after the vitamin B12-binding domain. Finally, we show that 4 C-terminal CUBN variants are associated with albuminuria and slightly increased GFR in meta-analyses of large population-based cohorts.CONCLUSIONCollectively, our data suggest an important role for the C-terminal half of cubilin in renal albumin reabsorption. Albuminuria due to reduced cubilin function could be an unexpectedly common benign condition in humans that may not require any proteinuria-lowering treatment or renal biopsy.FUNDINGATIP-Avenir program, Fondation Bettencourt-Schueller (Liliane Bettencourt Chair of Developmental Biology), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) Investissements d'avenir program (ANR-10-IAHU-01) and NEPHROFLY (ANR-14-ACHN-0013, to MS), Steno Collaborative Grant 2018 (NNF18OC0052457, to TSA and MS), Heisenberg Professorship of the German Research Foundation (KO 3598/5-1, to AK), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Collaborative Research Centre (SFB) KIDGEM 1140 (project 246781735, to CB), and Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMB) (01GM1515C, to CB).
Published: 2020

39. Clinical, cognitive and neuroanatomical associations of serum NMDAR autoantibodies in people at clinical high risk for psychosis The EUGEI High-Risk Study

Author: Pollak, Thomas, Kempton, Matthew, Iyegbe, Conrad, Vincent, Angela, Irani, Sarosh R, Coutinho, Ester, Menassa, David A, Jacobson, Leslie, De Haan, Lieuwe, Ruhrmann, Stephan, Sachs, Gabriele, Riecher-Rössler, Anita, Krebs, Marie-Odile, Amminger, Paul, Glenthøj, Birte, Barrantes-Vidal, Neus, Van Os, Jim, Rutten, Bart, Bressan, Rodrigo, Van Der Gaag, Mark, Yolken, Robert, Hotopf, Matthew, Valmaggia, Lucia, Stone, James, David, Anthony S, McGuire, Philip, Martinez Rico, Clara, King‘s College London, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital [Oxford University Hospital], University of Southampton, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), University of Cologne, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, University of Basel (Unibas), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris (IPNP - U1266 Inserm), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of Melbourne, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental [Madrid] (CIBER-SAM), Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus [Utrecht], University Medical Center [Utrecht], Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], University College of London [London] (UCL), EUGEI High-Risk Study: Maria Calem, Stefania Tognin, Gemma Modinos, Lieuwe de Haan, Mark van der Gaag, Eva Velthorst, Tamar C Kraan, Daniella S van Dam, Nadine Burger, Barnaby Nelson, Patrick McGorry, Christos Pantelis, Athena Politis, Joanne Goodall, Stefan Borgwardt, Sarah Ittig, Erich Studerus, Renata Smieskova, Ary Gadelha, Elisa Brietzke, Graccielle Asevedo, Elson Asevedo, Andre Zugman, Araceli Rosa, Anna Racioppi, Manel Monsonet, Lídia Hinojosa-Marqués, Thomas R Kwapil, Mathilde Kazes, Claire Daban, Julie Bourgin, Olivier Gay, Célia Mam-Lam-Fook, Dorte Nordholm, Lasse Randers, Kristine Krakauer, Louise Glenthøj, Merete Nordentoft, Dominika Gebhard, Julia Arnhold, Joachim Klosterkötter, Iris Lasser, Bernadette Winklbaur, Philippe A Delespaul, Jim van Os, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), IT University of Copenhagen, VU University Amsterdam, and Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU)
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, nervous system, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Serum neuronal autoantibodies, such as those to the NMDA receptor (NMDAR), are detectable in a subgroup of patients with psychotic disorders. It is not known if they are present before the onset of psychosis or whether they are associated with particular clinical features or outcomes. In a case-control study, sera from 254 subjects at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and 116 healthy volunteers were tested for antibodies against multiple neuronal antigens implicated in CNS autoimmune disorders, using fixed and live cell-based assays (CBAs). Within the CHR group, the relationship between NMDAR antibodies and symptoms, cognitive function and clinical outcomes over 24 month follow-up was examined. CHR subjects were not more frequently seropositive for neuronal autoantibodies than controls (8.3% vs. 5.2%; OR = 1.50; 95% CI: 0.58-3.90). The NMDAR was the most common target antigen and NMDAR IgGs were more sensitively detected with live versus fixed CBAs (p < 0.001). Preliminary phenotypic analyses revealed that within the CHR sample, the NMDAR antibody seropositive subjects had higher levels of current depression, performed worse on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task (p < 0.05), and had a markedly lower IQ (p < 0.01). NMDAR IgGs were not more frequent in subjects who later became psychotic than those who did not. NMDAR antibody serostatus and titre was associated with poorer levels of functioning at follow-up (p < 0.05) and the presence of a neuronal autoantibody was associated with larger amygdala volumes (p < 0.05). Altogether, these findings demonstrate that NMDAR autoantibodies are detectable in a subgroup of CHR subjects at equal rates to controls. In the CHR group, they are associated with affective psychopathology, impairments in verbal memory, and overall cognitive function: these findings are qualitatively and individually similar to core features of autoimmune encephalitis and/or animal models of NMDAR antibody-mediated CNS disease. Overall the current work supports further evaluation of NMDAR autoantibodies as a possible prognostic biomarker and aetiological factor in a subset of people already meeting CHR criteria.
Published: 2020

40. Carbon-nitrogen interactions in European forests and semi-natural vegetation - Part 1: Fluxes and budgets of carbon, nitrogen and greenhouse gases from ecosystem monitoring and modelling

Author: Flechard, Chris R., Ibrom, Andreas, Skiba, Ute M., de Vries, Wim, Van Oijen, Marcel, Cameron, David R., Dise, Nancy B., Korhonen, Janne F.J., Buchmann, Nina, Legout, Arnaud, Simpson, David, Sanz, Maria J., Aubinet, Marc, Loustau, Denis, Montagnani, Leonardo, Neirynck, Johan, Janssens, Ivan A., Pihlatie, Mari, Kiese, Ralf, Siemens, Jan, Francez, André-Jean, Augustin, Jürgen, Varlagin, Andrej, Olejnik, Janusz, Juszczak, Radosław, Aurela, Mika, Berveiller, Daniel, Chojnicki, Bogdan H., Dämmgen, Ulrich, Delpierre, Nicolas, Djuricic, Vesna, Drewer, Julia, Dufrêne, Eric, Eugster, Werner, Fauvel, Yannick, Fowler, David, Frumau, Arnoud, Granier, André, Gross, Patrick, Hamon, Yannick, Helfter, Carole, Hensen, Arjan, Horváth, László, Kitzler, Barbara, Kruijt, Bart, Kutsch, Werner L., Lobo-do-Vale, Raquel, Lohila, Annalea, Longdoz, Bernard, Marek, Michal V., Matteucci, Giorgio, Mitosinkova, Marta, Moreaux, Virginie, Neftel, Albrecht, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Pilegaard, Kim, Pita, Gabriel, Sanz, Francisco, Schjoerring, Jan K., Sebastià, Maria-Teresa, Tang, Y. Sim, Uggerud, Hilde, Urbaniak, Marek, van Dijk, Netty, Vesala, Timo, Vidic, Sonja, Vincke, Caroline, Weidinger, Tamás, Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus, Nemitz, Eiko, Sutton, Mark A., Sol Agro et hydrosystème Spatialisation (SAS), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Edinburgh] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), School of Communication, Charles Sturt University [Australia], Department of Environmental & Geographical Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University (MMU), Department of Physics, Institute of Agricultural Sciences [Zürich], Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Unité de recherche Biogéochimie des Ecosystèmes Forestiers (BEF), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), Agro-BioTech Gembloux, Université de Liège, Unité de bioclimatologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Servizi Forestali, Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano, Agenzia per l'Ambiente, Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp (UA), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), INRES Bodenwissenschaften, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Meteorology, Faculty of Wood Technology, Poznan' University of Life Sciences, Poznan University of Life Sciences-Poznan University of Life Sciences, Climate and Global Change Research [Helsinki], Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Environment Engineering and Spatial Management, Department of Meteorology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Climate Research, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Biogéochimie et écologie des milieux continentaux (Bioemco), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire des Abeilles, Institute of Plant, Animal and Agroecosystem Sciences, NERC Centre of Ecology and Hydrology (CEH), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Edinburgh Research Station, Earth System Science and Climate Change Group, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Agronomy Institute, Technical University of Lisbon, Atmospheric Composition Research [Helsinki], Division of Ecosystems Processes Lab. of Plants Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology, Inst Agroenvironm & Forest Biol, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute (SHMU), Neftel Research Expertise, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Biosystems Division [Roskilde], Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy (Risø DTU), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU)-Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Mechanical Engineering Department, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Global Change (ECOFUN), Centre de Ciència i Tecnologia Forestal de Catalunya (CTFC), Department of Forest Sciences [Helsinki], Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Institute of Soil Sciences, Vienna, University of Vienna [Vienna], Bush Estate, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, GOCE-CT-2003-505572, Sixth Framework Programme, 282910, Seventh Framework Programme, European Project: 282910,EC:FP7:ENV,FP7-ENV-2011,ECLAIRE(2011), European Project: 28980,CARBOEUROPE-IP, AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU)-Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), IT University of Copenhagen, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Jonchère, Laurent, Effects of Climate Change on Air Pollution Impacts and Response Strategies for European Ecosystems - ECLAIRE - - EC:FP7:ENV2011-10-01 - 2015-09-30 - 282910 - VALID, ASSESSMENT OF THE EUROPEAN TERRESTRIAL CARBON BALANCE - CARBOEUROPE-IP - 28980 - OLD, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIE - Environmental Sciences
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, Evolution, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, TROPICAL FORESTS, Atmospheric Sciences, DRY DEPOSITION, Behavior and Systematics, QUALITY-CONTROL, greenhouse gases, ddc:550, BOREAL FORESTS, SDG 13 - Climate Action, LONG-TERM IMPACTSEDDY-COVARIANCEREACTIVE NITROGENDRY DEPOSITIONORGANIC NITROGENTROPICAL FORESTSQUALITY-CONTROLBOREAL FORESTSOXIDE FLUXESTREE GROWTH, REACTIVE NITROGEN, Biology, Earth-Surface Processes, ecosystem, TREE GROWTH, Ecology, Physics, LONG-TERM IMPACTS, European forest, EDDY-COVARIANCE, Chemistry, Earth sciences, ORGANIC NITROGEN, [SDE.MCG] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, semi-natural vegetation, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, carbon-nitrogen, OXIDE FLUXES
Abstract: The impact of atmospheric reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition on carbon (C) sequestration in soils and biomass of unfertilized, natural, semi-natural and forest ecosystems has been much debated. Many previous results of this dC∕dN response were based on changes in carbon stocks from periodical soil and ecosystem inventories, associated with estimates of Nr deposition obtained from large-scale chemical transport models. This study and a companion paper (Flechard et al., 2020) strive to reduce uncertainties of N effects on C sequestration by linking multi-annual gross and net ecosystem productivity estimates from 40 eddy covariance flux towers across Europe to local measurement-based estimates of dry and wet Nr deposition from a dedicated collocated monitoring network. To identify possible ecological drivers and processes affecting the interplay between C and Nr inputs and losses, these data were also combined with in situ flux measurements of NO, N2O and CH4 fluxes; soil NO−3 leaching sampling; and results of soil incubation experiments for N and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as well as surveys of available data from online databases and from the literature, together with forest ecosystem (BASFOR) modelling. Multi-year averages of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) in forests ranged from −70 to 826 g C m−2 yr−1 at total wet + dry inorganic Nr deposition rates (Ndep) of 0.3 to 4.3 g N m−2 yr−1 and from −4 to 361 g C m−2 yr−1 at Ndep rates of 0.1 to 3.1 g N m−2 yr−1 in short semi-natural vegetation (moorlands, wetlands and unfertilized extensively managed grasslands). The GHG budgets of the forests were strongly dominated by CO2 exchange, while CH4 and N2O exchange comprised a larger proportion of the GHG balance in short semi-natural vegetation. Uncertainties in elemental budgets were much larger for nitrogen than carbon, especially at sites with elevated Ndep where Nr leaching losses were also very large, and compounded by the lack of reliable data on organic nitrogen and N2 losses by denitrification. Nitrogen losses in the form of NO, N2O and especially NO−3 were on average 27 % (range 6 %–54 %) of Ndep at sites with Ndep 3 g N m−2 yr−1. Such large levels of Nr loss likely indicate that different stages of N saturation occurred at a number of sites. The joint analysis of the C and N budgets provided further hints that N saturation could be detected in altered patterns of forest growth. Net ecosystem productivity increased with Nr deposition up to 2–2.5 g N m−2 yr−1, with large scatter associated with a wide range in carbon sequestration efficiency (CSE, defined as the NEP ∕ GPP ratio). At elevated Ndep levels (> 2.5 g N m−2 yr−1), where inorganic Nr losses were also increasingly large, NEP levelled off and then decreased. The apparent increase in NEP at low to intermediate Ndep levels was partly the result of geographical cross-correlations between Ndep and climate, indicating that the actual mean dC∕dN response at individual sites was significantly lower than would be suggested by a simple, straightforward regression of NEP vs. Ndep. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support by the European Commission through the two FP6 integrated projects CarboEurope Integrated Project (project no. GOCE-CT-2003-505572) and NitroEurope Integrated Project (project no. 017841), the FP7 ECLAIRE project (grant agreement no. 282910), and the ABBA COST Action ES0804. We are also thankful for funding from the French GIP-ECOFOR consortium under the F-ORE-T forest observation and experimentation network, as well as from the MDM-2017-0714 Spanish grant. Computer time for EMEP model runs was supported by the Research Council of Norway through the NOTUR project EMEP (NN2890K). Finalization of the paper was supported by the UK Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UKSCAPE programme delivering national capability.
Published: 2020

41. Oligosaccharide Binding and Thermostability of Two Related AA9 Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases

Author: Kristian E. H. Frandsen, Leila Lo Leggio, Katja Salomon Johansen, Tobias Tandrup, Paul Dupree, Theodora Tryfona, IT University of Copenhagen, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques (BBF), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Novo Nordisk Foundation HOPE project NNF17SA0027704Carlsberg Foundation CF-16-0673 CF17-0533, European Project: 609398,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-COFUND,AGREENSKILLSPLUS(2014), and IT University of Copenhagen (ITU)
Subjects: Stereochemistry, Protein Conformation, substrate specificity, Sordariales, Oligosaccharides, Lentinula, 010402 general chemistry, Polysaccharide, Crystallography, X-Ray, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Mixed Function Oxygenases, Fungal Proteins, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Oligosaccharide binding, Chitin, Catalytic Domain, Enzyme Stability, structural biology, oligosaccharide, Glycoside hydrolase, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Binding site, 030304 developmental biology, Thermostability, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), Binding Sites, biology, Crystal structure, Temperature, Active site, Oligosaccharide, 0104 chemical sciences, 3. Good health, chemistry, ddc:540, biology.protein, Crystallization, Oxidation-Reduction, copper monooxygenase
Abstract: Biochemistry 59(36), 3347 - 3358 (2020). doi:10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00312, Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are copper-dependent enzymes which cleave polysaccharide substrates oxidatively. First discovered because of their action on recalcitrant crystalline substrates (chitin and cellulose) a number of LPMOs are now reported to act on soluble substrates including oligosaccharides. However, crystallographic complexes with oligosaccharides have only been reported for a single LPMO so far, an enzyme from the basidiomycete fungus Lentinus similis (LsAA9_A). Here we present a more detailed comparative study of LsAA9_A and an LPMO from the ascomycete fungus Collariella virescens (CvAA9_A) with which it shares 41.5% sequence identity. LsAA9_A is considerably more thermostable than CvAA9_A, and the structural basis for the difference has been investigated. We have compared the patterns of oligosaccharide cleavage and the patterns of binding in several new crystal structures explaining the basis for product preferences by the two enzymes. Obtaining structural information on complexes of LPMOs with carbohydrates has proven very difficult in general judging from the structures reported in the literature thus far and this can only partly be attributed to low affinity for small substrates. We have thus evaluated the use of differential scanning fluorimetry as a guide to obtaining complex structures. Furthermore, an analysis of crystal packing of LPMOs and glycoside hydrolases, corroborates the hypothesis that active site occlusion is a very significant problem for LPMO-substrate interaction analysis by crystallography, due to their relatively flat and extended substrate binding sites., Published by American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio
Published: 2020

42. The NORMAN Association and the European Partnership for Chemicals Risk Assessment (PARC): let's cooperate!

Author: Damià Barceló, Heinz Ruedel, Pawel Rostkowski, Dorte Herzke, Magnus Engwall, Despo Fatta-Kassinos, Brendan McHugh, Martin Schlabach, Marion Junghans, Susanne Boutroup, Cecile Miege, Miren López de Alda, Anneli Kruve, Valeria Dulio, Pablo Gago-Ferrero, Bert van Bavel, Benjamin Lopez, Klára Hilscherová, Nikolaos S. Thomaidis, Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern, Peter Tarábek, Branislav Vrana, Jarmila Makovinská, Jonathan W. Martin, Adrian Covaci, Sara Valsecchi, Lutz Ahrens, Manfred Sengl, Ian Allan, Adèle Bressy, Lian Lundy, Jan Koschorreck, Stefano Polesello, Werner Brack, John Munthe, Peter C. von der Ohe, Ionan Marigómez, Lubos Cirka, Henner Hollert, Félix Hernández, Marlene Ågerstrand, Pernilla Bohlin-Nizzetto, Stefan P.J. van Leeuwen, Steffen Keiter, Reza Aalizadeh, Dorien Ten Hulscher, Leo Posthuma, Ivo Roessink, Juliane Hollender, Katrin Vorkamp, Tobias Schulze, Simon O’Toole, Dimitra A. Lambropoulou, Milou M.L. Dingemans, Paul J. Van den Brink, Stefan A. E. Kools, Marja H. Lamoree, Nikiforos A. Alygizakis, Anja Derksen, Anne Togola, Sara Rodríguez-Mozaz, Jaroslav Slobodnik, Geneviève Deviller, Saer Samanipour, Pim E.G. Leonards, Noora Perkola, Emma L. Schymanski, Jan H. Christensen, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), German Federal Environmental Agency / Umweltbundesamt (UBA), Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute Ltd, Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Stockholm University, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Environmental Institute, s.r.o. (EI), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Aarhus University [Aarhus], Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Laboratoire Eau Environnement et Systèmes Urbains (LEESU), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), EI - Environmental Institute, s.r.o, Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp (UA), AD Eco Advies, DERAC Environmental Risk Assessment Chem, KWR Watercycle Research Institute, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences [Utrecht, The Netherlands] (IRAS), Utrecht University [Utrecht], ‎ SWACCS - Swedish Acad Consortia Chem Safety, Örebro University, University of Cyprus [Nicosia] (UCY), INSTITUT CATALA DE RECERCA DE L'AIGUA GIRONA ESP, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Universitat Jaume I, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment [Brno] (RECETOX / MUNI), Faculty of Science [Brno] (SCI / MUNI), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI)-Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University (RWTH), Ctr Ecotox Eawag, EPFL ENAC IIE GE, Stn 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), University of Bath [Bath], Örebro University Hospital [Örebro, Sweden], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Luleå University of Technology (LUT), Middlesex University, VUVH Water Research Institute, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Marine Inst, Galway, Ireland., Riverly (Riverly), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), CNR-IRSA,UOS Brugherio, Brugherio, Italy, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Radboud University [Nijmegen], Instituto Catalán de Investigación del Agua - ICRA (SPAIN) (ICRA), HELMHOLTZ CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH UFZ LEIPZIG DEU, University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Centre for Environmental Research, University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], Bavarian Environment Agency (LfU), Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment, Department of Chemistry, CNR Water Research Institute (IRSA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Environmental Institute, Roessnik, Ivo, IT University of Copenhagen, University of Cyprus [Nicosia], Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen (RWTH), University of the Basque Country [Bizkaia] (UPV/EHU), Radboud university [Nijmegen], E&H: Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, AIMMS, E&H: Environmental Bioanalytical Chemistry, Amsterdam Sustainability Institute, and Publica
Subjects: Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Knowledge management, Plan (drawing), 010501 environmental sciences, NORMAN network, 01 natural sciences, suspect screening, Underdevelopment, BU Contaminants & Toxins, non-target screening, Multidisciplinary, general & others [G99] [Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences], high-resolution mass spectrometry, bioassays, Multidisciplinaire, général & autres [G99] [Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre], Comparability, Environmental Sciences (social aspects to be 507), Environmental monitoring, Suspect screening, Miljövetenskap, Pollution, Contaminants of emerging concern, Chemistry, High‑resolution mass spectrometry, General partnership, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Chemical risk assessment and prioritisation, contaminants of emerging concern, Risk assessment, effect-based methods, Environmental Risk Assessment, High-resolution mass spectrometry, Association (object-oriented programming), BU Contaminanten & Toxines, Effect‑based methods, in-vitro, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, framework, Biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, environmental monitoring, Non‑target screening, emerging contaminants, WIMEK, business.industry, chemical risk assessment and prioritisation, Effect-based methods, 010401 analytical chemistry, prediction, Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer, 0104 chemical sciences, water extracts, 13. Climate action, Data quality, recommendations, Early warning system, Non-target screening, business, Environmental Sciences
Abstract: © The Author(s) 2020., The Partnership for Chemicals Risk Assessment (PARC) is currently under development as a joint research and innovation programme to strengthen the scientific basis for chemical risk assessment in the EU. The plan is to bring chemical risk assessors and managers together with scientists to accelerate method development and the production of necessary data and knowledge, and to facilitate the transition to next-generation evidence-based risk assessment, a non-toxic environment and the European Green Deal. The NORMAN Network is an independent, well-established and competent network of more than 80 organisations in the field of emerging substances and has enormous potential to contribute to the implementation of the PARC partnership. NORMAN stands ready to provide expert advice to PARC, drawing on its long experience in the development, harmonisation and testing of advanced tools in relation to chemicals of emerging concern and in support of a European Early Warning System to unravel the risks of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and close the gap between research and innovation and regulatory processes. In this commentary we highlight the tools developed by NORMAN that we consider most relevant to supporting the PARC initiative: (i) joint data space and cutting-edge research tools for risk assessment of contaminants of emerging concern; (ii) collaborative European framework to improve data quality and comparability; (iii) advanced data analysis tools for a European early warning system and (iv) support to national and European chemical risk assessment thanks to harnessing, combining and sharing evidence and expertise on CECs. By combining the extensive knowledge and experience of the NORMAN network with the financial and policy-related strengths of the PARC initiative, a large step towards the goal of a non-toxic environment can be taken.
Published: 2020

43. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A single-cell resolution unraveling the complexity of the tumor microenvironment

Author: Luca Fabris, Laura Fouassier, Jesper B. Andersen, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova = Hospital-University of Padua (AOUP), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), University Hospital of Padua, Yale University School of Medicine, IT University of Copenhagen, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CR Saint-Antoine), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cell, Bile Duct Neoplasm, Biology, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Tumor Microenvironment, Humans, tumor-stroma interactions, cholangiocytes, Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Tumor microenvironment, cholangiocarcinoma, tumor-stroma interactions, cholangiocytes, Hepatology, Resolution (electron density), [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.anatomical_structure, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic, Bile Duct Neoplasms, Cancer research, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, cholangiocarcinoma
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

44. Proportion of High-Risk/Very High-Risk Patients in Europe with Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol at Target According to European Guidelines:A Systematic Review

Author: Eric Bruckert, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Periklis Giovas, Klaus G. Parhofer, Kausik K. Ray, Jose Ramon Gonzalez-Juanatey, Marcello Arca, Service d’Endocrinologie, Métabolisme et Prévention des Risques Cardio-Vasculaires [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut E3M [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Klinikum der Universitat Munchen, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), IT University of Copenhagen, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Imperial College London, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Service d'Endocrinologie, Métabolisme et Prévention des Maladies Cardio-vasculaires [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), and Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)
Subjects: Adult, Male, 030213 general clinical medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, LDL-C targets, Medication Therapy Management, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], High-risk, MEDLINE, Review, Disease, Guidelines, Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, General Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular disease, Systematic review, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, business.industry, Cholesterol, LDL, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Rheumatology, 3. Good health, Europe, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Cardiovascular Diseases, Sample size determination, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Female, Observational study, 1115 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, business, Very high risk, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Objective Assess achievement of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets in European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) guidelines. Design Systematic literature review. Data Sources Medline, EMBASE, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Eligibility Criteria Observational studies reporting LDL-C levels/target attainment, measured between 1 August 2006 to 31 August 2017, in European adults with established cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes with target organ damage, familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) or 10-year risk of fatal CVD ≥ 5% (assessed by Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation [SCORE]). Data Extraction and Synthesis Two reviewers independently extracted relevant studies and assessed study quality using the Risk of Bias for Non-Randomised Studies–Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients achieving LDL-C targets in the 2011/2016 ESC/EAS guidelines. Where available, patient characteristics were presented as means weighted by sample size. The proportions of patients achieving LDL-C targets in the 5 years before and after publication of the 2011 guidelines were compared using a chi-square test. Results Across 81 eligible studies (303,534 patients), achievement of LDL-C
Published: 2020

45. TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Author: Kattge, J., Bonisch, G., Diaz, S., Lavorel, S., Prentice, I. C., Leadley, P., Tautenhahn, S., Werner, G. D. A., Aakala, T., Abedi, M., Acosta, A. T. R., Adamidis, G. C., Adamson, K., Aiba, M., Albert, C. H., Alcantara, J. M., Alcazar, C C., Aleixo, I., Ali, H., Amiaud, B., Ammer, C., Amoroso, M. M., Anand, M., Anderson, C., Anten, N., Antos, J., Apgaua, D. M. G., Ashman, T. L., Asmara, D. H., Asner, G. P., Aspinwall, M., Atkin, O., Aubin, I., Baastrup-Spohr, L., Bahalkeh, K., Bahn, M., Baker, T., Baker, W. J., Bakker, J. P., Baldocchi, D., Baltzer, J., Banerjee, A., Baranger, A., Barlow, J., Barneche, D. R., Baruch, Z., Bastianelli, D., Battles, J., Bauerle, W., Bauters, M., Bazzato, E., Beckmann, M., Beeckman, H., Beierkuhnlein, C., Bekker, R., Belfry, G., Belluau, M., Beloiu, M., Benavides, R., Benomar, L., Berdugo-Lattke, M. L., Berenguer, E., Bergamin, R., Bergmann, J., Bergmann Carlucci, M., Berner, L., Bernhardt Romermann, M., Bigler, C., Bjorkman, A. D., Blackman, C., Blanco, C., Blonder, B., Blumenthal, D., Bocanegra Gonzalez, K. T., Boeckx, P., Bohlman, S., Bohning Gaese, K., Boisvert Marsh, L., Bond, W., Bond-Lamberty, B., Boom, A., Boonman, C. C. F., Bordin, K., Boughton, E. H., Boukili, V., Bowman, D. M. J. S., Bravo, S., Brende, l M. R., Broadley, M. R., Brown, K. A., Bruelheide, H., Brumnich, F., Bruun, H. H., Bruy, D., Buchanan, S. W., Bucher, S. F., Buchmann, N., Buitenwerf, R., Bunker, D. E., Burge, r J., Burrascano, S., Burslem, D. F. R. P., Butterfield, B. J., Byun, C., Marques, M., Scalon, M. C., Caccianiga, M., Cadotte, M., Cailleret, M., Camac, J., Camarero, J. J., Campany, C., Campetella, G., Campos, J. A., Cano Arboleda, L., Canullo, R., Carbognani, M., Carvalho, F., Casanoves, F., Castagneyrol, B., Catford, J. A., Cavender Bares, J., Cerabolini, B. E. L., Cervellini, M., Chacon Madrigal, E., Chapin, K., Chapin, F. S., Chelli, S., Chen, S. C., Chen, A., Cherubini, P., Chianucci, F., Choat, B., Chung, K. S., Chytry, M., Ciccarelli, D., Coll, L., Collins, C. G., Conti, L., Coomes, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Cornwell, W. K., Corona, P., Coyea, M., Craine, J., Craven, D., Cromsigt, J. P. G. M., Csecserits, A., Cufar, K., Cuntz, M., da Silva, A. C., Dahlin, K. M., Dainese, M., Dalke, I., Dalle Fratte, M., Dang Le, A. T., Danihelka, J., Dannoura, M., Dawson, S., de Beer, A. J., De Frutos, A., De Long, J. R., Dechant, B., Delagrange, S., Delpierre, N., Derroire, G., Dias, A. S., Diaz Toribio, M. H., Dimitrakopoulos, P. G., Dobrowolski, M., Doktor, D., Drevojan, P., Dong, N., Dransfield, J., Dressler, S., Duarte, L., Ducouret, E., Dullinger, S., Durka, W., Duursma, R., Dymova, O., E- Vojtko, A., Eckstein, R. L., Ejtehadi, H., Elser, J., Emilio, T., Engemann, K., Erfanian, M. B., Erfmeier, A., Esquivel Muelbert, A., Esser, G., Estiarte, M., Domingues, T. F., Fagan, W. F., Fagundez, J., Falster, D. S., Fan, Y., Fang, J., Farris, E., Fazlioglu, F., Feng, Y., Fernandez, Mendez, Ferrara, C., Ferreira, J., Fidelis, A., Finegan, B., Firn, J., Flowers, T. J., Flynn, D. F. B., Fontana, V., Forey, E., Forgiarini, C., Francois, L., Frangipani, M., Frank, D., Frenette Dussault, C., Freschet, G. T., Fry, E. L., Fyllas, N. M., Mazzochini, G. G., Gachet, S., Gallagher, R., Ganade, G., Ganga, F., Garcia Palacios, P., Gargaglione, V., Garnier, E., Garrido, J. L., de Gasper, A. L., Gea Izquierdo, G., Gibson, D., Gillison, A. N., Giroldo, A., Glasenhardt, M. C., Gleason, S., Gliesch, M., Goldberg, E., Goldel, B., Gonzalez Akre, E., Gonzalez Andujar, J. L., Gonzalez Melo, A., Gonzalez Robles, A., Graae, B. J., Granda, E., Graves, S., Green, W. A., Gregor, T., Gross, N., Guerin, G. R., Gunther, A., Gutierrez, A. G., Haddock, L., Haines, A., Hall, J., Hambuckers, A., Han, W., Harrison, S. P., Hattingh, W., Hawes, J. E., He, T., He, P., Heberling, J. M., Helm, A., Hempel, S., Hentschel, J., Herault, B., Heres, A. M., Herz, K., Heuertz, M., Hickler, T., Hietz, P., Higuchi, P., Hipp, A. L., Hirons, A., Hock, M., Hogan, J. A., Holl, K., Honnay, O., Hornstein, D., Hou, E., Hough Snee, N., Hovstad, K. A., Ichie, T., Igic, B., Illa, E., Isaac, M., Ishihara, M., Ivanov, L., Ivanova, L., Iversen, C. M., Izquierdo, J., Jackson, R. B., Jackson, B., Jactel, H., Jagodzinsk, A. M., Jandt, U., Jansen, S., Jenkins, T., Jentsch, A., Jespersen, J. R. P., Jiang, G. F., Johansen, J. L., Johnson, D., Jokela, E. J., Joly, C. A., Jordan, G. J., Joseph, G. S., Junaedi, D., Junker, R. R., Justes, E., Kabzems, R., Kane, J., Kaplan, Z., Kattenborn, T., Kavelenova, L., Kearsley, E., Kempel, A., Kenzo, T., Kerkhoff, A., Khalil, M. I., Kinlock, N. L., Kissling, W. D., Kitajima, K., Kitzberger, T., Kjoller, R., Klein, T., Kleyer, M., Klimesova, J., Klipel, J., Kloeppel, B., Klotz, S., Knops, J. M. H., Kohyama, T., Koike, F., Kollmann, J., Komac, B., Komatsu, K., Konig, C., Kraft, N. J. B., Kramer, K., Kreft, H., Kuhn, I., Kumarathune, D., Kuppler, J., Kurokawa, H., Kurosawa, Y., Kuyah, S., Laclau, J. P., Lafleur, B., Lallai, E., Lamb, E., Lamprecht, A., Larkin, D. J., Laughlin, D., Le Bagousse Pinguet, Y., le Maire, G., le Roux, P. C., le Roux, E., Lee, T., Lens, F., Lewis, S. L., Lhotsky, B., Li, Y., Li, X., Lichstein, J. W., Liebergesell, M., Lim, J. Y., Lin, Y. S., Linares, Y. C., Liu, C., Liu, D., Liu, U., Livingstone, S., Llusia, J., Lohbeck, M., Lopez Garcia, A., Lopez Gonzalez, G., Lososov, a Z., Louault, F., Lukacs, B. A., Lukes, P., Luo, Y., Lussu, M., Ma, S., Maciel Rabelo Pereira, C., Mack, M., Maire, V., Makela, A., Makinen, H., Malhado, A. C. M., Mallik, A., Manning, P., Manzoni, S., Marchetti, Z., Marchino, L., Marcilio Silva, V., Marcon, E., Marignani, M., Markesteijn, L., Martin, A., Martinez Garza, C., Martinez Vilalta, J., Maskova, T., Mason, K., Mason, N., Massad, T. J., Masse, J., Mayrose, I., Mccarthy, J., Mccormack, M. L., Mcculloh, K., Mcfadden, I., Mcgill, B. J., Mcpartland, M. Y., Medeiros, J., Medlyn, B., Meerts, P., Mehrabi, Z., Meir, P., Melo, F., P. L., Mencuccini, M., Meredieu, C., Messier, J., Meszaros, I., Metsaranta, J., Michaletz, S. T., Michelaki, C., Migalina, S., Milla, R., Miller, J., E. D., Minden, V., Ming, R., Mokany, K., Moles, A. T., Molnar, A., Molofsky, J., Molz, M., Montgomery, R. A., Monty, A., Moravcova, L., Moreno Martinez, A., Moretti, M., Mori, A. S., Mori, S., Morris, D., Morrison, J., Mucina, L., Mueller, S., Muir, C. D., Muller, S. C., Munoz, F., Myers Smith, I. H., Myster, R. W., Nagano, M., Naidu, S., Narayanan, A., Natesan, B., Negoita, L., Nelson, A. S., Neuschulz, E. L., Ni, J., Niedrist, G., Nieto, J., Niinemets, U., Nolan, R., Nottebrock, H., Nouvellon, Y., Novakovskiy, A., Nystuen, K. O., O'Grady, A., O'Hara, K., O'Reilly Nugent, A., Oakley, S., Oberhuber, W., Ohtsuka, T., Oliveira, R., Ollerer, K., Olson, M. E., Onipchenko, V., Onoda, Y., Onstein, R. E., Ordonez, J. C., Osada, N., Ostonen, I., Ottaviani, G., Otto, S., Overbeck, G. E., Ozinga, W. A., Pahl, A. T., Paine, C. E. T., Pakeman, R. J., Papageorgiou, A. C., Parfionova, E., Partel, M., Patacca, M., Paula, S., Paule, J., Pauli, H., Pausas, J., Peco, B., Penuelas, J., Perea, A., Peri, P. L., Petisco Souza, A. C., Petraglia, A., Petritan, A. M., Phillips, O. L., Pierce, S., Pillar, V. D., Pisek, J., Pomogaybin, A., Poorter, H., Portsmuth, A., Poschlod, P., Potvin, C., Pounds, D., Powell, A., Power, S. A., Prinzing, A., Puglielli, G., Pysek, P., Raevel, V., Rammig, A., Ransijn, J., Ray, C. A., Reich, P. B., Reichstein, M., Reid, D. E. B., Rejou Mechain, M., de Dios, V. R., Ribeiro, S., Richardson, S., Riibak, K., Rillig, M. C., Riviera, F., Robert, E. M. R., Roberts, S., Robroek, B., Roddy, A., Rodrigues, A. V., Rogers, A., Rollinson, E., Rolo, V., Romermann, C., Ronzhina, D., Roscher, C., Rosell, J. A., Rosenfield, M. F., Rossi, C., Roy, D. B., Royer Tardif, S., Ruger, N., Ruiz Peinado, R., Rumpf, S. B., Rusch, G. M., Ryo, M., Sack, L., Saldana, A., Salgado Negret, B., Salguero Gomez, R., Santa Regina, I., Santacruz Garcia, A. C., Santos, J., Sardans, J., Schamp, B., Scherer Lorenzen, M., Schleuning, M., Schmid, B., Schmidt, M., Schmitt, S., Schneider, J. V., Schowanek, S. D., Schrader, J., Schrodt, F., Schuldt, B., Schurr, F., Selaya Garvizu, G., Semchenko, M., Seymour, C., Sfair, J. C., Sharpe, J. M., Sheppard, C. S., Sheremetiev, S., Shiodera, S., Shipley, B., Shovon, T. A., Siebenkas, A., Sierra, C., Silva, V., Silva, M., Sitzia, T., Sjoman, H., Slot, M., Smith, N. G., Sodhi, D., Soltis, P., Soltis, D., Somers, B., Sonnier, G., Sorensen, M. V., Sosinski, E. E., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Souza, A. F., Spasojevic, M., Sperandii, M. G., Stan, A. B., Stegen, J., Steinbauer, K., Stephan, J. G., Sterck, F., Stojanovic, D. B., Strydom, T., Suarez, M. L., Svenning, J. C., Svitkova, I., Svitok, M., Svoboda, M., Swaine, E., Swenson, N., Tabarelli, M., Takagi, K., Tappeiner, U., Tarifa, R., Tauugourdeau, S., Tavsanoglu, C., te Beest, M., Tedersoo, L., Thiffault, N., Thom, D., Thomas, E., Thompson, K., Thornton, P. E., Thuiller, W., Tichy, L., Tissue, D., Tjoelker, M. G., Tng, D. Y. P., Tobias, J., Torok, P., Tarin, T., Torres Ruiz, J. M., Tothmeresz, B., Treurnicht, M., Trivellone, V., Trolliet, F., Trotsiuk, V., Tsakalos, J. L., Tsiripidis, I., Tysklind, N., Umehara, T., Usoltsev, V., Vadeboncoeur, M., Vaezi, J., Valladares, F., Vamosi, J., van Bodegom, P. M., van Breugel, M., Van Cleemput, E., van de Weg, M., van der Merwe, S., van der Plas, F., van der Sande, M. T., van Kleunen, M., Van Meerbeek, K., Vanderwel, M., Vanselow, K. A., Varhammar, A., Varone, L., Vasquez Valderrama, M. Y., Vassilev, K., Vellend, M., Veneklaas, E. J., Verbeeck, H., Verheyen, K., Vibrans, A., Vieira, I., Villacis, J., Violle, C., Vivek, P., Wagner, K., Waldram, M., Waldron, A., Walker, A . P., Waller, M., Walther, G., Wang, H., Wang, F., Wang, W., Watkins, H., Watkins, J., Weber, U., Weedon, J. T., Wei, L., Weigelt, P., Weiher, E., Wells, A. W., Wellstein, C., Wenk, E., Westoby, M., Westwood, A., White, P. J., Whitten, M., Williams, M., Winkler, D. E., Winter, K., Womack, C., Wright, I. J., Wright, S. J., Wright, J., Pinho, B. X., Ximenes, F., Yamada, T., Yamaji, K., Yanai, R., Yankov, N., Yguel, B., Zanini, K. J., Zanne, A. E., Zeleny, D., Zhao, Y. P., Zheng, J., Zieminska, K., Zirbel, C. R., Zizka, G., Zo Bi, I. C., Zotz, G., Wirth, C., Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux (UMR SELMET), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant - Clermont Auvergne (PIAF), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), SILVA (SILVA), AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Ecologie fonctionnelle et biogéochimie des sols et des agro-écosystèmes (UMR Eco&Sols), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Unité Expérimentale Forêt Pierroton (UEFP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Max Planck SocietyFoundation CELLEX German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig International Programme of Biodiversity Science (DIVERSITAS) International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) French Foundation for Biodiversity Research (FRB) GIS 'Climat, Environnement et Societe' France AXA Research Fund NERC Natural Environment Research Council Future Earth, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal [Córdoba] (IMBIV), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales [Córdoba], Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina]-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba [Argentina], Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Imperial College London, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Zoology [Oxford], University of Oxford, Balliol College, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran], Università degli Studi Roma Tre = Roma Tre University (ROMA TRE), Department of Environment [Aegean], University of the Aegean, Institute of Ecology and Evolution [Bern, Switzerland], University of Bern, University of Tartu, Tohoku University [Sendai], Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Jaén (UJA), Instituto Alexander Von Humboldt, Bogota, Colombia, National Institute of Amazonian Research (INPA), Manaus, Brazil, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement - Antenne Colmar (LAE-Colmar ), Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement (LAE), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Forest Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use [University of Göttingen] (CBL), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos Naturales, Agroecología y Desarrollo Rural (IRNAD), Universidad Nacional de Río Negro, El Bolsón, Argentina, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA, University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Victoria [Canada] (UVIC), College of Science & Engineering, James Cook University, Smithfield, Qld, Australia, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, Centre for Forest Research, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA, University of North Florida [Jacksonville] (UNF), Australian National University (ANU), Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada, Department of Biology [Copenhagen], Faculty of Science [Copenhagen], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Department of Ecology [Innsbruck], Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, University of Leeds, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, UK, Conservation Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Biology Department, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada, Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA, AgroParisTech, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, University of Exeter, University of Adelaide, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Università degli Studi di Cagliari = University of Cagliari (UniCa), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), Groningen Institute of Archaeology (GIA), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Crested Butte, CO, USA, Département des Science, Université du Québec À Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, Department of Biogeography, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales [Madrid] (MNCN), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota, Colombia, Fundación Natura, Bogota, Colombia, Environmental Change Institute, Laboratório de Estudos em Vegetação Campestre (LEVCamp), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany, Laboratório de Ecologia Funcional de Comunidades (LABEF), Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems (SICCS), Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany, ETH Zurich, Universitatstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland, University of Gothenburg (GU), Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l’Arbre en environnement Fluctuant (PIAF), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA, USDA-ARS Rangeland Resources & Systems Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO, USA, Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Dinámica de Ecosistémas Tropicales - Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia, Laboratory of Applied Physical Chemistry - ISOFYS (Gent, Belgium), School of Forest Resources and Conservation [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS|FFGS), Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences [Gainesville] (UF|IFAS), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF)-University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, SAEON Fynbos Node, Claremont, South Africa, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, College Park, MD, USA, University of Leicester, Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal (LEVEG), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, Archbold Biological Station’s Buck Island Ranch, FL, Lake Placid, USA, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA, University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina, Universität Hohenheim, School of Geography, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK, Department of Geography and Geology, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, UK, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Hídricas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FICH-UNL), Santa Fe, Argentina, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie]), University of Toronto at Scarborough, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, Center for Biodiversity Dynamics in a Changing World (BIOCHANGE), Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, New Jersey Institute of Technology [Newark] (NJIT), University of Rostock, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK, Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, Departamento de Botânica, SCB, UFPR – Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil, Centro Politécnico, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Risques, Ecosystèmes, Vulnérabilité, Environnement, Résilience (RECOVER), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Centre of Excellence for Bioscurity Risk Analysis, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA, School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, Plant Diversity and Ecosystems Management Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), Departamento de Geociencias y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellin, Colombia, Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza - Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center (CATIE), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Geography, King’s College London, London, UK, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), University of Arizona, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew], Department of Biology [Fort Collins], Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Birmensdorf, Switzerland, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, CREA – Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Arezzo, Italy, Western Sydney University, ungwon University, Goesan, Chungbuk, Korea, Department of Botany and Zoology [Brno] (SCI / MUNI), Faculty of Science [Brno] (SCI / MUNI), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI)-Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering (EAGROF), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain, Joint Research Unit CTFC – AGROTECNIO, Solsona, Spain, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Life Sciences Prague, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Systems Ecology, Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada, Jonah Ventures, Boulder, CO, USA, Centro de Modelación y Monitoreo de Ecosistemas, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile, Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Ljubljana, Santa Catarina State University, Lages, SC, Brazil, Department of Geography, Environment, and Spatial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA, Eurac Research, Institute for Alpine Environment, Bozen-Bolzano, Italy, Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic, Russia, University of Science – Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Swedish Species Information Centre, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany, Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands, Department Computational Landscape Ecology [UFZ Leipsig], Department Computational Hydrosystems, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Institute of Temperate Forest Sciences (ISFORT), Ripon, QC, Canada, UQO, Department of Natural Sciences, Ripon, QC, Canada, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), The University of Western Australia (UWA), School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Department of Botany and Molecular Evolution, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Universität Wien, Karlstad University [Sweden], Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Programa Nacional de Pós-Doutorado (PNPD), Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas UNICAMP, Institute for Ecosystem Research/Geobotany, Kiel University, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Birmingham], University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-CSIC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), FFCLRP-USP, Department of Biology [USA], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, University of A Coruña (UDC), School of Physics [UNSW Sydney] (UNSW), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), University of Peking, Peking University [Beijing], Università degli Studi di Sassari = University of Sassari [Sassari] (UNISS), Ordu University - Ordu Üniversitesi, Lanzhou University, Universidad del Tolima, Research Centre for Forestry and Wood, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria = Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigacion y Ensenanza (CATIE), Queensland University of Technology [Brisbane] (QUT), University of Sussex, Harvard University, Institute for Alpine Environment, European Academy of Bozen-Bolzano (EURAC), Étude et compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de Physique Atmosphérique et Planétaire (LPAP), Université de Liège, Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Station d'écologie théorique et expérimentale (SETE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, University of Manchester [Manchester], Universidade Estadual de Campinas = University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Macquarie University, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte [Natal] (UFRN), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA), Universidade Regional de Blumenau (FURB), INIA-CIFOR, Southern Illinois University [Carbondale] (SIU), Center for Biodiversity Management, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Cearà, The Morton Arboretum, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Centre Supérieur de la Recherche Scientifique (CSIC), Centre Supérieur de la Recherche Scientifique, Universidad del Rosario [Bogota], Norwegian University of Science and Technology [Trondheim] (NTNU), Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Université Paris Sud (Paris 11), Senckenberg Research Institutes and Natural History Museums, Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Joint Global Change Research Institute, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)-University of Maryland [College Park], Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, University of Liege, Université de Liège - Gembloux, Institut Pasteur de Shanghai, Académie des Sciences de Chine - Chinese Academy of Sciences (IPS-CAS), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), University of Bristol [Bristol], University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Murdoch University, Carnegie Museum of Natural History [Pittsburgh], Transilvania University of Brasov, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien = University of Natural Resources and Life [Vienne, Autriche] (BOKU), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), University Centre Myerscough, Kiel University, Florida International University [Miami] (FIU), Division of Plant Ststematic and Ecology, Biology department, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), University of Applied Sciences of Weihenstephan, Four Peaks Environmental Science and Data Solutions, Norsk institutt for bioøkonomi=Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Kochi University of Technology (KUT), University of Illinois [Chicago] (UIC), University of Illinois System, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Kyoto University, Tyumen State University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory [Oak Ridge] (ORNL), UT-Battelle, LLC, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Stanford University, University of Edinburgh, Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Philips Research Europe - Hamburg, Sector Medical Imaging Systems, Philips Research, Institute for Systematic Botany and Ecology, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Bayreuth, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Guangxi Normal University, University College of London [London] (UCL), Hobart - Tasmania 7001, University of Venda [South Africa] (UNIVEN), University of Melbourne, Philipps Universität Marburg = Philipps University of Marburg, Agrosystèmes Cultivés et Herbagers (ARCHE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development, Humboldt State University (HSU), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Samara National Research University, Institute of Plant Sciences, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Kenyon College, University of Garmian, State University of New York (SUNY), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Agricultural Research Organization, Landscape Ecology Group, University of Oldenburg, Western Carolina University, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University [Suzhou], Hokkaido University [Sapporo, Japan], Yokohama National University, Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Institut d Estudis Andorrans, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC), Humboldt University Of Berlin, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology and Biogeography, Yamagata University, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Institute of Mountain Risk Engineering - Vienna, Austria, University of Wyoming (UW), Département Performances des systèmes de production et de transformation tropicaux (Cirad-PERSYST), Nelson Mandela University [Port Elizabeth], University of Wisconsin - Eau Claire, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Département de biologie [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Faculté des sciences [Sherbrooke] (UdeS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS)-Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Yangzhou University, Leipzig University, University Pablo de Olavide, Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Shanghai], Royal Botanical Gardens, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen Egyetem [Debrecen]-Research Centre for Molecular Medicine-Medical and Health Science Centre, Global Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Natural Resources Institute Finland (LUKE), Universidade Federal de Alagoas = Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Lakehead University, Stockholm University, Universidad Nacional del Litoral [Santa Fe] (UNL), Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Bangor University, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research [Lincoln], Gorongosa National Park, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Tel Aviv University (TAU), University of Queensland [Brisbane], University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Maine, Holden Arboretum, Hawkesbury Institute for he Environment, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Végétale et Biogéochimie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), University of British Columbia (UBC), Research School of Biology, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Tucson] (EEB), University of Debrecen, Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service - CFS (CANADA), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], Data61 [Canberra] (CSIRO), Australian National University (ANU)-Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), University of Debrecen Egyetem [Debrecen], University of Vermont [Burlington], Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul, University of Montana, Institut de RadioAstronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], University of Hawaii, Institut Français de Pondichéry (IFP), Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oklahoma State University [Stillwater] (OSU), Osaka City University, Charles Darwin Research Station (CDRS), Charles Darwin Foundation, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Zhejiang Normal University, European Academy of Bolzano, Universidad Distrital Francisco Jose de Caldas [Bogota], University of Bayreuth, Institute of Biology of Komi Scientific Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), CSIRO Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), University of Canberra, CEH, Department of Systems and Science, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University-Kyoto University, Departamento de Telemática, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação (DT/FEEC), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Moscow State University, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Meijo University, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences [Tartu], Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences (ASU / CAS), University of Nijmegen, University of New England (UNE), The James Hutton Institute, Democritus University of Thrace (DUTH), Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, University of Vienna [Vienna], Center for Desertification Research (CIDE), Universitat de València (UV), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Université de Jaén, National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry, Department of Plant Production (University of Milan), Tartu Observatory, Botanical Garden of the Samara University, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Tallinn University, Universität Regensburg (REGENSBURG), Universität Regensburg, School of Social Sciences [Cardiff], Cardiff University, Estonian University of Life Sciences (EMU), Sch Life Sci Weihenstephan, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Research Institute for Networks and Communications Engineering (RINCE), Dublin City University [Dublin] (DCU)-Science Foundation Ireland-Enterprise Ireland-Higher Education Authority-School of Electronic Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology [Mianyang] (SWUST), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Centre méditérannéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Mississippi State University [Mississippi], University of Southampton, Yale University [New Haven], Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton, NY] (BNL), UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY)-U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE), East Stroudsburg University, INDEHESA, Forestry School, Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Institute of Physical Geography [Frankfurt am Main], Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Lake Ecosystems Group [Lancaster, U.K.] (Centre for Ecology & Hydrology), Lancaster Environment Centre [Lancaster, U.K.], University of Valladolid, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA), Universidade de Coimbra [Coimbra], Algoma University, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), University of Würzburg = Universität Würzburg, Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), Herencia, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Federal University of Pernambuco [Recife], Sharplex Services, University of Hohenheim, Komarov Botanical Institute RAS, Center for Sustainability Science, Hokkaido, Département de Biologie, University of Regina (UR), Technische Universität Ilmenau (TU ), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Universidade Federal de Lavras = Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Department of Biology [Gainesville] (UF|Biology), Texas Tech University [Lubbock] (TTU), Florida Museum of Natural History [Gainesville], KU Leuven, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia [Brasília], Universiteit Leiden, University of California [Riverside] (UC Riverside), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, (BOKU) and Competence Centre Wood K plus, University of Novi Sad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente [Bariloche] (INIBIOMA-CONICET), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), Slovak Academy of Sciences (SAS), Technical University in Zvolen (TUZVO), Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague (CZU), University of Aberdeen, University of Maryland System, Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Estacion Experimental de Zonas Aridas, Hacettepe University = Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Centre for Forest Research (CFR), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Bioversity International [Montpellier], Bioversity International [Rome], Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Department of Animal and Plant Sciences [Sheffield], University of Sheffield [Sheffield], The School for Field Studies, Quantum Optics and Laser Science, Blackett Laboratory, Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London-Imperial College London, University of Delaware [Newark], Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Research Group, Stellenbosch University, Czech University of Life Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Osaka Natural History Center, Ural State Forest Engineering University, University of New Hampshire (UNH), University of Calgary, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment [Richmond] (HIE), Computational & Applied Vegetation Ecology (CAVElab), Dept Forest & Water Management, Lab Forestry, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA [Belém, Brazil] (UFPA), State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Fudan University [Shanghai], Department of Ecological Science [Amsterdam], Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Biology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Dpt Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Duke University [Durham], IFP Energies nouvelles (IFPEN), Department of Primary Industries, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF), Biological Sciences Department (BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT), Nanjing University (NJU), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Zhejiang University, Beijing Forestry University, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Universität Leipzig, Max Planck Fellow Program for Christian Wirth, the International Programme of Biodiversity Science (DIVERSITAS), the International Geosphere‐Biosphere Programme (IGBP), Future Earth, the French Foundation for Biodiversity Research (FRB), and GIS ‘Climat, Environnement et Société’ France, JENS KATTGE, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, GERMANY, ELLEN L. FRY, UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE, BELGIUM, NIKOLAOS M. FYLLAS, UNIVERSITY OF THE AEGEAN, GREECE, GERHARD BÖNISCH, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, GERMANY, SUSANNE TAUTENHAHN, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, JENA, GERMANY, GIJSBERT D. A. WERNER, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, OXFORD, UK, TUOMAS AAKALA, UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI, FINLAND, MEHDI ABEDI, TARBIAT MODARES UNIVERSITY, IRAN, ALICIA T. R. ACOSTA, UNIVERSITY OF ROMA TRE, ITALY, GEORGE C. ADAMIDIS, UNIVERSITY OF BERN, SWITZERLAND, KAIRI ADAMSON, UNIVERSITY OF TARTU, ESTONIA, MASAHIRO AIBA, TOHOKU UNIVERSITY, JAPAN., CÉCILE H. ALBERT, AIX MARSEILLE UNIV, UNIV AVIGNON, FRANCE., JULIO M. ALCÁNTARA, UNIVERSIDAD DE JAÉN, SPAIN, CAROLINA ALCÁZAR C, Instituto Alexander Von Humboldt, Colombia., HAMADA ALI, SUEZ CANAL UNIVERSITY, EGYPT, BERNARD AMIAUD, UNIVERSITÉ DE LORRAINE, FRANCE., CHRISTIAN AMMER, UNIVERSITY OF GÖTTINGEN, GERMANY, MARIANO M. AMOROSO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE RÍO NEGRO, ARGENTINA, MADHUR ANAND, UNIVERSITY OF GUELPH, CANADA., MARIJN BAUTERS, GHENT UNIVERSITY, BELGIUM., ERIKA BAZZATO, UNIVERSITY OF CAGLIARI, ITALY., MICHAEL BECKMANN, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Germany., HANS BEECKMAN, ROYAL MUSEUM FOR CENTRAL AFRICA, BELGIUM., CARL BEIERKUHNLEIN, UNIVERSITY OF BAYREUTH, GERMANY., RENEE BEKKER, UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN, THE NETHERLANDS., JOANA BERGMANN, FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN, GERMANY., MARCOS BERGMANN CARLUCCI, UFPC, LOGAN BERNER, NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, USA., MARKUS BERNHARDT-RÖMERMANN, FRIEDRICH SCHILLER UNIVERSITY JENA, GERMANY., CHRISTOF BIGLER, ETH ZURICH, SWITZERLAND., FEDERICO BRUMNICH, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL LITORAL (FICH-UNL), ARGENTINA, HANS HENRIK BRUUN, UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN, DENMARK, DAVID BRUY, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, FRANCE, SERRA W. BUCHANAN, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO SCARBOROUGH, CANADA, ROBERT BUITENWERF, AARHUS UNIVERSITY, DENMARK, DANIEL E. BUNKER, NEW JERSEY INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, USA, JANA BÜRGER, UNIVERSITY OF ROSTOCK, GERMANY, SABINA BURRASCANO, SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME, ITALY, DAVID F. R. P. BURSLEM, UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN, UK, BRADLEY J. BUTTERFIELD, NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY, USA, CHAEHO BYUN, YONSEI UNIVERSITY, KOREA, MARINA C. SCALON, UFP, MARCO CACCIANIGA, UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO, ITALY, MARC CADOTTE, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO SCARBOROUGH, CANADA, MAXIME CAILLERET, AIX?MARSEILLE UNIVERSITY, FRANCE, JAMES CAMAC, THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA, JESÚS JULIO CAMARERO, INSTITUTO PIRENAICO DE ECOLOGÍA (IPE?CSIC), SPAIN, COURTNEY CAMPANY, COLGATE UNIVERSITY, USA, GIANDIEGO CAMPETELLA, UNIVERSITY OF CAMERINO, ITALY, JUAN ANTONIO CAMPOS, UNIVERSITY OF THE BASQUE COUNTRY UPV/EHU, SPAIN, LAURA CANO-ARBOLEDA, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA, ROBERTO CANULLO, UNIVERSITY OF CAMERINO, ITALY, MICHELE CARBOGNANI, UNIVERSITY OF PARMA, ITALY, FABIO CARVALHO, LANCASTER UNIVERSITY, UK, BASTIEN CASTAGNEYROL, UNIV. BORDEAUX, FRANCE, JANE A. CATFORD, KING'S COLLEGE LONDON, UK, JEANNINE CAVENDER-BARES, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, USA, BRUNO E. L. CERABOLINI, UNIVERSITY OF INSUBRIA, ITALY, MARCO CERVELLINI, UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA, ITALY, EDUARDO CHACÓN-MADRIGAL, UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA, COSTA RICA, KENNETH CHAPIN, THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, USA, SAMANTHA DAWSON, SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, AREND JACOBUS DE BEER, UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA, SOUTH AFRICA, ANGEL DE FRUTOS, HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, GERMANY, LEANDRO DUARTE, UFRGS, EMILIE DUCOURET, UMR ECOFOG (AGROPARISTECH, CNRS, INRA, UNIVERSITÉ DES ANTILLES, UNIVERSITÉ DE LA GUYANE), FRANCE, STEFAN DULLINGER, UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA, DAN F. B. FLYNN, ARNOLD ARBORETUM OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY, USA, VERONIKA FONTANA, INSTITUTE FOR ALPINE ENVIRONMENT, ITALY, KYONG-SOOK CHUNG, JUNGWON UNIVERSITY, KOREA, MILAN CHYTRÝ, MASARYK UNIVERSITY, CZECH REPUBLIC, DANIELA CICCARELLI, UNIVERSITY OF PISA, ITALY, LLUÍS COLL, UNIVERSITY OF LLEIDA, SPAIN, COURTNEY G. COLLINS, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE, USA, LUISA CONTI, UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES PRAGUE, CZECH REPUBLIC, DAVID COOMES, UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE, UK, JOHANNES H. C. CORNELISSEN, VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT, THE NETHERLANDS, WILLIAM K. CORNWELL, EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, AUSTRALIA, PIERMARIA CORONA, CREA – RESEARCH CENTRE FOR FORESTRY AND WOOD, ITALY, MARIE COYEA, UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL, CANADA, JOSEPH CRAINE, JONAH VENTURES, USA, DYLAN CRAVEN, UNIVERSIDAD MAYOR, CHILE, JORIS P. G. M. CROMSIGT, SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, SWEDEN, ANIKÓ CSECSERITS, MTA CENTRE FOR ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH, HUNGARY, KATARINA CUFAR, UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA, SLOVENIA, MATTHIAS CUNTZ, UNIVERSITÉ DE LORRAINE, FRANCE, ANA CAROLINA DA SILVA, SANTA CATARINA STATE UNIVERSITY, BRAZIL, KYLA M. DAHLIN, MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, MATTEO DAINESE, INSTITUTE FOR ALPINE ENVIRONMENT, ITALY, IGOR DALKE, INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGY OF KOMI SCIENCE CENTRE OF THE URAL BRANCH OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, RUSSIA, MICHELE DALLE FRATTE, UNIVERSITY OF INSUBRIA, ITALY, ANH TUAN DANG-LE, UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM, JIRÍ DANIHELKA, MASARYK UNIVERSITY, CZECH REPUBLIC, MASAKO DANNOURA, KYOTO UNIVERSITY, JAPAN, JONATHAN R. DE LONG, NETHERLANDS INSTITUTE OF ECOLOGY, THE NETHERLANDS, BENJAMIN DECHANT, SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, REPUBLIC OF KOREA, SYLVAIN DELAGRANGE, INSTITUTE OF TEMPERATE FOREST SCIENCES (ISFORT), CANADA, NICOLAS DELPIERRE, UNIVERSITY OF PARIS?SUD, FRANCE, GÉRALDINE DERROIRE, UNIVERSITÉ DES ANTILLES, FRANCE, ARILDO S. DIAS, UNIVERSITÄT FRANKFURT, GERMANY, MILTON HUGO DIAZ-TORIBIO, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, USA, PANAYIOTIS G. DIMITRAKOPOULOS, UNIVERSITY OF THE AEGEAN, GREECE, MARK DOBROWOLSKI, THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA, AUSTRALIA, DANIEL DOKTOR, HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH – UFZ, GERMANY, PAVEL DREVOJAN, MASARYK UNIVERSITY, CZECH REPUBLIC, NING DONG, MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, JOHN DRANSFIELD, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS KEW, UK, STEFAN DRESSLER, DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY AND MOLECULAR EVOLUTION, GERMANY, WALTER DURKA, GERMAN CENTER FOR INTEGRATIVE BIODIVERSITY RESEARCH (IDIV) HALLE?JENA?LEIPZIG, GERMANY, REMKO DUURSMA, WESTERN SYDNEY UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, OLGA DYMOVA, KOMI REPUBLIC, RUSSIA, E-VOJTKÓ, A., UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH BOHEMIA, CZECH REPUBLIC, ROLF LUTZ ECKSTEIN, KARLSTAD UNIVERSITY, SWEDEN, HAMID EJTEHADI, FERDOWSI UNIVERSITY OF MASHHAD, IRAN, JAMES ELSER, UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, USA, THAISE EMILIO, UNIVERSITY OF CAMPINAS UNICAMP, BRAZIL, KRISTINE ENGEMANN, AARHUS UNIVERSITY, DENMARK, MOHAMMAD BAGHER ERFANIAN, FERDOWSI UNIVERSITY OF MASHHAD, IRAN, ALEXANDRA ERFMEIER, KIEL UNIVERSITY, KIEL, GERMANY, ADRIANE ESQUIVEL-MUELBERT, EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES, AUSTRALIA, GERD ESSER, JUSTUS LIEBIG UNIVERSITY, GERMANY, MARC ESTIARTE, SPANISH NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL – CSIC, SPAIN, TOMAS F. DOMINGUES, DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY – FFCLRP/USP, BRAZIL, WILLIAM F. FAGAN, UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, USA, JAIME FAGÚNDEZ, UNIVERSITY OF A CORUÑA, SPAIN, DANIEL S. FALSTER, EVOLUTION & ECOLOGY RESEARCH CENTRE, AUSTRALIA, YING FAN, RUTGERS UNIVERSITY, USA, JINGYUN FANG, PEKING UNIVERSITY, CHINA, EMMANUELE FARRIS, UNIVERSITY OF SASSARI, ITALY, FATIH FAZLIOGLU, ORDU UNIVERSITY, TURKEY, YANHAO FENG, LANZHOU UNIVERSITY, CHINA, FERNANDO FERNANDEZ-MENDEZ, UNIVERSIDAD DEL TOLIMA, COLOMBIA, CARLOTTA FERRARA, CREA – RESEARCH CENTRE FOR FORESTRY AND WOOD, ITALY, JOICE NUNES FERREIRA, CPATU, ALESSANDRA FIDELIS, (UNESP), RIO CLARO, BRAZIL, BRYAN FINEGAN, CATIE-CENTRO AGRONÓMICO TROPICAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y ENSEÑANZA, COSTA RICA, JENNIFER FIRN, QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (QUT), AUSTRALIA, TIMOTHY J. FLOWERS, UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX, UK, ESTELLE FOREY, UNIVERSITÉ DE ROUEN, FRANCE, CRISTIANE FORGIARINI, UFRGS, BRAZIL., LOUIS FRANÇOIS, UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE, BELGIUM., MARCELO FRANGIPANI, UFRGS, BRAZIL, DOROTHEA FRANK, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, GERMANY, CEDRIC FRENETTE-DUSSAULT, GÉOPOLE DE L'UNIVERSITÉ DE SHERBROOKE, CANADA, GRÉGOIRE T. FRESCHET, PAUL SABATIER UNIVERSITY TOULOUSE, FRANCE, PAUL LEADLEY, UNIVERSITY OF PARIS-SUD, UNIVERSITÉ PARIS-SACLAY, ORSAY, FRANCE, IZABELA ALEIXO, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AMAZONIAN RESEARCH (INPA), BRAZIL, SANDRA DÍAZ, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE CÓRDOBA, ARGENTINA, SANDRA LAVOREL, UNIV. SAVOIE MONT BLANC, LECA, GRENOBLE, FRANCE, IAIN COLIN PRENTICE, IMPERIAL COLLEGE, UK., CAROLYN ANDERSON, UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST, USA, NIELS ANTEN, WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY, THE NETHERLANDS, JOSEPH ANTOS, UNIVERSITY OF VICTORIA, CANADA, DEBORAH MATTOS GUIMARÃES APGAUA, JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, TIA-LYNN ASHMAN, UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH, USA, DEGI HARJA ASMARA, UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL, CANADA, GREGORY P. ASNER, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, USA., MICHAEL ASPINWALL, UNIVERSITY OF NORTH FLORIDA, USA., OWEN ATKIN, AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA., ISABELLE AUBIN, NATURAL RESOURCES CANADA, LARS BAASTRUP-SPOHR, UNIVERSITY OF COPENHAGEN, DENMARK., KHADIJEH BAHALKEH, TARBIAT MODARES UNIVERSITY, IRAN., MICHAEL BAHN, UNIVERSITY OF INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA., TIMOTHY BAKER, UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS, LEEDS, UK., WILLIAM J. BAKER, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS KEW, UK., JAN P. BAKKER, UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN, THE NETHERLANDS., DENNIS BALDOCCHI, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY, USA., JENNIFER BALTZER, WILFRID LAURIER UNIVERSITY, CANADA, ARINDAM BANERJEE, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, USA., ANNE BARANGER, AGROPARISTECH, FRANCE., JOS BARLOW, LANCASTER UNIVERSITY, UK., DIEGO R. BARNECHE, UNIVERSITY OF EXETER, UK., ZDRAVKO BARUCH, THE UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA., DENIS BASTIANELLI, UNIV MONTPELLIER, FRANCE., JOHN BATTLES, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY, USA, WILLIAM BAUERLE, COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, SOLVEIG FRANZISKA BUCHER, FRIEDRICH?SCHILLER?UNIVERSITÄT JENA, GERMANY, GAVIN BELFRY, UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE, USA., MICHAEL BELLUAU, UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL, CANADA., MIRELA BELOIU, UNIVERSITY OF BAYREUTH, GERMANY., RAQUEL BENAVIDES, MUSEO NACIONAL DE CIENCIAS NATURALES-CSIC, SPAIN., LAHCEN BENOMAR, UNIVERSITÉ LAVAL, CANADA., MARY LEE BERDUGO-LATTKE, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA, COLOMBIA., ERIKA BERENGUER, UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, UK., RODRIGO BERGAMIN, UFRS, NINA BUCHMANN, ETH ZURICH, ZURICH, SWITZERLAND, ANNE D. BJORKMAN, UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN., CHRIS BLACKMAN, UNIVERSITÉ CLERMONT-AUVERGNE, FRANCE., CAROLINA BLANCO, UFRGS, BENJAMIN BLONDER, ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY, USA., DANA BLUMENTHAL, USDA-ARS RANGELAND RESOURCES & SYSTEMS RESEARCH UNIT, USA., KELLY T. BOCANEGRA-GONZÁLEZ, UNIVERSIDAD DEL TOLIMA, COLOMBIA., PASCAL BOECKX, GHENT UNIVERSITY, BELGIUM., STEPHANIE BOHLMAN, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, USA., KATRIN BÖHNING-GAESE, UNIVERSITÄT FRANKFURT, GERMANY., LAURA BOISVERT-MARSH, UNIVERSITÄT FRANKFURT, GERMANY., WILLIAM BOND, UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA., BEN BOND-LAMBERTY, COLLEGE PARK, USA., ARNOUD BOOM, UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER, UK., COLINE C. F. BOONMAN, RADBOUD UNIVERSITY, THE NETHERLANDS., KAUANE BORDIN, UFRGS, ELIZABETH H. BOUGHTON, ARCHBOLD BIOLOGICAL STATION'S BUCK ISLAND RANCH, USA., VANESSA BOUKILI, UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT, USA, DAVID M. J. S. BOWMAN, UNIVERSITY OF TASMANIA, AUSTRALIA., SANDRA BRAVO, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE SANTIAGO DEL ESTERO, MARCO RICHARD BRENDEL, UNIVERSITY OF HOHENHEIM, MARTIN R. BROADLEY, UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM, UK, KERRY A. BROWN, KINGSTON UNIVERSITY, UK., HELGE BRUELHEIDE, MARTIN LUTHER UNIVERSITY HALLE?WITTENBERG, GERMANY, FERNANDO CASANOVES, CATIE-CENTRO AGRONÓMICO TROPICAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y ENSEÑANZA, COSTA RICA, F. STUART CHAPIN, UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS, USA, STEFANO CHELLI, UNIVERSITY OF CAMERINO, ITALY, SI?CHONG CHEN, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, UK, ANPING CHEN, COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY, USA, PAOLO CHERUBINI, UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA, FRANCESCO CHIANUCCI, CREA – RESEARCH CENTRE FOR FORESTRY AND WOOD, ITALY, BRENDAN CHOAT, WESTERN SYDNEY UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, GUILHERME G. MAZZOCHINI, UNIVERSITY OF CAMPINAS, CAMPINAS, BRAZIL, SOPHIE GACHET, UNIV AVIGNON, FRANCE, RACHAEL GALLAGHER, MACQUARIE UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, GISLENE GANADE, UFRN, BRAZIL., MARY-CLAIRE GLASENHARDT, THE MORTON ARBORETUM, USA, ALAIN HAMBUCKERS, UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE, BELGIUM, MASAE ISHIHARA, KYOTO UNIVERSITY, JAPAN, LEONID IVANOV, TYUMEN STATE UNIVERSITY, RUSSIA, LARISSA IVANOVA, TYUMEN STATE UNIVERSITY, RUSSIA., COLLEEN M. IVERSEN, OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LABORATORY, USA, JORDI IZQUIERDO, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain, ROBERT B. JACKSON, STANFORD UNIVERSITY, USA, FRANCESCA GANGA, UNIVERSITY OF CAGLIARI, ITALY, PABLO GARCÍA-PALACIOS, UNIVERSIDAD REY JUAN CARLOS, SPAIN, VERÓNICA GARGAGLIONE, UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA PATAGONIA AUSTRAL, ARGENTINA, ERIC GARNIER, UNIV. MONTPELLIER, FRANCE, JOSE LUIS GARRIDO, ESTACIÓN EXPERIMENTAL DEL ZAIDÍN, SPAIN, ANDRÉ LUÍS DE GASPER, UNIVERSIDADE REGIONAL DE BLUMENAU, BRAZIL, GUILLERMO GEAIZQUIERDO, INIA?CIFOR, SPAIN, DAVID GIBSON, SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY CARBONDALE, USA, ANDREW N. GILLISON, CENTER FOR BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT, AUSTRALIA, AELTON GIROLDO, INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DO CEARÁ, BRAZIL, SEAN GLEASON, WATER MANAGEMENT AND SYSTEMS RESEARCH UNIT, USA, MARIANA GLIESCH, INSTITUTE OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY, SWITZERLAND, EMMA GOLDBERG, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA, USA, BASTIAN GÖLDEL, AARHUS UNIVERSITY, DENMARK, ERIKA GONZALEZ-AKRE, NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY NTNU, NORWAY, JOSE L. GONZALEZ-ANDUJAR, CSIC-INSTITUTE FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE (IAS), SPAIN, ANDRÉS GONZÁLEZ-MELO, UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO, COLOMBIA, ANA GONZÁLEZ-ROBLES, UNIVERSIDAD DE JAÉN, SPAIN, BENTE JESSEN GRAAE, NORWEGIAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY NTNU, NORWAY, ELENA GRANDA, UNIVERSITY OF ALCALÁ, SPAIN, SARAH GRAVES, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, USA, WALTON A. GREEN, HARVARD UNIVERSITY, USA, THOMAS GREGOR, SENCKENBERG RESEARCH INSTITUTE AND NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM, GERMANY, NICOLAS GROSS, UNIVERSIDAD REY JUAN CARLOS, SPAIN, GREG R. GUERIN, THE UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE, AUSTRALIA, ANGELA GÜNTHER, MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY, GERMANY, ALVARO G. GUTIÉRREZ, UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE, CHILE, LILLIE HADDOCK, COLLEGE PARK, USA, ANNA HAINES, THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER, UK, JEFFERSON HALL, SMITHSONIAN TROPICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE, REPUBLIC OF PANAMA, WENXUAN HAN, CHINA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, CHINA, SANDY P. HARRISON, UNIVERSITY OF READING, UK, WESLEY HATTINGH, UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND, SOUTH AFRICA, JOSEPH E. HAWES, ANGLIA RUSKIN UNIVERSITY, UK, TIANHUA HE, CURTIN UNIVERSITY, AUSTRALIA, PENGCHENG HE, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, CHINA, JACOB MASON HEBERLING, CARNEGIE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, USA, AVELIINA HELM, UNIVERSITY OF TARTU, ESTONIA, STEFAN HEMPEL, FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN, GERMANY, JÖRN HENTSCHEL, FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA, GERMANY, BRUNO HÉRAULT, UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTPELLIER, FRANCE, ANA-MARIA HERE, TRANSILVANIA UNIVERSITY OF BRASOV, ROMANIA, KATHARINA HERZ, MARTIN LUTHER UNIVERSITY HALLE?WITTENBERG, GERMANY, MYRIAM HEUERTZ, UNIV. BORDEAUX, FRANCE, THOMAS HICKLER, GOETHE UNIVERSITY, GERMANY, PETER HIETZ, UNIVERSITY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND LIFE SCIENCES, AUSTRIA, PEDRO HIGUCHI, SANTA CATARINA STATE UNIVERSITY, BRAZIL, ANDREW L. HIPP, THE MORTON ARBORETUM, USA, ANDREW HIRONS, UNIVERSITY CENTRE MYERSCOUGH, UK, MARIA HOCK, INSTITUTE FOR ECOSYSTEM RESEARCH/GEOBOTANY, GERMANY, JAMES AARON HOGAN, FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY, USA, KAREN HOLL, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, USA, OLIVIER HONNAY, PLANT CONSERVATION AND POPULATION BIOLOGY, BELGIUM, KNUT ANDERS HOVSTAD, DEPARTMENT OF LANDSCAPE AND BIODIVERSITY, NORWAY, TOMOAKI ICHIE, KOCHI UNIVERSITY, JAPAN, BORIS IGIC, UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO, USA, ESTELA ILLA, UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA, SPAIN, MARNEY ISAAC, UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO, CANADA, BENJAMIN JACKSON, UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, SCOTLAND, HERVÉ JACTEL, UNIV. BORDEAUX, FRANCE, ANDRZEJ M. JAGODZINSKI, UNIVERSITY OF LIFE SCIENCES, POLAND, UTE JANDT, MARTIN LUTHER UNIVERSITY HALLE-WITTENBERG, GERMANY, STEVEN JANSEN, ULM UNIVERSITY, GERMANY, THOMAS, University of Oxford [Oxford], University of Helsinki, Tarbiat Modaras University, Roma Tre University, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land-use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany, Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Department of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran, University of Innsbruck, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK, Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK., School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Botany Division, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Madrid, Spain, Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), School of Geography, Geology and Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK, Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany, Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany, German Center for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena- Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany, University of Toronto [Scarborough, Canada], Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country UPV/ EHU, Bilbao, Spain, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy, BIGEA, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, University of Alaska [Anchorage], Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-AgroParisTech, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Department of Environmental and Life Sciences – Biology, Karlstad University, Quantitative Plant Ecology and Biodiversity Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Justus Liebig University, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), University of Sassari, Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Harvard University [Cambridge], Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), University of Campinas [Campinas] (UNICAMP), University of Cagliari, Universidad de Chile, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), University of California, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Kyoto University [Kyoto], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), University of Venda, Philipps University of Marburg, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, State University of New York, Stonybrook, IT University of Copenhagen, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Humboldt University of Berlin, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, University of Leipzig [Leipzig, Allemagne], Unité d'Agronomie, University of Debrecen-Research Centre for Molecular Medicine-Medical and Health Science Centre, Global Change Research Institute, University of California [Berkeley], Natural resources institute Finland, Universita degli Studi di Cagliari [Cagliari], Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv], Oklahoma State University [Stillwater], Kyoto University [Kyoto]-Kyoto University [Kyoto], Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], University of Milan, Forschungszentrum Juelich, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), U.S. Department of Energy [Washington] (DOE)-UT-Battelle, LLC-Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY)-State University of New York (SUNY), University of Extremadura, University of Göttingen - Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Federal University of Lavras, Universita degli Studi di Padova, Leiden University, University of California [Riverside] (UCR), Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN), Departments of Botany and Zoology, Federal University of Para - Universidade Federal do Para [Belem - Brésil], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Institut national polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), and Factulad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, Balliol College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy, Biodiversity Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environment, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, Greece, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland, Tartu Observatory, University of Tartu, Tartumaa, Estonia, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Avignon Université (AU), Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain, UMR Nancy-Université- INRA Agronomie et Environnement Nancy-Colmar, Nancy Université, Conicet-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Environmental Sciences, Guelph, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA, Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR), University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada, Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria, Department of Biological Sciences-Lancaster University, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA, Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universiteit Gent [Ghent], School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tas., Australia, AMAP, IRD, Herbier de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Nouméa, New Caledonia, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], wiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Tropical Agricultural Centre for Research and Higher Education (CATIE), Tropical Agricultural Centre for Research and Higher Education, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, Cestas, France, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, West Sussex, UK, Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA, Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Life Sciences Prague, Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic, Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Třeboň, Czech Republic, Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, Tihany, Hungary, Swedish Species Information Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden, Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Guyane (UG)-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), University of Florida [Gainesville], UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences – University of Birmingham, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), University of Ordu, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Université de Sherbrooke [Sherbrooke], Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), United States Department of Agriculture - USDA (USA), Smithsonian Institution, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences (BOKU), Florida International University (FIU), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Stanford University [Stanford], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Tasmania (UTAS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Charles University [Prague], Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung (UFZ), Hokkaido University, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Western Sydney University (UWS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, Université de Sherbrooke, Masaryk University, Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (ASCR), Natural Resources Institute Finland, Landcare Research [Lincoln], Université de Montréal [Montréal], Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de l'Europe et des Affaires étrangères (MEAE), French Institute of Pondicherry (IFP), Normal Zhejiang University, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Institute of Biology Bucharest, Romanian Academy, VU University Amsterdam, Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Technische Universität München [München] (TUM), University of Parma, Cardiff School of Social Sciences, University of Cardiff, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Brookhaven National Laboratory [Upton] (BNL), Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), University of Zürich [Zürich] (UZH), Algoma University [Canada], University of Goettingen, University of Wuerzburg, University of Würzburg, AFSSA, Sherbrooke University, University of Lisbon, Department of Biology (University of Florida), Florida Museum of Natural History, Technical University in Zvolen, University of Zvolen, Fac Forestry & Wood Sci, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Bioversity International, Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR], Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Vrije Universiteit [Brussels] (VUB), University of Tsukuba, Kattge, Jen, Bönisch, Gerhard, Díaz, Sandra, Lavorel, Sandra, Prentice, Iain Colin, Leadley, Paul, Tautenhahn, Susanne, Werner, Gijsbert D A, Aakala, Tuoma, Abedi, Mehdi, Acosta, Alicia Teresa Rosario, Adamidis, George C, Adamson, Kairi, Aiba, Masahiro, Albert, Cécile H, Alcántara, Julio M, Alcázar C, Carolina, Aleixo, Izabela, Ali, Hamada, Amiaud, Bernard, Ammer, Christian, Amoroso, Mariano M, Anand, Madhur, Anderson, Carolyn, Anten, Niel, Antos, Joseph, Apgaua, Deborah Mattos Guimarãe, Ashman, Tia-Lynn, Asmara, Degi Harja, Asner, Gregory P, Aspinwall, Michael, Atkin, Owen, Aubin, Isabelle, Baastrup-Spohr, Lar, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Bahn, Michael, Baker, Timothy, Baker, William J, Bakker, Jan P, Baldocchi, Denni, Baltzer, Jennifer, Banerjee, Arindam, Baranger, Anne, Barlow, Jo, Barneche, Diego R, Baruch, Zdravko, Bastianelli, Deni, Battles, John, Bauerle, William, Bauters, Marijn, Bazzato, Erika, Beckmann, Michael, Beeckman, Han, Beierkuhnlein, Carl, Bekker, Renee, Belfry, Gavin, Belluau, Michael, Beloiu, Mirela, Benavides, Raquel, Benomar, Lahcen, Berdugo-Lattke, Mary Lee, Berenguer, Erika, Bergamin, Rodrigo, Bergmann, Joana, Bergmann Carlucci, Marco, Berner, Logan, Bernhardt-Römermann, Marku, Bigler, Christof, Bjorkman, Anne D, Blackman, Chri, Blanco, Carolina, Blonder, Benjamin, Blumenthal, Dana, Bocanegra-González, Kelly T, Boeckx, Pascal, Bohlman, Stephanie, Böhning-Gaese, Katrin, Boisvert-Marsh, Laura, Bond, William, Bond-Lamberty, Ben, Boom, Arnoud, Boonman, Coline C F, Bordin, Kauane, Boughton, Elizabeth H, Boukili, Vanessa, Bowman, David M J S, Bravo, Sandra, Brendel, Marco Richard, Broadley, Martin R, Brown, Kerry A, Bruelheide, Helge, Brumnich, Federico, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Bruy, David, Buchanan, Serra W, Bucher, Solveig Franziska, Buchmann, Nina, Buitenwerf, Robert, Bunker, Daniel E, Bürger, Jana, Burrascano, Sabina, Burslem, David F R P, Butterfield, Bradley J, Byun, Chaeho, Marques, Marcia, Scalon, Marina C, Caccianiga, Marco, Cadotte, Marc, Cailleret, Maxime, Camac, Jame, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Campany, Courtney, Campetella, Giandiego, Campos, Juan Antonio, Cano-Arboleda, Laura, Canullo, Roberto, Carbognani, Michele, Carvalho, Fabio, Casanoves, Fernando, Castagneyrol, Bastien, Catford, Jane A, Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Cerabolini, Bruno E L, Cervellini, Marco, Chacón-Madrigal, Eduardo, Chapin, Kenneth, Chapin, F Stuart, Chelli, Stefano, Chen, Si-Chong, Chen, Anping, Cherubini, Paolo, Chianucci, Francesco, Choat, Brendan, Chung, Kyong-Sook, Chytrý, Milan, Ciccarelli, Daniela, Coll, Lluí, Collins, Courtney G, Conti, Luisa, Coomes, David, Cornelissen, Johannes H C, Cornwell, William K, Corona, 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Günther, Angela, Gutiérrez, Alvaro G, Haddock, Lillie, Haines, Anna, Hall, Jefferson, Hambuckers, Alain, Han, Wenxuan, Harrison, Sandy P, Hattingh, Wesley, Hawes, Joseph E, He, Tianhua, He, Pengcheng, Heberling, Jacob Mason, Helm, Aveliina, Hempel, Stefan, Hentschel, Jörn, Hérault, Bruno, Hereş, Ana-Maria, Herz, Katharina, Heuertz, Myriam, Hickler, Thoma, Hietz, Peter, Higuchi, Pedro, Hipp, Andrew L, Hirons, Andrew, Hock, Maria, Hogan, James Aaron, Holl, Karen, Honnay, Olivier, Hornstein, Daniel, Hou, Enqing, Hough-Snee, Nate, Hovstad, Knut Ander, Ichie, Tomoaki, Igić, Bori, Illa, Estela, Isaac, Marney, Ishihara, Masae, Ivanov, Leonid, Ivanova, Larissa, Iversen, Colleen M, Izquierdo, Jordi, Jackson, Robert B, Jackson, Benjamin, Jactel, Hervé, Jagodzinski, Andrzej M, Jandt, Ute, Jansen, Steven, Jenkins, Thoma, Jentsch, Anke, Jespersen, Jens Rasmus Plantener, Jiang, Guo-Feng, Johansen, Jesper Liengaard, Johnson, David, Jokela, Eric J, Joly, Carlos Alfredo, Jordan, Gregory J, Joseph, 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S. Geological Survey, Duke University, NSW Department of Primary Industries, SUNY-College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Sorbonne-Université, Laboratório de Ecologia Vegetal (LEVEG), George Washington University, National Taiwan University, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny (INP-HB), University Oldenburg, and Biyoloji
Subjects: [SDE] Environmental Sciences, LIFE-HISTORY, Geography & travel, WOOD DENSITY, plant trait, Biodiversity & Conservation, 05 Environmental Sciences, Growth, 580 Plants (Botany), COMMUNITY COMPOSITION, ROOT TRAITS, Biologiska vetenskaper, Ecological modeling, data coverage, data integration, data representativeness, functional diversity, plant traits, TRY plant trait database, Biodiversity, Ecology, Plants, Access to Information, Ecosystem, data representativene, ddc:910, General Environmental Science, Global and Planetary Change, GLOBAL PATTERNS, food and beverages, LEAF PHOTOSYNTHETIC TRAITS, Biological Sciences, CAVElab, Data processing, ddc:580, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biodiversity Conservation, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, INCLINATION ANGLE DISTRIBUTION, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, Ecology and Environment, Database, LITTER DECOMPOSITION, ddc:570, Datenintegration, Environmental Chemistry, DDC 004 / Data processing & computer science, Intraspecific competition, Data integration (Computer science), Science & Technology, Biology and Life Sciences, Plant, 06 Biological Sciences, Environmental factor, Nutrient Network, Biology and Microbiology, FUNCTIONAL TRAITS, DDC 580 / Botanical sciences, Earth and Environmental Sciences, ddc:004, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Environmental Sciences, RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE
Abstract: Plant traits—the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants—determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits—almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives., publishedVersion
Published: 2020

46. Utilisation sur le terrain de molluscicides dans les programmes de lutte contre la schistosomiase : un manuel pratique à l’usage des gestionnaires de programmes

Author: Ali, Said Mohamed, Allan, Fiona, Ayi, Irène, Chandre, Fabrice, Coelho, Paulo Marcos Zech, Garba, A., EL-Hawary, Ahmed Kader, Guo, Jinjiang, Jiamrong, Dai, Kariuki, Curtis, Madsen, Henry, Mohammed, Saleh Juma, Moné, Hélène, Mueller, Pie, Kouakou N'Goran, Eliezer, Oxborough, Richard, Rollinson, David, Tianping, Wang, Yadav, R.S., Yi, Zhang, Zhang, Yaobi, Zhou, Xiao-Nong, Public Health Laboratory Ivo de Carneri, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), University of Ghana, Vector Control Group (MIVEGEC-VCG), Evolution des Systèmes Vectoriels (ESV), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Fiocruz Minas - René Rachou Research Center / Instituto René Rachou [Belo Horizonte, Brésil], Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Kenya Methodist University, IT University of Copenhagen, Ministry of Health [Zanzibar, Tanzania], Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements (IHPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], Université de Cocody, Anhui Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Helen Keller International, WHO, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), and Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

47. Aberrant Glycosphingolipid Pattern in Human Cholangiocarcinoma Stem-Like Subsets

Author: Mannini, A., Raggi, C., Correnti, M., Rovida, E., Aureli, M., Carsana, E. V., Piombanti, B., Pastore, M., Andersen, J., Coulouarn, C., Marra, F., Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Universita Vita Salute San Raffaele = Vita-Salute San Raffaele University [Milan, Italie] (UniSR), IT University of Copenhagen, Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer (NuMeCan), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: cholangiocarcinoma - cancer stem cells - gangliosides - glycosphingolipids, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

48. Learning a Behavioral Repertoire from Demonstrations

Author: Miguel Gonzalez-Duque, Jean-Baptiste Mouret, Daniel Cabarcas, Niels Justesen, Sebastian Risi, IT University of Copenhagen, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Lifelong Autonomy and interaction skills for Robots in a Sensing ENvironment (LARSEN), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Complex Systems, Artificial Intelligence & Robotics (LORIA - AIS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), DARPA/MTO ( No. FA8750-18- C-0103), European Project: 637972,H2020 ERC,ERC-2014-STG,ResiBots(2015), IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, imitation learning, Computer science, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Outcome (game theory), Machine Learning (cs.LG), Task (project management), video game, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Human–computer interaction, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, quality diversity, Reinforcement learning, Set (psychology), Video game, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Artificial neural network, Repertoire, Dimensionality reduction, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), online adaptation, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing
Abstract: Imitation Learning (IL) is a machine learning approach to learn a policy from a dataset of demonstrations. IL can be useful to kick-start learning before applying reinforcement learning (RL) but it can also be useful on its own, e.g. to learn to imitate human players in video games. However, a major limitation of current IL approaches is that they learn only a single "average" policy based on a dataset that possibly contains demonstrations of numerous different types of behaviors. In this paper, we propose a new approach called Behavioral Repertoire Imitation Learning (BRIL) that instead learns a repertoire of behaviors from a set of demonstrations by augmenting the state-action pairs with behavioral descriptions. The outcome of this approach is a single neural network policy conditioned on a behavior description that can be precisely modulated. We apply this approach to train a policy on 7,777 human replays to perform build-order planning in StarCraft II. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to construct a low-dimensional behavioral space from the high-dimensional army unit composition of each demonstration. The results demonstrate that the learned policy can be effectively manipulated to express distinct behaviors. Additionally, by applying the UCB1 algorithm, we are able to adapt the behavior of the policy - in-between games - to reach a performance beyond that of the traditional IL baseline approach.
Published: 2020

49. Atmospheric Nitrous Oxide Variations on Centennial Time Scales During the Past Two Millennia

Author: Thomas Blunier, Soon-Do Hur, Jinho Ahn, Axel Timmermann, Edward J. Brook, Yeongjun Ryu, Ji-Woong Yang, Seong-Joong Kim, Seoul National University [Seoul] (SNU), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oregon State University (OSU), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pusan National University, IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), Korea Basic Science Institute, KBSI: IBS-R028-D1 National Research Foundation of Korea, NRF: NRF-2018R1A2B3003256, We thank Soonil An and Seok-Woo Son for valuable comments. Financial support was provided by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (NRF-2018R1A2B3003256). A.?T. was supported by the Institute for Basic Science (Project Code IBS-R028-D1)., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), and IT University of Copenhagen
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, N2O EMISSIONS, Subtropics, 01 natural sciences, Proxy (climate), STYX GLACIER, Ice core, Paleoclimatology, Ozone layer, paleoclimate, HOLOCENE, Environmental Chemistry, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Global and Planetary Change, Eemian, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, nitrous oxide, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Global warming, Glacier, ASIAN SOUTHWEST MONSOON, NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE, SUMMER MONSOON, CLIMATE, VARIABILITY, 13. Climate action, Climatology, GREENLAND ICE CORE, VICTORIA LAND, Environmental science, ice core
Abstract: The continuous growth of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) is of concern for its potential role in global warming and future stratospheric ozone destruction. Climate feedbacks that enhance N2O emissions in response to global warming are not well understood, and past records of N2O from ice cores are not sufficiently well resolved to examine the underlying climate-N2O feedbacks on societally relevant time scales. Here, we present a new high-resolution and high-precision N2O reconstruction obtained from the Greenland NEEM (North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling) and the Antarctic Styx Glacier ice cores. Covering the N2O history of the past two millennia, our reconstruction shows a centennial-scale variability of similar to 10 ppb. A pronounced minimum at similar to 600 CE coincides with the reorganizations of tropical hydroclimate and ocean productivity changes. Comparisons with proxy records suggest association of centennial- to millennial-scale variations in N2O with changes in tropical and subtropical land hydrology and marine productivity.Plain Language Summary Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a greenhouse and ozone-depleting gas. The growing level of N2O in the atmosphere is of global concern, and records of past N2O variations can provide an important context for understanding the links between N2O and climate change. In this study, we report new, high-quality N2O records covering the last two millennia using ice cores obtained from Greenland and Antarctica. Our N2O records show rapid centennial-scale changes in atmospheric N2O and confirm a pronounced minimum near 600 CE. Comparison with climate records suggests that hydroclimate change on land and changes in marine productivity contribute to centennial- to millennial-scale N2O variations.
Published: 2020

50. Interactive Learning for Multimedia at Large

Author: Khan, O.S., Jónsson, B.Þ., Rudinac, S., Zahálka, J., Ragnarsdóttir, H., Þorleiksdóttir, Þ., Guðmundsson, G.Þ., Amsaleg, L., Worring, M., Jose, J.M., Yilmaz, E., Magalhães, J., Castells, P., Ferro, N., Silva, M.J., Martins, F., IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), School of Computer Science [Reykjavik], Reykjavík University, Informatics Institute [Amsterdam], University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), bohem.ai [Prague], Creating and exploiting explicit links between multimedia fragments (LinkMedia), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-MEDIA ET INTERACTIONS (IRISA-D6), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), IT University of Copenhagen, MEDIA ET INTERACTIONS (IRISA-D6), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Operations Management (ABS, FEB), Faculty of Science, and Intelligent Sensory Information Systems (IVI, FNWI)
Subjects: High-dimensional indexing, Multimedia, Computer science, Large multimedia collections, Scale (chemistry), Search engine indexing, [INFO.INFO-MM]Computer Science [cs]/Multimedia [cs.MM], Relevance feedback, 020207 software engineering, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Article, Interactive Learning, Interactive multimodal learning, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Key (cryptography), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Relevance (information retrieval), State (computer science), YFCC100M, computer
Abstract: International audience; Interactive learning has been suggested as a key method for addressing analytic multimedia tasks arising in several domains. Until recently, however, methods to maintain interactive performance at the scale of today's media collections have not been addressed. We propose an interactive learning approach that builds on and extends the state of the art in user relevance feedback systems and high-dimensional indexing for multimedia. We report on a detailed experimental study using the ImageNet and YFCC100M collections, containing 14 million and 100 million images respectively. The proposed approach outperforms the relevant state-of-the-art approaches in terms of interactive performance, while improving suggestion relevance in some cases. In particular, even on YFCC100M, our approach requires less than 0.3 s per interaction round to generate suggestions, using a single computing core and less than 7 GB of main memory.
Published: 2020

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