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1. Blood Metal Levels and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Risk: A Prospective Cohort

Author

Broberg, Karin E., Kippler, Maria J., Veldink, Jan Herman, Van Den Berg, Leonard H., Middleton, Lefkos T., Travis, Ruth C., Bergmann, Manuela M., Mancini, Francesca Romana, Katzke, Verena Andrea, Agudo, Antonio T., Gómez, Jesús Humberto, Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel A., Trichopoulou, Antonia D., Vermeulen, Roel C.H., Peters, Susan, Broberg, Karin, Gallo, Valentina, Levi, Michael, Kippler, Maria, Vineis, Paolo, Veldink, Jan, Berg, Leonard, Middleton, Lefkos, Travis, Ruth, Bergmann, Manuela, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Elbaz, Alexis, Vlaar, Tim, Mancini, Francesca, Kühn, Tilman, Katzke, Verena, Agudo, Antonio, Goñi, Fernando, Gómez, Jesús‐humberto, Rodríguez‐barranco, Miguel, Merino, Susana, Barricarte, Aurelio, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Jenab, Mazda, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Vermeulen, Roel, Santé publique France - French National Public Health Agency [Saint-Maurice, France], Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Centre International de Recherche contre le Cancer - International Agency for Research on Cancer (CIRC - IARC), Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), FOOD‐CT‐2005‐513943 Ministry of National Education and Religious Affairs Cancer Research UK, CRUK Wellcome Trust, WT German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ Department of Health, Australian Government Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm Kræftens Bekæmpelse, DCS Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII: C03/09 Stichting Diabetes Onderzoek Nederland British Heart Foundation, BHF Norges Forskningsråd QLK4CT199900927 Stroke Association European Commission, EC Deutsche Krebshilfe World Cancer Research Fund, WCRF Kreftforeningen, NCS Medical Research Council, MRC, The EPIC study is funded by a number of grants, however, no funding source had any role in the preparation of this article. The EPIC study was funded by the Europe against Cancer program of the European Commission (SANCO), Italian Association for Research on Cancer, and Italian National Research Council. In addition, the authors thank the following for their financial support: the Environmental Cancer Risk, Nutrition, and Individual Susceptibility Network of Excellence, operating within the European Union Sixth Framework Program, Priority 5: Food Quality and Safety (FOOD‐CT‐2005‐513943), European Community Fifth Framework Program (grant QLK4CT199900927), ISCIII, Red de Centros RCESP (C03/09), Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia, and Navarra, Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, UK, Stroke Association, UK, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, UK, Food Standards Agency, UK, Wellcome Trust, UK, Greek Ministry of Health, Greek Ministry of Education, Italian Association for Research on Cancer, Italian National Research Council, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare, and Sports, Netherlands Cancer Registry, LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Zorg Onderzoek Nederland, World Cancer Research Fund, Statistics Netherlands, Swedish Cancer, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skåne and Västerbotten, Sweden, Norwegian Cancer Society, Research Council of Norway, French League against Cancer, INSERM, Mutuelle Generale l'Education National, and IGR. The EPIC‐Norfolk study (DOI 10.22025/2019.10.105.00004) has received funding from the Medical Research Council (MR/N003284/1 and MC‐UU_12015/1) and Cancer Research UK (C864/A14136)., and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Adult, Male, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Clinical Neurology, Gastroenterology, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, LEAD-EXPOSURE, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Research Articles, POPULATION, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Science & Technology, Neurology & Neurosurgery, business.industry, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Neurosciences, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Retrospective cohort study, Odds ratio, Environmental exposure, Environmental Exposure, Mercury, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, 030104 developmental biology, Neurology, Cohort, Population study, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neurosciences & Neurology, Neurology (clinical), SMOKING, 1109 Neurosciences, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article, Cohort study
Abstract

International audience; Objective: Metals have been suggested as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but only retrospective studies are available to date. We compared metal levels in prospectively collected blood samples from ALS patients and controls, to explore whether metals are associated with ALS mortality. Methods: A nested ALS case–control study was conducted within the prospective EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) cohort. Cases were identified through death certificates. We analyzed metal levels in erythrocyte samples obtained at recruitment, as a biomarker for metal exposure from any source. Arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, selenium, and zinc concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. To estimate ALS risk, we applied conditional logistic regression models. Results: The study population comprised 107 cases (65% female) and 319 controls matched for age, sex, and study center. Median time between blood collection and ALS death was 8 years (range = 1–15). Comparing the highest with the lowest tertile, cadmium (odds ratio [OR] = 2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08–3.87) and lead (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 0.97–3.67) concentrations suggest associations with increased ALS risk. Zinc was associated with a decreased risk (OR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.27–0.94). Associations for cadmium and lead remained when limiting analyses to noncurrent smokers. Interpretation: This is the first study to compare metal levels before disease onset, minimizing reverse causation. The observed associations suggest that cadmium, lead, and zinc may play a role in ALS etiology. Cadmium and lead possibly act as intermediates on the pathway from smoking to ALS. ANN NEUROL 20209999:n/a–n/a.

Published
2021

2. Social Inequalities and Mortality in Europe - Results from a Large Multi-National Cohort

Author

Larraitz Arriola, Eiliv Lund, Anne Tjønneland, Johan P. Mackenbach, Gwenn Menvielle, Nicholas J. Wareham, Anton E. Kunst, Rudolf Kaaks, Manuela M. Bergmann, Sabine Rohrmann, Kay-Tee Khaw, Göran Hallmans, Petra P.H. Peeters, Antonio Agudo, Aurelio Barricante Gurrea, Antonia Trichopoulou, Valentina Gallo, Majid Ezzati, Androniki Naska, Birgit Teucher, Sophia Zackrisson, Martin Almquist, H. Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Traci Mouw, Timothy J. Key, Elio Riboli, Peter D. Siersema, Heiner Boeing, Kim Overvad, Susanne Oksbjerg Dalton, Rosario Tumino, Carmen Navarro, María-Luisa Redondo, Tonje Braaten, Giovanna Masala, Salvatore Panico, Guri Skeie, Anne-Kathrin Illner, Paolo Vineis, Sture Eriksson, Paolo Contiero, Antonio Daponte, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Public and occupational health, University of Zurich, Vineis, Paolo, [Gallo,V, Ezzati,M, Mouw,T, Riboli,E, Vineis,P] Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. [Gallo,V] Social and Environmental Health Research,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. [Mackenbach,JP] Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. [Menvielle,G] Epidemiology of Occupational and Social Determinants of Health, INSERM, Villejuif, France. [Menvielle,G] Universite of Versailles Saint Quentin, Versailles, France. [Kunst,AE] Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [Rohrmann,S] Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. [Kaaks,R, Teucher,B] Division of Clinical Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany. [Boeing,H, Bergmann,MM] Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany. [Tjønneland,A, Dalton,SO] Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Overvad,K] Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. [Redondo,M] Public Health and Participation Directorate, Health and Health Care Services Council, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. [Agudo,A] Unit of Nutrition, Environment and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain. [Daponte,A, Arriola,L, Navarro,C, Barricante Gurrea,A] CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Barcelona, Spain. [Daponte,A] Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain. [Arriola,L] Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, Spain. [Navarro,C] Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Authority, Murcia, Spain. [Navarro,C] Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain. [Barricante Gurrea,A] Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain. [Khaw,KT] University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. [Wareham,N] Medical Research Council – Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom. [Key,T] Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. [Naska,A, Trichopoulou,A] World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Food and Nutrition Policies, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. [Trichopoulou,A] Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece. [Trichopoulos,D] Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, United States of America. [Trichopoulos,D] Bureau of Epidemiologic Research, Academy of Athens, Greece. [Masala,G] Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute, Florence, Italy. [Panico,S] Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy. [Contiero,T] Cancer Registry and Environmental Epidemiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy. [Tumino,R] Cancer Registry and Histopathological Unit, Civile M. P. Arezzo Hospital, Ragusa, Italy. [Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB] National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands. [Bueno-de-Mesquita,HB, Siersema,PD] Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Peeters,PP] Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Zackrisson,S] Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö , Diagnostic Radiology, Lund University, Sweden. [Almquist,M] Department of Surgery, University Hospital Lund and Lund University, Lund, Sweden. [Eriksson,S, Hallmans,G] Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umea University, Umea, Sweden. [Skeie,G, Braaten,T, Lund,E] Institutt for samfunnsmedisin, Universitetet i Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway. [Illner,A] Dietary Exposure Assessment Group, Nutrition and Metabolism Section, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France., This research has been made possible thanks to a grant of the European Community (5th Framework Programme) to PV (grant QLK4CT199900927), and a grant of the Compagnia di San Paolo to the ISI Foundation. All authors are independent form founders. Mortality data from the Netherlands were obtained from 'Statistics Netherlands'. In addition we would like to thank for their financial support: Europe Against cancer Program of the European Commission (SANCO), ISCIII, Red de Centros RCESP, C03/09, Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, Cancer Research U.K., Medical Research Council, United Kingdom, Stroke Association, United Kingdom, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, United Kingdom, Food Standards Agency, United Kingdom, Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom, Greek Ministry of Health and Social Solidarity, Stavros Niacrchos Foundation, Hellenic Health Foundation, Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), Italian National Research Council, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, World Cancer Research Fund, Swedish Cancer, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Skane, Sweden, Norwegian Cancer Society, Research Council of Norway, French League against Cancer, Inserm, Mutuelle Generale l’Education National and IGR. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript., Gallo, V, Mackenbach, Jp, Ezzati, M, Menvielle, G, Kunst, Ae, Rohrmann, S, Kaaks, R, Teucher, B, Boeing, H, Bergmann, Mm, Tj?nneland, A, Dalton, So, Overvad, K, Redondo, Ml, Agudo, A, Daponte, A, Arriola, L, Navarro, C, Gurrea, Ab, Khaw, Kt, Wareham, N, Key, T, Naska, A, Trichopoulou, A, Trichopoulos, D, Masala, G, Panico, Salvatore, Contiero, P, Tumino, R, Bueno de Mesquita, Hb, Siersema, Pd, Peeters, Pp, Zackrisson, S, Almquist, M, Eriksson, S, Hallmans, G, Skeie, G, Braaten, T, Lund, E, Illner, Ak, Mouw, T, Riboli, E, Vineis, P., Public Health, Epidemiology, and Gastroenterology & Hepatology

Subjects
Gerontology, Male, Survival, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, Poison control, Educational inequalities, DETERMINANTS, 0302 clinical medicine, SOCIOECONOMIC INEQUALITIES, Medicine, Socioeconomic inequalities, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Science, Determinants, media_common, Multidisciplinary, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Helsefag: 800::Samfunnsmedisin, sosialmedisin: 801, Lung-cancer incidence, Relative index of inequality, Mortality rate, CARDIOVASCULAR RISK, Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe [Medical Subject Headings], WOMEN, Epidemiology of Aging, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities, ASSOCIATION, Middle Aged, Socioeconomic Aspects of Health, 3. Good health, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Health Care::Health Services Administration::Patient Care Management::Delivery of Health Care::Healthcare Disparities [Medical Subject Headings], Health, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, SURVIVAL, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Female, NUTRITION, Public Health, HEALTH, Europa, Behavioral and Social Aspects of Health, Cancer Epidemiology, Research Article, Adult, Clinical Research Design, 610 Medicine & health, Social epidemiology, 1100 General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Association, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, 1300 General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, media_common.cataloged_instance, Humans, Women, European Union, European union, Mortality, Socioeconomic status, Biology, EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITIES, Cardiovascular Disease Epidemiology, Nutrition, 1000 Multidisciplinary, Science & Technology, Population Biology, business.industry, MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES, lcsh:R, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Mortality [Medical Subject Headings], 10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), Cardiovascular risk, Social Epidemiology, LUNG-CANCER INCIDENCE, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Mortalidad, lcsh:Q, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Health sciences: 800::Community medicine, Social medicine: 801, Disparidades en atención de salud, business, Demography, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; BACKGROUND Socio-economic inequalities in mortality are observed at the country level in both North America and Europe. The purpose of this work is to investigate the contribution of specific risk factors to social inequalities in cause-specific mortality using a large multi-country cohort of Europeans. METHODS A total of 3,456,689 person/years follow-up of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) was analysed. Educational level of subjects coming from 9 European countries was recorded as proxy for socio-economic status (SES). Cox proportional hazard model's with a step-wise inclusion of explanatory variables were used to explore the association between SES and mortality; a Relative Index of Inequality (RII) was calculated as measure of relative inequality. RESULTS Total mortality among men with the highest education level is reduced by 43% compared to men with the lowest (HR 0.57, 95% C.I. 0.52-0.61); among women by 29% (HR 0.71, 95% C.I. 0.64-0.78). The risk reduction was attenuated by 7% in men and 3% in women by the introduction of smoking and to a lesser extent (2% in men and 3% in women) by introducing body mass index and additional explanatory variables (alcohol consumption, leisure physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake) (3% in men and 5% in women). Social inequalities were highly statistically significant for all causes of death examined in men. In women, social inequalities were less strong, but statistically significant for all causes of death except for cancer-related mortality and injuries. DISCUSSION In this European study, substantial social inequalities in mortality among European men and women which cannot be fully explained away by accounting for known common risk factors for chronic diseases are reported. Yes

Published
2012

3. Bulky DNA adducts, 4-aminobiphenyl-haemoglobin adducts and diet in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) prospective study

Author

Carmen Martinez, Petra H.M. Peeters, Merethe Kumle, Paolo Vineis, Armelle Munnia, Seymour Garte, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Emmanuelle Gormally, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen, Antonio Agudo, Giuseppe Matullo, Bengt Järvholm, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, José Ramón Quirós, Göran Berglund, Marco Peluso, Alison M. Dunning, Rosario Tumino, Alessandro Colombi, Salvatore Panico, Timothy J. Key, Luisa Airoldi, Elio Riboli, S Bingham, Fabrizio Veglia, Rudolf Kaaks, Antonia Trichopoulou, Aurelio Barricarte, Vittorio Krogh, Christian Malaveille, Nicholas E. Day, Kim Overvad, Rodolfo Saracci, Herman Autrup, María José Tormo, Domenico Palli, J. Linseisen, Heiner Boeing, Miren Dorronsoro, Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, Peluso, M, Airoldi, L, Munnia, A, Colombi, A, Veglia, F, Autrup, H, Dunning, A, Garte, S, Gormally, E, Malaveille, C, Matullo, G, Overvad, K, Raaschou Nielsen, O, Clavel Chapelon, F, Linseisen, J, Boeing, H, Trichopoulou, A, Palli, D, Krogh, V, Tumino, R, Panico, Salvatore, Bueno De Mesquita, Bh, Peeters, Ph, Kumle, M, Agudo, A, Martinez, C, Dorronsoro, M, Barricarte, A, Tormo, Mj, Quiros, Jr, Berglund, G, Jarvholm, B, Day, Ne, Key, Tj, Saracci, R, Kaaks, R, Riboli, E, Bingham, S, Vineis, P., [Peluso,M, Munnia, A] Cancer Risk Factor Branch, Analytical and Biomolecular Cytology Unit, CSPO-Scientific Institute of Tuscany, Florence, Italy. [Airoldi,L, Colombi,A] Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy. [Veglia, F, Matullo,G] ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy. [Autrup,H] Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Aarhus, Denmark. [Dunning, A] Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [Garte,S] Genetics Research Institute, Milan, Italy. [Gormally,E, Malaveille,C] International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. [Overhad,K] Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aalborg Hospital, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. [Raaschou-Nielsen,O] Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Clavel-Chapelon,F] INSERM (Institut National de la Sante´ et de la Recherche Me´dicale), ERI 20, EA 4045, and Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, F-94805, France. [Linseisen,J] Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Heidelberg, German. [Boeing,H] German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbu¨cke, Germany. [Trichopoulou,A] Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. [Palli,D] Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, CSPO-Scientific Institute of Cancer Prevention Tuscany Region, Florence, Italy. [Krogh,V] Department of Epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, Milan, Italy. [Tumino,R] Cancer Registry, Azienda Ospedaliera ‘Civile MP Arezzo’, Ragusa, Ital. [Panico,S] Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Universita` Federico II, Naples, Italy. [Bueno-De-Mesquita,BH] Centre for Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherland. [Peeters,PH] Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands. [Kumle,M] Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromso, Tromso, Norway. [Agudo,A] Department of Epidemiology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain. [Martinez,C] Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain. [Dorronsoro,M] Department of Public Health of Guipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain. [Barricarte,A] Public Health Institute, Navarra, Spain. [Tormo,MJ] Epidemiology Department, Murcia Health Council, Murcia, Spain. Quiros, JR] Direccio´n General de Salud Pu´blica, Consejerı´a de Salud y Servicios Sanitarios Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. [Berglund,G] Malmo¨ Diet and Cancer Study, Lund University, Malmo¨, Sweden. [Jarvholm,G] Department of Nutritional Research, University of Umea˚, Umea˚ , Sweden. [Day,ND, Bingham,S] MRC Dunn Human Nutrition Unit, Cambridge University, UK. [Key,TJ].Cancer Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [Saracci,R] IFC National Research Council, Pisa, Italy. [Kaas,R] Division of Epidemiology, DKFZ Heidelberg, Germany. [Riboli,E] Imperial College London, London, UK. [Vineis,P] University of Turin, Turin, Italy. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK, This paper was made possible by a grant of the European Community (5th Framework Programme) to P. V. (grant QLK4–CT–1999–00 927) and a grant of the Compagnia di San Paolo to the ISI Foundation. All authors are independent from funders. Mortality data for the Netherlands were obtained from Statistics Netherlands. Also, the work described in the paper was carried out with the financial support of: Europe Against Cancer Program of the European Commission (SANCO), ISCIII, Red de Centros RCESP, C03/09, Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Danish Cancer Society, Health Research Fund (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health, Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucia, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, UK, Stroke Association, UK, British Heart Foundation, Department of Health, UK, Food Standards Agency, UK, Wellcome Trust, UK, Greek Ministry of Health, Greek Ministry of Education, Italian Association for Research on Cancer (AIRC), Italian National Research Council, Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports, World Cancer Research Fund, Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council, Regional Government of Ska°ne, Sweden, Norwegian Cancer Society, and Research Council of Norway.

Subjects
Dietary Fiber, Male, Aflatoxin, Erythrocytes, Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins::Proteins::Blood Proteins::Hemoglobins [Medical Subject Headings], medicine.medical_treatment, air pollution, RESISTANT STARCH, Medicine (miscellaneous), GUIDELINES, Carcinógenos, Body Mass Index, COLORECTAL-CANCER, Food group, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hemoglobins, Vegetables, Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Environmental Pollutants::Air Pollutants [Medical Subject Headings], Leukocytes, Aductos de ADN, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Food science, Prospective Studies, RISK, DNA adducts, Haemoglobin adducts, Non-smokers, Fibre intake, Air pollution, Publication Characteristics::Study Characteristics::Multicenter Study [Medical Subject Headings], Air Pollutants, Nutrition and Dietetics, Chemistry, Technology, Industry, Agriculture::Food and Beverages::Food::Dietary Fiber [Medical Subject Headings], Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Toxic Actions::Noxae::Carcinogens [Medical Subject Headings], COLON-CANCER, Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Processes::DNA Damage::DNA Adducts [Medical Subject Headings], Fabaceae, Middle Aged, fibre intake, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Europe, Biochemistry, 4-Aminobiphenyl, Colonic Neoplasms, Hemoglobinas, Female, SMOKERS, Alcohol Drinking, BLADDER-CANCER, European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), haemoglobin adducts, non-smokers, RATS, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS, Ozone, LUNG-CANCER, DNA adduct, medicine, Humans, Contaminantes del aire, ddc:610, Carcinogen, Aged, Estudio multicéntrico, Vitamin E, Fruit, Multivariate Analysis, Fibras en la dieta, Carcinogens, Biomarkers, Food contaminant
Abstract

Udgivelsesdato: 2008-Feb-14 In contrast to some extensively examined food mutagens, for example, aflatoxins, N-nitrosamines and heterocyclic amines, some other food contaminants, in particular polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and other aromatic compounds, have received less attention. Therefore, exploring the relationships between dietary habits and the levels of biomarkers related to exposure to aromatic compounds is highly relevant. We have investigated in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort the association between dietary items (food groups and nutrients) and aromatic DNA adducts and 4-aminobiphenyl-Hb adducts. Both types of adducts are biomarkers of carcinogen exposure and possibly of cancer risk, and were measured, respectively, in leucocytes and erythrocytes of 1086 (DNA adducts) and 190 (Hb adducts) non-smokers. An inverse, statistically significant, association has been found between DNA adduct levels and dietary fibre intake (P = 0.02), vitamin E (P = 0.04) and alcohol (P = 0.03) but not with other nutrients or food groups. Also, an inverse association between fibre and fruit intake, and BMI and 4-aminobiphenyl-Hb adducts (P = 0.03, 0.04, and 0.03 respectively) was observed. After multivariate regression analysis these inverse correlations remained statistically significant, except for the correlation adducts v. fruit intake. The present study suggests that fibre intake in the usual range can modify the level of DNA or Hb aromatic adducts, but such role seems to be quantitatively modest. Fibres could reduce the formation of DNA adducts in different manners, by diluting potential food mutagens and carcinogens in the gastrointestinal tract, by speeding their transit through the colon and by binding carcinogenic substances.

Published
2008

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