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126 results on '"IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE)"'

1. Improving damping capabilities of composites structures by electroactive films containing piezoelectric and conductive fillers

Author

L. Quiroga Cortes, Leonardo Sanches, Camille Bessaguet, Colette Lacabanne, Mathieu Chevalier, Guilhem Michon, Eric Dantras, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux - CIRIMAT (Toulouse, France), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)

Subjects
Materials science, Matériaux, Composite number, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Vibration, Damping, Nanocomposites, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Piezoelectric fillers, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Composite material, Structural composites, Electrical conductor, Mechanical energy, Civil and Structural Engineering, 010302 applied physics, Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, Nanocomposite, Dissipation, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Piezoelectricity, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Mechanics of Materials, Signal Processing, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, a passive vibration damping concept based on multifunctional materials was studied for thermoplastic composite structures. The synergy between piezoelectric and conductive particles brings a new contribution of energy dissipation based on the local transduction-dissipation phenomenon. While piezoelectric fillers ensure the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy (transduction), conductive particles locally dissipate the electric charges created avoiding saturation in the vicinity of piezoelectric particles. Here, the concept has been studied at material and structure scales for laboratory and preindustrial samples in order to bring solid proof of the damping concept. For this purpose, piezoelectric and electrically conductive particles were dispersed into engineering thermoplastics polyamide 12 and poly ether ketone ketone. Damping films were obtained by hot press and embedded in a composite sandwich beam and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)-aluminum panels. Dynamic mechanical analysis and vibration tests were performed on bulk nanocomposite samples and in composite sandwich beams. The study of hysteresis loops and frequency response function showed strong nonlinear effects and vibration amplitude decrease up to 50%. Tests on CFRP-aluminum panels highlighted the structural damping increase demonstrating the potential capacity of this multifunctional material for energy dissipation in typical aerospace structures.

Published
2021

2. Carbon fiber reinforced polymer metallization via a conductive silver nanowires polyurethane coating for electromagnetic shielding

Author

David Dupenne, Eric Dantras, Antoine Lonjon, Thierry Pierré, Colette Lacabanne, Marc Lubineau, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Thales (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Thales Alenia Space - TAS (Toulouse, France), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Thales Alenia Space (TAS), and THALES

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Matériaux, Nanowire, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Thermal expansion, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Coatings, Materials Chemistry, Composite material, Electroplating, Electrical conductor, Composites, chemistry.chemical_classification, Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, Nanowires, Electromagnetic shielding, General Chemistry, Polymer, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Nanocrystals, chemistry, Nanoparticles, 0210 nano-technology, Current density
Abstract

International audience; reinforced polymer (CFRP) is required. A specific attention is paid due to the thermal expansion coefficient difference between substrate and metal coating. A surface metallization of a CFRP has been elaborated by electrodeposition. This study presents an original process based on an electrically conductive polymer coating elaborated from a polyurethane matrix filled with a low content of silver nanowires (

Published
2020

3. High temperature oxidation and embrittlement at 500–600 °C of Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by Laser and Electron Beam Melting

Author

Daniel Monceau, Jonathan Hugues, Antoine Casadebaigt, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), and Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux - CIRIMAT (Toulouse, France)

Subjects
Materials science, EBM, Additive manufacturing, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Matériaux, Alloy, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, Oxygen, SLM, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, General Materials Science, Composite material, Oxygen diffusion zone, Embrittlement, Tensile testing, Titanium, High temperature oxidation, Oxygen embrittlement, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, TA6V, chemistry, engineering, Limiting oxygen concentration, 0210 nano-technology, Layer (electronics)
Abstract

International audience; The oxidation kinetics of Ti-6Al-4V alloys fabricated by LBM and EBM, HIP-treated or not, are similar to that of a rolled annealed Ti-6Al-4V alloy, as regards oxide layer and oxygen diffusion layer thickness. Kinetics of oxygen ingress in the metal is independent of the alloy microstructure. At room temperature, the thickness of the brittle layer after a tensile test corresponds to the oxygen diffusion layer, with an oxygen concentration above a critical value that is clearly below 1 at %.

Published
2020

4. A bi-level methodology for solving large-scale mixed categorical structural optimization

Author

Pierre-Jean Barjhoux, Youssef Diouane, Dimitri Bettebghor, Joseph Morlier, Stéphane Grihon, Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes - DISC (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes (DISC), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
Mathematical optimization, Control and Optimization, Optimization problem, Scale (ratio), Computer science, Computation, Bi-level decomposition, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Structural optimization, 0203 mechanical engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Dimension (data warehouse), Categorical variable, 021106 design practice & management, Categorical and continuous variables, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Computer Science Applications, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Test case, Control and Systems Engineering, Structural design, Mécanique des matériaux, Engineering design process, Software, Combinatorial explosion
Abstract

International audience; In this work, large-scale structural optimization problems involving non-ordinal categorical design variables and continuous variables are investigated. The aim is to minimize the weight of a structure with respect to cross-section areas, with materials and stiffening principles selection. First, the problem is formulated using a bi-level decomposition involving master and slave problems. The master problem is given by a first-order-like approximation that helps to drastically reduce the combinatorial explosion raised by the categorical variables. Continuous variables are handled in a slave problem solved using a gradient-based approach, where the categorical variables are driven by the master problem. The proposed algorithm is tested on three different structural optimization test cases. A comparison to state-of-the-art algorithms emphasize efficiency of the proposed algorithm in terms of the optimum quality, the computation cost, and the scaling with respect to the problem dimension.

Published
2020

5. Effect of PEKK oligomers sizing on the dynamic mechanical behavior of poly(ether ketone ketone)/carbon fiber composites

Author

Colette Lacabanne, Eric Dantras, Damien Coudeyre, Mike Abidine Alexandre, Emile Perez, Sophie Franceschi, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Interactions moléculaires et réactivité chimique et photochimique (IMRCP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Fluides, Energie, Réacteurs, Matériaux et Transferts (FERMAT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SMODD - Systèmes Moléculaires Organisés et Développement Durable (SMODD), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), and Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux - CIRIMAT (Toulouse, France)

Subjects
Thermogravimetric analysis, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Scanning electron microscope, Matériaux, Mechanical properties, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Structure–property relationships, Stress (mechanics), Materials Chemistry, Thermoplastics, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Thermal stability, Fiber, Composite material, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Composites, General Chemistry, Dynamic mechanical analysis, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Sizing, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Wetting, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK)/unidirectional carbon fiber (CF) composites have a poor interface. Accordingly, PEKK oligomer (PEKKo) sizing with a chemical compatibility with PEKK is proposed for promoting interfacial interactions in order to enhance mechanical performances. The thermal stability until 500 °C has been shown by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In order to compare static and dynamic sizing methods, “lab sizing” and “pilot sizing” were carried out. Scanning electron microscopy images of freeze fractures of PEKK/unsized CF, PEKK/PEKKo lab‐sized CF and PEKK/PEKKo pilot‐sized CF show that the PEKKo sizing causes an improvement of fiber/PEKK interactions, regardless of the sizing method. Indeed, in both cases, there is a continuity of matter at the interface while we observe a poor wetting of CF by matrix in PEKK/unsized CF. Dynamic mechanical relaxations in shear were analyzed as a function of temperature. The increase of storage modulus upon sizing is observed for both methods but it is more important for PEKKo pilot sizing. In the same way, the mechanical energy loss increases, it reflects the optimization of stress transfer between matrix and fibers.

Published
2019

6. Innovative conductive polymer composite coating for aircrafts lightning strike protection

Author

Michel Bouquet, Eric Dantras, Antoine Lonjon, Vincent Bedel, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique

Subjects
Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Matériaux, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Coating, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Coatings, Materials Chemistry, Composite material, Electrical conductor, Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, Delamination, General Chemistry, Epoxy, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Thermosets, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Lightning strike, visual_art, Applications, visual_art.visual_art_medium, engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Current density
Abstract

International audience; A new kind of high electrical conductive epoxy coating with low filler rate was investigated for lightning strike protection (LSP) of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). The coating without CFRP substrate was firstly studied. The influence of silver submicronic wires (AgSWs) with a high aspect ratio on the electrical behavior is observed; that is, the electrical resistivity evolution, the current density value, and the electrical conduction mechanisms as function of temperature. The preponderant electrical conduction mechanism is an Ohmic behavior. The higher level of conductivity obtained is 5.5 × 105 S m−1 for 9% vol of AgSWs. Lightning strike tests were carried out on an epoxy/AgSWs coating filled with 8% in volume (74 gsm) and deposited on a CFRP. The ultrasonic testing after lightning strike on coated CFRP shows no structural delamination and demonstrates the interest of this new route for an efficient LSP.

Published
2019

7. Dynamic electrical and mechanical properties of epoxy/silver nanowires composites

Author

Michel Bouquet, Vincent Bedel, Eric Dantras, Colette Lacabanne, Antoine Lonjon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique

Subjects
Thermal properties, Materials science, Polymers and Plastics, Matériaux, 02 engineering and technology, Conductivity, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Slip (ceramics), [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Silver nanowires dynamic dielectric spectroscopy, Coating, Epoxy nanocomposite, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Dynamic modulus, Materials Chemistry, Composite material, Dynamic mechanical analysis, General Chemistry, Epoxy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Dielectric spectroscopy, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, 0210 nano-technology, Glass transition
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this work is to study electrically conductive composites from an epoxy matrix loaded with silver nanowires (AgNWs). Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and dynamic dielectric spectroscopy (DDS) were used to study the molecular mobility of the epoxy matrix and its epoxy/AgNWs composites. The influence of the epoxy/amine ratio on the macroscopic properties was analyzed. The loss modulus of the epoxy matrix highlights two major relaxations, β and α. The β relaxation is due to the localized mobility initiated by hydroxyl groups. The α trelaxation is the anelastic effect liberated at the glass transition. The introduction of a small amount of AgNWs (

Published
2021

8. Piezoelectric and mechanical behavior of NaNbO3/PEKK lead-free nanocomposites

Author

Eric Dantras, Mathieu Chevalier, Colette Lacabanne, Guilhem Michon, Camille Bessaguet, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux - CIRIMAT (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
Permittivity, Poly(ether ketone ketone), Materials science, Piezoelectric coefficient, Chimie-Physique, 02 engineering and technology, Science des matériaux, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, 0103 physical sciences, Piezoelectric nanocomposite, Materials Chemistry, Thermal stability, Ceramic, Composite material, 010302 applied physics, Dynamic mechanical analysis, Nanocomposite, Poling, Lead-free ceramic, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Piezoelectricity, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, visual_art, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Sodium niobate, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Lead-free piezoelectric nanocomposites based on poly(ether ketone ketone) (PEKK) and sodium niobate (NaNbO3) particles were elaborated. The presence of submicronic particles does not influence the thermal stability of the matrix so that no degradation phenomenon is observed before 500 °C. The conservative mechanical modulus G′ increases linearly with the NaNbO3 fraction; this variation is well fitted by the Kerner model until 20 vol%. Such nanocomposites remain ductile. The polarizing field required for obtaining piezoelectric nanocomposites is 12 kV·mm−1 i.e. analogous with the one used for poling bulk ceramic. The value of the piezoelectric coefficient (d33 = 0.2 pC·N−-1 for 20 vol% NaNbO3) is consistent with the Furukawa's model. This value is explained by the low PEKK permittivity. This low d33 is counterbalanced by the piezoelectric voltage constant (g33 = 103·10−3 Vm·N−1) which is higher than the one of classical piezoelectric ceramic like PZT or BaTiO3.

Published
2017

9. Validating Static WCET Analysis: A Method and Its Application

Author

Sun, Wei-Tsun, Jenn, Eric, Cassé, Hugues, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Thales (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Thales (France), Groupe de Recherche en Architecture et Compilation pour les systèmes embarqués (IRIT-TRACES), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], nML, 000 Computer science, knowledge, general works, Architectures Matérielles, ISS, Validation of WCET tools, Computer Science, Système d'exploitation, Réseaux et télécommunications, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, [INFO.INFO-OS]Computer Science [cs]/Operating Systems [cs.OS], Systèmes embarqués
Abstract

International audience; WCET analysis is a key activity in the development of safety critical real-time systems. Whether upper bounds on WCETs are obtained using static analysis or measurements, the confidence on the compliance of a system with its temporal requirements directly depends on the confidence on these estimations. Static WCET analysis based on abstract interpretation takes benefits from its formal foundations. However, it also strongly depends on the correctness of the underlying models. We hereby show how we have validated the version of the data flow static analyser of OTAWA applied to the AURIX TC275 target processor.

Published
2019

10. Fine-tuning of chemical and physical polymer surface modifications by atmospheric pressure post-discharge plasma and its correlation with adhesion improvement

Author

Lucie Brès, Audrey Sanchot, Nicolas Gherardi, Bertrand Rives, Maëlenn Aufray, Nicolas Naudé, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d'Energie - LAPLACE (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Sciences et Ingénierie des Plasmas Réactifs et des Arcs (LAPLACE-ScIPRA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)

Subjects
Materials science, Adhesion mechanisms, Matériaux, PEEK matrix, Atmospheric-pressure plasma, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Contact angle, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Materials Chemistry, Composite material, Atmospheric pressure, Atmospheric pressure plasma, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, Plasma, Adhesion, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Three-point bending test, Cross-cut test, Surface modification, Wetting, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Our study focuses on the use of a remote atmospheric pressure plasma process for the improvement of polymer surface reactivity. Indeed, surface activation of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers that use a polyetheretherketone matrix is required to achieve strong and long-term adhesion of paint on the composite. Emphasis will be placed on the contribution of gas plasma used on surface modification. We use two techniques to characterize adherence improvement: a qualitative and industrial approach with a cross-cut test and a quantitative approach with a three-point bending test. However, to provide a better understanding of the plasma-induced modifications using air or nitrogen gas, diagnostics of the surface are also necessary. The wettability improvement, chemical surface modifications, and topography are analyzed by using contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy, respectively. The combination of these diagnostics highlights the capability of plasma treatment to tune the plasma/surface interactions depending on gas plasma, which results in improved adhesion.

Published
2019

11. In-depth study of the influence of electrolyte composition on coatings prepared by plasma electrolytic oxidation of TA6V alloy

Author

H. Cerda, Laurent Arurault, Jérome Roche, Laurent Cassayre, M. Laveissière, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Liebherr-Aerospace Toulouse (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux - CIRIMAT (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Liebherr Aerospace Toulouse SAS (Toulouse, France), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Laboratoire de génie chimique [ancien site de Basso-Cambo] (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
Materials science, Matériaux, Alloy, Oxide, 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), Electrolyte, engineering.material, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, chemistry.chemical_compound, Thermodynamic calculations, [CHIM.GENI]Chemical Sciences/Chemical engineering, Coating, Coating characteristics, Materials Chemistry, Génie chimique, Electrolyte species, Plasma electrolytic oxidation, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, 0104 chemical sciences, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Amorphous solid, TA6V, Chemical engineering, chemistry, engineering, Mixed oxide, Titanium alloy, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Coatings were prepared on TA6V alloy by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) using a standard electrical signal. Influence of electrolyte composition on coating characteristics was then extensively studied using four electrolytes of increasing complexity, containing KOH, Na2SiO3 and NaAlO2. The combination of SEM, GDOES, XRD characterizations on the one hand and of thermodynamic calculations on the other hand, deeply clarified coating compositions, showing in particular that they include both amorphous and crystalline phases. Amorphous phase resulted directly from the presence of silicate in solution, and was made of complex Si-based oxides difficult to clearly identify. Depending on electrolyte composition, crystalline phases in coatings included simple oxide (i.e.anatase and rutile TiO2) and/or mixed oxide (Al2TiO5), resulting from both substrate oxidation and deposition from electrolyte. Therefore, this study successfully offered an innovative approach, combining both experimental characterizations and thermodynamic calculations, to study and tune chemical characteristics of PEO coatings on TA6V.

Published
2019

12. Corrosion rate determination of rare-earth Mg alloys in a Na2SO4 solution by electrochemical measurements and inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy

Author

Nicolas Caussé, Nadine Pébère, Samuel Leleu, Bertrand Rives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
lcsh:TN1-997, Materials science, Matériaux, Intermetallic, Analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Rare-earth elements, Electrochemistry, 01 natural sciences, Corrosion, law.invention, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, law, 0103 physical sciences, Emission spectrum, lcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgy, 010302 applied physics, EIS, Metals and Alloys, Interface, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Cathode, Mechanics of Materials, Magnesium alloys, Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, Electrode, ICP-OES, Inductively coupled plasma, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

The corrosion resistance of three Mg alloys containing rare-earth elements (WE43, EV31 and ZE41) was studied and compared to that of two Mg– Al alloys (AZ31 and AZ91) and of pure Mg (99.95 wt.%). Current-voltage curves and electrochemical impedance measurements were performed with rotating disk electrodes in an aerated 0.1 M Na2SO4 solution. For all the alloys, it was confirmed that the intermetallic particles acted as local cathodes and that more protective films were formed on the alloys surface by comparison with the pure Mg. Corrosion rates were determined from inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy measurements and from the electrochemical measurements. Higher corrosion rates were observed for the rare-earth Mg alloys compared to the AZ series alloys. These data allowed the corrosion mechanisms to be discussed. Keywords: Magnesium alloys, Rare-earth elements, EIS, ICP-OES, Interface

Published
2019

13. Piecewise Volterra Series Approximation for Improved Non-Linear Channel Modelization and Detection

Author

Marie-Laure Boucheret, Nathalie Thomas, Guillaume Buscarlet, Charly Poulliat, G. Mesnager, Jean-Alain Lucciardi, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Signal et Communications (IRIT-SC), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
Polynomial, Histograms, Standards, Computer science, Truncation, Satellites, Volterra series, 050801 communication & media studies, 02 engineering and technology, Transfer function, Receivers, 0508 media and communications, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Applied mathematics, Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem, Channel models, Modulation, Amplifier, Payloads, 05 social sciences, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Systèmes embarqués, Nonlinear system, Piecewise, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems
Abstract

International audience; In satellite communications, the non-linear distortions introduced by the amplifier in the payload have to be overcome. When advanced mitigation techniques are considered at the receiver side, the current channel model is often based on Volterra series derived from an approximation of the non linear transfer function of the on-board amplifier. This nonlinear model is conditioning the performance at the receiver side. In this paper, a new non-linear model is proposed, leading to improved receiver performances. The polynomial approximation is improved considering both the usual model truncation to the 3rd order and the signal fluctuation at the input of the amplifier. First, the impact of the polynomial order of the AM/AM and AM/PM curve approximation is studied. Then, a non-linear model is derived based on a piecewise polynomial approximation of the amplifier response. Based on this refined nonlinear model, significant detection performance improvements are shown for both Nyquist and Faster-than-Nyquist rates.

Published
2019

14. Electrical behavior of a graphene/PEKK and carbon black/PEKK nanocomposites in the vicinity of the percolation threshold

Author

Camille Bessaguet, Lydia Laffont, Colette Lacabanne, Eric Dantras, Mathieu Chevalier, Guilhem Michon, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux - CIRIMAT (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Materials science, Poly(ether ketone ketone), Matériaux, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Mechanical moduli, law.invention, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, law, Carbon black, Dielectric permittivity, 0103 physical sciences, Monolayer, Percolation threshold, Materials Chemistry, Electrical conductivity, Composite material, Génie des procédés, Electrical, 010302 applied physics, Nanocomposite, Graphene, Conductive nanocomposite, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Exfoliation joint, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Percolation, Ceramics and Composites, onductivity, 0210 nano-technology, Dispersion (chemistry)
Abstract

International audience; Graphene and carbon black have been dispersed in a high performance thermoplastic polymer, the poly(ether ketone ketone), to improve its electrical conductivity. The dispersion of graphene has a significant influence on the percolation threshold. A simple exfoliation protocol to obtain graphene monolayers has led to a significant decrease of the percolation threshold from 4.2 to 1.9 vol%. To the best of our knowledge, it is one of the lowest percolation values for unfunctionalized graphene dispersed by melt blending in a high performance thermoplastic matrix. The conductivity value above the percolation threshold (1.2 S·m−1) means that graphene was not degraded during the elaboration process. Below the percolation threshold, Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars phenomenon increases the dielectric permittivity from 2.7 to 210 for PEKK/6 vol% graphene at 180 °C and 1 Hz. Dynamic mechanical analyses have shown that mechanical moduli were not significantly modified by conductive particles until 6 vol%.

Published
2019

15. AMPLE: an anytime planning and execution framework for dynamic and uncertain problems in robotics

Author

Alexandre Albore, Charles Lesire, Florent Teichteil-Königsbuch, Caroline Ponzoni Carvalho Chanel, Jorrit T'Hooft, Airbus (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, and Airbus Central Research and Technology

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, PLANNING AND EXECUTION, Computer science, Planning and execution, Anytime framework, media_common.quotation_subject, 02 engineering and technology, Thread (computing), Action selection, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Artificial Intelligence, Autonomous robots, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, AUTONOMOUS ROBOTS, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH]Mathematics [math], Planning algorithms, Queue, Automatique / Robotique, media_common, [PHYS]Physics [physics], business.industry, Robotics, Modular design, Deliberation, Automated planning, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Artificial intelligence, ANYTIME FRAMEWORK, business, Software engineering, AUTOMATED PLANNING
Abstract

International audience; Acting in robotics is driven by reactive and deliberative reasonings which take place in the competition between execution and planning processes. Properly balancing reactivity and deliberation is still an open question for harmonious execution of deliberative plans in complex robotic applications. We propose a flexible algorithmic framework to allow continuous real-time planning of complex tasks in parallel of their executions. Our framework, named AMPLE, is oriented towards robotic modular architectures in the sense that it turns planning algorithms into services that must be generic, reactive, and valuable. Services are optimized actions that are delivered at precise time points following requests from other modules that include states and dates at which actions are needed. To this end, our framework is divided in two concurrent processes: a planning thread which receives planning requests and delegates action selection to embedded planning softwares in compliance with the queue of internal requests, and an execution thread which orchestrates these planning requests as well as action execution and state monitoring. We show how the behavior of the execution thread can be parametrized to achieve various strategies which can differ, for instance, depending on the distribution of internal planning requests over possible future execution states in anticipation of the uncertain evolution of the system, or over different underlying planners to take several levels into account. We demonstrate the flexibility and the relevance of our framework on various robotic benchmarks and real experiments that involve complex planning problems of different natures which could not be properly tackled by existing dedicated planning approaches which rely on the standard plan-then-execute loop.

Published
2019

16. Influence of Microstructure and Surface Roughness on Oxidation Kinetics at 500–600 °C of Ti–6Al–4V Alloy Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing

Author

Jonathan Hugues, Daniel Monceau, Antoine Casadebaigt, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
Materials science, Additive manufacturing, Matériaux, Alloy, Oxide, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, SLM, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0103 physical sciences, Oxidation, Materials Chemistry, Surface roughness, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Composite material, Génie des procédés, 010302 applied physics, Titanium, Acicular, Metals and Alloys, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, High temperature, Casting, TA6V, chemistry, Martensite, engineering, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; Ti--6Al--4V alloy (TA6V) is the most commonly used titanium-based alloy and is usually manufactured by casting, forging or rolling. Additive manufacturing is a new way of processing metal alloys; it is currently used for production purposes. This study focuses on the microstructure and oxidation kinetics of Ti--6Al--4V fabricated by laser beam melting. Some samples were HIP-treated (hot isostatic pressure). Ti--6Al--4V rolled and annealed was used as a reference material. Ti--6Al--4V fabricated by LBM exhibited prior $\beta$ grains elongated in the building direction with fully acicular martensite, $\alpha${\textasciiacutex}. Isothermal oxidations were performed at 500, 550 and 600Â {\textdegree}C for durations of 100, 200 and 500Â h. The oxidation kinetics followed a parabolic law. The weight gain of as-built LBM samples was twice as high as that of ground LBM samples of Ti--6Al--4V, although both sets had the same oxide layer thickness and depth of oxygen diffusion in the alloy. Ground LBM samples presented an oxidation rate close to that of conventional rolled and annealed Ti--6Al--4V alloys. It was shown the higher weight gain of LBM-produced Ti--6Al--4V samples was mainly due to their higher specific area and to the oxidation of partially melted powder on their surface.

Published
2018

17. On the stability of the oxides film formed on a magnesium alloy containing rare-earth elements

Author

Bertrand Rives, Samuel Leleu, Nicolas Caussé, Nadine Pébère, Jérôme Bour, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology - LIST (LUXEMBOURG), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, and Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST)

Subjects
Materials science, 020209 energy, General Chemical Engineering, Matériaux, Alloy, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, Electrochemistry, Chloride, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Corrosion, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, medicine, Magnesium alloy, Zirconium, EIS, Magnesium, Oxides film thickness, Complex-capacitance, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Yttrium, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, chemistry, Chemical engineering, engineering, 0210 nano-technology, ToF-SIMS, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; The electrochemical behaviour of a commercial magnesium alloy containing rare-earth elements, the WE43, was investigated by electrochemical techniques in both sulphate and chloride solutions and compared to that of pure magnesium (99.95 wt %). A particular attention was paid to the oxides film that formed during the corrosion process. Electrochemical impedance data analysis allowed the oxides films thickness to be determined. The film was thinner and more protective for the WE43 Mg alloy than for the pure Mg. ToF-SIMS analysis showed the incorporation of alloying elements, mainly yttrium and zirconium in the corrosion products layer. A higher compactness due to a higher Pilling-Bedworth ratio can explain the electrochemical results.

Published
2018

18. Bearing damage identification in oxide/oxide ceramic matrix composite with a new test design

Author

Marion Broutelle, Ludovic Barrièrre, Alain Daidié, Florent Bouillon, Alexandre Chardonneau, Frédéric Lachaud, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), SAFRAN (FRANCE), Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
Materials science, Bearing failure, Composite number, Oxide, Stacking, 02 engineering and technology, Ceramic matrix composite, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0203 mechanical engineering, Machining, law, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Damage mechanisms, Composite material, Civil and Structural Engineering, Bearing (mechanical), Plane (geometry), Delamination, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Microstructure, Mécanique des structures, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, chemistry, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Ceramics and Composites, Mécanique des matériaux, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

International audience; In this paper, the mechanisms of damage of an oxide/oxide ceramic matrix composite bearing are studied with a new experimental setup, the balanced quarter hole device (BQH). This test was designed to allow direct observation of the damage development on a material subjected to bearing failure. In a standard bearing experiment, real time monitoring is extremely difficult to set up, and post mortem observations of the bearing plane can be biased by the cutting operation. High speed cameras were used to take pictures of the bearing plane so that the damage development could be studied and a damage chronology established. The validity of the setup was verified by comparing the results obtained with those of a standard bearing test. Two different stacking sequences were studied, and the influence of the material microstructure and composite machining was investigated. It was shown that the first critical damage, matrix cracks, appeared before the load drop, and then led to delamination and kink bands, causing the final failure of the material.

Published
2020

19. Event-B Formalization of a Variability-Aware Component Model Patterns Framework

Author

Arnaud Dieumegard, Jean-Paul Bodeveix, Mamoun Filali, Assistance à la Certification d’Applications DIstribuées et Embarquées (IRIT-ACADIE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AR]Computer Science [cs]/Hardware Architecture [cs.AR], Theoretical computer science, Correctness, Computer science, Distributed computing, 02 engineering and technology, [INFO.INFO-SE]Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Interface homme-machine, Structuring, Operational semantics, Domain (software engineering), [INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR], Architectures Matérielles, 020204 information systems, Component (UML), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Formal refinement, Génie logiciel, Code generation, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Variability, Requirements analysis, computer.programming_language, Event (computing), 05 social sciences, 050301 education, 020207 software engineering, Design patterns, Critical systems, Modélisation et simulation, Systèmes embarqués, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, System engineering, Cryptographie et sécurité, Systems design, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Model-driven architecture, 0503 education, computer, Software
Abstract

International audience; In the domain of model-driven engineering, patterns have emerged as a ubiquitous structuring mechanism. Patterns are used for instance at the requirement analysis level, during system design, and during the deployment and code generation phases. We focus on formalizing the operational semantics of pattern application on component-based system designs. More precisely, our ultimate goal is to provide a semantic framework to support the use of patterns for the production of correct-by-construction architectures, i.e., the structural (static) correctness of the architectures obtained through the formal application of patterns. To that end, we propose an Event-B framework for patterns specification, instantiation and application. This model is built incrementally through horizontal refinements which introduce components, ports, and connectors. Patterns with variability are defined, instantiated and can be applied to user models. We show that these operations preserve the structural properties of hierarchical component models.

Published
2018

20. Overvoltage at motor terminals in SiC-based PWM drives

Author

Bouazza Taghia, Bernardo Cougo, Hubert Piquet, Jean-Pierre Carayon, David Malec, Antoine Belinger, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Groupe ENergie Electrique et SYStémique (LAPLACE-GENESYS), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Matériaux Diélectriques dans la Conversion d’Energie (LAPLACE-MDCE), Matériaux et Procédés Plasmas (LAPLACE-MPP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d'Energie - LAPLACE (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Energie électrique, Adjustable Speed Drives (ASD)- More Electrical Aircraft (MEA), Materials science, General Computer Science, Partial Discharges, 010103 numerical & computational mathematics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Theoretical Computer Science, Disruptive technology, More Electric Aircraft, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, SiC inverter, 0101 mathematics, Overvoltage, Frequency modeling, Numerical Analysis, business.industry, Applied Mathematics, Adjustable Speed Drives (ASD), [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Electrical engineering, Power (physics), Voltage overshoot, Modeling and Simulation, Harness, Inverter, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Transient (oscillation), business, Pulse-width modulation, Voltage
Abstract

International audience; Key points in the development of More Electrical Aircraft (MEA) are currently DC power distribution in higher voltage levels (540 V) and the use of disruptive technology such as Wide BandGap (WBG) semiconductors in power inverters. Using WBG components (SiC and GaN) increases the power converter mass density. However, fast switching of WBG components (tens of kV/s) induces voltage transient overshoots due to parasitic elements within the inverter. In addition, propagation and reflection phenomena along the harness connected to this inverter, even for small lengths, cause a significant voltage overshoot across the loads. Such overvoltage in Adjustable Speed Drives (ASD: association of inverter, harness and motor) supplied by the new HVDC 540 V aeronautical network could be fatal for the Electrical Insulation System (EIS). This paper proposes a fast and accurate modeling methodology to predict transient overvoltage; it allows us to analyze the impact of SiC inverter technology on overvoltage at motor terminals.

Published
2018

21. Optical test bench experiments for 1-Tb/s satellite feeder uplinks

Author

Aniceto Belmonte, Angélique Rissons, Karim Elayoubi, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya - UPC (SPAIN), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Département Electronique, Optronique et Signal (DEOS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, and Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC)

Subjects
Time series, Computer science, Optical communication, Keying, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Transmission (telecommunications), Free space optical communication, 0103 physical sciences, Broadband, Telecommunications link, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Traitement du signal et de l'image, Fading, Feeder uplinks, Atmospheric propagation, Adaptive optics, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Optical modulation, Free-space optical communication
Abstract

International audience; Due to expected capacity bottlenecks of exploited microwave technologies, feeder links for data relay or broadband access systems will require the implementation of high capacity optical communication links between space and ground. In this context, it is necessary a detailed investigation of the optical technologies and techniques that could enable the transmission of high data rates at optical frequencies through the Earth’s atmosphere, with regard to all kinds of atmospheric phenomena. In particular, the adverse effects of atmospheric turbulence fading are of special relevance to optical communication systems for ground-to-space uplink applications. Although previous studies and experiments have demonstrated the feasibility of such optical links at low data rate, research is still needed to identify technical solutions and strategies adapted to the specific constraints imposed to these high-speed links in order to ensure the required level of performance. Against this background, various test benches have been developed in order to characterize different modulation and detection techniques for optical communication systems prior to be incorporated in the conceptual design of future 1-Tb/s ground-space optical links. The expected performances of such an experimental demonstration are derived based on simulation models taking into account atmospheric turbulence effects, in order to prove the feasibility of reliable ground-space high date rate optical communication links. Our first simulation studies, considering On-Off Keying (OOK) and Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) modulations, have allowed us to understand the complexity of the link and to optimize both the transmitter and the receiver to achieve acceptable performance levels.

Published
2018

22. A CMOS gate driver with ultra-fast dV/dt embedded control dedicated to optimum EMI and turn-on losses management for GaN power transistors

Author

Plinio Bau, Frédéric Richardeau, Bernardo Cougo, Davy Colin, Marc Cousineau, Nicolas Rouger, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Convertisseurs Statiques (CS), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (Université de Toulouse), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Université de Toulouse - INP, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Convertisseurs Statiques (LAPLACE-CS), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])

Subjects
02 engineering and technology, High-electron-mobility transistor, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Computer Science::Hardware Architecture, Computer Science::Emerging Technologies, law, EMI, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Gate driver, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Power semiconductor device, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 050107 human factors, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Transistor, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Order (ring theory), 020207 software engineering, CMOS, Optoelectronics, business, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract

In this paper, a CMOS gate driver in $180\mathrm {n}\mathrm {m}$ technology is presented. The gate driver implements an integrated and independent ultra-fast $\mathrm {d}\mathrm {V}/\mathrm {d}\mathrm {t}$ control circuit dedicated to manage switch-on transients for $\mathrm {G}\mathrm {a}\mathrm {N}$ HEMT technology. In order to mitigate a detrimental effect in EMI spectrum for wide bandgap transistors, a novel method to reduce $\mathrm {d}\mathrm {V}/\mathrm {d}\mathrm {t}$ without increasing so much switching losses is proposed. A comprehensive benchmark with the classical method is also presented, where the gate driver resistance is typically adjusted. Simulations are conducted to show the feasibility of the proposed method and the amount of switching energy that can be saved. Time responses of a feedback loop lower than $200\mathrm {p}\mathrm {s}$ are expected. The preliminary characterization of the integrated CMOS circuit is shown.

Published
2018

23. A Bilevel Methodology for solving a Structural Optimization Problem with both Continuous and Categorical Variables

Author

Dimitri Bettebghor, Pierre-Jean Barjhoux, Stéphane Grihon, Youssef Diouane, Joseph Morlier, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes (DISC), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], DMAS, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes - DISC (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
Mathematical optimization, Continuous and Categorical Design Variables, Optimization problem, Computer science, Computation, Truss, Bilevel Methodology, 02 engineering and technology, Continuous variable, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Structural Optimization, 0203 mechanical engineering, Industrial design, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Key (cryptography), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Sensitivity (control systems), Mécanique des matériaux, Categorical variable
Abstract

International audience; In industrial structural optimization problems, two kinds of variables are involved : continuous variables, like geometrical parameters, and categorical variables like choices of material and cross-sectional shapes. A key difficulty of this kind of problem is the sensitivity of the computation cost with respect to the number of categorical design variables. In this article, a new methodology is proposed to address this mixed continuous-categorical structural optimization problem. For this purpose, a 10-bar truss test case representative for industrial design is introduced. Promising results have been obtained in terms of computation cost, compared to approaches based on combinatorial algorithms.

Published
2018

24. Remote atmospheric pressure plasma for improving acid-base surface properties of PEEK polymer: relevance to coating adhesion

Author

Bres, Lucie, Gherardi, Nicolas, Naudé, Nicolas, Rives, Bertrand, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d'Energie - LAPLACE (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE)

Subjects
Adhesion improvement, Plasmas, APPJ- Polymer, Wettability, Acid-base interactions
Abstract

Our study focuses on a remote atmospheric pressure plasma for the improvement of polymer surface reactivity. From the perspective of linking surface modifications to adhesives performances, wettability measurements are made using two models (Owens-Wendt-Rabel-Kaelble and Van Oss-Good-Chaudhury). This study is a contribution to correlate wettability with adhesion results obtained with three-point bending test. Acid-base properties of the treated polymeric surfaces are discussed according to the Lewis’s theory.

Published
2018

25. Planification de vidage d'images satellitaires par systèmes multi-agents auto-adaptatifs

Author

Jammot, Timothée, Kaddoum, Elsy, Rainjonneau, Serge, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), and Kaddoum, Elsy

Subjects
[INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Planification, planification, [INFO.INFO-RO] Computer Science [cs]/Operations Research [cs.RO], optimisation, Systèmes multi-agents coopératifs, Système multi-agents, Emergence, [INFO] Computer Science [cs], Intelligence artificielle, systèmes multi-agents coopératifs, émergence, adaptive multi-agent systems, emergence, Optimisation, [INFO.INFO-MA] Computer Science [cs]/Multiagent Systems [cs.MA], planning, optimization
Abstract

Low orbit Earth observing satellites store large amounts of acquired images on board during their missions. Planning the download of these images towards the Earth is a complex problem : the increasing number of images and stations causes a combinatorial explosion that is difficult to handle by existing techniques. We propose an adaptive multi-agent system to answer the complexity of the problem and optimize different download criteria. The agents of this system based on the AMAS4Opt model allow, thanks to their local behavior, the emergence of a satisfactory solution in a reasonable computation time. In this paper, we present the adaptive and cooperative behavior of these agents. A comparison with a commonly used algorithm on dynamic scenarios underlines the adequacy of the proposed approach., Les satellites d’observation de la Terre stockent de larges quantités d’images à bord au cours de leurs missions. La planification de télédéchargement de ces images vers la Terre est un problème difficile. En effet, le nombre croissant d’images et de stations réceptrices cause une explosion combinatoire difficilement traitée par les techniques existantes.Les systèmes multi-agents coopératifs ont montré leur adéquation pour résoudre efficacement une large variété de problèmes d’optimisation présentant une combinatoire élevée. Dans le système DOMAS ici présenté, les agents basés sur le modèle AMAS4Opt permettent l’émergence d’une solution satisfaisante en un temps de calcul raisonnable grâce à leur comportement local et coopératif. Une comparaison avec un algorithme couramment utilisé sur des scénarios dynamiques souligne l’adéquation de l’approche proposée.

Published
2018

26. Formulation of Aqueous Dispersions of PEKK by a Quantitative Structure Property Relationship Approach and Application to Thermoplastic Sizing on Carbon Fiberss

Author

Alexandre, Mike Abidine, Pérez, Emile, Lacabanne, Colette, Dantras, Eric, Franceschi-Messant, Sophie, Coudeyre, Damien, Garrigues, Jean-Christophe, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche et d'ingenierie des matériaux (CIRIMAT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Interactions moléculaires et réactivité chimique et photochimique (IMRCP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux - CIRIMAT (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de Recherche Fluides, Energie, Réacteurs, Matériaux et Transferts (FERMAT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SMODD - Systèmes Moléculaires Organisés et Développement Durable (SMODD), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT)

Subjects
Artificial neural network, Polymer composites, Processing technologies, Matériaux, Aqueous formulations, Thermoplastic sizing, PEKK, Quantitative structure property relationship, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract

International audience; The development of formulations for thermoplastic sizing on carbon fibers requires water dispersions of small polymer particles (< 20 µm). PolyEtherKetoneKetone (PEKK) is a high-performance polymer used as a matrix in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) or as a sizing agent. To limit the formulation steps and the use of organic solvents, the sonofragmentation process can be used to deagglomerate polymers, directly in the final aqueous formulation. The sonofragmentation process is controlled by multiple parameters and, in order to identify the key parameters, a quantitative structure property relationship (QSPR) study was performed using artificial neural networks (ANN). The 40 formulations of this study were characterized with the aim of quantifying the sonofragmentation effect. Various physicochemical techniques were used: Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), destabilization velocity of the dispersions by analytical centrifugation, and scanning electron microscopy. The results obtained showed that only two parameters (mass concentration of surfactant and duration of sonication) had a notable effect on the sonofragmentation process. By controlling these two parameters, it was possible to define a design space in the stability domain of the formulations and to calculate a sonofragmentation efficiency (ϕ) for four singular zones. Image analysis showed that the sonofragmentation process was accompanied by an increase in the number of particles with Particle size (Ps) < 20 µm. In optimized aqueous formulations, the majority of particles should have Ps < 20 µm.

Published
2018

27. Bird strike shielding materials: development of a high velocity impact test platform

Author

Barriere, Ludovic, Bouquet, Michel, Ferrero, Jean-François, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), SAMPE Europe, Matériaux / Compinnov TD, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Matériaux, Substitute bird, Bird strike, 3D-DIC, Test platform
Abstract

International audience; Commercial aircraft structures are exposed to bird strike events causing serious damages. Certification is thus required by regulation organizations and tests are performed using gas guns and birds of mass 1,8kg (JAR 25.631) (or 3,6kg for tail parts), which are launched at approximately 175m/s. In the design phase, modelling and simulation are rather used to assess and optimize the response of materials and structures under bird strike. However, it is difficult to correlate simulations with tests because of the very limited availability of test platforms for characterization and qualification from the smallest coupons to shielded structural component. The purpose of our work is to set up a test platform in close partnership with Institut Clément Ader (ICA), equipped with advanced metrology and combined with a virtual testing approach for correlation of tests and simulations up to 1m scale shielding concepts. New bird strike shielding materials could then be further developed at a lower cost in reduced time frames. Nonetheless the platform and virtual testing approach could be derived to other high velocity impacts (hail, engine debris, tire debris).

Published
2018

28. Advanced analysis of transient overvoltage in electromechanical chain fed by SiC inverter

Author

Bouazza Taghia, Bernardo Cougo, Hubert Piquet, David Malec, Antoine Belinger, Jean-Pierre Carayon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d'Energie - LAPLACE (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Groupe ENergie Electrique et SYStémique (LAPLACE-GENESYS), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, and Matériaux Diélectriques dans la Conversion d’Energie (LAPLACE-MDCE)

Subjects
Energie électrique, Partial Discharges, Harness, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, SiC inverter, Overvoltage, Frequency modeling, More Electrical Aircraft, SiC Inverter, More Electric Aircraft
Abstract

Key areas in the development of More Electrical Aircraft (MEA) are, currently, DC power distribution in higher voltage levels and the use of disruptive technology such as Wide BandGap (WBG) semiconductor. Using WBG components (SiC and GaN) increases the power converter mass density. However, fast switching of WBG components (tens of kV/µs) induces voltage transient overshoots due to parasitic coupling within the inverter. In addition, propagation and reflection phenomena along the harness, even for small lengths, cause voltage overshoots across the loads. Such overvoltage in an electromechanical chain (association of inverter, harness and motor) supplied by the new HVDC 540V aeronautical network could be fatal for the Electrical Insulation System (EIS). This paper proposes an accurate and fast model to predict overvoltage along a harness; it allows to analyze the impact of SiC inverter output voltage waveforms.

Published
2018

29. Formal development process of safety critical embedded human machine interface systems

Author

Eric Jenn, Bruno daAusbourg, Ning Ge, Yamine Ait-Ameur, Arnaud Dieumegard, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Thales (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), Beihang University (CHINA), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), SYSTEREL (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Systerel, Beihang University (BUAA), THALES, ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Assistance à la Certification d’Applications DIstribuées et Embarquées (IRIT-ACADIE), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Integration, 02 engineering and technology, S3, Interface homme-machine, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Data modeling, Software, Formal language, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [INFO.INFO-HC]Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC], Formal verification, 050107 human factors, media_common, computer.programming_language, business.industry, Lustre (programming language), Formal methods, 05 social sciences, Verification, Lustre, 020207 software engineering, Intelligence artificielle, Debugging, User interface, Safety-critical human machine interface system, LIDL, HLL, Software engineering, business, computer, Specification
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents a formal development process for safety-critical embedded Human-Machine Interface (HMI) systems. This formal approach is centered on the LIDL formal language and the S3 verification toolset. It is aimed at blurring the boundaries between modeling, design, verification and implementation for the development of HMI. From textual requirements to safety-critical embedded software, the development process integrates the following formal activities: modeling the behavioral aspect of user interfaces (UIs) using the LIDL language; translating LIDL to Lustre, with which we combine the functional library in Lustre; translating the Lustre design models into the HLL verification models; verifying formal properties expressed in HLL against the HLL model using the S3 toolset, and diagnosing design errors with the help of counterexample scenarios and debug tools. This formal development process is illustrated on a simple use case of part of the display component of an alert management system embedded in a three-wheeled robot.

Published
2018

30. Non-linearized amplifier and advanced mitigation techniques: DVB-S2X spectral efficiency improvement

Author

Fatima Barrami, G. Mesnager, Guillaume Buscarlet, Jean-Alain Lucciardi, Philippe Potier, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), and IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique

Subjects
Optimization, Computer science, Equalization (audio), 050801 communication & media studies, 02 engineering and technology, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, 7. Clean energy, Receivers, symbols.namesake, 0508 media and communications, Signal-to-noise ratio, Digital Video Broadcasting, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Waveform, Channel models, Computer Science::Information Theory, Modulation, Signal to noise ratio, Payload, Amplifier, Complexity theory, Payloads, 05 social sciences, Transmitter, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Spectral efficiency, Systèmes embarqués, Additive white Gaussian noise, Transmission (telecommunications), Communications satellite, symbols, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems
Abstract

International audience; The latest standardization DVB-S2X increases the achievable spectral efficiency of the satellite communications by around 15% in AWGN channel. In order to benefit from those improvements, the strong non-linear distortions introduced by the payload have to be overcome, mostly taking high back-off on the amplifier operation point. Nowadays, on- board amplifiers are linearized before being deployed, allowing low-complexity transmitters and receivers at the detriment of the payload's cost and reduced energy efficiency. In this paper, various techniques are investigated for the purpose of spectral efficiency improvement while releasing the amplifier linearization constraint. Iterative pre-distortion at the transmitter, turbo- equalization at the receiver and appropriate waveforms for transmission through non-linearized payload appear as strong candidates considering the results of this study.

Published
2018

31. Unshielded Cable modeling for Conducted Emissions Issues in Electrical Power Drive Systems

Author

Nicolas Roux, Victor Dos Santos, Jean-Pierre Carayon, Bernardo Cougo, Bruno Sareni, Bertrand Revol, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers - CNAM (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan (FRANCE), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux - IFSTTAR (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université de Cergy-Pontoise (FRANCE), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Rennes - ENS Rennes (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Université Paris-Sud 11 (FRANCE), Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d'Energie - LAPLACE (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Groupe ENergie Electrique et SYStémique (LAPLACE-GENESYS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Systèmes et Applications des Technologies de l'Information et de l'Energie (SATIE), École normale supérieure - Cachan (ENS Cachan)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Engineering, Conducted emissions, Common mode, Electromagnétisme, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), EMI, Power electronics, 0103 physical sciences, Conducted emissions - Common mode -Modeling, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Common-mode signal, Unshielded cable, 010302 applied physics, Drive, High Frequency, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.PLASMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Plasmas, Electromagnetic compatibility, Electrical engineering, Modeling, Power (physics), Inductance, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Plasmas, Electric power, business, Cable
Abstract

International audience; In power electronics applications, high frequency models for cables are necessary to understand EMI issues in pulsewidth modulation drives. This paper shows the approach developed at the French Institute of Technology (IRT) Saint-Exupery, in order to take account of the frequency dependency of unshielded power cables per-unit-length parameters for EMC simulations. Fast, predictive models are compared to different shapes numerical models. The method was applied to unshielded two and three wires cables. Finally, common mode (CM) emissions modeling is proposed to predict the CM noise currents, which are the most disturbing in any variable-speed drive systems. The modeling principle is to consider the complete CM circuit as a chain of quadripolar matrices.

Published
2017

32. Experimental Study of Iron Losses Generated by a Uniform Rotating Field

Author

A. Bernot, Jean-François Llibre, A. Giraud, Yvan Lefèvre, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d'Energie - LAPLACE (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Groupe de Recherches en Electrodynamique (LAPLACE-GREM3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Energie électrique, Electromagnétisme, 02 engineering and technology, Rotational losses, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Nuclear magnetic resonance, law, Iron losses, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Eddy current, Torque, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Physics, 010302 applied physics, Squirrel-cage rotor, Eddy currents, Rotating field, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, [SPI.PLASMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Plasmas, Mechanics, Magnetic hysteresis, Magnetic flux, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Electromagnetic coil, Plasmas, Excitation
Abstract

International audience; This paper introduces a mock-up with a solid iron cylinder rotating in a fixed excitation frame powered by dc current. A uniform field is created in the rotating cylinder, which is driven by an external motor. The braking torque is measured, allowing the study of iron losses generated by a uniform rotating field. The aim is to advance toward a vector iron loss model that takes into account different magnetization directions and their interdependency. The eddy current losses are the dominant loss source in the mock-up, rendering it easier to model. A standard eddy currents model is proposed. It models well the losses at low and medium magnetic flux density, but lower losses are measured near saturation levels. This could be due to the high thickness to radius ratio changing the eddy current paths near the edges of the rotor, which can be later analyzed by a full 3-D finite-element method analysis. A 2-D finite-element method simulation is performed, which estimates the magnetic flux heterogeneity in the rotor. Several lessons are drawn from this mock-up, which prepares a second version with a higher speed and a longer laminated stack rotor. A higher air gap will decrease the voltage fluctuation in the primary winding, a smaller angular opening of the excitation frame will improve the uniformity of the flux in the rotor.

Published
2017

33. An Adaptive Multipoint Formulation for Robust Parametric Optimization

Author

Marc Montagnac, Matthieu Meaux, Bijan Mohammadi, François Gallard, Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers - INSU (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Université de Montpellier (FRANCE), Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck - IMAG (Montpellier, France), Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Mathematical optimization, Control and Optimization, ComputingMethodologies_SIMULATIONANDMODELING, 02 engineering and technology, Management Science and Operations Research, Mathématiques générales, 01 natural sciences, Analyse numérique, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Parametric optimization, Aerodynamics, 0203 mechanical engineering, Sampling (signal processing), Control theory, Discrete optimization, 0103 physical sciences, Range (statistics), Gradient-based optimization, Parametric statistics, Mathematics, Continuous optimization, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Applied Mathematics, Adjoint method, Robust optimization, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Robust optimization Aerodynamics, Multipoint optimization, Theory of computation, [MATH.MATH-NA]Mathematics [math]/Numerical Analysis [math.NA]
Abstract

The performance of a system designed for given functioning conditions often seriously degrades, when operated at other conditions. Therefore, a system operating over a continuous range of conditions should be designed over this range. The aerodynamic shape optimization of an aircraft at multiple altitudes, angles of attack and Mach numbers is a typical case in aerospace. This paper links parametric and multipoint optimizations by the sampling of the operating condition ranges. It is demonstrated that this discrete set of operating conditions, used to formulate a composite objective function, must adequately be chosen. An algorithm is proposed to select these conditions, which ensures a minimal computational cost to the robust optimization. Wing aerodynamic multipoint optimizations using a lifting line model and Reynolds-averaged Navier---Stokes equations, derived with a discrete adjoint formulation, are given as examples.

Published
2015

34. O-band and C-band VCSEL based optoelectronic oscillator (VBO) for 1.25 Gbit/s pulsed RZ-OOK and RZ-DPSK free space optical transmissions

Author

Angélique Rissons, Karim Elayoubi, Christian Daniel Muñoz, Sergio Villamizar, Margarita Varón, Département Electronique, Optronique et Signal (DEOS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), and Universidad Nacional de Colombia (COLOMBIA)

Subjects
Optical fiber, C band, Physics::Optics, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Signal, VCSEL, law.invention, Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser, 010309 optics, law, RZ, 0103 physical sciences, Phase noise, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronique, C-band, VBO, DPSK, Optical modulation, Physics, business.industry, Free space communication, On-off keying, OOK, Optique / photonique, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Keying, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, O-band, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Optoelectronics, business, Free-space optical communication
Abstract

International audience; In this article, we propose the generation of a microwave signal through a VCSEL Based Optoelectronic Oscillator (VBO) for free space communication applications. This system is implemented using VCSELs in the O-band and C-band. The signals generated at 1.25 GHz and 2.49 GHz are used to produce experimentally Return-to-Zero On Off Keying (RZ-OOK) and Return-to-Zero Differential Phase Shift Keying (RZ-DPSK) modulations for free space optical communication.

Published
2017

35. Receiver for FTN signaling in non-linear channel: Joint channel estimation and synchronization

Author

Jean-Alain Lucciardi, Marie-Laure Boucheret, G. Mesnager, Charly Poulliat, Nathalie Thomas, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Signal et Communications (IRIT-SC), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse - IRIT (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Computer science, Channel estimation, 050801 communication & media studies, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Synchronization, Receivers, 0508 media and communications, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Traitement du signal et de l'image, Training, Frequency offset, Waveform, 05 social sciences, Detector, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Spectral efficiency, Systèmes embarqués, Kernel, Intersymbol interference, Frequency estimation, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Estimation, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Algorithm, Communication channel
Abstract

International audience; In order to increase the capacity of future satellite communication systems, faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling is increasingly considered. The gain in terms of transmission rate is obtained at the price of significant intersymbol interference (ISI) introduction. To benefit from an improved spectral efficiency (SE), many iterative detectors have already been investigated, demonstrating the interest of such a waveform in linear and non linear channels. A thorny point in FTN signaling remains its synchronization since the usual algorithms considered in the DVB-S2X standard cannot be applied on this waveform without significant loss on the performance. This paper proposes a synchronization scheme for FTN signaling in a satellite context. It is based on a Volterra decomposition of the received signal in order to fit both with linearized and non-linearized amplifiers which can be found in the satellite payload. Two steps, initialization and tracking are considered, based on training sequences fulfilling the DVB-S2Xs frames requirements. After start of sequence detection and frequency offset correction, the channel estimation is used for time offset issue in the two proposed schemes. Their performance are compared to the performance of a perfect synchronized detection.

Published
2017

36. A Model-Checking Approach to Analyse Temporal Failure Propagation with AltaRica

Author

Pierre Virelizier, Guillaume Infantes, Christel Seguin, Silvano Dal Zilio, Alexandre Albore, Équipe Verification de Systèmes Temporisés Critiques (LAAS-VERTICS), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Toulouse], ONERA, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), SAFRAN (FRANCE), and Laboratoire d'Analyse et d'Architecture des Systèmes - LAAS (Toulouse, France)

Subjects
Model checking, Correctness, Computer science, Computation, Distributed computing, Modeling Tools with Safety Assessment Capabilities, 0102 computer and information sciences, 02 engineering and technology, Extension (predicate logic), Translation (geometry), 01 natural sciences, System Engineering, Whole systems, Reliability engineering, Life-critical system, 010201 computation theory & mathematics, Model-Based Safety and Assessment, Temporal Model-Checking, Moïse, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems, Electronique, Embedded Systems, Verification of Safety Requirements
Abstract

International audience; The design of complex safety critical systems raises new technical challenges for the industry. As systems become more complex—and include more and more interacting functions—it becomes harder to evaluate the safety implications of local failures and their possible propagation through a whole system. That is all the more true when we add time to the problem, that is when we consider the impact of computation times and delays on the propagation of failures.We describe an approach that extends models developed for Safety Analysis with timing information and provide tools to reason on the correctness of temporal safety conditions. Our approach is based on an extension of the AltaRica language where we can associate timing constraints with events and relies on a translation into a realtime model-checking toolset. We illustrate our method with an example that is representative of safety architectures found in critical systems.

Published
2017

37. An Analog-to-Digital Converter Immunity Modelling based on a Stochastic Approach

Author

Geneviève Duchamp, S. Hairoud Airieau, A. Durier, Tristan Dubois, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Laboratoire de l'intégration, du matériau au système (IMS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux - IPB (FRANCE), Bordeaux Sciences Agro (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Université de Bordeaux (FRANCE), and Laboratoire de l'Intégration du Matériau au Système - IMS (Talence, France)

Subjects
Component, Engineering, Conducted emission, Analog-to-digital converter, DC-DC converter, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, law, Component (UML), 0103 physical sciences, Dispersion (optics), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Automatique / Robotique, Bottom-up approach, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, Stochastic process, Modeling, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Modélisation et simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Probability distribution, Shaping, Electronic board, Radio frequency, Akaike information criterion, business
Abstract

This paper deals with the immunity study of a 12-bits SAR (Successive Approximation Register) Analog-to-Digital converter from Analog Devices facing to an EM (ElectroMagnetic) disturbance. The RF (Radio Frequency) disturbances are injected through the V dd pin of the studied component and its behavior is modeled. Due to the dispersion of conversion results, the approach proposed here is based on a stochastic modeling. The identification of the statistical distributions, describing the behavior of the disturbed component, is performed using the Akaike information criterion. Modeling results are compared to DPI (Direct Power Injection) measurements.

Published
2017

38. A new methodology to extract the ICEM-CE internal activity block of a FPGA

Author

Andre Durier, S. Ben Dhia, A. Boyer, Ghfiri, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Analyse et d'Architecture des Systèmes - LAAS (Toulouse, France), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, Dynamic power, Electromagnetic compatibility, Réseaux et télécommunications, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Integrated circuits, 02 engineering and technology, Integrated circuit, law.invention, Conducted Emission, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], law, Embedded system, Dynamic demand, Internal Activity, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronique, business, Field-programmable gate array, FPGA, Block (data storage), ICEM
Abstract

International audience; This paper describes a new methodology of construction of the internal activity block of an ICEM-CE model of an FPGA based on a predictive approach using the estimation tools of the dynamic power and the static timing proposed by the manufacturer of the integrated circuit.

Published
2017

39. Impact of aging on the soft error rate of 6T SRAM for planar and bulk technologies

Author

Didier Regis, Thomas Rousselin, Alain Bensoussan, Guillaume Hubert, Marc Gatti, Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Thales (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), THALES, ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Toulouse], ONERA, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, and Thales Avionics

Subjects
Engineering, Aging, NBTI, 6T SRAM, Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY, 01 natural sciences, Modelling, law.invention, Reliability (semiconductor), law, 0103 physical sciences, Electronic engineering, Sensitivity (control systems), Static random-access memory, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, 010302 applied physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, 6T SRAM- SEE, Transistor, Avionics, Condensed Matter Physics, Modélisation et simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-SPACE-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Space Physics [physics.space-ph], SEE, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Soft error rate, Soft error, CMOS, Parametric model, business
Abstract

International audience; This paper evaluates the impact of aging on the radiation sensitivity of 6T SRAM for two planar bulk technologies. This study is motivated by the growing impact of aging and radiation effects on the reliability of CMOS technology. A modelling methodology dedicated to this new phenomenon is proposed. This modelling uses the radiation modelling device MUSCA SEP3 and an electrical aging modelling. First, the impact of aging on SEE sensitivity is studied through a parametric modeling of the threshold voltages of the transistors composing the 6T SRAM. Then, an operative avionics environment is modelled in order to evaluate the consequences on reliability.

Published
2017

40. Recherche d’une alternative au TA6V - Relation entre microstructures et propriétés de deux alliages de titane αβ

Author

Tranchand, Benoît, Larignon, Céline, Pérusin, Simon, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, and IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE)

Subjects
Mécanique des structures, Metaltechnics, Crack propagation, Alliage de titane, [PHYS.MECA.STRU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanics of the structures [physics.class-ph], Titanium alloys, High Performance Materials, Propagation, Fatigue, TA6V
Abstract

National audience; To reduce the processing cost of aeronautical parts, ongoing research is conducted to optimize material’s performances in their environment. One of the research project at IRT Saint-Exupéry is dedicated to the resistance against fatigue crack propagation of two titanium alloys, Ti54M and Ti575, potential candidates to replace TA6V. In that goal, the two alloys are subjected to thermal treatments in order to generate lamellar microstructure which improves the fatigue crack propagation resistance. After these treatments, the microstructures are characterized and the mechanical properties assessed. By comparing the results, the mechanical properties of Ti54M are equivalent to the mechanical properties of TA6V. So Ti54M could be an alternative alloy of the TA6V provided that complementary analyses are made; Afin de réduire l'ensemble des coûts de fabrication des pièces aéronautiques, des recherches sont faites pour optimiser les performances des matériaux par rapport aux contraintes qu'ils supportent. Un des projets de recherche de l'IRT Saint-Exupéry vise évaluer la résistance à la propagation des fissures en fatigue de deux alliages de titane, le Ti54M et le Ti575, susceptibles de remplacer le TA6V. Pour cela les alliages ont subi des traitements thermiques afin de générer des microstructures lamellaires qui améliorent la résistance à la propagation des fissures en fatigue. Après ces traitements thermiques les microstructures sont caractérisées et les propriétés mécaniques statiques et en fatigue sont évaluées. La comparaison des résultats permet de montrer que le Ti54M, en plus d'offrir une usinabilité améliorée par rapport au TA6V, a des propriétés mécaniques équivalentes au TA6V et pourrait donc être une alternative sous réserve d'analyses complémentaires.

Published
2017

41. Methodology of modeling of the internal activity of a FPGA for conducted emission prediction purpose

Author

A. Durier, A. Boyer, S. Ben Dhia, Chaimae Ghfiri, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Laboratoire d'Analyse et d'Architecture des Systèmes - LAAS (Toulouse, France), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, IRT Saint-Exupéry - Projet robustesse électronique, Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), and Université de Toulouse (UT)

Subjects
Engineering, business.industry, Conducted emission, Dynamic power, Réseaux et télécommunications, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Control engineering, Integrated circuits, 02 engineering and technology, Integrated circuit, Modélisation et simulation, law.invention, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, Power demand, law, Dynamic demand, Internal Activity, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Field-programmable gate array, business, FPGA, Block (data storage), ICEM
Abstract

This paper describes a new methodology of construction of the internal activity block of an ICEM-CE model of an FPGA based on a predictive approach using the estimation tools of the dynamic power and the static timing proposed by the manufacturer of the integrated circuit.

Published
2017

42. RZ-DPSK Optical Modulation For free Space Optical Communication Satellites

Author

A. Le Kernec, Jérôme Lacan, Angélique Rissons, L. Saint Antonin, Michel Sotom, Karim Elayoubi, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), and IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE)

Subjects
NRZ, 02 engineering and technology, computer.software_genre, Optics, 0203 mechanical engineering, RZ, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, DPSK, Physics, business.industry, On-off keying, OOK, Optique / photonique, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 020302 automobile design & engineering, Keying, PRBS, Differential phase, Simulation software, Pulse carver, Modulation, Free space optical communication, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, Satellite, business, Sensitivity (electronics), computer, Optical Transmitters, Free-space optical communication
Abstract

International audience; We demonstrate up to 4 dB improvement in optical receiver sensitivity using Return-to-Zero Differential Phase Shift Keying (RZ-DPSK) modulation compared with Non-Return-to-Zero On Off Keying (NRZ-OOK) in free space optical communication from satellite to ground at 40 Gbit/s data rate. This has been assessed using simulation software. An experiment is taking place to validate this result for 10 Gbit/s.

Published
2017

43. Modeling methodology of the conducted emission of a DC-DC converter board

Author

Andre Durier, M. A. Gonzalez Sentis, A. Boyer, C. Ghfiri, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, IRT Saint-Exupéry - Projet Robustesse Electronique, Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Component, Engineering, Conducted emission, electronic board, Semiconductor device modeling, Réseaux et télécommunications, DC-DC converter, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Component (UML), 0103 physical sciences, MOSFET, component, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, Dc dc converter, Bottom-up approach, 010302 applied physics, Interconnection, business.industry, Load modeling, Electrical engineering, Modeling, 020206 networking & telecommunications, modeling, conducted emission, Numerical models, Modélisation et simulation, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, bottom-up approach, Electronic board, business
Abstract

International audience; This paper proposes a methodology to model an electronic board according to a bottom-up approach. This method is applied to build the model of a synchronous buck DC-DC converter board for conducted emission prediction purpose. The different steps to select the model terminals and the construction of the component and PCB interconnect models are described.

Published
2017

44. Study of the thermal aging effect on the conducted emission of a synchronous buck converter

Author

M. A. Gonzalez Sentis, A. Boyer, Andre Durier, C. Ghfiri, Équipe Énergie et Systèmes Embarqués (LAAS-ESE), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, IRT Saint-Exupéry - Projet Robustesse Electronique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes [Toulouse] (LAAS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] (INP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UPS), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] (INP)

Subjects
Forward converter, Engineering, Ćuk converter, Réseaux et télécommunications, DC-DC converter, 02 engineering and technology, Electromagnetic emission, Inductor, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, [INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI], law, Degradation modeling, Electronic engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-RB]Computer Science [cs]/Robotics [cs.RO], Buck converter, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Thermal aging, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Accelerated aging, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, [SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, Capacitor, 13. Climate action, Robotique, business
Abstract

International audience; This paper studies the impact of the accelerated thermal aging on the conducted emission produced by a synchronous buck converter. The most degraded devices mounted on the DC-DC converter are identified and modeled in order to simulate the evolution of conducted emission and anticipate risks of non-compliance to emission requirements.

Published
2017

45. 3D Analytical Modelling of Sink Heat Distribution for Fast Optimisation of Power Converters

Author

Castelan, Anne, Cougo, Bernardo, Dutour, Sébastien, Meynard, Thierry, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Groupe de Recherche Energétique, Plasmas et Hors Equilibre (LAPLACE-GREPHE), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Convertisseurs Statiques (LAPLACE-CS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d'Energie - LAPLACE (Toulouse, France), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
Optimization, Energie électrique, Power Converter, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Heat Sink, Analytical Modelling, 3D FEM Simulation
Abstract

International audience; With the development of embedded systems, it is crucial to reduce weight of equipments. In power converter, heat sink is a heavy part that often can be reduced in volume and weight. There are several models and methods to calculate a heat sink thermal resistance. However the more precise these methods are, the more time consuming they are and thus they can be hardly integrated in a weight optimization routine. Using analytical models to calculate heat sink thermal resistance is a good compromise between execution time and precision of results.They are usually one-dimensional models which are simple but do not take into account heat spreading effects, which is important when power electronic heat sources are small compared to their heat sink. This paper describes a three-dimensional analytical model of forced convection plate fin heat sink, which will be compared with numerical simulation. A maximum difference of 2.5% has been observed between models. This analytical model will be used in an optimization routine to reduce the weight of an existing heat sink in order to show that fast and precise optimization of cooling system is possible with analytical models.

Published
2017

46. Comportement en matage de composites à matrice céramique oxyde/oxyde

Author

Broutelle, Marion, Lachaud, Frédéric, Dupleix-Couderc, Chloé, Daidié, Alain, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - INSA (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), and Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France)

Subjects
Mécanismes d’endommagement, Informatique et langage, Jonction boulonnée, Composite à matrice céramique, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract

Le comportement mécanique des liaisons boulonnées en composite à matrice céramique oxyde/oxyde a été caractérisé à l’aide d’essais de matage et d’une modélisation numérique. Les endommagements observés lors de la campagne d’essais sont similaires à ceux se développant lors du matage des composites à matrice organiques : flambement des fibres, ruptures matricielles, délaminages et bandes de cisaillement. Des essais interrompus ont montré que ces différents endommagements sont présents dès le pic de matage. La simulation numérique permet de modéliser à l’échelle du pli la dégradation des propriétés mécaniques du matériau. Les lois d’endommagements ont été implémentées sous le logiciel Abaqus, les paramètres mécaniques nécessaires étant identifiés par des essais de caractérisation matériau. Les résultats de la simulation montrent une bonne corrélation avec les essais. En effet, la modélisation permet de retrouver les différentes phases du matage sur la courbe de comportement, et les cartographies d’endommagement sont cohérentes avec les observations expérimentales.

Published
2017

47. Measurement of magnetic hysteresis swelling-up with frequency: impact on iron losses in electric machine sheets

Author

Jean-François Llibre, A. Giraud, A. Bernot, Yvan Lefèvre, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d'Energie - LAPLACE (Toulouse, France), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Groupe de Recherches en Electrodynamique (LAPLACE-GREM3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE)

Subjects
business.product_category, Materials science, Electric machine, High speed actuators, 01 natural sciences, Frequency dependency, law.invention, [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], law, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Electronic engineering, Eddy current, 010302 applied physics, Technologies Émergeantes, Mechanics, Frequency dependence, Intelligence artificielle, Magnetic hysteresis, Modélisation et simulation, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Magnetic field, Hysteresis, Sinusoidal waveform, [INFO.INFO-ET]Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET], Swelling, medicine.symptom, business, Iron losses Magnetic hysteresis measurements
Abstract

International audience; This paper relates to the measurement and the modeling of iron losses in electric machines by studying the influence of frequency on magnetic hysteresis. Indeed, increasing frequency involves a swelling-up of the hysteresis loop, influencing several magnetic properties and so iron losses. The proposed study is to characterize a FeSi NO20 steel sheet under sinusoidal waveform at different level of magnetic flux density by varying the frequency. The measurements provide information about the magnetic behavior under frequency variation. Then, iron losses are decomposed to highlight their different components, as hysteretic or eddy current losses. The perspective of the study is to improve a quasi-static model of hysteresis based on the play model by turning it into a dynamic one. Finally, taking into account dynamic effect involves a far better accuracy of iron losses modeling.

Published
2017

48. Recent advances in on-line PDs’detection in power conversion chains used in aeronautics

Author

Cedric Abadie, Thibaut Billard, Thierry Lebey, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), and Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d'Energie - LAPLACE (Toulouse, France)

Subjects
Engineering, Electrical load, Switched-mode power supply, Aircraft, Partial Discharges, Motors, Electromagnétisme, 02 engineering and technology, Power factor, Pressure effects, 01 natural sciences, Pulse width modulation, Electric power system, Traitement des images, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Power density, 010302 applied physics, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Electrical engineering, Line (electrical engineering), Power module, Wavelet transform, Electric power, business
Abstract

At the dawn of this new millennium, transportations facing a much greener approach, the main aircrafts manufacturers have to change their paradigms: to replace the combination of hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical and mechanical power by a « More » (and “All” in the future) Electrical Aircraft approach consisting in drastically increasing the power density of electrical power systems without compromising on reliability. The increasing demand for more on board electrical power has led to increase the voltage and/or to change its shape. Such an increase may lead, depending on many parameters related to the electrical characteristics of the power chain (power converter, voltage waveform (dV/dt, frequency, …), the cables length, the type of machine driven) or to the environment (pressure, temperature, relative humidity) to the Partial Discharges Ignition in systems which were not supposed (and have not been designed) to endure them. Partial Discharges are voltage-dependent electrical discharges in insulation, which : - do not lead to a direct breakdown of the system, - lead to a gradual deterioration of the insulating material and to its premature failure - is often defined as “the silent enemy One of the main questions to address is the development of an approach for PD detection in type I machines (according to EIC 60034-18-41) ie machines supposed to be PD free allowing the determination of their existence under very different electrical conditions (PWM) due to the wide nature of the embarked equipment and to the different possible natures of the discharges. Recent advances made in the related different topics i.e on line PD detection under PWM voltage, influence of the pressure, influence of the components types…will be presented and discussed regarding their consequences.

Published
2017

49. Towards the Industrialization of New MDO Methodologies and Tools for Aircraft Design

Author

François Gallard, Rémi Lafage, Thierry Y. Druot, Benoit Pauwels, Maxime Hamadi, Charlie Vanaret, Vincent Gachelin, Stéphane Grihon, Patrick Sarouille, Anne Gazaix, Vincent Ambert, Damien Guénot, Nathalie Bartoli, Thierry Lefebvre, Nicolas Desfachelles, Joel Brezillon, Selime Gürol, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Airbus Defence and Space [Toulouse], Sogeti High Tech, ALTRAN (FRANCE), ONERA - The French Aerospace Lab [Toulouse], ONERA, Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique (CERFACS), CERFACS, Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National d'Études Spatiales - CNES (FRANCE), EDF (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Total (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), Météo France (FRANCE), SAFRAN (FRANCE), Sogeti (FRANCE), and Centre Européen de Recherche et Formation Avancées en Calcul Scientifique - CERFACS (Toulouse, France)

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Computational structural mechanics, business.industry, Deployment of MDO methods, Multidisciplinary design optimization, Technologies Émergeantes, 02 engineering and technology, Manufacturing engineering, [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Industrialisation, Software, 0203 mechanical engineering, Software deployment, Scalability, Deep knowledge, [INFO.INFO-ET]Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET], Electronique, business
Abstract

International audience; An overall summary of the Institute of Technology IRT Saint Exupery MDA-MDO project (Multi-Disciplinary Analysis - Multidisciplinary Design Optimization) is presented. The aim of the project is to develop efficient capabilities (methods, tools and a software platform) to enable industrial deployment of MDO methods in industry. At IRT Saint Exupery, industrial and academic partners collaborate in a single place to the development of MDO methodologies; the advantage provided by this mixed organization is to directly benefit from both advanced methods at the cutting edge of research and deep knowledge of industrial needs and constraints. This paper presents the three main goals of the project: the elaboration of innovative MDO methodologies and formulations (also referred to as architectures in the literature 1) adapted to the resolution of industrial aircraft optimization design problems, the development of a MDO platform featuring scalable MDO capabilities for transfer to industry and the achievement of a simulation-based optimization of an aircraft engine pylon with industrial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Computational Structural Mechanics (CSM) tools.

Published
2017

50. On the Consequences of the 'No Free Lunch' Theorem for Optimization on the Choice of an Appropriate MDO Architecture

Author

François Gallard, Joaquim R. R. A. Martins, Charlie Vanaret, Michigan State University - MSU (USA), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique (FRANCE), IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Department of Aerospace Engineering [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], and University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System

Subjects
[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Scalable analytic replacement function, Structure (mathematical logic), 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Mathematical optimization, Dependency (UML), Multidisciplinary design optimization, No free lunch theorem, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Set (abstract data type), Test case, Autre, 0203 mechanical engineering, 0103 physical sciences, Scalability, Architecture, Algorithm, Mathematics
Abstract

International audience; Multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) based on high- delity models is challenging due to the high computational cost of evaluating the objective and constraints. To choose the best MDO architecture, a trial-and-error approach is not possible due to the high cost of the overall optimization and complexity of the implementation. We propose to address this issue by developing a generic methodology that applies to any (potentially expensive) physical problem and generates a scalable approximation that can be quickly computed, for which the input and output dimensions may be set independently. This facilitates evaluation of MDO architectures for the original MDO problem by capturing its structure and behavior. The methodology is applied to two academic MDO test cases: the Supersonic Business Jet problem and the propane combustion problem. Well-known architectures (MDF, IDF and BLISS) are benchmarked on various instances to demonstrate the dependency between the performance of the architecture and the problem dimensions.

Published
2017

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