Search

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and biodegradable pots are environmentally friendly and enhance plant growth in adverse soil conditions. These studies explored AMF interactions and biodegradable pots in physiology, growth, and the uptake of nutrients in Samanea saman seedlings. The present research interactive effects of biodegradable pots with different compositions and raw material sizes with and without AMF inoculation on S. saman grown in silica post-mining soil media. Results indicated AMF inoculations significantly improved leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, heights, diameters, biomass, as well as nutrient absorption of S. saman as compared with non-inoculated plants in biodegradable pots. AMF and biodegradable pots composed of 15% used newspaper, 70% compost, 5% cocopeat, and 10% rock phosphate showed the best results and increased the leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate, height, diameter, and total biomass of the plants by 161.1%, 208.7%, 263.6%, 118.1%, and 269.9%, respectively, compared to biodegradable pots composed only of used newspaper. Additionally, uptake of the nutrients nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, and magnesium increased by 365%, 800%, 369%, and 250%, respectively. By the fourteenth week after transplanting, the C/N ratio of the organic pot decreased significantly. Thus, AMF and biodegradable pots containing compost and rock phosphate interact positively and enhance the growth of S. saman under adverse soil conditions. These findings suggest that biodegradable pots containing compost and rock phosphate show potential as more environmentally friendly replacements for plastic bags (polybags) as growth medium containers for seedling production.

Objective Traditional fermented meat products can be considered a source of bioactive peptides. Cangkuk, a traditional Indonesian fermented beef product is one source of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides. This study aimed to identify ACE-inhibitory peptides from Cangkuk and analyze their antihypertensive effects. Methods The water-soluble fraction of Cangkuk was fractionated to obtain ACE-inhibitory peptides using an ethanol solvent at several concentrations and solid-phase extraction with an OASIS HLB cartridge followed by purification with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). HPLC-MS was used to identify target peptides, followed by automatic protein sequencer analysis to detect peptide sequences. Antihypertensive effects were analyzed on the water-soluble fraction and synthesized peptides. The animal model comprised 14-16-week-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) (~320 g average body weight) with mean systolic blood pressures (SBPs) higher than 190 mmHg. All oral doses of peptides were 1 mL in volume. Distilled water was used as a control. The antihypertensive activities of the sample and control were observed by measuring the SBP at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h after oral administration. Results Two sequences of ACE inhibitory peptides were found, EAPLNPKANR (IC50 value of 44.6 μmol/L) and IVG (IC50 value of 97.3 μmol/L). The water-soluble fraction demonstrated an antihypertensive effect on SHRs after oral administration at 100 mg/kg body weight, maximally lowering the SBP by 14.9 mmHg 8 h after administration. The tripeptide IVG showed the highest reduction of SBP, 24.76±2.1 mmHg 8 h after administration. The decapeptide EAPLNPKANR showed the highest reduction of SBP, 21.0±1.9 mmHg, 8 h after administration. All the samples differed significantly from the control (p

The efficacy of the BCG vaccine, a widely recognized tuberculosis vaccine, has shown varying degrees of effectiveness, ranging from 0% to 80%. Sirohydrochlorin cobaltochelatase (CbiX), found in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, plays a crucial role in the bacteria metabolism, making it a promising target for future vaccine and drug development. Although several studies had been published regarding its role in M. tuberculosis vitamin B-12 metabolism, the potentials of CbiX protein as a vaccine candidate had not been widely discussed nor explored. This study focuses on the cloning and expression of the Rv0259c gene obtained from a clinical isolate of M. tuberculosis, as well as the exploration of CbiX protein epitopes. The Rv0259c gene was isolated by PCR, cloned into the pGEM®-TEasy vector, and subsequently sub-cloned into the pTrcHisA expression vector. Sanger sequencing, followed by BLASTN and BLASTX analyses, confirmed the presence of the CbiX protein-encoding gene. The amino acid sequence was predicted using BioEdit v.7.0.11, and a three-dimensional (3D) model was generated using SwissModel. Exploration for both B and T-cell epitopes was conducted using IEDB Ellipro, MHCI, and MHCII tools, revealing highly immunogenic epitopes, indicating the potential of CbiX as a vaccine candidate. Alignment using MAFFT between the putative amino acid sequence and CbiX proteins available in the NCBI database identified an amino acid variation (A182), situated outside the B-cell epitopes but within the T-cell epitopes. In silicoanalysis of HLA allele frequency predicted vaccine coverage of 86.14%±10.77%, with two significant epitope cores identified: AASAHPHVT and RRVAVASFL (both highly antigenic and showing high-frequency HLA allele binding), suggesting the protein might be a potential antigen for a future vaccine candidate. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-04-07 Full Text: PDF

The purpose of this study is to ascertain how perceived usefulness affects on behavioral intention, with trust acting as a mediating factor in the Shopeepay e-wallet service in Padang. The population in this study are users who intend to use the Shopeepay e-wallet service in the city Padang, with sample size as many as 140 users. Purposive sampling is the procedure used in the sampling approach. The Partial Least Square (PLS) test is used in the data analysis procedure. According to the research's findings, perceived usefulness has a positive effect on behavioral intention. It also found that perceived usefulness has a positive effect on trust. Trust has a positive effect on behavioral intention. The next finding was that trust mediates the effect of perceived usefulness on behavioral intention

This article aims to expose the revitalization of Siriah Gadang cultural values in Galombang dance performed in Guguak village, Pariangan, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra. Siriah Gadang is almost extinct because it is very rarely used. It is a cultural object with the same function as Carano, which is currently used for Galombang dance performances. To achieve this goal, qualitative research was used through observation, documentation, in-depth interviews, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) techniques. The data obtained were analyzed using the Miles and Haberman model. It was found that the cultural values in Siriah Gadang are customary values, ethical values, social values, religious values, and leadership values reflected in the philosophy of the Minangkabau people “adaik basandi syarak, syarak basandi Kitabullah.”

The development of information technology has made it easy to access all information according to certain interests and purposes, including bringing a tendency to plagiarism. In the world of education, plagiarism can occur starting from various levels of education, including at the university level. Plagiarism at the university level carried out by various circles can be categorized into plagiarism carried out intentionally or unintentionally both on all or part of the work of others without including adequate reference sources in order to achieve certain goals or targets. The impact of plagiarism can occur in three aspects, namely, the impact on the perpetrators of plagiarism, especially the losses that will be felt in the future, the development of science that will be hampered, and the future of educational institutions in Indonesia related to public trust and the quality and value of its usefulness which results in a decrease in the quality of human resources in an effort to advance the nation and state.

A growing number of Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) patients will achieve adulthood. We aim to assess the characteristics, clinical course, and outcomes of Adult CHD (ACHD) patients attending the Emergency Department (ED) of a referral center. Seventy-five patients, 35 females (47%) were included. The mean age was 40 (±15) years. 35 patients (47%) had complex defects, and 29 patients (39%) were in NYHA class III-IV. Main symptoms were: dyspnea 22 (29 %), palpitations 20 (27%), fever 8 (11%), syncope 6 (8%), neurologic symptoms 7 (9.3%), chest pain 5 (7%). Heart failure and arrhythmias accounted for 23 (31%) and 20 (27%) of ED diagnoses. Twenty-eight patients (37%) were discharged, one patient died during observation, 32 patients (69 %) were admitted to a cardiology ward, 6 (13%) to the intensive care unit, and 8 (17%) to a non-cardiological ward. At a follow-up of 701 (554-984) days, 10 patients (13%) died, 2 (2.6%) were transplanted, 3 (4%) were listed for a heart transplant, and 30 (41 %) were re-admitted. In multivariate analysis, complex anatomy was weakly associated with readmissions. These preliminary data indicate that attendance of ACHD patients is epidemiologically relevant.

Abstract Background Anopheles vagus (subgenus Cellia) has been identified as a vector for malaria, filariasis, and Japanese encephalitis in Asia. Sporozoites of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax have been found in this zoophilic mosquito in Asia and Indonesia. This study systematically reviews publications regarding An. vagus species, variation, bio-ecology, and malaria transmission in various localities in Asia, especially Indonesia, to determine whether the current data support An. vagus as a species complex. Methods The databases Pubmed, Scopus, Europe PMC, and Proquest were searched to identify information regarding the morphology, karyotypes, polytene chromosome, cross-mating, ecology, and molecular identification of An. vagus was then evaluated to determine whether there were possible species complexes. Results Of the 1326 articles identified, 15 studies were considered for synthesis. The Anopheles spp. samples for this study came from Asia. Eleven studies used morphology to identify An. vagus, with singular studies using each of karyotype identification, chromosomal polytene identification, and cross-breeding experiments. Ten studies used molecular techniques to identify Anopheles spp., including An. vagus. Most studies discovered morphological variations of An. vagus either in the same or different areas and ecological settings. In this review, the members of An. vagus sensu lato grouped based on morphology (An. vagus, An. vagus vagus, An. vagus limosus, and An. limosus), karyotyping (form A and B), and molecular (An. vagus genotype A and B, An. vagus AN4 and AN5). Genetic analysis revealed a high conservation of the ITS2 fragment among members except for the An. vagus genotype B, which was, in fact, Anopheles sundaicus. This review also identified that An. vagus limosus and An. vagus vagus were nearly identical to the ITS2 sequence. Conclusion Literature review studies revealed that An. vagus is conspecific despite the distinct morphological characteristic of An. vagus and An. limosus. Further information using another barcoding tool, such as mitochondrial COI and ND6 and experimental cross-mating between the An. vagus and An. limosus may provide additional evidence for the status of An. vagus as a species complex.

ABSTRACT: In 2018 30.8% of children in Indonesia were stunted. Although the prevalence of stunting has decreased from 37.2% in the previous year, namely 2013, the stunting rate in Indonesia remains high and there are still two provinces with a prevalence above 40%, in Gatak District, Sukoharjo Regency itself there are still 268 stunting toddlers with a percentage of 8.55% in 2022. Many factors result in stunting events, one of which is the cadre knowledge factor. The role of cadres is very important because cadres are responsible for implementing the Primary Health Care Program and the smooth detection of stunting.This quasy experiment was conducted with pre-test and post-test with control group design. The subjects of this study were health cadres in Gatak District, Sukoharjo Regency. The intervention group was health cadres in Krajan Village and the control group was cadres from Sanggung Village. The intervention group was the group that received health counselling with media, while the control group was the group that received health counselling without media. Pretest data was obtained before health counselling, while post-test was conducted after health counselling and several weeks later after health counselling was conducted. Data analysis used Repeated Anova test by SPSS Version 22.The results showed that from pretest, posttest-1, and posttest-2, both the highest and lowest scores obtained increased, compared to the control group. There was a significant increase in knowledge scores in the booklet media interventions group from pre-test 15.21 ± 2.39 first post test and 17.05 ± 2.29 and second post-test 19.68 ± 2.38. While in the control group the knowledge score from the pre-test was 15.52 ± 2.79, slightly increased in the first post-test 7.26 ± 2:34, and the second post-test was 17.26 ± 2.26 the same. There was a significant difference after the second post-test of knowledge scores between the intervention and control groups (p-value 0.003) an effect size of 0.96.Research showed that health counseling provided to cadres can increase the value of knowledge in both control groups and treatment groups. Although there is not much difference, the results of the study show that the use of media in health care can provide better results than the value of cadres.

The Effect of Financial Performance on Stock Prices in Telecommunications Sub Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of financial performance on stock prices in telecommunications sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesian stock exchange. This study used a sample of 8 companies. The test used to test this research is the classical assumption test which consists of multicollinearity test, autocorrelation test, and heteroscedasticity test. Multiple linear analysis and hypothesis testing consisting of the coefficient of determination and partial t test. The results showed that partially the Total Assets Turnover (X1) variable had a positive and significant effect on Stock Prices(Y), the Dept to Equity Ratio variable (X2) had a negative and not significant effect on Stock Prices (Y), Return on Assets (X3) had a negative and no effect significant to the Stock Price (Y).

This research delves into the aesthetic elements of 'Khabar Mati,' a renowned folk theater performance in the Southern Coastal region. The study employs qualitative analysis with a descriptive method to decipher this traditional theatrical expression's intricate artistic and cultural dimensions. The research meticulously examines the narrative and performance aspects of 'Khabar Mati,' providing a comprehensive analysis of the text and its enactment on the stage. Through this in-depth investigation, the study aims to provide valuable insights into the rich aesthetics embedded within 'Khabar Mati.' The findings promise to shed light on the profound artistic heritage of the Southern Coastal communities, offering a deeper understanding of the cultural and aesthetic significance of this captivating folk theater tradition. By scrutinizing the textual and performative aspects, this research provides a holistic exploration of 'Khabar Mati,' contributing to a more comprehensive appreciation of its artistic and cultural merits.

Revitalization is a systemic process and methodology to reactivate local potentials in the context of preserving important cultures in the face of changing times. Revitalization of local culture as a big job, not just an activity to explore the heritage of tradition and then preserve it. Rather, that local culture stored in cultural heritage is used as a light in accompanying and coloring the musical character of the nation. Change can only be through real activities and not discourse, "this is where creativity and cultural values that can build human character lie. The collapse of traditional culture is not impossible that the Indonesian nation will lose its identity in the future. The degradation of the younger generation's interest in learning about their local culture must be resolved immediately.

The potential of local culture, namely Piriang Diateh Karambia Dance in tourism development, is part of a product of human creativity that has economic value. This innovative goal is to analyze local culture as a cultural tourism attraction in Solok City which is packaged in the form of performances. Piriang Diateh Karambia dance is in the tourist bag in Solok City. This service method used is qualitative analysis through direct observation and indepth interviews with related parties. To analyze the potential and problems in the local culture of Piariang Diateh Karambia Dance as a cultural tourism attraction at the location where Piriang Diateh Krambia Dance grows including internal and external potential and problems. Local culture of Piriang Diateh Karambia Dance, especially in Solok City in general, has unique potential and art product centers need to be innovative as a means of performing arts that can increase cultural tourism. Innovative strategies as an increase in the local culture of Piariang Diateh Karambia Dance will attract tourists who come to the cultural bag in Solok City. Innovative local culture of Piriang Diateh Karambia Dance in Solok City, made into attractive packaging as a performing art to come to Solok City. Besides being presented as a performing art that will stimulate community economic growth through UMKM in natural tourism pockets in Solok City.

The open dumping system implemented by the Batu Layang landfill can produce leachate, contaminating groundwater around the landfill. Groundwater contaminated with leachate, if used by the community, can cause health problems. Therefore, management efforts were needed, such as subsurface leachate modeling. This study aims to model the distribution of subsurface leachate in 2 dimensions. The modeling of leachate distribution below the soil surface used the Wenner configuration geoelectric method. The number of geoelectric measurement paths was two paths. The length of each track was 195 m, with a distance of 5 m between the electrodes. Data obtained from resistivity values were analyzed using the Res2Dinv application. The calculation of leachate discharge used the water balance method. Based on the inversion results using the Res2Dinv software, the resistivity value of leachate-contaminated soil in line 1 was 1.19-9.43 Ωm, and track 2 was 0.5-10.2 Ωm. The leachate resistivity value was

Pembelajaran ilmu pengetahuan alam masih banyak yang menggunakan metode satu arah. Pengajar masih belum banyak menggunakan metode yang bervariasi. Selain itu, penggunaan media juga sangat diperlukan dalam pembelajaran yang melibatkan aktivitas siswa dan menarik serta menyenangkan siswa sehingga siswa akan memperoleh kemampuan yang baik. Oleh karena itu, solusinya pendidik dan peserta didik di lapangan harus dapat mengembangkan kegiatan salah satunya dengan pembuatan herbarium serta identifikasinya, maka tujuan pembelajaran akan tercapai dengan sempurna. Metode pelaksanaan dalam pelatihan ini adalah dengan survei, pendekatan kepada mitra yang dituju, melaksanakan pelatihan dan evaluasi. Hasil kuesioner yang disimpulkan adalah 100% peserta pelatihan menyatakan kegiatan pelatihan ini sangat bermanfaat bermanfaat karena dapat mengetahui cara membuatnya sehingga membuat tertarik peserta pelatihan untuk membuatnya sendiri.

This article provides an overview of Ipomoea batatas L., the Ipomoea genus. The review covers traditional uses, nutritional value, phytochemical compounds, pharmacological activities, and toxicity studies. Data were collected from scientific databases and search engines. Sweet potatoes are used in various countries for traditional uses such as dietary fiber sources, treating allergies, and providing energy in diabetes mellitus treatment. The primary phytochemical compounds in Ipomoea batatas are phenolic compounds, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and carotenoids. Sweet potato contains several nutritional constituents: vitamin C, protein, fiber, carbohydrates, β-carotene, and minerals. Sweet potato exhibits various pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, aphrodisiac, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. The types of phytochemical compounds in each part of the plant are different. Each pharmacological activity and mechanism of action depends on the phytochemical compounds, part and variety of the plant, and extraction solvent. However, further study is required to investigate the chronic toxicity of Ipomoea batatas.

The presence of groundwater and landslides have a close relationship, especially in the context of the influence of groundwater on slope stability. High groundwater levels can cause an increase in hydrostatic pressure on slopes, reduce soil carrying capacity, and reduce friction between soil particles. A decrease in the carrying capacity of the soil causes a decrease in the carrying capacity of the soil on the slopes. This condition can lead to a decrease in slope stability and the potential for landslides to occur. Therefore, it is essential to map subsurface conditions in landslide-affected areas and identify the potential aquifers. One of the geophysical methods that can describe this is the resistivity geoelectric method. The working principle of the resistivity geoelectric method is to inject an electric current into the soil through a pair of current electrodes and then read the electric potential difference through a pair of potential electrodes so that the resistivity value in the medium below the soil surface can be determined. Data collection was carried out in three tracks. The resistivity value on the first track is in the range (4.09 – 0.5) Ωm and reaches a depth of 31.6 m. The resistivity value on the second track is in the range (6.91 – 105) Ωm and reaches a depth of 31.6 m. The resistivity value on the third track is in the range (13.1 – 512) Ωm and reaches a depth of 15.9 m. Finally, there are also indications of the presence of groundwater in the first and second tracks, which are characterized by low resistivity values in the resistivity cross-sectional images

BPJS claim is the submission of all BPJS patient care costs by the Hospital to the BPJS Health, carried out collectively and billed to the BPJS Health every month through the verification process. BPJS Health is a legal entity established to administer the Health Insurance program. Health Insurance is a guarantee in the form of health protection so that participants obtain health maintenance benefits and protection in meeting basic health needs provided to everyone who has paid contributions or whose contributions are paid by the government. This study aims to design a medical record management system to support JKN claims for outpatients at Muhammadiyah Bandung Hospital. The research method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The data collection techniques used were interview, observation and literature study. The results showed that there were problems that occurred, namely unclear resumes, illegible SEPs, missing referral letters, and there was still 1 outpatient period that was mixed up so that coding officers found it difficult to read it and became an obstacle to claiming. Based on this research, it can be concluded that there is a need for a quality audit of specific medical resume writing and incomplete BPJS patient requirement files.

The vocational high school principal is a determining factor for the progress or failure of a school. Therefore, the principal's performance evaluation must be optimal. This study explores the government direction on this performance evaluation in two neighboring countries: Indonesia and Malaysia. The research method uses a qualitative approach, by interviewing both school supervisors and principals, and analyzing documents. The steps are 1) collection of resources through multi techniques; 2) reducing data with the aim of simplifying and categorizing data; 3) presenting data in the form of qualitative descriptions; 4) drawing conclusions and 5) compiling research reports and formulate comparative research findings. For Indonesia, once a year, the School Supervisor and a team from the Education Office in Indonesia are responsible for carrying out the review of the performance of the principals of vocational schools. The current evaluation of the principal of a vocational high school in Malaysia is a component of the overall review of the school's performance. Standard of Educational Quality in Malaysia is the name given to this evaluation, and it has been in effect since 2017. Standard 1 Kepemimpin is the most important benchmark to consider in relation to principal performance (Leadership). The performance evaluation in Indonesia seems still separated from school performance evaluation or accreditation. Although each evaluation scheme has its own format and purposes, the implementation could be made in such a concurrent time. Meanwhile in Malaysia, the principal performance is likely one of the evaluated aspects in the school performance evaluation (SKPM), especially Standard 1 Kepemimpinan (leadership) and Standard 2 Pengurusan Organisasi (organization management).

Secondary metabolites such as phenolic and flavonoid from the plant are essential in their activity, especially activities related to the prevention of oxidation and the inhibition of xanthine oxidase. One plant that is believed to have prevention of oxidation and XOI and correlates with secondary metabolites is parang romang. The purpose of this study is to assess the antioxidant capacity and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of parang romang, and to examine their relationship with the TPC and TFC. Total phenolic and flavonoid were measured for all parts, and the DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC methods determined antioxidant capacity. The activity of xanthine oxidase inhibition was also assessed. Flavonoids, alkaloids, and coumarin were found in parang romang. The steroid/triterpenoid was found in the stem, leaves, and flower; saponin was in the roots and flower; quinone and tannin were only in the roots. The root gave the highest of TPC, while the flower had the highest TFC. The highest antioxidant capacity was found in roots, leaves, flowers, and stems. The highest xanthine oxidase inhibitory was given by leaves (9.74±0.14 µg/ml), followed by flower, steam, and rood. The correlation was shown between the phenolic and flavonoid quantities and the actions of antioxidants and xanthine oxidase inhibitors.

Scientific literacy skills are still low, and students' lack of interest in getting to know culture is a current educational issue, so innovative, creative and interesting learning media are needed to increase interest in reading and the formation of national cultural character in students. The development of digital comics in the field of science has been carried out by many researchers, but there are still few who combine the material with local wisdom to form cultural characters. This ethnoscience- based digital comic designed to be a pilot project and learning resource for teachers and students in Indonesia in mastering science, technology, skills and attitudes based on the Independent Learning Curriculum. The data was analyzed by processing validator response data with a Likert scale which was converted into qualitative data . The research subjects were media, material and language experts, 60 high school students in class XI high school science, and 6 biology teachers. The instruments used were expert validation tests and questionnaires. The data was analyzed by processing validator response data with a Likert scale which was converted into qualitative data. The purpose of this research can measure the effectiveness of the ethnoscience -based digital comic "Tari Saman" on movement system material to improve students' scientific literacy skills and national cultural character according to P5 (Strengthening Pancasila Student Profile Project). This research uses the 4D method (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The validity test results show that ethnoscience-based digital comics “tari saman” have a moderate level of validity with an Aiken index value > 0.4. the results of the feasibility test were 88% by the teachers and 90% by students and media practicability were 88% by teachers and 89% by students. It can be concluded that ethnoscience-based digital comics “tari saman” are valid, feasible and practical to use as supporting media for Biology learning.

Since year 2020, researchers have conducted research on challenges and perceptions of emergency remote teaching and learning (ERTL) during the COVID-19 pandemic on students. Many studies were conducted on the effectiveness of online learning, but there is a lack of studies on ERTL where online learning differs from ERTL. Thus, this study aims to identify the challenges and perceptions of students on ERTL during the early COVID-19. The methodology employed in this study are systematic literature review which used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA), synthesis analysis and quality appraisal to review 51 selected articles. These articles are from two publishers (ScienceDirect and IEEE) and two databases (ERIC and Scopus). This study revealed that students experienced four types of challenges during the early period of ERTL namely technological, pedagogical, personal, and social issues. However, students have positive perceptions toward ERTL to pursue their studies during the difficult period. This study highlighted the students’ challenges and perceptions of ERTL during the COVID-19 pandemic in higher education. It is believed that this study will help future researchers to develop a strategic ERTL specifically for implementation during any crises in the future.

Endophytic bacteria have been extensively studied as a source of new antimicrobial compounds. Research into new antimicrobials is important as an alternative to the treatment of resistant microbes. One potential source of antimicrobial compounds is the Taxus (Taxus sumatrana). This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity produced by the endophytic bacteria of the Taxus. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots of Taxsus plants growing in Mt. Singalang, X Koto District, West Sumatra. Bacteria were isolated by inoculating pieces of Taxus root tissue into a PDA medium. Endophytic bacteria were identified macroscopically and microscopically. Antimicrobial activity was tested with the test microbe using the spot test diffusion method. As a result of the research, 23 isolates of endophytic Taxus bacteria were obtained, of which 21 isolates were gram-positive and 2 isolates were gram-negative bacteria. The results of the antimicrobial activity test yielded only 2 isolates of endophytic bacteria with antibacterial activity.

Critical thinking is an ability that has a specific purpose for empowering thinking activities in science education and other disciplines. This study aims to determine student perceptions of applying the Research Based Learning in training student’s critical thinking skills. This research is quantitative descriptive. This type of research is used to analyze data by describe or describe the data that has been collected as it is. The population in this study were all students of biology education, Riau University, while the sample in this study were biology education students in semester 3 of class A who took Biology Learning Media courses. The sampling technique is through purposive sampling. The instrument used is a student response questionnaire and observation sheets that emphasizes the description of the achievement of critical thinking indicators according to Marzano and interview sheets. The questionnaire data were analyzed by calculating the percentage of student responses and the interview data were analyzed qualitatively. The result showed that students gave a positive response to the Research Based Learning in training students’ critical thinking skills by 94% and were in the very good category. The indicators of “open thinking” and “able to provide ideas” are critical thinking indicators that get responses reaching 100%. In line with the observation results that the indicator "able to provide ideas" obtained the highest percentage, namely 88% in the very good category. Each stage in the Research Based Learning in this study provides opportunities for students to develop their critical thinking skills. The results of this study can be used as a reference for developing research-based learning strategies in other subjects.

Village development is a critical focus in the third Nawacita, outlined in the 2020-2024 RPJMN. However, uncertainties persist concerning administrative law, particularly in the areas of institutional authority and mechanisms for examining village financial management. The State Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia (BPK-RI), as the principal financial auditor, lacks a clear mandate under the current State Finance Law to audit village governance and finances. This research utilized normative and empirical juridical analysis methods to identify the necessary audit model for village governments. It was framed using theories of state finance, state financial audits, and authority. The findings indicate a need for legislative alignment between the Laws on State Finance and the Laws on Village Governance. The research concluded that the current authority granted to BPK-RI over village finances carries risks of arbitrary actions and potential lawsuits against BPK-RI. Furthermore, interviews with the Nagari government in Solok Regency highlighted that BPK-RI's audits have positively impacted performance enhancements in village governance. It was suggested that BPK-RI should concentrate on SPI audit models and the performance of the Nagari government. Therefore, an integrated audit model emerges as the ideal approach for effective oversight of village finances.

Praktik nepotisme mewarnai penyelenggaraan pemerintahan Desa Serosah masa 2015-2021. Tindakan nepotisme dilakukan ketika ada proses rekrutmen dan proses seleksi untuk suatu jabatan. Nepotisme memiliki dua perspektif yaitu dari perspektif bentuk hubungannya (Kinshipism, Familism, Clanism, Patriotism, Racism, Sexism, Planetism) dan dari perspektif etis (Favoritism, Discrimination, Partiality Justice. Merit system). Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliltian kualitatif. Jenis penelitiannya adalah penelitan kualitatif deskriptif. Lokasi penelitian adalah di Desa Serosah, Kecamatan Hulu Kuantan, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan adalah Kepala Desa Serosah melakukan tindakan nepotisme dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan desa yaitu pada pengelolaan BUMDES, PAUD, MDA, organisasi pemuda, dan SPSI. Pratik nepotisme yang dilakukan dikarenakan faktor familism (perspektif hubungan) dan favourtism (perspektif etis). Kepala Desa Serosah memberikan jabatan kepada anak, keluarga (familism) dan orang yang dekat dengannya (favouritism) serta menguasai sumber daya politik dan ekonomi yang ada di Desa Serosah untuk mendapatkan keuntungan secara pribadi. Proses rekrutmen dan seleksi jabatan didasarkan pada aspek keturunan dan yang berpihak kepadanya.

Blue carbon is a term used to describe the carbon stored in coastal and marine ecosystems. Research and conservation of blue carbon sinks like seagrass meadows are important in mitigating global climate change. This research aimed to estimate blue carbon stored in the seagrass meadows ecosystem of Jelenga Bay, West Sumbawa, Indonesia. Carbon stock in the seagrass community was estimated based on correlation analysis of density, biomass, and organic carbon content. Meanwhile, the correlation analysis of dry bulk density and organic carbon content was used to estimate the susbtrate carbon stock. Four seagrass species were found in Jelenga Bay, i.e., Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, and Halodule pinifolia. Carbon stock estimation of the seagrass community within 107.1 hectares area showed that aboveground biomass stored 19.1 Mg of carbon (0.18 Mg C/ha), whereas belowground biomass stored 28.4 Mg of carbon (0.26 Mg C/ha). Carbon stock estimation in seagrass meadows substrate (in 1 meter depth) stored 4,590.0 Mg C (42.86 Mg C/ha). The substrate at 70-100 cm depth contributed the highest amount of carbon stock, i.e., 14.9 Mg. However, for the organic carbon content, depth of 1530 cm showed the highest result (0.341 % of Dry Bulk Density).

This study analyses the outpouring of household work time for cassava cracker business actors in Sawahlunto City, West Sumatera Indonesia. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and descriptive quantitative with a survey approach. The sampling method is simple random sampling of 25 households. The data collection method used was interviews using an interview guide. The results of the study show that female workers devote more time to MSME businesses. The amount of working time for women is 10.88 HOK/month. Meanwhile, male workers devote their working time to 6.25 HOK/month. They carry out production activities every 3-7 times a week. The price of cassava crackers ranges from IDR 15,000-35,000/kg. In cassava farming and other productive activities, male workers devote more of their working time than female workers. Male workers devote their working time to cassava farming of 3.14 HOK/month and to other productive activities of 4.58 HOK/month.

Cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi) has the potential to be developed with monoculture and agroforestry patterns in ex-coal mining land. This study aimed to analyze the oil yield and cineole content of cajuput planted with monoculture and agroforestry and patterns in ex-coal mining land. The research design used a split-split plot design with three factors: planting pattern, fertilizer dosage, and lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus) plant spacing. The variables measured included the oil yield and cineole content of cajuput. This study was conducted in cajuput monoculture and agroforestry patterns with lemongrass G2 variety and Sitrona 2 Agribun variety, with various spacing. The study was conducted for six months, with one harvest of cajuput leaves in the sixth month. The results showed that lemongrass’s planting pattern and plant spacing significantly affected cajuput oil yield. However, treatment of the dosage of fertilizer had no significant effect on cajuput oil yield. The treatment of lemongrass plant spacing only significantly affected cineole content, but planting patterns and fertilizer dosages had no significant effect. The cajuput agroforestry with the Sitrona 2 Agribun variety produced the highest oil yield (2.84%) and cineole content (50.70%), compared to the monoculture pattern and cajuput agroforestry with G2 variety. The lemongrass plant spacing of 0.5 m x 0.5 m produced the highest oil yield (2.73%) and cineole content (52.98%) compared to 1 m x 1 m plant spacing Cymbopogon nardus. Keywords: agroforestry, cineole, essential oil, ex-coal mining, Melaleuca cajuputi

Zat goniotalamin pada tanaman gajah beranak (Goniothalamus tapis) merupakan obat alternatif penyembuhan kanker. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan zat goniotalamin melalui kultur kalus dan kultur suspensi sel. Metode penelitian eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan kombinasi 2,4-D (1-10 mgL-1) dan BAP (0,5-2 mgL-1) menggunakan eksplan batang muda, terdiri dari 17 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Analisis data menggunakan Analysis of Variances dan uji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) taraf 5%. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kultur kalus G. tapis pada media 5,0 mg L-1 2,4-D + 1 mg L-1 BAP adalah yang terbaik dengan waktu muncul kalus 28,33 hari dan persentase pembentukan kalus 100%. Kalus untuk kultur suspensi sel bertekstur remah dan berwarna kuning kehijauan. Kultur suspensi sel menghasilkan pertumbuhan sel yang cepat, tidak lembek berair dan mudah dipisahkan. Hasil kualitatif Kromatografi Lapis Tipis kultur suspensi sel sangat jelas, bersih dan terdapat potensi kandungan zat goniotalamin pada perlakuan 2,4-D 5 mg L-1 + BAP 0,5 mg L-1, 2,4-D 5 mg L-1 + BAP 1 mg L-1, 2,4-D 5 mg L-1 + BAP 2 mg L-1, 2,4-D 10 mg L-1 + BAP 0,5 mg L-1 dan 2,4-D 10 mg L-1 + BAP 1 mg L-1. Hasil kuantitatif zat goniotalamin dengan Kromatografi Cair Prestasi Tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan 2,4-D 5,0 mgL-1 + BAP 1 mg L-1 yaitu 9,57 mg g-1. The goniothalamine compound on Goniothalamus tapis is an alternative cancer medicine. This study aimed to obtain gonotalamin through callus culture and suspension cell culture. The experiment research method was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a combination of 2.4-D (1-10 mg L-1) and BAP (0.5-2 mg L-1) using young stem explants consisting of 17 treatments with 3 replications. Data analysis used ANOVA and DMRT at 5%. The results showed that G. tapis callus culture on 5.0 mg L-1 2.4-D + 1 mg L-1 BAP was the best treatment medium with callus emergence time of 28.33 days and percentage of callus formation 100%. The callus used for suspension cell culture was friable and greenish-yellow in color. Suspension cell culture resulted in rapid cell growth, was not fleshy, and easily separated. The quality test by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) from suspension cell culture resulted very clear, clean, and potential content of goniothalamin found in treatments 2.4-D 5.0 mg L-1 + BAP 0.5 mg L-1, 2.4-D 5.0 mg L-1 + BAP 1 mg L-1, 2.4-D 5.0 mg L-1 + BAP 2 mg L-1, 2.4-D 10 mg L-1 + BAP 0.5 mg-1 and 2.4-D 10 mg-1 + BAP 1 mg-1. The quantitative results of the best goniotalamine compounds in cell suspension cultures using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) on medium 2,4-D 5.0 mgL-1 + BAP 1 mg L-1 ie 9.57 g-1.

Introduction Thalassemia is a genetic disease that is detected when someone is still a child. as an effect of this disease the child can not be separated from the treatment of blood transfusion. Treatment of transfusion in patients with thalassemia is the only way to prevent death in children. Thalassemia children visit to do blood transfusion to the hospital an average of 2 to 3 times within a month. Thalassemia patients must undergo regular and routine blood transfusions to maintain their health and stamina, so that patients can still be active. Transfusion will provide new energy to the patient because the blood from the transfusion has a normal hemoglobin level able to meet the needs of the patient's body to live everyday life. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the age of children with thalassemia with frequency of transfusion. This type of research is cross sectional. Cross sectional research is research that aims to study the relationship between factors and the effects it causes. The sample used in this study was 30 samples. The sampling technique uses accidental sampling. The research instrument used was a questionnaire sheet. The questionnaire in this study is a questionnaire made by the researcher based on operational definitions, therefore the researcher first tests the validity and reliability before the research. The research results obtained from the analysis of the relationship test results (p-value = 0.036). This p-value is smaller than the established α value of 0.05 (5%). So that Ho is rejected, the conclusion is that there is a significant relationship between the age of the child with thalassemia patients. Based on this study it was found that there is a relationship between the age of the child with the frequency of transfusion.

This study examines the relationship between the effect of electronic service quality, price and perceived benefits of go-pay features on customer satisfaction in Padang. Population in this study are all motorcycle customers who use the go-pay feature. With a sample size of 100 respondents selected using the Purposive Sampling technique. The results showed that electronic service quality has positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, price has positive effect on customer satisfaction, while the perceived benefits does not significant on customer satisfaction.

Voltammetry is an electroanalytical method measure current as a function of applied potential. The working electrode in the voltammetry method dramatically affects the result of the electrochemical analysis. Modification of the working electrode can improve measurement performance. In this research, the carbon paste electrode (CPE) was modified with Bentonite (CPEB) to determine copper's level using differential pulse voltammetry technique. CPE and CPEB were used as working electrodes, handmade Ag/AgCl as a reference electrode, and Pt wire as the counter electrode. The measurement parameters were optimized, including the composition of bentonite in carbon paste and scan rates. Furthermore, the measurement conditions were validated, involved linear concentration range, detection limit (LoD), the limit of quantization (LoQ), repeatability, and recovery. The results showed that bentonite's optimum composition was 40% of the total weight of graphite and activated bentonite. The scan rate optimum for Cu2+ measurement was obtained at 20 mV/s with CPE and became faster to be 25 mV/s with CPEB. The linearity of the standard solution measurement of Cu2+ using CPE was in the range of 5 to 100 μg/L and changed to 5 to 500 μg/L using CPEB. LoD and LoQ values of standard solution Cu2+ measurement with CPEB were slower than CPE. The Horwitz ratio calculation was smaller than two for both CPE and CPEB. The recovery of Cu2+ standard measure in sample solution as the matrix was obtained 93,49 ± 6,39%. According to the Decree of the Ministry of Health Number, the level of Cu2+ in the tomato sample was found 6.019 ± 0.69 mg/kg, which is over than threshold value of Cu2+ (5 mg/kg) 03725/B/SK/VII/89.

Biosurfactants are surfactants that are synthesized by microorganisms using organic materials and have biodegradable properties, making them environmentally friendly. One of the applications of biosurfactants in the recovery of petroleum. This study aims to determine the type of biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria using crude palm oil as the main carbon source, to determine the effect of variations in pH and CPO concentration on surface tension reduction and emulsification, and compare the best biosurfactant with surfactant synthesis. The production of biosurfactants has 3 stages, namely the bacterial preparation, the biosurfactant production, and the analysis in the form of surface tension, emulsification, crude oil removal, and FTIR. The best biosurfactant was obtained at pH 7 and a carbon source concentration of 3% v/v with surface tension and emulsification values ​​of 42.49 mN/m and 58%, respectively. The pH value and CPO concentration can affect the growth in the biosurfactant production process, thus also affecting the surface tension and emulsification values. The biosurfactants obtained were rhamnolipid biosurfactants. The biosurfactants produced in this study have lower crude oil recovery capabilities than synthetic surfactants with crude oil removal values ​​of 57.78% and 79.34%, respectively.

Tidak jarang perkuliahan lintas jurusan dianggap tidak penting dan hanya sekedar formalitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa Akuntansi FEB Universitas Riau terhadap mata kuliah ilmu lingkungan dan mitigasi bencana di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei. Objek dari penelitian ini adalah 38 orang mahasiswa jurusan Akuntansi angkatan 2021. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan melakukan wawancara secara tertulis dengan bantuan google form. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan mendeskripsikan pandangan mahasiswa terhadap perkuliahan ilmu lingkungan dan mitigasi bencana. Selanjutnya peneliti membuat kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa persepsi mahasiswa terhadap Perkuliahan Ilmu lingkungan dan Mitigasi Bencana sebesar 83% berkategori baik dengan analisis rata-rata hasil belajar sebesar 83 yang juga termasuk ke dalam kategori yang baik. Maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa mahasiswa jurusan Akuntansi Universitas Riau dapat mengikuti dengan baik Perkuliahan Ilmu Lingkungan dan Mitigasi Bencana. Keywords: Akuntansi, Ilmu Lingkungan, Persepsi

This research was conducted to examine the chemical properties, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) populationand angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of fermented beef meat with the addition of bamboo shoots. This research used factorial completely randomized design.Factor A was the preparation method of bamboo shoots: chopped, ground, and extracted. Factor B was the ratio of meat and bamboo shoots (B) which was1:0.75,1:1, 1:1,25ratios. The chemical properties observed were total protein, soluble protein, hydrolysisdegree, pHandtitratableacidity value. The results showed that bamboo shoot preparation methods by ground and extracted were able to reduce total protein, and pH value. The ratio of meat and bamboo shoot (1:0.75 and 1:1) wereable to decreasedtotal protein but increased total titratable acidity. The interaction of the factors A and factor B only occurredin increasing hydrolysisdegree. Both of two factors (A and B) couldnot significantly effect to the number of LAB.The ACE inhibitory activity ranged from 36.5 to 79.6%. It can be concluded that the preparation methods ofbamboo shoots by ground and 1: 0.75 and 1: 1ofbeef : bamboo shoot ratio couldincreasehydrolysis degree and had highest ACE inhibitory activity.

Mining is still considered to be an essential sector to gain national income and to provide energy supply. Forest Leasehold License (FLL) is a mechanism to accommodate the non-forestry sector, including mining development in the forest area. This license is a form of transfer of right given from Minister of Environment and Forestry to a mining license holder. Transfer of right by FLL contractual shaped jurisdictional boundary that is one of the obligations that has to be complied by FLL holder is to conduct min-ing reclamation. This study aimed to analyze the effects of FLL and its jurisdictional boundary on mining reclamation performance in East Kalimantan forest areas. It is a descriptive qualitative study based implemented the agency theory with the institutional approach. The study found that mining permit and FLL is a temporary transfer of right. The emerging problem in the FLL and its jurisdictional boundary related to asymmetric information and transaction cost caused moral hazards such as adverse risk selec-tion of FLL holders by the principal, reclamation ignorance by the agent, and opportunism both from principal and agent. These agency problems affect FLL reclamation performance that just reached 41.35% over disturbed areas. Institutional challenges are due to the regulation gap creating a conflict of interest, budget and human resource constrain, cost center activity, and lack of eco-nomic incentive as well as lack of coordination among the government institutions. The research findings suggested inputs for insti-tutional arrangement in terms of transfer of the right, including FLL reclamation process business, to improve its performance in the East Kalimantan forest area.

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon nardus L.) is an economically valuable plant that produces citronella oil and could grow on marginal lands. This study aimed to analyze citronella oil yields planted with agroforestry and monoculture patterns in a post-mining revegetation area. The treatment consisted of 3 factors, namely planting pattern, fertilizer dosage, and plant spacing. The measured variable was the citronella oil yield. The study was conducted by planting two lemongrass varieties i.e., Sitrona 2 Agribun Variety dan G2 Variety in the agroforestry and monoculture areas. The study was conducted for 12 months with three harvest times, i.e., in the 6th, 9th, and 12th months. The results showed that planting patterns significantly affected the citronella oil yield. Planting pattern of Monoculture-Sitrona 2 Agribun Variety (P4) produced the highest oil yield (1,95%). Plant spacing and dosage of bokashi fertilizer did not significantly affect the citronella oil yield. The Monoculture-Sitrona 2 Agribun Variety (P4) significantly increased the oil yield compared to the Agroforestry- Sitrona 2 Agribun Variety (P2), Monoculture-G2 Variety (P3), and Agroforestry-G2 Variety (P1) with a respective oil yield of 1,95% (P4), 1,50% (P2), 1,01% (P3), and 0,99% (P1). Sitrona 2 Agribun Variety tended to produce a higher oil yield than the G2 Variety. Keywords: agroforestry, citronella oil, lemongrass, oil yield, revegetation

Silvopasture system improvement in managing post-mining land resources has been done by searching for a quality grass. One of the selected grass species is signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens Stapf.). This research aimed to prepare signal grass through the inoculation of AMF Claroideoglomus etunicatum, as an effort to enrich its growth before being applied to post-mining soil. Research stages included the AMF inoculation on signal grass through spore culture and then transferred the colonized grass to the pot using sterile zeolite as a growth medium. The treatment on the first stage was without and with AMF inoculation (dose of 20 spores) on signal grass which was repeated for 12 times. Incubation in a spore culture was 4 weeks while incubation in a pot containing sterile zeolite medium was 8 weeks. Research data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk’s normality test, Independent Sample T-test, and Pearson’s correlation test. Observation results showed that the inoculation of C. etunicatum on signal grass was significantly impact on the increase of plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of tillers, shoot and root fresh weight, and shoot dry weight (p

Kegiatan manusia dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya alam, termasuk dalam kegiatan batubara tanpa disertai tindakan konservasi akan menimbulkan kerusakan lingkungan antara lain adanya bahaya erosi. Salah satu dampak dari erosi adalah menurunnya produktivitas tanah, sehingga perlu tindak lanjut berupa rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menduga laju erosi pada lahan pasca tambang PT Berau Coal yang ditanami serai wangi. Metode lapangan dilaksanakan melalui survei dan observasi untuk mengetahui panjang lereng dan kemiringan lereng. Penentuan titik sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik stratified sampling. Titik sampling yaitu seluruh lahan revegetasi yang menanam serai wangi terdapat 6 titik sampling. Parameter yang diamati meliputi sifat tanah, prediksi erosi yang terjadi,faktor erosivitas, erodibilitas tanah, panjang dan kemiringan lereng, faktor tanaman dan konservasi lahan, erosi yang ditoleransi, dan tingkat bahaya erosi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besarnya nilai dugaan laju erosi dengan menggunakan metode USLE pada lokasi penelitian yang ditanami tanaman seraiwangi memiliki potensi erosi yang cukup besar berkisar dari kemiringan 12% sebesar 891,98 ton/ha/th pada lokasi Pit D2 SW D sedangkan erosi tanah tertinggi pada lokasi penelitian Pit H4 SW L pada kemiringan 30% sebesar 3060,10 ton/ha/th.

Acacia mangium Willd. is categorized as an invasive species in the revegetation area of coal mining. The presence of A.mangium causes a shortage the organic matter in the revegetation area. The abundance of A. mangium biomass could be used as a source of organic material for soil enhancer to improve soil fertility. The objective of this study was to develop allometric models of Acacia mangium and to estimate the potential above-ground biomass of A. mangium in PT Wahana Baratama Mining (PT WBM). This study was conducted in February-April 2019. A. mangium population and distribution were collected through vegetation inventory with 0.5% sampling intensity. The allometric models were established using a destructive method. The above-ground biomass allometric model for the four diameter classes are as follows: seedlings (B = 0,002002 - 0,02469D + 0,07322D2 with R2(adj)= 99,38%), saplings (B = 2,754 - 1,742D + 0,4093D2 with R2(adj)= 99,89%), poles (B = -9,16 - 1,153D + 0,5007D2 with R2(adj)= 99,96%), and trees (B = 0,134741D2,38 with R2(adj)= 96,94%). The allometric models were used to estimate the above-ground biomass potential total of A. mangium by using inventory data. The inventory result showed that the mean density of A.mangium is 13.187 individuals/ha with a mean diameter of 5,64 cm. The potential above-ground biomass of A. mangium in PT WBM revegetation area is estimated at up to 51.022,59 tons. The above-ground biomass of A. mangium has potential value to be utilized as a soil enhancer as well as meet the needs of organic material for the whole PT WBM revegetation areas. Keywords: above-ground biomass, coal mining, Acacia mangium, reclamation, revegetation

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancangkan perangkat pembelajaran model kooperatif dengan media teka-teki silang pada materi sistem ekskresi manusia untuk peserta didik kelas VIII. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian yaitu deskripsi rancangan perangkat pembelajaran yang terdiri dari Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP). RPP menjadi pegangan yang sangat membantu guru untuk melakukan proses pembelajaran secara tertata. RPP yang telah dirancang menyesuaikan dengan komponen-komponen RPP berdasarkan Permendikbud No. 22 Tahun 2016 untuk peserta didik kelas VIII pada materi sistem ekskresi manusia menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif dengan alokasi waktu 10 JP (4 kali pertemuan) dan media teka-teki silang materi sistem ekskresi manusia yang dirancang untuk 4 kali pertemuan dibuat dengan menggunkan aplikasi Eclipse Crossword dengan format terdiri dari halaman depan, lembar identitas peserta didik, lembar pengantar dan tujuan pembelajaran, lembar landasan teori dan peraturan permainan teka-teki silang, lembar pertanyaan dan lembar jawaban yang diisi secara horizontal dan vertikal. Perangkat pembelajaran tersebut dirancang untuk digunakan pada model kooperatif pada materi sistem ekskresi manusia untuk peserta didik kelas VIII Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP).

Coal mining activities could potentially interfere with the environment. One of the environmental disturbances in coal mining activities is the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD). AMD management can be done passively through the construction of swamp forest. The constructed swamp forest system uses organic material in the form of cow manure which serves as a growing plants’ medium. Phytoremediation is an attempt to usev plant species in the accumulation of heavy metals. This study was aimed to know the AMD management system passively and identify the diversity of plants in artificial swamp forests. Purposive sampling method with a sample size of 2 x 2m in 10 plots/compartments was used to identify the plant diversity in constructed swamp forest. The observation was made both before and after AMD flowed. Constructed swamp forest consist of 6 compartments (2 sediment pond compartments and 4 swamp compartments). The results of the vegetation analysis found that before the AMD flowed, 21 species are still capable growing naturally in constructed swamp forest, however, it became 15 after the AMD flowed. Cyperus iria, Fimbristylis griffithii, Scirpus juncoides, Ludwigia hyssopifolia, Cyperus platystylis and Monochoria vaginalis are six dominant species that can be used as phytoremediation agent in constructed swamp forest. Keywords: Acid Mine Drainage, constructed swamp forest, phytoremediation

Abstract Background On September 28th, 2018, at 18:02 local time (10:02 UTC), a strong earthquake of magnitude Mw = 7.5 struck Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The epicenter was located at 0.256o south latitude and 119.846o east longitude, around 77 km from Palu city, and 20 km below the ground surface. To understand the damage caused by the earthquake, and find a solution to mitigate the geo-disasters in Indonesia, a preliminary investigation on the 2018 Sulawesi earthquake was conducted from 16 to 20 November 2018. This quick report focuses on ground displacements induced by fault movement and large-scale ground flow. Results During the survey, there is some geotechnical damage were found, such as ground displacement induced by fault movement, liquefaction, landslides, and large-scale ground flow in some certain areas. Large ground displacement was found in some particular areas, such as Kedondong, Pipa Air, Pangeran Diponegoro and Cemara streets in Palu city. The earthquake also triggered large-scale ground flow in some different sites, such as Balaroa and Petobo districts in Palu city and Jono Oge and Sibalaya Villages. Conclusions The locations of large ground displacements appeared at surface coincide well with the estimated fault line. Therefore the large ground displacements were seems to be induced by the fault movement. Large ground flow caused severe damage to not only human but also houses and buildings. The mechanism of the large ground flow should be clarified in near future.

Resistance of Several Rice Varieties against the Bacterial Panicle Blight Disease (Burkholderia glumae) .Burkholderia glumae is included as A2 Quarantine Plant Pest Organism, which is found in some restricted area in Indonesia. B. glumae is a seedborne pathogen that causes panicle blight, seedling rot, grain rotand leaf sheath browning on rice plants. This research was objected to determine the resistance of five rice varieties against bacterial panicle blight pathogen. The experiment was carried out at the screen house of Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan from May to September 2018. This experiment was designed using Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors; Factor 1: B1 (sterile water as negative control), B2 (B. glumae isolate CH BJ), B3 (B. glumae isolate IR 64), B4 (B. glumae isolate IC PRC), B5 (B. glumae isolate DSMZ 9512ᵀ as positive control). Factor 2: V1 (Cisokan variety), V2 (Inpari 4 variety), V3 (Situbagendit variety), V4 (Inpari 32 variety) and V5 (Cidenu variety). The results showed that all five rice varieties were highly susceptible to bacterial panicle blight pathogen. Inpari 32 variety had the highest number of seeds and weight of 100 seeds and had the lowest percentage of empty seeds. IR 64 variety had the lowest number of seeds and the weight of 100 seeds and had the highest percentage of empty seeds.

Bahan ajar Handout merupakan bahan ajar yang berisikan ringkasan yang bersifat sistematis dari beberapa literatur yang relevan dengan materi yang akan diajarkan sehingga membuat mahasiswa akan mudah dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Adanya Handout hasil penelitian ini diharapkan akan mempermudah dalam memberikan bantuan informasi atau materi pembelajaran sebagai pegangan bagi mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Taksonomi Tumbuhan II. Pembelajaran biologi akan lebih menarik karena contoh-contoh yang akan dikembangkan dalam Handout berasal dari lingkungan. Pada Handout yang dikembangkan oleh peneliti berisikan hasil identifikasi terhadap jenis-jenis mangrove yang ada di Pulau Baai. Setelah dikembangkan, maka dilakukan penenlitian untuk melihat bagaimana kelayakan Handout tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2018 hingga Mei 2019 dengan uji keterbacaan pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Biologi Universitas Bengkulu. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan, hasil uji validasi Handout yang dilakukan oleh 1 orang validator materi dan 1 orang validator bahan ajar mendapatkan hasil validasi bahan ajar 81% dengan kriteria valid dan hasil validasi materi 86% dengan kriteria sangat valid sehingga didapatkan rata-rata dari kedua validasi yaitu 83,73% dengan kriteria valid. Pada hasil uji keterbacaan mahasiswa didapatkan hasil 83% dengan kriteria valid sehingga Handout yang telah dikembangkan, layak digunakan namun perlu dilakukan revisi kecil agar dapat digunakan sebagai bahan ajar. Kata Kunci: Bahan Ajar, Handout, Taksonomi Tumbuhan, Mangrove

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil belajar kognitif dan psikomotor dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning di kelas VIIIC MTs N 02 Kepahiang pada materi sistem pernapasan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus dengan setiap siklusnya terdiri atas 4 tahapan yaitu: tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah guru dan seluruh peserta didik kelas VIIIC MTs N 02 Kepahiang. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu observasi dan tes. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi dan lembar tes. Hasil analisis data hasil belajar psikomotor pada siklus 1 diperoleh skor rata-rata 12,5 (cukup) dan pada siklus II diperoleh skor rata-rata 15,08 (baik). Kemudian, hasil belajar ranah kognitif pada siklus I mendapatkan persentase sebesar 57,89%, dan meningkat pada siklus II menjadi 73,68%. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Discovery Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas VIIIC MTs N 02 Kepahiang yang dapat dilihat dari peningkatan hasil belajar pada siklus I ke siklus II mengalami kenaikan sebesar 15,79%. Kata Kunci : Aktivitas Guru dan Peserta Didik, Discovery Learning, Hasil Belajar

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Inkuiri di Kelas XI IPA1 SMA Negeri 3 Bengkulu Selatan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dengan metode deskriptif. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 6 tahap yaitu: tahap oreantasi, merumuskan masalah, merumuskan hipotesis, mengumpulkan data, menguji hipotesis, menyimpulkan, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan seluruh peserta didik kelas XI IPA1 SMA Negeri 3 Bengkulu Selatan. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah lembar tes dan lembar observasi penilaian hasil belajar ranah psikomotor. Hasil analisis persentase ketuntasan belajar peserta didik ranah kognitif pada siklus I yaitu 66,66% (tidak tuntas) dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 85,71% (tuntas). Sedangkan dalam ranah psikomotor pada siklus I dengan rerata skor hasil belajar psikomotor peserta didik dari 10,71 mengalami peningkatan di siklus II menjadi 12,04. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran Inkuiri dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPA1 SMA Negeri 3 Bengkulu Selatan. Kata Kunci : Inkuiri, Hasil Belajar

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil belajar peserta didik dengan model Discovery Learning pada materi Sistem Koordinasi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini terdiri dari dua siklus, masing-masing siklus terdiri dari 4 tahap yaitu: tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas XIIPA2 SMAN 1 Kepahiang. Variabel penelitian ini adalah model Discovery Learning dan hasil belajar. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu observasi dan tes. Persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik ranah pengetahuan pada siklus I yaitu 54,28% yang termasuk kedalam kategori belum tuntas dan pada siklus II persentase ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik ranah pengetahuan mengalami peningkatan menjadi 82,85% dan termasuk dalam kategori tuntas. Selanjutnya, hasil belajar peserta didik dalam ranah keterampilan pada siklus I diperoleh skor rata-rata yaitu 11,94 termasuk kategori cukup dan mengalami peningkatan pada siklus II menjadi 13,28 termasuk kategori baik. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa model Discovery Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik di kelas XIIPA2 SMAN 1 Kepahiang. Kata kunci : Hasil Belajar, Model Discovery Learning

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas belajar dan meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII SMP 1 Kota Bengkulu dengan menerapkan pendekatan saintifik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan metode deskriptif, penelitian terdiri dari dua siklus dengan setiap siklusnya terdiri atas tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian adalah satu orang guru IPA dan 32 orang siswa kelas VIIA SMPN 1 Kota Bengkulu. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi dan tes. Dari hasil observasi yang dilakukan, aktivitas pembelajaran dengan menggunakan pendekatan saintifik telah terlaksana dengan baik. Data hasil belajar menunjukkan peningkatan dari siklus I ke siklus II. Pada siklus I persentase ketuntasan klasikal yang diperoleh sebesar 43,75% dan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 78,13%. Pada sikus II hasil belajar yang diperoleh telah mencapai ketuntasan belajar klasikal mata pelajaran IPA di SMPN 1 Kota Bengkulu. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran IPA di SMPN 1 Kota Bengkulu dapat meningkatkan aktivitas belajar dan hasil belajar IPA siswa SMP Kata Kunci: Pendekatan Saintifik, Aktivitas Belajar IPA, Hasil Belajar IPA