Search

Although there is a growing literature on the use of telepresence robots in institutional dementia care settings, limited research focused on the perspectives of frontline staff members who deliver dementia care. Our objective was to understand staff perspectives on using telepresence robots to support residents with dementia and their families. Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, we conducted four focus groups and 11 semi-structured interviews across four long-term care (LTC) homes and one hospital in Canada. We included 22 interdisciplinary staff members (e.g., registered nurses, social workers, occupational therapists, recreational therapists) to understand their experiences with telepresence robots. Thematic analysis identified three key themes: 1) Staff Training and Support; 2) Robot Features; 3) Environmental dynamics for Implementation. Our results underscore the imperative of structural support at micro-, meso- and macro-levels for staff in dementia care settings to effectively implement technology. This study contributes to future research and practice by elucidating factors facilitating staff involvement in technology research, integrating staff voices into technology implementation planning, and devising strategies to provide structural support to staff, care teams, and care homes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The use of telehealth for mental health--related encounters has increased exponentially since the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known how nurse practitioners (NPs) in rural areas establish connection and presence with patients through telehealth. Purpose: To leverage web-camera eye-tracking technology coupled with qualitative interviews to better understand rural NPs' perceptions, beliefs, experiences, and visual cues of connection and presence during mental health-- related telehealth encounters. Methods: This mixed-methods study employed web-camera eye-tracking technology to measure eye contact, facial/body movements with microexpressions, and auditory expressions during a simulated mental health--related telehealth visit. A qualitative descriptive methodology was used to conduct semistructured interviews with participants regarding utilization of telehealth in rural mental health care delivery. Sticky software, R, and STATA were used for the quantitative eye-tracking and demographic data analyses. Qualitative findings were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Ten NPs participated in the eye-tracking aspect of the study; among them, three completed semistructured interviews. Eye-tracking areas of interest were significant for the number of fixations (p = .005); number of visits (p < .001); time until notice (p < .001); and time viewed (p < .001). The category Workflow had the greatest number of thematic units (n = 21) derived from semistructured interviews. Conclusions: Although an accessible means of obtaining data, web-camera eye tracking poses challenges with data usability. This prompts further attention to research, optimizing the telehealth milieu to lessen patient and provider frustrations with technological or environmental issues. Implications: Nurse practitioners provide a key voice in the design and deployment of telehealth platforms congruent with the comprehensive assessment and presence of remote care delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: COVID‐19 necessitated emergency telepractice for student‐led speech‐language therapy clinical practicals in training institutions, with limited preparation and evidence‐based guidelines. Beyond the pandemic, practitioners and university training sites are likely to continue to offer telepractice necessitating thorough preparation for telepractice services underpinned by a comprehensive understanding of the complexities involved in online therapy. Aims: Adopting realist evaluation principles, our aim in this paper was to explore broadly what works and does not work in a set of student‐led telepractice sessions in a diverse, resource‐limited context. The broader goal of this project was to provide evidence‐based support to enhance the efficiency and success of telepractice sessions in student clinical training contexts. Methods & Procedures: We used qualitative observational methods with reflexive thematic analysis to analyse 28 video recordings and 61 observation notes of student‐led paediatric telepractice sessions from a South African university clinic as part of a pilot study. Outcomes & Results: We identified four overarching considerations for student‐led telepractice: (1) additional, specific preparation is required, (2) with greater management of technology and adaptation of tasks, especially during times of poor connectivity; (3) telepractice relies heavily on caregiver input and collaboration; and (4) promoting engagement online, holding a client's attention, building rapport and offering reinforcement are critical skills that are complicated by the lack of face‐to‐face contact. Conclusions & Implications: Our findings indicate that telepractice pedagogy needs to be explicitly taught and students require practical assistance as they learn how to use this service delivery approach effectively. There are some aspects peculiar to telepractice that require unique consideration and planning, especially in contexts where service providers and users may be unfamiliar with this form of service provision. The findings of this pilot study can be used by clinical educators and student clinicians to enhance clinical training opportunities involving telepractice. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on this subject: Many speech‐language therapy (SLT) student clinicians had to transition quickly to telepractice service provision during COVID‐19 with limited existing guidelines and support, especially in contexts where teletherapy is typically non‐existent or difficult to access. Although there is some literature available on experiences of telepractice, there is very little evidence‐based research which explores the mechanics of such sessions in real‐time and which offers practical support to student clinicians and clinical educators engaging in this mode of service delivery. What this study adds: This pilot study examined video‐recorded, student‐led, paediatric, speech‐language teletherapy sessions to understand challenges and considerations involved in using telepractice as a clinical training tool. Findings show that additional preparation for telepractice sessions is required, particularly in contexts of poor digital literacy; students must learn to manage technology, especially when connectivity poses a challenge, and adapt therapy tasks for online work with clients; telepractice relies heavily on caregiver input and collaboration, more so than in in‐person consultations, and this relationship requires careful management; and promoting engagement online, holding a client's attention, building rapport and offering reinforcement are critical yet challenging skills in telepractice. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: Our findings highlight a need to teach telepractice pedagogy explicitly and support students practically in learning how to provide therapy effectively via this mode of service delivery. Observational methods for studying practices in recorded telepractice sessions can be used as part of a reflective approach to clinical training. Using already available data allowed us to unpack the 'messy reality' of clinical training using telepractice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I explore reasons why existing defense has failed to prevent cyber attacks on medical facilities. I look into one of the least studied notions of cyberspace behavior known as the principle of due diligence. The principle posits that states should do their best not to allow their territory to be used for cyber operations that produce adverse consequences for other states. I point out three reasons why the principle has failed to protect medical facilities. First, the principle of due diligence suffers from flaws with its enforcement mechanism and applicability to nonstate hackers. Second, the principle suffers from the lack of specificity in that it has never clarified what potential targets are supposed to be spared. Finally, the principle is prone to fail to mobilize states enmeshed with providers of network infrastructure – internet service providers (ISPs) – to practice due diligence. In sum, my analysis shows that factors that are external to the principle are as critical as internal ones in shaping the principle's ineffectiveness. While the principle is not the only cause of failure to prevent attacks on medical facilities, it is one of the reasons for the failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has considerably increased among students, including students with vision impairment (SVI). There has been limited work on the information and digital needs of people with disabilities, particularly SVI who were studying for their masters or MPhil and were involved in research activities in Pakistan. This study is an effort to explore various obstacles, expected services and support for SVIs from their universities, libraries, and Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan. This study is qualitative in nature, and an interview guide was used to collect data from the participants in Lahore, Pakistan. The results of this study showed that students with vision impairment use a variety of digital information resources. However, very few use the higher education commission of Pakistan subscribed databases due to restricted access and complex interfaces. The hindrances include lack of university support, limited training opportunities, non-availability of digital library services, and others. The participants highlighted a variety of needed library services and support from their departmental as well as central libraries. It is assumed that the results of this study will help the relevant authorities to make friendly policies and improve library services to facilitate the SVI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Platform‐as‐a‐Service (PaaS) is one of the cloud computing services which will be offered to the clients through the virtualization platform. The problem is constructed in the PaaS platform effectively excluding internet service suppliers which do not meet highly secure standards, and so security issues can be a significant a hurdle to online computation. To address the aforementioned issues, the suggested method primarily concentrated proceeding the safety of PaaS infrastructure by using a novel fuzzy based access control technique, in which the information source is realized by using CDO security feature. To further enhance the security, security using trust based signature has been used in which the class and packet filter for each specified authorization were mapped to our class by modifying the security feature code. This public key will be utilized for authenticate that transaction relevant signature if the identity provider (IdP) has provided public safety data about this same two major components represents this little token on whose trusted trademark components are built put, that is, the entire item or even the claims contained. The suggested technique outperforms other current methods in terms of several performance parameters, with a high throughput of 14, CPU utilization of 12.5, and a low execution time of 5.2 s. The proposed 'PaaS platform security enhancement with the use of fuzzy and trust‐based signatures' provides high throughput and low execution time. This research work proposes a novel approach to enhancing the security of PaaS infrastructure, which is offered to clients through the virtualization platform in cloud computing. The current problem with PaaS is that it excludes internet service providers that do not meet high‐security standards, which poses a significant challenge to online computation. The suggested approach focuses on improving the safety of the PaaS platform by employing a fuzzy‐based access control technique, using the connectionless data objects security feature as the information source. To further strengthen security, the approach utilizes a trust‐based signature technique where the class and packet filter for each authorization are mapped to the class of the proposed method by modifying the security feature code. The proposed public key is then used to authenticate the transaction relevant signature, provided the IdP has given public safety data about these two components of the token on which Trusted Trademark components are built, that is, the entire item or even the claims contained within it. The proposed approach outperforms current methods in terms of several performance parameters, such as a high throughput of 14, a high CPU utilization of 12.5, and a low execution time of 5.2 s. In summary, the proposed PaaS platform security enhancement using fuzzy and trust‐based signatures provides an effective way to achieve high throughput and low execution time while ensuring platform security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PT XYZ is a provider of high-quality internet service via fiber optic cables. The company plans to develop a new 500 kilometer fiber optic network in Region A -West Java to serve customer segments business to business (B2B), business to government (B2G), and business to consumer (B2C). This article intends to conduct a financial feasibility study in connection with the development of the project. This research method is qualitative with a case study type. The nature of this research is descriptive. This research was conducted in 2023 at PT XYZ. The types of data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. Primary data collection techniques use in-depth interview techniques; while the secondary data collection technique uses the study-desk method. The data analysis method in this article uses a financial feasibility study, with five financial analysis tools, namely NPV, IRR, DPP, PI, and WACC. The research results show that the development of fiber optic infrastructure in Region A by PT XYZ is feasible based on NPV, IRR, DPP, PI and WACC calculations. The implication of this research is, for the management of PT XYZ, to make it even more feasible, steps should be taken in accordance with controlling action, both controlling revenue and controlling expenditure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moving Target Defense (MTD) is a security technique for Software Defined Networks (SDN) to change the attack surface constantly. Although MTD is an effective technique, it makes the digital forensics procedure challenging due to high transitions in the system state. There is an ever-increasing requirement for SDN forensics due to the increasing number of cyberattacks and the adoption of SDN by large-scale cloud service providers, telecommunication operators, and internet service providers. In this paper, we have proposed a digital forensics scheme for MTD-based SDN to record every movement of the MTD for collecting attack-related evidence, especially the attacker (attack source), to augment the forensics investigation. The proposed technique consists of a three-level logging mechanism. The first one is the native logging technique of ONOS. The second is a Java-based logging application called "Java ONOS Logs Collector (JOLC)", developed to capture MTD-based SDN logs. Lastly, we utilized the Fluentd unified logging tool to dig out evidential data from MTD logs. The experimental testbed comprises an ONOS SDN controller, Mininet, and an event-based MTD application running over SDN using JSON FlowRule scripts on the ONOS controller while using sflow-rt to detect the level of attack/number of packets sent by the attacker. The native ONOS logging mechanism provides initial-level artifacts. The developed JOLC application creates separate files for ONOS and Mininet/host machine logs stored with the current timestamp. Fluentd generates a single file for the SDN controller, Mininet, and host machine logs, along with the flow rule entry into the SDN controller. Experimental results confirmed that our proposed multi-level forensics technique successfully collected all the relevant records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are part of the short‐term networks, including sensitivity, computation, and Wi‐Fi connectivity capability. Many routing, range management, and log transfer protocols are specifically designed for WSN. The previous method showed less efficiency in routing management. The proposed lifetime maximization energy‐aware routing protocol (LTMEARP) protocol is known for its high routing efficiency, giving a higher lifetime and throughput performance. The requirement for a routing system approach is advanced with Internet service provider's protocols by recalculating the routing table after the link stage's substitution worldwide, leading to responses and connection failures by sharing important data after traffic. LTMEARP routing protocol has assured high availability routing performances during traffic conditions. LTMEARP support sends homogeneous and expanded nodes. Analyze a new approach to routing‐based selection algorithms for homogeneous node WSNs. The number of connections is limited and must be adjusted using separate paths and header packets to meet the user's network access location. The results show that the LTMEARP has achieved quality without introducing excessive network access program overhead, which deals with the study of communication and the benefits and problems with the performance of each routing technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite a recent narrowing of the digital divide, there remains a lag in adopting Precision Agriculture Technology (PAT). Based on structuration theory and diffusion of innovations theory, the present study uses semi-structured interviews with forty board members from two U.S. national agricultural boards to determine how internet access impacts farming leaders' knowledge and perceptions of farming PAT innovations. Farming leaders' responses suggest a lack of competition among internet service providers within areas, a reliance on cellular data to complete farming operations, limits to available internet infrastructure, and low perceived technology knowledge. Farming leaders, especially those with high perceived knowledge, noted using various farming technologies that assisted with business operations, entertainment, and social communications. Overall, many participants were willing to adopt more farming technology if they had better internet services and more technological knowledge. Farming PAT diffusion is limited by a lack of access to resources, such as knowledge, workforce, and infrastructure, even among those who tend to be more resource-rich, like farming leaders. These findings highlight how a lack of resources limits a farmer's ability to express agency over the technology they adopt and, by extension, their business operations. These findings have implications for policymakers and stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to apply systems modeling to explore the usability of the online learning platform in the future compared to its usefulness during the pandemic era. Design/methodology/approach: The applied systems research methodology has been used to develop a stock-flow model encompassing enablers and constraints for learning platform usage from the primary data collected through a survey of 163 respondents. Findings: The model simulation observed promising trends over one year for online learning platforms provided the challenges are reduced in seven to eight months. Challenges linked to the Internet and interaction need must be removed for future usage. Research limitations/implications: The results of the survey and model simulation suggest actions for product planning and development of online learning platforms based on customer insights. Product customization and feature enhancement will be required for the continued usability of online learning products. Actions for Internet service providers are to capture the online learner market by removing issues of Internet access bandwidth, and quality of content. Also, there should be sufficient teacher–student interaction in the online learning mode. Originality/value: This is an original study using systems modeling to evaluate factors contributing to students' intention to use online learning conducted at Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University) Dayalbagh Agra, UP, India, 282005. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present findings from a three-year research project funded by the US Institute of Museum and Library Services that examined how advanced broadband measurement capabilities can support the infrastructure and services needed to respond to the digital demands of public library users across the US. Previous studies have identified the ongoing broadband challenges of public libraries while also highlighting the increasing digital expectations of their patrons. However, few large-scale research efforts have collected automated, longitudinal measurement data on library broadband speeds and quality of service at a local, granular level inside public libraries over time, including when buildings are closed. This research seeks to address this gap in the literature through the following research question: How can public libraries utilize broadband measurement tools to develop a better understanding of the broadband speeds and quality of service that public libraries receive? In response, quantitative measurement data were gathered from an open-source broadband measurement system that was both developed for the research and deployed at 30 public libraries across the US. Findings from our analysis of the data revealed that Ookla measurements over time can confirm when the library's internet connection matches expected service levels and when they do not. When measurements are not consistent with expected service levels, libraries can observe the differences and correlate this with additional local information about the causes. Ongoing measurements conducted by the library enable local control and monitoring of this vital service and support critique and interrogation of the differences between internet measurement platforms. In addition, we learned that speed tests are useful for examining these trends but are only a small part of assessing an internet connection and how well it can be used for specific purposes. These findings have implications for state library agencies and federal policymakers interested in having access to data on observed versus advertised speeds and quality of service of public library broadband connections nationwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the number of power terminals continues to increase and their usage becomes more widespread, the security of power systems is under great threat. In response to the lack of effective trust evaluation methods for terminals, we propose a trust evaluation model based on equipment portraits for power terminals. First, we propose an exception evaluation method based on the network flow order and evaluate anomalous terminals by monitoring the external characteristics of network traffic. Second, we propose an exception evaluation method based on syntax and semantics. The key fields of each message are extracted, and the frequency of keywords in the message is statistically analyzed to obtain the keyword frequency and time-slot threshold for evaluating the status of the terminal. Thus, by combining the network flow order, syntax, and semantic analysis, an equipment portrait can be constructed to guarantee security of the power network terminals. We then propose a trust evaluation method based on an equipment portrait to calculate the trust values in real time. Finally, the experimental results of terminal anomaly detection show that the proposed model has a higher detection rate and lower false detection rate, as well as a higher real-time performance, which is more suitable for power terminals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a design to detect and prevent IP spoofing-based distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks on software-defined networks (SDNs). DDoS attacks are still one of the significant problems for internet service providers (ISPs) and individual users. These attacks can disrupt customer services by targeting the availability of the system, and in some cases, they can completely shut down the target infrastructure. Protecting the system against DDoS attacks is therefore crucial for ensuring the reliability and availability of internet services. To address this problem, we propose a lightweight source address validation (LSAV) framework that leverages the flexibility of SDN architecture in ISP networks and employs a lightweight filtering mechanism that considers the cost of operation to maintain high performance. Our setup for the proposed mechanism reflects client–server communication through an ISP SDN, and we use the entry points to eliminate malicious user requests targeting the systems. We then propose a novel algorithm on top of this setup to introduce a new and more efficient approach to existing mitigation methodologies. In addition to filtering the traffic against IP spoofing-based DDoS attacks, LSAV also prioritizes low resource consumption and high performance in terms of delay and bandwidth. With this approach, we believe that ISPs can effectively defend against IP spoofing-based DDoS attacks while still preserving low resource consumption for the infrastructure and high-quality internet services for their customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's digital era, businesses must harness the internet's full potential to improve their sales and remain competitive. Unfortunately, not all small businesses in Indonesia can improve their sales on internet. An official survey by APJII (Indonesia Internet Service Provider Association) found that estimates of sales growth of small businesses using the internet are not maximal, and some of them haven't grown in sales. On the other side, case studies showcasing successful internet-driven sales technique implementations. Therefore, this study analyzes how small businesses can maximize internet use to optimize their sales performance and explores strategies and best practices. A comprehensive analysis of literature, secondary data, usage and user behavior of the internet in Indonesia was used. By understanding and applying the insights presented in this research, small businesses have the ability to take advantage of the internet and achieve considerable increases in their sales figures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concepts of internet banking and mobile banking have led to changes in people's financial behavior in terms of earning, consuming, and saving. This new concept, which entered the market quite recently, was used at the beginning of the new digital technology in various types of activities, banking operations, and nowadays these services are used by all people who want to save through banks or create new sources of income, as well as to make quick currency exchanges without going to credit institutions. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze people's behavior toward new digital technologies, e-banking adoption, and non-banking financial institutions internet services. The objectives pursued are: whether e-banking users are homogeneous in their characteristics in the EU 27 and which users have the most convergent or divergent behavior in the EU 27. Statistical data taken from Eurostat 2023 was used for the Sigma convergence analysis, the time series taken into consideration being from 2004 to 2022. The results showed that the changes in the procedural-fiscal-financial sphere are the ones that fully reflect the two principles underlying the tax evolution: digitization and simplification. These results confirm that people are adopting the new digital technology and change their behavior from consumer to prosumer. The study shows that all most categories adopted e-banking using new digital technologies when it comes to consumption and saving, with few exceptions that should be carefully supported. Plain Language Summary: E-Banking convergence and the adopter's behaviour within the EU Countries The concepts of internet banking and mobile banking have led to changes in people's financial behavior in terms of earning, consuming, and saving. This new concept, which entered the market quite recently, was used at the beginning of the new digital technology in various types of activities, banking operations, and nowadays these services are used by all people who want to save through banks or create new sources of income, as well as to make quick currency exchanges without going to credit institutions. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze people's behavior towards new digital technologies, e-banking adoption, and non-banking financial institutions internet services. The objectives pursued are: whether e-banking users are homogeneous in their characteristics in the EU 27 and which users have the most convergent or divergent behavior in the EU 27. Statistical data taken from Eurostat 2023 was used for the Sigma convergence analysis, the time series taken into consideration being from 2004 to 2022. The results showed that the changes in the procedural-fiscal-financial sphere are the ones that fully reflect the two principles underlying the tax evolution: digitization and simplification. These results confirm that people are adopting the new digital technology and change their behavior from consumer to prosumer. The study shows that all most categories adopted e-banking using new digital technologies when it comes to consumption and saving, with few exceptions that should be carefully supported. Digital transformation is not just about buying new, modern equipment, or retrieving data quickly and securely, but also about the technical implementation of state-of-the-art IT systems. It should be noted that digitization has had important effects on both public and private organizations and people, which can be translated as follows: time saved in people's interaction with public and private organizations; efficiency in administrative processes; transparency in their work. The economic environment becomes much more attractive and leads to investment and innovation in all areas. The digitization of all public or private services would also strengthen the administrative capacity of the whole population. Through studies, research, and future studies, it is essential to analyze and demonstrate that new digital technologies and their use could lead to the elimination of tax fraud, increased public confidence in local or central government and confidence in business. Finally, we can say that it is essential that new research in the field of digitization and e-banking use strengthens the literature reviews and explains at a higher level the answers to all research questions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the influencing factors of the local government's Internet service capability construction in China. The research framework for this study was the "technology-organization-environment" (TOE) framework. A total of 277 local governments were collected from Chinese cities and used for the data analysis. The data analysis was conducted with Stata. The results of this research demonstrated that there is a significant positive correlation between information technology talents, peer pressure, leader attachment, sustainable competitiveness, data open platform, and the government's Internet service capability. Surprisingly, there is a negative correlation between per capita budget expenditure and the government's Internet service capability. The aforementioned conclusions hold even after the robustness test. Discussion is held regarding how these conclusions may affect the development of the government's Internet service capability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge about future traffic in backbone optical networks may greatly improve a range of tasks that Communications Service Providers (CSPs) have to face. This work proposes a procedure for long-term traffic forecasting in optical networks. We formulate a long-terT traffic forecasting problem as an ordinal classification task. Due to the optical networks' (and other network technologies') characteristics, traffic forecasting has been realized by predicting future traffic levels rather than the exact traffic volume. We examine different machine learning (ML) algorithms and compare them with time series algorithms methods. To evaluate the developed ML models, we use a quality metric, which considers the network resource usage. Datasets used during research are based on real traffic patterns presented by Internet Exchange Point in Seattle. Our study shows that ML algorithms employed for long-term traffic forecasting problem obtain high values of quality metrics. Additionally, the final choice of the ML algorithm for the forecasting task should depend on CSPs expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines, with ethnographic lenses, the emergence of shared networks in the Tseltal and Zapoteco communities in Chiapas and Oaxaca (Mexico). 'Shared networks' are first-mile signal-sharing practices that articulate interconnection infrastructure and values of coexistence to, in the cases studied, extend the internet to areas where the services of existing larger internet service providers are unsatisfactory or unavailable. It argues that by infrastructuring their own local networks and interconnecting to the global internet, Tseltal and Zapoteco people are effectively internet codesigners, building Latin-Centric Indigenous networks and shaping internet governance from below. When comunalidad values, supported by unlicensed frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum, towers, radio antennas, houses' rooftops, routers, and cables, intersect with the values of the internet service providers and their policies, hybrids emerge. Shared networks are a result of what these hybrids enact and constrain, as well as evidence of the vivid struggles for a more inclusive and pluriversal internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growth of the electronic government and the increase in the number of internet service providers has led to the development of data centers. A major piece of equipment used in these centers is the cooling system, which is responsible for the continuous exhaust of heat generated by the equipment in the data center. Given the high energy consumption of these systems, their optimization is of great importance. Due to the significance of identifying the sources of energy inefficiency in system optimization, in the present study, first, a sample in-row data center cooling system (was manufactured by authors) is placed inside the deigned setup test room, and its performance is investigated. Subsequently, it undergoes thermodynamic and exergy analyses using a model created in EES software. The effects of changes in the evaporator and condenser temperatures, the superheat (∆Tsuperheat) and sub-cooled (∆Tsub-cooled) temperature differences, and the ambient temperature on the energetic and exergetic performance of the cycle are evaluated. Under the temperature conditions specified in this research, the COP and exergy efficiency of the system were obtained 3.47 and 19.5%, respectively. Moreover, it was determined that a rise in the evaporator temperature increases the COP and decreases the exergy efficiency of the system, while a decrease in the condenser temperature improves both. A 30° reduction in the operator's temperature in all different condenser temperatures led to a 10% increase in the system's exergy efficiency. Additionally, lowering the condenser temperature from 323 to 313 K resulted in approximately a 10% increase in the system's exergy efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored women's gambling in response to male intimate partner violence (IPV). Twenty-four women were recruited through service providers and online advertising. All women had been victimised by IPV and all experienced problems relating to the gambling on electronic gaming machines (EGMs). Thematic analysis of their in-depth interviews identified three major themes. The main pattern of gambling and IPV (Theme 1) was where ongoing coercive control preceded the woman's gambling. Situational violence in response to gambling was also observed. Regardless of temporal sequence, a self-perpetuating cycle of gambling and IPV victimisation was typically apparent, with both issues escalating over time. Reflecting severe traumatic violence, push factors from IPV that motivated the women's gambling (Theme 2) included physical escape, psychological escape, hope of regaining control over their lives, and gambling to cope with the legacy of abuse. Pull factors attracting these women to gambling venues (Theme 3) appeared to have heightened appeal to these victims of IPV. These included venues' social, geographic and temporal accessibility, allowance for uninterrupted play on EGMs, and the addictive nature of EGMs. These push and pull factors led to these women's prolonged and harmful gambling while exacerbating their partner's violence. Concerted efforts are needed to assist women in this cycle of IPV and gambling, prevent violence against women, and reduce harmful gambling products and environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This column describes the nature of library services and information management's role in this 21st century and examines the role of academic librarians in Nigeria. The development brought about by technology has drastically improved and facilitated the dissemination of information to users and has mandated librarians to add new roles to their mode of service to move with the trend of time and be relevant to society. The role of academic librarians in this 21st century now involves advocates, pace-setters/image makers, knowledge resources management, information technology development, user services, human resource management, resource sharing, and networking. The column concludes that academic librarians in Nigeria are now compelled to create innovative library services that will make them relevant and fit into the information management roles. Hence the column recommends that librarians need to keep abreast with the trend of the digital era by always acquiring new skills that will enable them to function effectively and efficiently. Library management should make policies and provide opportunities that will enable academic librarians to always acquire new training that will enhance library services to meet with the trends of time. Librarians are to upgrade themselves with the managerial role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the growth of the Internet comes a competitive environment among Internet service providers. In this regard, quality of service (QoS) and customer's quality of experience (QoE) are introduced as the two main criteria of satisfaction for network users/regulators. In this paper, we evaluate these two criteria for one of the largest Internet service communication networks in Iran. By providing a predictive model, we propose a solution to improve the quality of the communication. Our model predicts the quality of experience from the quality-of-service parameters with an accuracy of roughly 90%. Next, we reverse-engineer the relationship between the quality of experience and quality of service to develop a service level agreement (SLA) contract. The relationship between quality of experience and quality of service is then compiled into a set of if-then rules. By using a decision tree classifier, we were able to set the quality-of-service parameter thresholds for the gold, silver, and bronze SLAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Online knowledge translation (KT) approaches are becoming increasingly prevalent within healthcare due to their accessibility and facilitation of international support networks. Online platforms enable timely and far‐reaching dissemination of current evidence and best‐practice recommendations. Although there is potential to improve the uptake of rehabilitation guidelines, it is essential to consider the acceptability of online approaches to healthcare professionals to ensure their successful integration within everyday clinical settings. Aims: To establish the prospective acceptability of a theoretically informed online intervention for speech pathologists, Aphasia Nexus: Connecting Evidence to Practice, that aims to facilitate the implementation of aphasia best practice. Methods & Procedures: A mixed‐methods multinational electronic survey based on the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA) completed by aphasia researchers and clinicians. Outcomes & Results: A total of 43 participants completed the survey with 91% (n = 39) indicating that they would use Aphasia Nexus. Understanding the intervention and how it works (intervention coherence as per the TFA) was the key factor influencing the likelihood of integration within everyday clinical practice. Participants identified potential areas where the intervention could influence service change and also recommended further design and content changes to improve the intervention. Conclusions & Implications: Aphasia Nexus is an acceptable platform for further feasibility testing in the form of a pilot trial within an Australian‐based health service. The study progresses the theory of TFA as it was a valuable framework facilitating the identification of prominent factors influencing acceptability. The study also informs further intervention refinements in preparation for the next stage of research. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject: Online strategies have the potential to enhance KT and promote the uptake of rehabilitation guidelines. An online intervention, however, can only be effective if implemented well. For this reason, it is essential to establish the acceptability of online interventions to the intended recipients and therefore increase the likelihood of successful implementation. What this paper adds to existing knowledge: This study used a theoretically based framework to establish the acceptability of an online implementation intervention, Aphasia Nexus, to multinational aphasia clinicians and researchers. It demonstrated the value in identifying the prominent factors influencing acceptability to inform further intervention refinements and warrant continuing research. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: Speech pathologists should use online platforms to drive the implementation of best practice on an international scale. It is important for clinicians to have an in‐depth understanding of online interventions and how they work to enhance their successful uptake into routine clinical practice. Aphasia Nexus is an acceptable online platform for implementing best practice in aphasia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Online service providers, and even governments, have increasingly relied on Artificial Intelligence ('AI') to regulate content on the internet. In some jurisdictions, the law has incentivised, if not obligated, service providers to adopt measures to detect, track, and remove objectionable content such as terrorist propaganda. Consequently, service providers are being pushed to use AI to moderate online content. However, content-filtering AI systems are subject to limitations that affect their accuracy and transparency. These limitations open the possibility for legitimate content to be removed and objectionable content to remain online. Such an outcome could endanger human well-being and the exercise of our human rights. In view of these challenges, we argue that the design and use of content-filtering AI systems should be regulated. AI ethics principles such as transparency, explainability, fairness, and human-centricity should guide such regulatory efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual and dating violence (SDV) is a social and health but preventable public issue. Most evidence-based prevention programs have been evaluated using an in-person delivery mechanism. Project Dream, Own and Tell (DOT) is a 13- to 18-week SDV prevention program targeting youth from traditionally underserved communities in New York City that shifted from in-person to online delivery in response to social distancing requirements during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the current study was to understand how youth perceive learning SDV prevention in an online environment (acceptability and feasibility of the online DOT program). A mixed methods triangulation design was used including responses to Ecological Momentary Assessments (n = 25), a brief post survey with Likert-scale items (n = 18), and semi-structured interviews with 12 participants. The sample comprised Latinx/Hispanic, Asian American, Arab American, and African American youth between the ages of 15 and 21 from urban communities. Youth indicated both strengths and challenges of the online format. Strengths included ease of fitting the program into their schedules, avoiding long commutes, and the potential to create a safe online space for participants to engage in sexual violence prevention discussions and thus, feel less exposed. Challenges included internet connectivity issues, difficulties in building trustworthy relationships with other participants when not sharing the same physical space, some characteristics of the program's activities, and the lack of adequate space from which to attend the program (i.e., shared spaces). Findings suggest that synchronous online prevention program delivery is a feasible and acceptable strategy for engaging adolescents in relationship violence prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider a static entry game played between an incumbent and a collection of potential entrants. Entry decisions are made with incomplete information and beliefs are conditioned, at least partially, on a market characteristic that is unobserved by the econometrician. We describe conditions under which, even though the unobserved market characteristic cannot be identified, a subset of parameters of the model can still be identified, including all the strategic-interaction effects. We also characterize testable implications for strategic behavior by the incumbent when this player is able to shift the unobserved market characteristic to deter entry. We present results under Bayesian Nash equilibrium (BNE) and under the weaker behavioral model of iterated elimination of nonrationalizable strategies. Our empirical example analyzes geographic entry decisions in the Mexican internet service provider (ISP) industry. This industry has an incumbent, América Móvil (AMX), which established a widespread geographic presence as a monopolist following the privatization of Telmex in 1990. Our results show significant strategic interaction effects between AMX and its competitors, as well as evidence of strategic behavior by AMX to deter entry and maximize its market share. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previously resistant to change, medical professionals have now embraced e-teaching as a modern technology and the COVID-19 pandemic has compelled the entire world to accept it as a fundamental tool for education. This study aimed to evaluate the challenges and acceptance of E-teaching by medical professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An electronic form questionnaire was designed and validated according to the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to find out the factors that affect the acceptance and use of E-teaching by medical professionals. Results: Most of the participants (88%) agreed that the technological skills of giving online courses increase the educational value and experience of teaching medical professionals. The highest barrier to E-teaching was unsteady internet connectivity (56%), inadequate internet data(48%), lack of computers/ laptops (16.5%), and technical problems (73%). The rate of participant agreement on perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and acceptance of E-teaching was (83.1%, 81.4%, and 88.6% respectively). Conclusion: In our current study, most of the participants strongly agreed with the perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and acceptance of E-teaching. It is evident that online teaching will persist, and education will increasingly adopt a hybrid model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Virtual Fracture Clinics (VFCs) are an alternative to the conventional model of fracture and minor injuries care. It is a new, evolving service designed to speed up patient access to orthopaedic care introduced in the United Kingdom in 2011 and has been increasingly used in the management of certain musculoskeletal injuries. Methods: This observational, pilot study evaluates the possibility of combining telemedicine technology and a virtual fracture clinical assessment pathway to remotely assess patients supported by radiology imaging in India. Results: Piloting and developing a virtual fracture clinical assessment pathway model in India is faced with many challenges including regulations, internet, and data connectivity issues, and concerns of medico-legal implications. Conclusion: Recent studies have reported Virtual Fracture Clinics (VFCs) to be able to provide a safe, cost-effective model of patient care in a subset of musculoskeletal injuries. Limitations and shortcomings of Virtual Fracture Clinics (VFCs) in India can be mitigated with effective communication, enhanced documentation, appropriate training, and information governance. This pathway is not a replacement for conventional 'face-to-face' evaluation but a credible option to complement the delivery of trauma and orthopaedic care in the future in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the widely used end-to-end encryptions have prevented the Deep Packet Inspect (DPI) method applied in Quality of Experience (QoE) prediction and optimization. Thus, for the Internet Service Providers (ISPs), it has become more difficult to monitor and improve user QoE when users are watching videos or using other video application services. To overcome the above problem, a Cross-layer Predicting framework of Video Streaming QoE (CPVS) is proposed to monitor and predict video indicators that affect user QoE, such as startup delay, stalling rate and stalling events. The most prominent advantage of the CPVS is that it can predict the video QoE indicators without the prior information of transmission protocols, whether it is encrypted or not. Furthermore, the general framework, CPVS, shows high predicting accuracy both in a time granularity as small as one second and in video-session prediction, even can perform well with only 6 features. For the session-based prediction, the best weighted f1 score achieves 85.71% about the startup delay prediction, and achieves 84.64% about the stalling rate classification. For the real-time prediction, the best weighted f1 score can achieve 79.25%. Besides, by exploring the 4G network features, we find out the 6 most critical ones that not only make the CPVS retain high accuracy but also save 35.02% running time to improve the real-time prediction performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explore the issue of "copyright hacking" by police officers. It proposes two possible solutions to address this issue requiring online service providers (OSPs) to register their copyright filtering systems with the copyright office and considering the recording of public police activity as protected speech under the First Amendment. It discusses two incidents in which police officers used copyrighted music to trigger YouTube's copyright filter system.

The article focuses on complaint about an Internet review against a host provider was based on a deliberately false presentation of facts as this complaint does not trigger any obligation on the part of the host provider to check. Topics include examines a host provider is not required to further clarify the facts of the matter when examining whether an evaluation of a doctor published on his Internet portal is illegal if he has different descriptions from the doctor.

Safeguarding national security requires ensuring cyber security of a nation. While India has a wider law framework to ensure national security as against wrongs committed in real world, it is yet to match this framework to suit to the regulatory framework essential to address concerns raised due to the abuse of cyber technology. Though Indian laws including substantive legal provisions empowers the State to regulate acts affecting national as well as cyber security, its procedural rules suffers from being outdated and thereby irrelevant in addressing the concerns specific to cyber space. Ensuring national security requires access to data, both personal as well as non-personal data. While recent legal developments have been focusing on extending wider protection to privacy including data privacy, the State agencies strive to access data, which at times are crucial to the enforcement of laws in general and to ensure national security in specific. Jurisdictional issues further complicates the matter. As a result, the law enforcement agencies expect proactive coordination from internet intermediary in facilitating access to data, e-surveillance, decryption, internet traffic data monitoring, etc. Intermediaries on the other hand are also legally mandated to ensure data privacy, freedom of speech and other rights of internet users. This often has led to the conflicting concerns requiring new legal response. This paper will overview the existing laws as well as assess the changes Indian law is currently undergoing in these regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Intermediary landscape in India is extensive and regulating; it is often laborious considering the expanding market and ensuing policy changes. The advent of globalization heralds the inrush of entities that operate transnationally, which often beget legal uncertainties in outlining the intermediary liabilities conundrum. Many jurisdictions oscillated from the notions of liability to safe harbor in fixing the intermediary liabilities. Children are often an easy target of online abuse and Child Sexual Abuse Materials (CSAM) is the most circulated object in the cyberspace. This paper has adopted both empirical and doctrinal research methods. The paper primarily addresses the accountability and response on the part of intermediaries for abusive content against children transmitted in their platform and is an attempt to provide an insight into the reasons behind the online exploitation of children in India. The study analyses the public opinion on the online exploitation of children based on a survey conducted among 270 respondents aged from 14 to 50 years. The findings gave support to the suggestions that the exploitation and abuse of children frequently transpire online, and the public perception regarding the gender of child victims varies between girls and boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The North Carolina Farmworker Health Program (NCFHP) implemented an emergency program in response to North Carolina migrant and seasonal farmworkers' urgent need for Internet access for health information, family connections, and telehealth services during COVID-19 isolation and quarantine. This article describes the NCFHP Internet Connectivity Project implementation and evaluation from June 2020 to December 2021. The project placed 448 devices across the state and provided Internet access to more than 3184 farmworkers during the 2021 peak farming season. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(11):1551–1555. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307017) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]