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This article comprehensively analyzes Israel's experience in the legal regulation of cybersecurity and explores its potential adaptation for Ukraine. Israel is a leading cybersecurity nation due to its integrated approach to cyber protection. The paper examines key legislative acts and organizational measures implemented in Israel, such as establishing specialized cyber units like TEHILA and the Israel National Cyber Directorate (INCD), and coordination centers that facilitate cohesive efforts between governmental and private organizations. The article highlights the significance of incorporating cybersecurity mechanisms into Israel's national defense strategy and the active involvement of the private sector, including numerous tech companies and startups, in safeguarding information infrastructure. The crucial role of international cooperation, particularly with the EU and the USA, in developing an effective cyber strategy is also discussed, emphasizing its relevance for Ukraine amidst the ongoing conflict with Russia. Additionally, the article delves into the continuous improvement of cybersecurity technologies and the professional development of specialists in this field. It highlights the importance of a holistic approach encompassing technological advancements and strategic planning. The paper also emphasizes the need for interagency coordination and the collaboration with international partners to elevate the overall cybersecurity posture. Key aspects of adapting Israeli approaches to Ukrainian realities are outlined, including the necessity of establishing specialized bodies, developing a national cybersecurity strategy, and engaging the private sector in cybersecurity efforts. By integrating Israel's best practices, Ukraine can significantly bolster its cyber defense capabilities, enhancing its ability to respond to cyber threats more effectively and protecting its critical infrastructures. Furthermore, the study addresses legal regulation issues, including both the regulatory framework and practical aspects of implementing cybersecurity measures at national and local levels. Continuous monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of these measures are essential to identify and ne utralize potential threats timely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of local government in regional development planning is an essential topic in the context of sustainable local development. This study aimed to analyze the role of local governments in regional development planning and their impact on the effectiveness and sustainability of development at the local level. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis related to regional development policies and regulations. This research was conducted in several districts/cities in certain regions, considering diverse geographical, social, and economic contexts. The results showed that the role of local governments in regional development planning is vital in coordinating various interests, resources, and related actors. Local governments act as regulators, facilitators, and implementers in determining the direction, policies, and allocation of development resources. In addition, community and private-sector involvement is also recognized as an integral part of democratic and inclusive planning processes. The impact of the role of local governments in regional development planning can be seen in increasing the effectiveness of development programs, increasing community participation, reducing regional disparities, and improving the community's quality of life. Nevertheless, challenges such as corruption, lack of interagency coordination, and political uncertainty remain obstacles that must be overcome. This study concludes that the role of local governments in regional development planning is a critical factor in achieving sustainable regional development. Therefore, measures are needed to strengthen institutional capacity, increase transparency, and strengthen public participation to ensure sustainable and inclusive development planning at the local level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the implementation of Egypt's targeted fiscal stimulus to the irregular workforce in response to the COVID-19-induced partial shutdown in 2020. We utilize theoretical insights from the literature on administrative campaigns and the interagency coordination literature, as well as insights from the polycentric governance literature, to identify the approach to coordinating the work of the multiple agencies that participated in implementing the initiative and situate it within the implementation literature. We conclude that the complexity of public administration initiatives in semi-authoritarian regimes could create a pretext for expanding access to decision-making and implementation. The need for input from diverse actors creates an environment conducive to expanding participation that combines the characteristics of top-down and bottom-up approaches to policy implementation. Access to decision-making and implementation structures by non-state actors, however, remains dependent on relations with state bureaucratic agencies, both civilian, security-, and military-affiliated. The regime's interest in maintaining control, especially control over data, and the participants' attention to following the official line, creates a need for a dominant actor to perform certain functions beyond the ability of the participating members to accomplish. This expansion in participation therefore does not reflect an expansion in political participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia’s involvement in peacekeeping missions has long been a key part of its foreign policy, contributing to world peace as outlined in Republic of Indonesia Law Number 37 of 1999 concerning Foreign Relations. This study aims to analyze the government's policy implementation regarding troop preparation for world peace missions, particularly in relation to Indonesia's role as a Troops Contributing Country (TCC) to the United Nations (UN). The research utilizes a qualitative descriptive approach to understand the intricacies of the troop preparation process through George Edward III's policy implementation model, which emphasizes the importance of disposition, communication, resources, and bureaucracy. Data were collected through document analysis, interviews, and observation of relevant practices in Indonesian military operations. The findings highlight that the personnel selection process for peacekeeping missions is highly structured, requiring compliance with rigorous standards set by both the Indonesian government and the UN. The pre-deployment training, supervised by the TNI (Indonesian National Army) Headquarters, ensures that selected personnel are adequately prepared for their assignments. This comprehensive preparation includes mental and physical readiness, as well as the necessary technical and language skills. The results also emphasize the importance of strong inter-agency coordination, particularly between the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to ensure the success of these missions. Furthermore, the study reveals that budgetary and resource constraints remain significant challenges in sustaining peacekeeping operations. In conclusion, Indonesia's contribution to global peacekeeping missions underscores the nation's commitment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined mechanisms that influence romance fraud perpetrators' public display of affluence, an aspect of romance fraud research that has received little attention in the literature. The study collected data through semi‐structured interviews with eight offenders from two Ghanaian cybercrime hotbeds and three law enforcement officials, using a qualitative research approach based on the critical realist paradigm. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis, which revealed that the social environment, peer influence, links with high‐net‐worth individuals (upper structure clientelism), the involvement of social media and collaboration with some corrupt state officials all had a substantial influence on cybercriminals' public display of wealth. Furthermore, upper structure clientelism shows systemic flaws in financial institutions that must be addressed in order to reduce online romance fraud. The significance of social media in fostering public displays of wealth emphasises the importance of education and awareness initiatives as preventative measures. To effectively prevent online romance fraud, law enforcement should prioritise interagency cooperation and transparency among governmental institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study explores stakeholders' perspectives on the direct, social, economic, and cultural impacts of climate change on health in Indonesia and identifies possible strategies to enhance health system resilience. Methods: This study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines to ensure comprehensive and transparent reporting. Purposive sampling was used to select 22 stakeholders with relevant expertise, including government officials, representatives from international and professional health organizations, health workers, and community representatives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and data were analyzed using directed content analysis. Data saturation was reached when no new themes emerged. Results: The findings reveal significant challenges to Indonesia's health system due to climate change. Community awareness varies widely, with higher levels in disaster-prone areas. Socially, climate change has fostered community cooperation through collective adaptation efforts but has also led to tensions due to inequitable resource distribution. Economically, rising healthcare costs and financial instability, particularly in rural and disaster-prone regions, place a strain on the system. Culturally, there is a growing emphasis on environmental conservation, promoting eco-friendly practices and the integration of traditional and modern health approaches. Conclusion: Building health system resilience in Indonesia requires addressing the social, economic, and cultural impacts of climate change. Possible strategies include enhancing public health education, strengthening healthcare infrastructure, improving inter-agency coordination, and leveraging technology to support effective responses to climate-related health threats, ultimately promoting national health, social stability, and economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coastal regions are becoming increasingly vulnerable to flooding. Due to growing risk, there is a need for a variety of accessible flood inundation services and information to improve resilience and adaptation outcomes. To better understand these needs the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Office for Coastal Management and the Center for Operational Oceanographic Products and Services collaborated to host five virtual workshops during the COVID‐19 pandemic to understand inundation needs and deficits of five professional sectors: coastal planning, transportation and navigation, realty and insurance, health and human services, and natural resource and floodplain managers. This paper outlines the information collected from these workshops, shares recommendations for future research to improve equitable coastal resilience and highlights the value of remote engagement for knowledge coproduction. From the project results, we share cross‐cutting topics that emerged and propose a need for greater equity, inclusive engagement, interagency coordination and future research directions through scientist‐stakeholder coproduction workshops for improved coastal resilience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Forecasts of an El Niño in 2023/2024 raised concern among Australian marine stakeholders regarding its potential impacts on marine industries and systems. National level seafood-focused climate briefings were requested by the fisheries sector for the first time, driven by various state and regional level meetings and information requests. To respond to stakeholder needs, six virtual national marine climate briefings were undertaken through the austral 2023/2024 summer, underpinned by new subseasonal to seasonal marine heatwave forecast capabilities. These briefings were developed in collaboration with multiple science organizations and were targeted to industry and management authorities across the Australian seafood sector. As a result, targeted information products, additional regional and sector-specific briefings, and state response plans were developed. Collectively, these briefings were a catalyst for positive and rapid action in policy, management, industry, and research arenas. This experience showed that the combination of seasonal forecasting capability, inter-agency coordination, strong stakeholder engagement, and effective science communication plays a critical role in improving the understanding of, planning for, and responses to extreme events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Child stunting is a critical concern with far-reaching consequences for the developmental prospects of affected children. To address this issue, Indonesia has initiated a targeted program to support rural families. This program's two-fold approach includes aiding with dietary needs and delivering counseling services via Community Health Centers. The primary aim of the current study was to explore the determinants that promote or inhibit engagement with this stunting prevention initiative. Methodologically, the research encompassed 10 direct observations, 45 focus group discussions, and 23 in-depth interviews to gather comprehensive data. The participants were drawn from a cross-section of the rural populace, including households, village government officials, and healthcare providers. Feedback on the program was predominantly positive, with participants demonstrating favorable perceptions towards it. Notably, the program's contribution to improving household health was apparent, serving as an impetus for active participation. Nevertheless, the research identified significant barriers to program engagement, namely the existence of social behaviors that were at odds with the program's objectives and a widespread deficit in the understanding of the importance of nutritional food security. These factors present considerable challenges to fully realizing the program's potential impact. Direct observations highlighted the program's effectiveness in regions with strong community health infrastructure. Focus group discussions underscored the importance of cultural sensitivity in program implementation, as local customs and traditions significantly influenced participation levels. In-depth interviews with healthcare providers shed light on logistical challenges, such as inconsistent supply chains for nutritional supplements and gaps in training for health workers. Village government officials emphasized the need for greater inter-agency coordination to streamline services and reduce redundancy. Despite these challenges, the program's strengths were evident. Participants appreciated the holistic approach, combining immediate dietary support with educational components aimed at fostering sustainable health practices. For the program to achieve broader success, it must address the identified barriers through targeted interventions, such as enhanced community education campaigns, improved logistical support, and greater cultural integration into program design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interagency cooperation may increase efficiency and cost-effectiveness in an era of resource austerity and increased workload for both the police and their partners. Yet the effect of a strategic police-security collaboration on routine operations across multiple sites is unknown. In a controlled experiment, we introduced an interagency collaboration between state and non-state guardianships to train stations across England. A mixed-methods approach, with multiple crime indicators and a survey administered with police officers and security partners, was applied through a series of before-and-after comparisons with staggered start dates to control for confounding variables. Crime recording, police proactivity and crisis intervention increased compared to controls. Security staff and officers valued collaboration and saw it as beneficial and efficient. The findings support police-private-security collaboration on crime and disorder, but more research with larger and more diverse samples and stricter control over rival explanations is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The authors aimed to identify barriers to and strategies for supporting coordination between state agencies for intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) or mental health to meet the mental health needs of people with co-occurring IDD and mental health conditions. Methods: Forty-nine employees of state agencies as well as advocacy and service delivery organizations across 11 U.S. states with separate IDD and mental health agencies were interviewed between April 2022 and April 2023. Data were analyzed with a thematic analysis approach. Results: Interviewees reported that relationships between the IDD and mental health agencies have elements of both competition and coordination and that coordination primarily takes place in response to crisis events. Barriers to interagency coordination included a narrow focus on the populations targeted by each agency, within-state variation in agency structures, and a lack of knowledge about co-occurring IDD and mental health conditions. Interviewees also described both administrative (e.g., memorandums of understanding) and agency culture (e.g., focusing on whole-person care) strategies that are or could be used to improve coordination to provide mental health services for people with both IDD and a mental health condition. Conclusions: Strategies that support state agencies in moving away from crisis response toward a focus on whole-person care should be prioritized to support coordination of mental health services for individuals with co-occurring IDD and mental health conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the involvement and role of Indonesian government ministries and agencies in managing Rohingya refugees in Aceh. It explores key factors influencing the refugee situation, including policy frameworks, resource allocation, and inter-agency coordination. Using qualitative interviews with officials from relevant departments, the research provides an in-depth analysis of the challenges and strategies employed. Findings highlight significant gaps in coordination and resource management, suggesting the need for enhanced policies and greater international cooperation. The study contributes to the understanding of refugee management in Indonesia and offers recommendations for improving policy implementation and support mechanisms for refugees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United States' deterrence strategy against the Islamic Republic of Iran has not yielded desired outcomes to meet mission objectives. Iranian-backed groups have taken advantage of the Israel-Hamas war and Washington's preoccupation with both the Russia-Ukraine war and China. Iraqi groups and Yemen's Houthis have rebranded and adapted to the new operational environmental that has unfolded in the region, due largely to the war in Israel. Policymakers should consider a strategy that goes beyond deterrence that includes partnerships, greater interagency coordination, and imposing costs with offensive measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preservation of cultural heritage is crucial for maintaining a nation's identity, and in culturally diverse countries, this task is deeply intertwined with governance frameworks and institutional practices. This study investigates the relationship between governance frameworks and cultural preservation in Indonesia, exploring the policies, institutions, and practices influencing cultural heritage preservation. A content analysis approach was employed, examining legislative texts, policy documents, official reports, UNESCO reports, international agreements, and other relevant documents. Detailed case studies of specific cultural heritage sites and creative industry initiatives were also analyzed. The study shows Indonesia has strong cultural preservation laws, yet their application differs regionally. The Ministry of Education and Culture leads but struggles with interagency cooperation. Community engagement, as seen in Borobudur's conservation, is pivotal. International collaboration, notably with UNESCO, aids preservation. Economically, promoting Batik and similar industries is promising, but equitable benefit sharing requires attention. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of cultural governance and preservation. It highlights the complexities and challenges in preserving cultural heritage in a diverse and multiethnic country like Indonesia while offering insights into potential solutions and areas for improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research has demonstrated children in out-of-home care have experienced trauma and a significant proportion are in need of behavioral health services (e.g. Casaneuva et al., NSCAW II baseline report: Child well-being, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, 2011). Accessing services requires interagency coordination between child welfare and behavioral health professionals; however, challenges to coordination and collaboration may result in lack of service utilization for many youth (Hanson et al. 2016). Utilizing a mixed methodological approach, this paper describes the results of a study conducted five years after full state-wide implementation of processes designed to promote the use of evidence-based practices to inform decision-making for youth dually served by the child welfare and behavioral health systems. Outcomes from the study were used to develop strategies to address programmatic concerns and reinforce implementation supports. Study findings may aid organizations seeking to reinforce data-informed practices and employ strategies for addressing barriers at the worker and agency level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the effectiveness of the concept of policy integration from Cejudo and Michel (2017) in the context of rural-urban logistics systems in Indonesia. The study employs a qualitative approach and post-positivism paradigm to clarify the definition and distribution of responsibilities for handling complex problems by various ministries or agencies. The analysis identifies significant disparities in responsibilities and resources among various ministries handling key logistics drivers. This study provides a comprehensive analytical framework that helps to understand how the logistics system can be optimized through better policy integration, more effective interagency coordination, and the development of comprehensive strategies, reassuring you of the thoroughness of our approach and its direct relevance to your goals. The results show that effective policy integration and strategic resource allocation are not just important, but urgent for optimizing Indonesia's logistics system, enhancing economic competitiveness, and supporting sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Refugees often face structural inequities, a disproportionate share of environmental challenges, and receive inadequate risk information. In most cases, the host country, United Nations, and other humanitarian organizations provide critical weather and climate information and disaster risk management support. This is equally true for the Rohingya refugee in Bangladesh, who fled their home country Myanmar as a response to political violence. To provide critical humanitarian services to the Rohingya population, the in‐country United Nations agencies formed the Inter‐Sector Coordination Group (ISCG). This paper investigates the effectiveness of the ISCG's strategies for communicating monsoon risks in the Rohingya context. Particularly, it measures ISCG communication effectiveness by both the increased formalization of ISCG communication and the number of Rohingya refugees affected during the monsoon seasons in the years 2021–2022. The paper highlights the importance of the ISCG's existence in this humanitarian context as an effective coordinating institution. The ISCG provides impoartant environmental risk information to partner organizations that benefit the Rohingya's overall physical well‐being. Even though the geographical focus of this paper is on the Rohingya populations in Cox's Bazar, the discussions and findings have important policy implications in other parts of the world facing similar social, environmental, political, and humanitarian challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Republic of Indonesia is a country with a constitutional system that is governed by the Indonesian Constitution. It is an independent and effective law enforcement agency in Indonesia. This paper aims to explore the enforcement of state law by the Prosecutor's Office of Indonesia (Kejaksaan RI) in the perspective of Law Number 16 of 2004. It focuses on the mechanisms, practices, and effectiveness of this enforcement from a legal and procedural standpoint. The research may offer insights into the interpretation and application of this law, identify challenges, and suggest potential improvements or reforms in the enforcement process. It provides a solid legal foundation for the Attorney General's office of Indonesia to carry out its duties as a policing in upholding justice and legal sovereignty in Indonesia's established framework. It emphasizes the crucial role of the Penal Service of Indonesia in constitutional law enforcement, including prosecuting crimes that harm the interests of the state or the public. Ensuring constitutional law enforcement is crucial for maintaining legal stability, eradicating corruption, improving governance, and strengthening public trust. Indonesia can achieve effective enforcement through strengthening regulations, coordination between legal institutions, and government, and by enhancing capacity and resources through training, education, professional development, interagency cooperation, and transparency and accountability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper critically analyzes the Sri Lankan government's management of return migration. Adopting an intersectional lens, it examines how exclusionary policies and programs fail to protect the rights and welfare of returnee women migrant domestic workers, resulting in poor reintegration outcomes. The paper focuses on three interconnecting issues that disproportionately impact upon their rights, as revealed by empirical fieldwork carried out in Colombo in 2018. Research findings from interviews and focus group discussions with civil society organizations (9), government agencies (3) and international organizations (3) highlight the need for an inclusive policy approach. Such an approach would involve a holistic response guided by inter-agency coordination and comprehensive data that would better tailor services to the specific skillsets and diverse circumstances of returnee women domestic workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metropolitan governance focuses on democratic participation, citizen-centered services and local growth. In Bangladesh, urban sprawl, rapid population growth, and multiple public agencies providing services make inter-organizational cooperation essential, yet problematic. Limited autonomy, unwieldy institutional procedures, unproductive inter-agency coordination and disjointed collaboration often hinder policy and program execution. Consultation, collaboration, negotiation, and mutual adjustment are aimless, incoherent or ineffective. This exploratory-interpretive study using survey data examines the challenges of inter-organizational coordination in Chittagong, the second-largest city in the country. The focus is on institutional mechanisms, organizational culture, leadership, administrative dualism, accountability, integrity, management quality, and program monitoring and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 2017 to 2023, British Columbians experienced four record-breaking wildfire seasons, resulting in reduced air quality, mass evacuations and the destruction of homes, properties and livelihoods. Wildfire risk reduction is vital to breaking the sequence of disaster that has befallen such communities as Kelowna, BC in 2003, Ft. McMurray, AB in 2016, and Lytton, BC in 2021. As the City of Penticton ('the City') is located in a wildfire-prone environment, its Fire Department, FireSmart Team and Emergency Program have worked closely together to facilitate a proactive and comprehensive approach towards reducing the impacts of wildfire on Penticton's neighbourhoods, businesses and residents through a variety of wildfire mitigation initiatives. This paper discusses the City's efforts to achieve a holistic wildfire risk management plan through alignment with the seven disciplines of FireSmart and the four pillars of emergency management, namely: the use of education; land use planning and development considerations; vegetation management; emergency planning; and cross training and interagency cooperation. The paper describes the challenges the City has faced, as well its successes, and provides recommendations to help other local authorities reduce the risk of wildfire in their communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A critical question in relation to inter-agency coordination is not only whether, but how, to coordinate. This question is particularly salient when agencies are subject to a top-down mandate. While inter-agency coordination can provide multiple benefits, agencies frequently have concerns about the potential risks of coordination. Differing coordination mechanisms may reduce or exacerbate those concerns. Depending on their coordination concerns, agencies will be inclined to favor certain mechanisms over others. Examination of the implementation of California's Sustainable Groundwater Management Act, which mandates local agency coordination, indicates that coordination mechanism selection is influenced by which combination of concerns agencies hold, with autonomy considerations taking priority over other concerns. These findings suggest opportunities to improve the explanatory power of theories of inter-agency coordination by incorporating potential hierarchies of concerns, their distribution across the multiple agencies tasked with coordinating, and configurational effects. To this end, we propose a contingency theory of agency concerns and coordination mechanism choice under a mandate to coordinate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been argued that with the increasing crypto economy and the liquidity of cryptocurrency globally, cryptocurrency could potentially serve as another vehicle for money laundering activities. Yet, only a handful of studies probe the emerging nexus between cryptocurrency and money laundering and the feasibility of anti-money laundering (AML) strategies presented by law enforcement and financial institutions from a criminologist's perspective. Therefore, this study uses the literature on money laundering to analyze the features of cryptocurrency that account for its popularity. A money laundering triangle is presented that corresponds with the use of cryptocurrency from within a criminological framework. This study also suggests that in addition to domestic and international interagency cooperation across jurisdictions, future developments should target the characteristics of cryptocurrencies such as anonymity, decentralization and blockchain which could help make cryptocurrency usage less attractive to motivated offenders across money laundering stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Domestic Violence Fatality Reviews/Domestic Homicide Reviews (DVFRs/DHRs) are multi-agency reviews aimed at reducing domestic homicides. This study systematically reviews research that examines DVFR/DHR recommendations, impact of these recommendations and proposals for improving DVFR/DHR processes. A narrative synthesis was adopted due to the diversity of the 11 studies reviewed. Themes identified from recommendations included: training and awareness; service provision and coordination; and recommendations for children. Regarding DVFR/DHR processes, standardization, diverse teams, and additional resources were highlighted. There was little evidence of whether DVFR/DHR recommendations were implemented. Findings can strengthen DVFR/DHR operationalization and impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: This study examines human-wildlife conflict (HWC) in Peninsular Malaysia, a consequence of human population expansion, natural resource demand, deforestation, resettlement, infrastructure development, urbanization, and agricultural land growth. We analyze HWC incidents and human casualty statistics from wildlife attacks recorded by the Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, between 2011-2018 and 2008-2019, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were collected on HWC cases reported to the Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia (locally known as PERHILITAN), from 2011 to 2018. This data underwent processing, analysis, and presentation in tables and bar charts. RESULTS: . There was an increasing trend in reported HWC cases from 2012 to 2018 (5,602 to 7,967 cases). The majority of these incidents in Peninsular Malaysia involved mammalian species such as the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis), wild boar (Sus scrofa), elephant (Elephas maximus), civets (Viverridae family), and pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), totaling 33,198, 6,614, 3,797, 3,219, and 2,232 cases respectively. Notably, snakes accounted for over 80% of fatalities and injuries. CONCLUSION: This report is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of HWC cases and casualties due to wildlife attacks in Peninsular Malaysia. Our findings highlight the urgent need for policy evaluation and improved inter-agency coordination for effective HWC management, wildlife conservation, and reduction of wildlife attack casualties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Civil defence systems hold great relevance for criminologists seeking to understand how societies prepare for, cope with, and recover from disasters. This article provides a criminological analysis of civil defence in Kazakhstan, examining the legal frameworks, organizational structures, and systemic factors that shape this country's approach. Utilizing methods such as system analysis, a critical examination is undertaken of Kazakhstan's civil defence policies and practices. The rationality, efficiency, and interagency coordination of civil defence are assessed. Comparisons are drawn with civil defence systems in other nations to derive insights into best practices for strengthening public safety and social cohesion in times of crisis. Recommendations are provided for leveraging criminological training and research to identify gaps, reduce systemic flaws, and enhance service provision around disaster management in Kazakhstan. This criminological analysis aims to spur innovative approaches that strengthen civil defence and its intersections with law and justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Public order crisis/threats has catches Malaysian government attention when it has caused injury and loss of people life, as well as damage to property, thereby harming the country and affecting the economy. National Security Council (NSC) is the main coordinating agency that responsible for dealing with this public order crisis/threats. The study was carried out to analyze the effectiveness of NSC's involvement in dealing with public order crises/threats in Malaysia. The analysis will also evaluate the level of NSC coordination with other security agencies and the allignment effectiveness between Central and State NSC in dealing with this public order crisis/threats. The analysis focused on three (3) incidents that became the country black history, namely May 13, 1969 Race Riots, 2001 Kampung Medan Incident and 2018 Sri Maha Mariamman Temple. The research method using qualitative and analytical with reference to primary and secondary documents such as official reports, academic journals and online news, besides the application of study models namely Tripartite Model of National Security (3Ps Model). The analysis results found that NSC's involvement was reactive in playing its role in dealing with these three incidents. NSC coordination with other security agencies was active in all three incidents, but coordination with the State NSC was partially effective due to the lack of coordination from the Central NSC. Therefore, NSC needs to remain ensure that the strategies and approaches taken are effective in order to maintain its position as the main coordinating agency for national security that is relevant, effective and reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: With sanctions becoming an increasingly important tool in ostracising autocratic regimes from western markets, the need for effective enforcement of sanctions and anti-money laundering (AML) is increasing, and the global AML regime will be the backbone to detecting evasion of sanctions. This regime, however, has been widely criticised as ineffective. This paper aims to discuss issues with the current sanctions/AML regime and propose a reward scheme for whistleblowers to enable asset seizures that is not reliant on its effectiveness. Design/methodology/approach: This paper reviews weaknesses in the global AML regime, provide suggestions on how to design whistleblower reward programmes, based on agency experience and empirical evidence, as well as elaborate on how to use such programmes in the AML context. Findings: This study concludes that for reward programmes to be effective in the context of AML and sanctions enforcement, they need to include witness protection and leniency for money launderers, though not for those convicted of a criminal offence associated with the predicate crime. Moreover, rewards should be mandatory and scale with the amount of money seized or confiscated, and the cap on monetary rewards should be higher than it is under the Kleptocracy Asset Recovery Rewards Programme in the USA. Originality/value: In contrast to how the USA went about implementing rewards in this area under the Kleptocracy Asset Recovery Rewards Programme, this study argues that these programmes should be designed differently. This study also provides novel advice to governments on different design dimensions in the AML context and a model with three crucial pillars along with other design dimensions that should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to assess the roles of agencies in combating illicit financial flows (IFFs) in Nigeria. Specifically, this paper explores the roles of the major anti-corruption agencies – the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) and Independent Corrupt Practices and other Related Offences Commission (ICPC) – in curbing IFFs in Nigeria. This paper reviews the various activities and achievements of these agencies in combating IFFs and concludes that in spite of the effort made by these anti-graft agencies, Nigeria still ranks top among African countries suffering from IFFs. Therefore, this study recommends a need for a collective and coordinated strategy by authorities worldwide to address the difficulties posed by financial crimes. Design/methodology/approach: This study reviews the roles of anti-graft agencies in combating IFFs in Nigeria. Specifically, this study explores the roles of EFCC and ICPC in combating IFFs. Findings: This study concludes that in spite of the effort made by Nigeria's anti-graft agencies, IFFs have continued to increase thereby impeding the effort to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 16.4 – reduce IFFs. Originality/value: This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by exploring Nigeria's major anti-graft agencies and their effort in curbing IFFs in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we review volcanic risk management at Mount St. Helens from the perspective of the US Geological Survey's (USGS) experience over the four decades since its 18 May 1980 climactic eruption. Prior to 1980, volcano monitoring, multidisciplinary eruption forecasting, and interagency coordination for eruption response were new to the Cascade Range. A Mount St. Helens volcano hazards assessment had recently been published and volcanic crisis response capabilities tested during 1975 thermal unrest at nearby Mount Baker. Volcanic unrest began in March 1980, accelerating the rate of advance of volcano monitoring, prompting coordinated eruption forecasting and hazards communication, and motivating emergency response planning. The destruction caused by the 18 May 1980 eruption led to an enormous emergency response effort and prompted extensive coordination and planning for continuing eruptive activity. Eruptions continued with pulsatory dome growth and explosive eruptions over the following 6 years and with transport of sediment downstream over many more. In response, USGS scientists and their partners expanded their staffing, deployed new instruments, developed new tools (including the first use of a volcanic event tree) for eruption forecasting, and created new pathways for agency internal and external communication. Involvement in the Mount St. Helens response motivated the establishment of response measures at other Cascade Range volcanoes. Since assembly during the early and mid-1990s, volcano hazard working groups continue to unite scientists, emergency and land managers, tribal nations, and community leaders in common cause for the promotion of risk reduction. By the onset of renewed volcanic activity in 2004, these new systems enabled a more efficient response that was greatly facilitated by the participation of organizations within volcano hazard working groups. Although the magnitude of the 2004 eruptive sequence was much smaller than that of 1980, a new challenge emerged focused on hazard communication demands. Since 2008, our understanding of Mount St. Helens volcanic system has improved, helping us refine hazard assessments and eruption forecasts. Some professions have worked independently to apply the Mount St. Helens story to their products and services. Planning meetings and working group activities fortify partnerships among information disseminators, policy and decision-makers, scientists, and communities. We call the sum of these pieces the Volcanic Risk Management System (VRMS). In its most robust form, the VRMS encompasses effective production and coordinated exchange of volcano hazards and risk information among all interested parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing prevalence of drug use as well as a large number of drug users not seeking treatment is a major concern in Sri Lanka. Drug abuse treatment providers are in a unique position to identify barriers that deter drug users from accessing their services. Hence this study aimed to explore the service providers' perceptions of the barriers to drug users accessing treatment services. A qualitative study was conducted with 12 purposely selected service providers from drug treatment centres representing government, non-government, health and non-health sector institutions in the Western Province. In-depth interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire were used as the data collection method. All interviews were conducted by the Principal Investigator and were manually and digitally recorded. Interview data were transcribed and analysed using the inductive thematic analysis method. Five main themes emerged from the data. The main themes were easily identified as being drug user-related factors and service provider-related factors. Poor drug-related health literacy and negative environmental influences were drug user-related factors which service providers perceived as barriers. Service providers perceived that poor provider training, bureaucratic challenges and poor interagency cooperation are barriers within their own programmes that act as barriers for drug users when accessing treatment services. Service providers perceived that drug users who require treatment confront numerous barriers when accessing the help, they need. It is important to address these barriers in order to improve treatment services for this marginalized group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kin ties are all but ubiquitous in new firms. However, their effects on performance are not straightforward, as they can provide new firms with advantages (enhanced coordination and cooperation) as well as disadvantages (reduced diversity, nepotism concerns, and the possible spillover of personal conflict). As kin ties may have both positive and negative implications for performance, a contingency approach to the performance of new firms is valuable. We develop such an approach by relating different structural configurations of kin ties—whether they are between founders, between founders and employees, or between employees—to the performance of new firms. We test our predictions using data on 4,967 new firms founded in Stockholm between 1998 and 2003. Our theory deepens our understanding of why kin ties have heterogeneous effects on the performance of new firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transitioning to adulthood is a dynamic period in life, in which significant decisions are made in several domains. In this study, we investigate the transition into post-secondary life of young adults with an intellectual disability who have followed an inclusive school trajectory in Flanders (Belgium). We aim to clarify the significant elements of this transition when the known structures of school disappear. As a method, we 'walk-with' Gabria and connect three events of her life story with the concepts of desire and support. Gabria demonstrates the importance of starting from desire as an affirmative force, as she resists making disconnected choices and wants to be approached as a person with the aspiration to work, living alone and have a relationship. Furthermore, support in the current care systems seems too restricted to one specific policy domain into which these young adults need to fit. Interagency commitment and coordination are crucial for a holistic approach to young adults with an intellectual disability. To see Gabria fully implies starting from her needs and desires, and taking account of her difficulties and the support needs for her and her network by drawing on local knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines one narrowly focused aspect of the government interagency cooperation on cyber defense that serves as a basis to achieve a cyber power. It reviews the civil-military interagency cooperation and aims to identify factors that could jeopardize it. First, it provides a theoretical background for the research and then according to interviews and surveys, the factors with the highest negative impact are recognized. Based on this research, the most significant challenges in bridging the gap between civilian and military worlds seems to be power and budget struggles and a lack of political direction on cyber matters from leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Governance & Administrative Reform is the property of Universitas Airlangga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When Congress delegates authority to an executive agency, it tells us something important about the expertise that Congress wishes to harness in policymaking on an issue. In the legal literature on interagency dynamics and cooperation, issues at the nexus of health and immigration are largely understudied. This Article extends this literature by examining how delegations of authority on issues at the intersection of health and immigration influence policymaking. In an analysis of how administrative law models apply to three topics in the shared regulatory space of the Department of Health and Human Services ("HHS") and the Department of Homeland Security ("DHS"), I demonstrate that health-related expertise is frequently marginalized rather than leveraged. Specifically, health policy expertise and priorities are subordinated to an administration's immigration policy preferences, contravening Congress's purpose in establishing related or overlapping jurisdictional assignments to HHS and DHS. Administrative law theories of shared regulatory space inadequately account for the predictable subordination of certain policy areas to others, as illustrated in this Article's case studies on issues at the intersection of health and immigration. The routine capitulation of health policy actors to immigration enforcement actors reveals a need to extend the theory to accommodate this evidence. Although structural solutions may address some sources of health policy marginalization, effective dissemination of healthrelated expertise in matters of health and immigration may require changing the way that political leaders prioritize health issues and acknowledge collateral consequences of immigration enforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides insights into the state of play of inter-agency cooperation and coordination among government agencies in the Philippines involved in the implementation of the Strategic Trade Management Act, such as the Philippine Bureau of Customs, the Strategic Trade Management Office, and Investment Promotion Agencies (IPAs), which exercise control and supervision over registered enterprises in the freeport and economic zones in the Philippines. It will identify the challenges faced by customs officers in the facilitation of exports of potentially strategic goods requiring referral to the licensing agency for technical reachback, the complexity of commodity identification, which impacts frontline officers’ ability to identify strategic goods, and the non-integration of export declaration systems utilised by exporters in the freeport and economic zones with customs’ export declaration system. The paper also outlines recommendations and solutions to the challenges that confront Customs in the Philippines in effectively implementing strategic trade controls and facilitating legitimate trade in a timely manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Forestry Review is the property of Commonwealth Forestry Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Journal of Indo-Pacific Affairs, in its July-August 2024 issue, focuses on the importance of homeland defense in the face of escalating threats. The issue highlights the collaborative efforts of the Homeland Defense Institute (HDI) in addressing the challenges encountered in the homeland defense enterprise. The articles in the journal shed light on evolving threats in the Indo-Pacific region and their implications for homeland defense strategies. The journal serves as a vital resource for policy makers, military leaders, and practitioners in the homeland defense space, offering multifaceted analyses and innovative solutions to stay ahead of emerging threats. [Extracted from the article]

In 2020, the federal government completed the first major restructuring of its interagency coordination for meteorological services in over 50 years. The Interagency Council for Advancing Meteorological Services (ICAMS) now provides White House–level coordination of federal resources to advance the full suite of meteorological services now and into the future. Of particular relevance to the external community is ICAMS' objective to strengthen and expand partnerships with nongovernment sectors. This article outlines ICAMS intellectual foundations, progress, and near-term plans, including efforts to develop a long-term strategy, as means to foster community engagement. ICAMS will continue to provide coordination across federal agencies and opportunities for input from, and engagement with, nongovernmental entities. The development of a long-term strategy is a process that ICAMS is embarking on in earnest, and sustained external community engagement is key to sound development and effective implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early identification of vulnerable children to protect them from harm and support them in achieving their long-term potential is a community priority. This is particularly important in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia, where Aboriginal children are about 40% of all children, and for whom the trauma and disadvantage experienced by Aboriginal Australians has ongoing intergenerational impacts. Given that shared social determinants influence child outcomes across the domains of health, education and welfare, there is growing interest in collaborative interventions that simultaneously respond to outcomes in all domains. There is increasing recognition that many children receive services from multiple NT government agencies, however there is limited understanding of the pattern and scale of overlap of these services. In this paper, NT health, education, child protection and perinatal datasets have been linked for the first time. The records of 8,267 children born in the NT in 2006–2009 were analysed using a person-centred analytic approach. Unsupervised machine learning techniques were used to discover clusters of NT children who experience different patterns of risk. Modelling revealed four or five distinct clusters including a cluster of children who are predominantly ill and experience some neglect, a cluster who predominantly experience abuse and a cluster who predominantly experience neglect. These three, high risk clusters all have low school attendance and together comprise 10–15% of the population. There is a large group of thriving children, with low health needs, high school attendance and low CPS contact. Finally, an unexpected cluster is a modestly sized group of non-attendees, mostly Aboriginal children, who have low school attendance but are otherwise thriving. The high risk groups experience vulnerability in all three domains of health, education and child protection, supporting the need for a flexible, rather than strictly differentiated response. Interagency cooperation would be valuable to provide a suitably collective and coordinated response for the most vulnerable children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For over seventy years, the Supreme Court has said that a justiciable controversy can exist when one agency in the federal executive branch sues another. Although this raises intuitive concerns under both Article II (relating to presidential control) and Article III (relating to standing), scholars and judges have paid scant attention to the constitutional foundation for interagency litigation. Of those who have explored the topic, defenders and opponents alike agree on one thing: the foundation--or lack of one--depends on Article III's case-or-controversy requirement. That is mistaken. A better approach to understand interagency litigation is to step outside Article III and turn attention to Article I. When authorized by Congress, adjudicating interagency litigation is a function that a federal court can perform outside ordinary Article III justiciability rules because the resulting decision is not necessarily an exercise of the judicial power. The adjudication's finality flows not from Article III, but from Congress's providing a statutory decision rule that renders the court's resolution conclusive of the litigated issues--a decision rule that the President must respect under Article II's Take Care Clause. The central constitutional question is whether the Necessary and Proper Clause allows Congress to assign this function to federal courts. Significant historical practice suggests that it can. This novel Article I theory of interagency litigation has many advantages over competing theories: it best explains existing cases; comports with text, history, and precedent on judicial independence; and gives due respect to all branches of government. It may also shed light on other current issues in administrative law, ranging from Chevron to remedies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]