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This report describes the trans-national access (TNA) service forderivation of ten germ-free mouse linesunder the INFRAFRONTIER2020 project.&nbsp

This report describes the trans-national access (TNA) service for late onset phenotyping analysis of 5 mutant mouse linesunder the INFRAFRONTIER2020 project.&nbsp

Detailed report on four annual INFRAFRONTIER stakeholder conferences.&nbsp

This report describes the trans-national access (TNA) service forgeneration of six rat models under the INFRAFRONTIER2020 project.&nbsp

This report describes the trans-national access (TNA) service for the secondary phenotyping of15 mouse models.

This report describes the trans-national access (TNA) service for the characterisation of 5 anti-viral therapeutics in preclinical COVID-19 pipeline.

This deliverable addresses ‘WP4 Task 2 Data annotation and validating mouse models ofhuman disease’ wherein curators have set up and applied specific curatorial procedures and carried out the accurate annotation and validation of INFRAFRONTIER/EMMA mutant strain resources with representation of modelled human diseases.

This deliverable outlines theonline bibliography of scientific publications that are related to INFRAFRONTIER/EMMA strains.

In the last few decades, forward genetics approaches have been extensively used to identify gene function. Essentially, forward genetics is the elucidation of the genetic basis of a specific phenotype by screening a population containing random genomic modifications that alter gene function. These approaches have shed light on some essential gene functions in development and disease and have expanded the realm of understanding for genetic disorders. Due to the availability of efficient mutagenesis methods, phenotyping techniques, reliable validation, comprehensive sequence information and translational potential, mouse models are favored for forward genetics approaches. However, in this post-genomic CRISPR-Cas9 era, the relevance and future of forward genetics was brought into question. With more than 7300 mouse strains archived and close interactions with several leading mouse researchers around the world, INFRAFRONTIER - the European Research Infrastructure for mouse models organised a panel discussion on forward genetics at the International Mammalian Genome Conference 2018 to discuss the future of forward genetics as well as challenges faced by researchers using this approach in the current research environment. The commentary presents an overview of this discussion.

One of the objectives of IPAD-MD is to reach out to complementary infrastructures and usercommunities in Africa in order to increase the reach of INFRAFRONTIER and EMMAresources and services. This report details the progress made by INFRAFRONTIER using IPAD-MD funded activities toestablish consequential and relevant ties to complementary African researchers.

Thisdeliverable is a publication on globally available and shared resources available from INFRAFRONTIER and IMPC. This deliverable was submitted to AMRC Open Research for publication as a ‘document’ article on 18 August 2020. At the time of submission of this deliverable, the article was not published.

This deliverable combines a survey on patient organisations' research priorities from already existing contacts and interactions of INFRAFRONTIER membersand a report on the engagement with stakeholder organisations during IPAD-MD-funded stakeholder events.&nbsp

This report summarises information on twoINFRAFRONTIER advanced training schools in mouse phenogenomicsaimed at promoting thebest practices in mouse phenogenomics, animal experimentation and welfare

Small differences in our genome distinguish us from each other. Although diversity is a good thing, many diseases are caused by genetic variants. Due to the around 80-percent similarity between the mouse and human genome, mice are of great assistance in the study of human diseases. Mouse strains can therefore be used to build models of genetic diseases that affect humans. Such models can be used to study the causal mechanisms of diseases and to design drugs.

The study proposes a new way of measuring productivity and efficiency, with and without considering environmental effects from a production activity, by modifying the conventional Luenberger productivity indicator. The Luenberger approach has so far been applied in productivity and efficiency measurement in time-varying contexts. It has been mainly used in comparisons of international productivity growth and efficiency over a period of time. This study proposes the use of the Luenberger approach in an alternative way by constructing two new indicators: the Luenberger environmental indicator and the Luenberger spatial indicator. These two indicators take a spatial orientation, as opposed to the temporal orientation of the traditional Luenberger indicator. The Luenberger environmental indicator is employed to measure relative performance of productive units across space by incorporating environmental impacts in the production model. The Luenberger spatial indicator does not include environmental impacts. To compare the performance of a unit of observation to a meaningful reference, a new concept of a reference frontier, an infrafrontier, is proposed. An empirical application of these indicators is to the Australian irrigation agriculture sector taking place in eleven natural resource management regions within the Murray-Darling Basin. These newly developed indicators can be widely used in any sector of the economy to measure relative productivity and environmental efficiency.

Ageing research and more generally the study of the functional basis of human diseases profit enormously from the large-scale approaches and resources in mouse functional genomics: systematic targeted mutation of the mouse genome, systemic phenotyping in mouse clinics, and the archiving and distribution of the mouse resources in public repositories. INFRAFRONTIER, the European research infrastructure for the development, systemic phenotyping, archiving and distribution of mammalian models, offers access to sustainable mouse resources for biomedical research. INFRAFRONTIER promotes the global sharing of high-quality resources and data and thus contributes to data reproducibility and animal welfare. INFRAFRONTIER puts great effort into international standardisation and quality control and into technology development to improve and expand experimental protocols, reduce the use of animals in research and increase the reproducibility of results. In concert with the research community and the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC), INFRAFRONTIER is currently developing new pilot platforms and services for the research on ageing and age-related diseases.