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This study examines how short selling influences board composition following a tradition in the strategy literature emphasizing the role of the external environment on firms' strategies. We predict that a short-selling-friendly environment has a negative effect on the number of outside directors, which is supported by our firm and year fixed effect difference-in-differences analysis. We find that the negative effect of a short-selling-friendly environment becomes stronger when outside directors have a larger network and are busy. Furthermore, we investigate the moderating effect of chief executive officer (CEO) influence on the board and find that the negative effect is more pronounced when the CEO serves as the board chair and when the nominating committee is more nonindependent. Our research identifies a novel determinant of board composition and addresses the endogeneity issue in board composition literature. Funding: This work was supported by the Sogang University Research Grant of 202210048.01. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.16506. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with an Irish poet Harry Clifton is presented. Topics include Clifton's life, poetry, and creative process; his sense of placelessness rooted in suburban Dublin, Ireland; his book, "Herod's Dispensations", and the evolution of his poetic style. He reflects on his formative years in Dublin, the impact of foreign influences on his work, and the meditative and existential nature of his writing, offering insights into his approach and advice for emerging writers.

Copyright of Comparative Literature / Primerjalna Književnost is the property of Slovenian Comparative Literature Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AbstractJosep Carner translated Dante’s sonnets for an anthology of poems from Vita Nuova translated into Spanish and Catalan that Lluís Carles Viada i Lluch published together with his own complete translation, La Vida Nueva (1912); and also for ‘Rims de l’hora’, a literary column of the newspaper La Veu de Catalunya (1913–1914). Considering the pieces Carner chose to translate, this article reflects on his interest in Dante’s objective representation of passions and thoughts, and looks for similar uses in one of the modalities of lyrical poetry he put into practice in his book La paraula en el vent (1914). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the impact of Sasanian hegemony in Georgia (Kartli/Iberia) on the monuments of early Christian Georgia's material culture. It explores how Sasanian political power and influence were conveyed through visual imagery, depicting Kartli as an adaptive yet creatively distinct realm that incorporated many elements of Sasanian art and culture into early Christian iconography. The article focuses on some iconographic motifs representing the Sasanian concept of royalty and their adaptation to Georgian culture, analyzed through both Iranian and Georgian visual sources, as well as Georgian textual data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question of loss and its relation to aesthetic form emerges in poems by C. P. Cavafy that deal specifically with the unacknowledged losses suffered by lives on the sexual margins for whom the challenge of survival takes shape under punitive social forces. Finding in Greek literary tradition the aesthetic potential to manage what is unmanageable about loss under the historical conditions of modernity Cavafy has recourse to the poetry of lament to reimagine the work of living with enduring loss. Cavafy's revisions to the poetry of lament facilitate the process of grieving for same-sex desiring subjects especially when one does not know precisely what or how much has been lost. A number of these poems articulate new forms of pleasure that become possible in the aftermath of loss thus proposing sensual pleasure as a mode of survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "The Hidden Paths. Interview with Pilar Cabrera Fonte" highlights the importance of the Juan Rulfo Fine Arts Prize for first novel, established in 1980 by the INBA of Mexico. Pilar Cabrera Fonte, winner in 2022 with the novel "Camelia 12", is an academic based in the United States. The interview reveals her writing process, literary influences such as Virginia Woolf and Virgilio Piñera, and her personal life, including her relationship with writing and the balance between family life and literary creation. [Extracted from the article]

Since achieving political independence in the 1960s, Anglophone Caribbean nations have faced the urgent task of exploring cultural independence. In the socio-cultural sphere, Black nationalism dominated, with Pan-Africanism and Rastafarianism exerting significant influence. In literary creation, writers and intellectuals sought to unearth local popular religions and folk traditions to produce literature that was distinctively Caribbean. In this quest, rituals—especially those involving religious possession—emerged as pivotal tools for writers to explore historical traditions and reflect on identity formation. Ritual plays, in particular, vividly represented these dynamics within the socio-cultural context. This paper examines the interaction between Black nationalist movements and ritual plays during this period, highlighting their significant role in shaping Caribbean identities. It reveals that ritual plays such as Dream on Monkey Mountain, Couvade, and An Echo in the Bone challenge Pan-Africanism promoted by Black nationalist movements. Instead, they employ ancestor possession rituals and elements from multiple religious rituals to construct a native Caribbean identity. These plays underscore the central role of Afro-Caribbean traditions while also highlighting the region's diverse cultural heritage and the localized nature of Caribbean identity. Furthermore, they broaden the use of religious rituals in recalling and understanding traditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces one of the forgotten figures of religious and literary studies: the Italian scholar, philosopher, metaphysician, poet and writer Silvano Panunzio (1918–2010). His contribution has so far been relegated to the margins of academic debate, and, currently, there are no academic studies on his work, in which mysticism plays a pivotal role. Panunzio believed that the transcendental and mystical dimension is fundamental for fully understanding the social, cultural, historical and political events of humanity. Another relevant aspect of his work is the importance he gave to literature and its relationship with mysticism, as in the case of Dante's Divine Comedy or other European and Eastern writers and poets, such as Goethe, Shakespeare, Ibn Arabi and Dostoevsky. Significantly, Panunzio saved from oblivion the work of a forgotten man of letters of the nineteenth century, Gabriele Rossetti (1783–1854), who proposed the first symbolic and esoteric interpretation of Dante's literary production and of European medieval love literature. Raising awareness of the intellectual amnesia around the figure of Silvano Panunzio may be a useful contribution to future research, both in the field of religious and literary studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraction of affinity features and natural fusion are crucial for achieving style transfer. To address this problem, this paper proposed a novel arbitrary style transfer model, called NFP-AST, emphasizing the preservation of natural features. Through a reversible residual network, it performed binary processing of features in both forward and backward inferences, ensuring the extraction of affinity features and reducing image reconstruction errors. In the adaptive space reconstruction module (ASRM), it firstly used global statistical information to match content and style features, followed by interpolating adaptive weights in the fusion features to capture details for unbiased merging of content and style features, resulting in a natural style transition. Qualitative and quantitative experimental results indicate that NFP-AST produces stylized images with better scores compared to state-of-the-art methods, demonstrating enhanced visual impact in artistic expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article argues for the influence of Vergil's Fama (Verg. Aen. 4.173–97) on the opening scene of Valerius Flaccus' sixth book (Val. Fl. 6.1–30) and offers a metapoetic interpretation of the passage by reading Fama not only as a personification of Rumor but also as a representation of the literary tradition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a case study that illustrates the complex intersection of art, politics, and diplomacy in the interwar period. Based on Finnish and Soviet archival documents and press publications, it examines the entire process of organising a Finnish art show abroad. The exhibition, held from 28 November to 24 December 1934, in Moscow, was seen as a landmark event, drawing significant attendance and fostering Finnish–Soviet cultural exchange. By analysing various factors contributing to its success, we provide a detailed picture of both artistic and political influences, demonstrating how cultural events can transcend mere aesthetic appreciation to become significant diplomatic tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to examine the development of literary criticism throughout its history from structuralism to postmodernism, using Edward Said's criticism of Orientalism as a case study. A discourse- grounded analysis approach was used to analyze critical texts and articles related to this development. The results showed, according to Said, that the traditional Western depiction of the East is biased and based on power relations, which influenced postcolonial philosophy and the literary canon (Smith, 2018). Said sought to expose biases in Western literature’s depiction of the East (Jones, 2016). His writings have sparked debate about the role of the critic in shaping literary discourse, shifting critical focus toward questions of power, representation, and identity, and increasing opportunities for underrepresented groups to have their voices heard (Brown & Johnson, 2019). Said's critique of Orientalism has influenced contemporary literary criticism, opening the door to a more diverse and comprehensive literary study (Garcia & Lee, 2020). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While social media influencers' impact on consumer choices in brands and products has been extensively studied, their influence in the realm of arts and culture, particularly literature, remains underexplored. This study fills this gap by examining the influence of literary influencers, or "book influencers", on readers' book choices and their likelihood of following such recommendations. Using source theory as our framework, we develop a model focused on the perceived credibility of these influencers. We hypothesize that this credibility depends on the influencer's characteristics, like popularity, and the reader's literary preferences, such as genre specialization. Our empirical experiment with 280 French readers reveals that an influencer's perceived credibility significantly affects readers' intentions to read a book, only when the influencer is less popular. This effect is amplified when readers lack genre specialization, indicating omnivorous reading habits. These findings challenge initial hypotheses and open new avenues for research into the role of literary influencers in shaping readers' choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In August, Knopf published Elif Shafak's new novel, There Are Rivers in the Sky. In this story spanning centuries, three characters are connected by history, The Epic of Gilgamesh, and [...]

Born in London in 1997, Andrej Al-Asadi is among the foremost young poets writing in Macedonian today. In a conversation with Peter Constantine, he discusses his multicultural background and the [...]

Widely celebrated as one of the most influential twentieth-century Australian poets, Judith Wright occupies a central and uncontested space in the national literary canon. The political drive of her poetry, intertwined with her lifelong commitment to ecological and Indigenous rights activism, transformed the platform afforded her as a ‘poet of the land’ into a discursive space through which to contest the legitimacy of her own positioning – as a settler, as a poet, and perhaps most significantly as an anticolonial ally. Despite this, and despite the growing urgency of conversations about institutional decolonization, Wright’s complex legacy as a decolonial agent remains largely uncontested. This article considers Wright’s poetic capacity to strike at the foundation upon which she stands and to excavate the violent histories beneath it; however, it also illuminates the inherited literary traditions that stunt her disruptive efforts. Drawing her contribution as a writer-activist into broader reflections on decolonization, I demonstrate the lasting significance of Wright’s reparative gestures – acknowledging and attending to active silences – as a timely model for literary canon reformation. Such (re)considerations of Wright’s legacy raise pertinent questions about what constitutes decolonial literary activism and gesture towards the silences as yet unbroken by the broader decolonial project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The current research has examined and compared the similarities and differences between the two famous and popular epic characters Karna in the mahabharata and Sohrab in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. In various fields, Sohrab is similar to one of the heroic characters of the Mahabharata named Karna. Karneh and Sohrab are considered symbols of courage, faith and outstanding ethics. Their story reveals the identity and complexities of father-child relationships. This article was written using the comparative method with the aim of finding the similarities and differences between Karneh and Sohrab. The findings of the research show that both of the mentioned characters face the same life path and heroic and tragic characteristics. For example, both of them have unique valor and bravery in the war, they live far from their father after birth, their father's identity remains hidden from them, they have a sign and gift from their father, they struggle to find their true identity and place. Unknowingly, they die at the hands of their loved ones and ultimately fate sets a tragic fate for them. It can be said that such similarities arise from the common roots of the culture and civilization of India and Iran and their common ethnic and racial background. In addition to this, cultural and literary exchanges between Iran and India have led to the formation of patterns, role-playing and common cultural concepts between these texts, Karna and Sohrab, are examples of these common concepts.Methods: This study employs a comparative analysis to explore the similarities and differences between Karna in the Mahabharata and Sohrab in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh. Results: The findings indicate significant parallels between the two characters. Both Karna and Sohrab experience similar life trajectories: separated from their fathers, struggling with hidden identities and meeting their fate in tragic battles against loved ones. Their heroic qualities and doomed fates underscore common cultural themes such as the tension between individual desires and predetermined destiny. Additionally the use of paternal tokens in both epics symbolizes their connection to their lost heritage. Conclusions: The study concludes that the similarities between Karna and Sohrab highlight not only shared cultural narratives but also universal themes of heroism and tragedy. The parallels in their lives suggest a deep rooted connection between the Indo Iranian literary traditions. Furthermore, these characters embody the archetype of the tragic hero, demonstrating the timeless nature of their struggles and fates across different cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The eleventh and twelfth centuries witnessed either the rise or revival of long-form amorous narratives in at least four courtly language traditions across the southwestern flank of Eurasia: Persian, Georgian, Greek, and French. This coeval occurrence of the "rise of romance" offers fruitful grounds for considering broad literary-historical questions about genre, poetics, and interconnectivity in a comparative fashion. The aim of this article is to give an account of this phenomenon in the early Persian context, with special attention to the role of poetry in transforming popular tales into elite literature. Understanding the implications of this practice may shed some light on possible factors contributing to the romance's (re-)emergence in other twelfth-century literary traditions. As a coda, this article suggests twelfth-century Anatolia and Syria as significant contact zones where all four of the courtly languages mentioned above would have had some opportunity to interact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the composition of Shota Rustaveli's epic poem "The Man in the Panther's Skin" in thirteenth-century Georgia, focusing on the poet's dedication to Queen Tamar and the controversial adaptation of a non-Christian story into Georgian verses. It explores the transcultural poetic practices of the later medieval period, highlighting the entanglement of Muslim and Christian communities in Western Asia and the strong connection between poetry and patronage networks. The text emphasizes the importance of studying poetry as a universal literary form in Europe and Western Asia during this period, inviting readers to explore diverse literary traditions and cultural interactions. [Extracted from the article]

Israel Zangwill (1864–1926) was the best-known Jewish anglophone writer and public intellectual during his lifetime. There has been a contemporary resurgence of interest in Zangwill's life and work in Britain, France, America and Israel, which will be discussed in the introduction and is illustrated by the articles in the special issue. I focus on the legacies of Zangwill both locally and globally. At the heart of the introduction is the way that Zangwill's legacy varies in different national cultures. It explores how Zangwill reuses the idea of the ghetto from the German tradition of ghetto literature; radicalises Herzl's political Zionism in the form of Jewish territorialism; and refashions President Roosevelt's idea of the melting-pot for popular consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inspired by Western secular literary tradition, many diasporic writers in the Maghreb in general and in Morocco in particular did not include religious or spiritual themes in their literary works, as compared to the valorized ones of race, class and gender. Much of Maghrebian fiction, primarily written by immigrant writers of Islamic background who adopt secular perspectives that are often critical of Islam, has depicted religion, especially Islam, in negative terms. Tahar Ben Jelloun is one of those writers who are criticized for being self-orientalizing authors who 'prostitute' their works to their Western audience. But, Tahar Ben Jelloun is misunderstood by the majority of his readers. In this article, using postsecularism and secular spirituality as analytical tools, I will explore the postsecular identity and diasporic religion in Tahar Ben Jelloun's A Palace in the Old Village. Reading the novel from a postsecular perspective and more specifically from a secular spiritual perspective, I will show that Tahar Ben Jelloun is neither self-orientalizing Islam nor celebrating French secularism. Instead, he is upholding postsecular values and diasporic consciousness by negotiating instances of extremism and communalism that mark the failures of both organized religion and Eurocentric secularism. Indeed, Ben Jelloun presents Islam as faith, as a spiritual practice; a diasporic religiosity which is not associated with any political doctrine or organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines three novels that use fiction to revise the figure of the Argentine author Leopoldo Lugones: Ricardo Piglia’s Respiración artificial (1980), C. E. Feiling’s Un poeta nacional (1993), and César Aira’s Lugones (2020). These three novels present different portrayals of Lugones, which also mirror their opposing views of the Argentine literary tradition. Piglia, Feiling, and Aira look back at the so-called national poet when self-fashioning themselves as writers and outlining a literary project in a (post)dictatorial scenario. In a cultural field marked by the effects of state terror and neoliberal reform policies, these fictional renderings of Lugones become a means of reflecting on the political past and the future of literature. Ultimately, I argue that Respiración artificial, Un poeta nacional, and Lugones devise a figure of the Argentine author decoupled from the mission of consolidating a national identity that Lugones epitomized for nearly half a century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the evolving role of Virtual Reality (VR) in art and performance, emphasizing the need for new forms of engagement that resist commercial exploitation. Topics include the potential of VR to create embodied experiences in storytelling, the challenges of merging narrative with interactivity, and the exploration of strategies that allow audiences to actively participate and influence their experiences within these immersive environments.

This article situates Richard Norwood's (1590–1674) manuscript spiritual autobiography "Confessions" at the intersection of diverse literary influences and modes of writing, including artisan and "middling sort" life writing and travel writing of the early modern period. It argues that, in Norwood's hands, spiritual autobiography became a highly flexible textual template and a rich testimony of his mobility, which intertwined with and gave shifting meanings to Norwood's spiritual and embodied movement throughout the narrative. My argument is informed by a material reading of the manuscript (held in Bermuda Archives) and recent work in nonlinear and "ongoing" migration and mobility studies, seeing Norwood's text as a rich retrospective, yet unsettled record of his perpetual geographic and social mobility, which Norwood explained by his precarious employments and inability to settle in his faith. Considering the material text in relation to Norwood's mobility allows scholars to approach the text and its author from a fresh vantage point, and to reevaluate its retrospective processing, construction, and editing, appreciating how "Confessions" presents Norwood's life as "unmoored," never reaching the spiritual settling he so yearned for. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay offers a novel framework for the definition of biblical wisdom as a genre by suggesting self-presentation as a key to understanding the genre's dynamics. By framing the material as sapiential, the authors/editors provide a hermeneutical tool for readers, based on a set of shared conventions. Forming the scarlet thread of the genre, this »self-identification« is »thickened« by a set of fluid features – many of which are related to the labile conventions associated with the wise. This spinal cord links later works to the tradition even when expectations change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of big data and artificial intelligence technology, the methods and approaches of literature research have also undergone profound changes. This study aims to explore and analyze how these technologies are integrated with literary studies and the new perspectives and opportunities that this integration brings to literary studies. The study investigates the use of advanced techniques in literary analysis, with a particular focus on the analysis of metaphors in literary works, the interaction between literature and social media, and statistical methods in literary criticism. Further, the influence of these technologies on literary theory and education is discussed, and a series of revelatory conclusions are drawn. Collectively, these technologies have opened new portals to literary research, providing a wealth of tools and resources for literary researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Studii de Ştiintă şi Cultură is the property of Studii de Stiinta si Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kultur Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Journal of Cultural Studies / Kultur Arastirmalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article explores the ways in which the Arabic sīra a genre loosely akin to the romance or chivalric epic can be incorporated into undergraduate teaching on medieval romance. Drawing on my own pedagogical experience and guided by ongoing critical work on decolonising and diversifying the curriculum, I demonstrate the values and challenges of bringing Arabic texts, read in translation, into modules that configure English literature degrees in UK higher education. I focus on Sīrat Sayf bin Dhī Yazan a dynamic sīra available in Lena Jayyusi's lively English translation ('Adventures of Sayf ben Dhi Yazan'), that contains folkloric and chivalric motifs and themes recognisable to readers of western romances, including adventuring heroes, disguise and recognition, magic and the supernatural, and love. Here, I aim to show that comparative familiarity is an ideal tool to de‐familiarise and reorient perspectives on 'romance' (in the broadest sense) in the classroom. Sīrat Sayf opens up a gateway to another geographical location, both historical and imaginative, another cultural and religious context, and another literary and linguistic tradition. I show the importance of multilingualism in teaching romance on 'English' degrees and the broader questions this raises about the stakes of reading in translation while also opening up ways of understanding—and steps to undoing—the structures that create and uphold canons, including medieval romance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poets often use different tools and vocabularies to describe their ideologies and literary influences. Jeffries suggests various textual-conceptual tools to explore how texts are used to persuade and affect readers to adopt certain ideologies. Utilizing Jeffries' tools, the current paper aims to qualitatively investigate the ideologies presented in „Four Faces of Loss''. Then, some research questions are raised: Is the language used in the four poems extracted from „Four Faces of Loss'' ideological? How do these four different poets, with different backgrounds, use language to convey ideologies? How are the textual-conceptual functions used to express ideology or affect the reader? The study concludes that different textual-conceptual functions have been used by the poets each to express an ideology or to affect readers. Various words or expressions are used to reflect the poet's aspect of loss in one way or another. The four poems are knitted in a way to affirm that the use of language in these poems intends to awaken the feeling of loss of identity, belonging, oneself, etc., to express fear, doubt, distrust, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Slovenská Literatúra: Revue Pre Literárnu Vedu is the property of Institute of Slovak Literature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study delves into the works of the Turkic poet Osman Kemal Efendi, commonly known as Osman Kemali. He was a devoted disciple of Jalal al-Din Rumi and a memorizer of the Quran. Rumi's profound engagement with rational and transmitted sciences, literature, jurisprudence, hadith, Quranic exegesis, and the sayings of Imam Ali (AS) provided the fertile ground for the emergence of the most exquisite panegyrics dedicated to Imam Ali (AS) in the Persian literary tradition. This influence has also inspired Osman Kemali's poetry to be crafted in an ethereal style, embodying a genuine affection for the Ahl al-Bayt (AS). The significance of the present research lies in the introduction of a poet unreserved in his expression of love for the household of the Prophet. The primary objective of this study is to examine the extent to which Osman Kemali's poetry is influenced by Rumi. The research methodology is predominantly library-based, supplemented by interviews in certain sections of the study. The theoretical framework is grounded in discourse analysis, drawing on the ideas of Fairclough (2001). Findings indicate that Kemali's poetry is deeply influenced by Rumi in terms of theme and meaning, and it can be posited that the meter of his verses closely resembles that of Rumi's. In contrast to Rumi's poetry, which incorporates both personal and impersonal pronouns, Kemali's work is characterized by a restriction to personal pronouns. Another salient feature of Osman Kemali's poetry is his use of allusion; he employs verses, hadiths, and even Rumi's poetry as allusions throughout nearly all of his works, following Rumi's stylistic approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Forschungsjournal Soziale Bewegungen is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

African Americans and Palestinians share a long history of prolonged traumas, ethnic genocide, and systematic apartheid, which finds its traces in Palestinian and African American poetry of resistance. The brutal practices of the Israeli government in Palestine, as well as the racist ideology and imperialistic hegemony of the recurring American governments, became the primary targets of African American and Palestinian resistance poetry. This treatise critically investigates social, political, historical, and human zones of contact between African American and Palestinian poets through the lens of postcolonial theory, highlighting topics of collective interest that underpin the discourse of the two poetic traditions. Exploring historical and textual spaces, the article illustrates tendencies toward home, identity, freedom, and struggle that permeate the Palestinian and African American poetic discourse. With its focus on poetry, the article highlights parallels between the two literary traditions that brought Palestinians and African Americans together in their fight for independence, self-determination, sovereignty, and universal justice. While African American nonviolent protest poetry is marked by intense nostalgia and a burning yearning for freedom, Palestinian resistance poetry is primarily defined by intense rage, revolution, and a vehement burning desire to reclaim the lost land and identity via all possible acts of resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the construction of "Indian literature" as an object of enquiry in William Jones's essays in the Asiatic Researches (1788-1794). In the first section it studies Jones's method of employing the nation as a frame of reference in geographical and cultural terms in order to construct a "national" literature for India. Extending the scope of his comparative philology, the second section argues that Jones sought to establish an equivalence between diverse literary traditions such as the Indo-Persian and the European, for the benefit of his European readership. The paper concludes by exploring the role of what Bernard Cohn terms the "enumerative modality" as a specific method of investigation through which the Asiatic Researches classifies and thus defines India's diverse and multitudinous literatures. Being informed by colonial discourse studies as well as periodicals research, this paper focuses on the rhetorical construction of the widely accepted nexus between Orientalism and British imperialism in late eighteenth-century India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malcolm Bradbury's novel Rates of Exchange, taking the economic term "rates of exchange" as a central metaphor, depicts various exchanges occurring in the socio-economic landscape of Britain during the 1970s and 1980s. In the context of governmental emphasis on economic development, the novel intricately explores exchanges among diverse entities, playing with multiple meanings of the term "exchange". In this way, the novel itself becomes a form of "legal tender," exchanged for reader comprehension, communication, and participation. It highlights the ubiquitous presence of exchange and the risks associated with the uncertain exchange rates between different entities. Furthermore, it invites readers to participate in the story-telling and the nostalgic journey back to British literary tradition. This paper, drawing on Roland Barthes's semiotic theory along with structuralist and poststructuralist concepts, investigates the multifaceted meanings of "exchange" in the novel. Through this analysis, the paper aims to illuminate the semiotic significance of various narrative forms and the profound thematic concerns in Bradbury's work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences / Uluslararasi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Humanitas: International Journal of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As both artificial intelligence (AI) and creativity are being foregrounded in UK policy agendas, this paper identifies a striking underrepresentation of artists and artistic practice in cultural policy discussing creative innovation. This is despite increasing academic literature, arts-led research, and case studies evidencing a close and dialogic relationship between art and AI. To illustrate this, we first call attention to the impact artistic practice has on AI, against the more common discourse of AI's impact on the arts. We then review UK policy addressing the intersection of the cultural sector, creative industries, and digital sector. Taking this context into account, we argue that artists and artistic practice are currently underrepresented in cultural policy advocating for investment in creative innovation. We suggest this under-acknowledgement is embedded as foundationally as the policy language used to articulate the intersection of arts and technologies, foregrounded by the semantic separation of "Visual arts" and "Artistic creation" from the "Digital Sector" in UK Standard Industrial Classifications. This separation reveals a misalignment of policy and practice that risks underrepresenting the important contribution artists make to the development of AI, and discourse around its role in society. Addressing this misalignment requires a review of policy language used to articulate the intersection of the cultural sector, creative industries, and digital sector in order to more closely align artistic practice with the development of AI. This is an important first step in establishing cultural policy that recognises, prioritises, and invests in artists as the agents of creative innovation that literature and practice evidence them to be. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractSince the onset of the Syrian civil war in 2011, Syrians have sought refuge in various nations, with Türkiye notably emerging as a prevalent destination. Due to Türkiye’s “open door” policy, rougbly 3.5 million Syrians have been conferred temporary protected status, with nearly half being children. Given the recent mass migrations, enduring migration flows, and substantial numbers of asylum-seeking children, fostering respect for diversity among children has become crucial. This research, therefore, was conceptualized to offer solutions within school social work aimed at promoting peace for asylum-seeking children facing segregation/discrimination. The study focuses on transforming the attitudes of host community children toward asylum-seeking children through literary works specifically “The Little Prince.” Utilizing a Parallel Mixed Methods Design, 30 participants were selected via purposive sampling. The study investigated: “How does the implementation of school social work through literary works influence respect for differences, tolerance and love among children?” The findings suggest that integrating school social work practices with artistic mediums, particularly literary works, should be considered for social work interventions targeting children and their social environments within educational programs in Türkiye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shortly after Toussaint Louverture died in 1803, a literary tradition emerged in British abolitionist texts which portrayed the character of Toussaint in heroic terms. This article takes five texts written between 1803–1863 to demonstrate how Toussaint was constructed as an antislavery hero and what the motivations were behind this construction. The hero can be understood as a lens through which Toussaint’s character, and the character of the whole Haitian Revolution, was flattened. The hero was a frame that made him knowable and understandable to European audiences, but that also erased both the mass of enslaved people that formed the grassroots of the revolution in Haiti, as well as the many aspects of Toussaint himself that were not deemed to fit the hero narrative. This literary tradition arose because the mainstream of the nineteenth-century British antislavery movement opposed and feared rebellions led by enslaved people, believing on racist grounds that they were violent, uncontrolled, and anarchic, and at odds with the new liberal vision of empire that most British abolitionists wanted to create. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reads Malika Moustadraf’s recently translated collection of short stories as an instance of a new generation of Moroccan female writing that subverts conventional expectations of female fiction and understanding of gender identities in Morocco. Following a narrative criticism approach, the article investigates how Moustadraf uses fiction to communicate an identity crisis when the experiences of the body toggle between desire and disgust, rot and purity, and ultimately, life and delusion. In Moroccan fiction, identity, the body, and sexuality have often been considered a male territory, mostly explored through male lenses. By tackling issues of gender fluidity, cybersex, and body relations in the Moroccan context as early as the beginning of the twenty-first century, Moustadraf’s short stories contribute to an avant-garde female literary tradition that would only gain ground about two decades later. While female writing has long been conditioned by social expectations for language and themes to be feminine, Moustadraf stands out by breaking through the boundaries of taboo identities and excessively polished writing. A close reading of Moustadraf’s long-lost works provides a fresh perspective on the development of Moroccan fiction and gender consciousness in contemporary Morocco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]