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This study deals with some basic inference problems about future observations in a general linear model (GLM) with linear parameter constraints, known as a constrained general linear model (CGLM). Combining the CGLM and its future observations, the author turns the model into a reparameterized form. Using some quadratic matrix optimization methods, the author derives analytical formulas for calculating the best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) of all unknown parameter matrices under a CGLM and its future observations. In particular, the author next gives a comprehensive search on the comparison of dispersion matrices of BLUPs of unknown vectors by establishing various equalities and inequalities for dispersion matrices of BLUPs under the model by using elementary block matrix operations and some formulas of rank and inertia of block matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research suggests that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can have life-long consequences on emotional functioning. However, it is unclear how ACEs shape the dynamic features of everyday emotions. In the current preregistered study with two adult ecological momentary assessment samples (Ns = 122 and 121), we examined the linear and curvilinear associations of ACEs with daily emotion dynamic features. We expected ACEs to show linear associations with a higher baseline level, variability, and inertia of negative emotions, as well as a lower baseline level of positive emotions. Moreover, we expected ACEs to show U-shaped curvilinear associations with the variability of negative and positive emotions. The results did not support our hypotheses. Instead, ACEs showed an inverted U-shaped association with the baseline level and variability of negative emotions. Furthermore, ACEs also showed a U-shaped association with the baseline level of positive emotions and a linear association with higher variability of positive emotions. However, all associations were present in only one of the two samples. Our study underscores the critical need to incorporate a broad spectrum of ACEs in research samples to adequately capture their developmental consequences and the role of ACEs in contributing to the baseline level and variability of daily emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gravitational redshift effects undoubtedly exist; moreover, the experimental setups which confirm the existence of these effects—the most famous of which being the Pound–Rebka experiment—are extremely well-known. Nonetheless—and perhaps surprisingly—there remains a great deal of confusion in the literature regarding what these experiments really establish. Our goal in the present article is to clarify these issues, in three concrete ways. First, although (i) Brown and Read (2016) are correct to point out that, given their sensitivity, the outcomes of experimental setups such as the original Pound–Rebka configuration can be accounted for using solely the machinery of accelerating frames in special relativity (barring some subtleties due to the Rindler spacetime necessary to model the effects rigorously), nevertheless (ii) an explanation of the results of more sensitive gravitational redshift outcomes does in fact require more. Second, although typically this 'more' is understood as the invocation of spacetime curvature within the framework of general relativity, in light of the so-called 'geometric trinity' of gravitational theories, in fact curvature is not necessary to explain even these results. Thus (a) one can often explain the results of these experiments using only the resources of special relativity, and (b) even when one cannot, one need not invoke spacetime curvature. And third: while one might think that the absence of gravitational redshift effects would imply that spacetime is flat (indeed, Minkowskian), this can be called into question given the possibility of the cancelling of gravitational redshift effects by charge in the context of the Reissner–Nordström metric. This argument is shown to be valid and both attractive forces as well as redshift effects can be effectively shielded (and even be repulsive or blueshifted, respectively) in the charged setting. Thus, it is not the case that the absence of gravitational effects implies a Minkowskian spacetime setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gauging the extent of consumers' willingness to choose electric vehicles rather than conventional vehicles has become increasingly important. Based on the push–pull–mooring framework, this study aims to examine how these three factors influence consumers' intention to shift from conventional vehicles to electric vehicles. Based on 886 validated questionnaires from six pilot cities, findings reveal that push factors such as price consciousness and social influence are effective in convincing consumers to switch from conventional vehicles to electric ones. Moreover, pull factors, including perceived benefit and convenience, attract consumers to switch to EVs. In line with our expectations, mooring factors such as perceived risk and inertia have a negative effect on consumers' switching intentions. Furthermore, perceived risk and inertia significantly reduce the positive effect of push and pull factors on consumers' switching intentions. These findings provide important implications for China's transition to low-carbon transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine the generally accepted hypothesis that directed reciprocity is a powerful driver for cooperation. To do so, we consider a framework where agents situated on a circle network interact with their neighbors and have the choice to be egoistic, altruistic, or partially cooperative. We study the interaction between reciprocity, the likelihood that an agent reproduces value to the neighbor who has recently produced value for the agent, and inertia, the tendency of agents to repeat their previous choices even if other strategies are more successful. On the basis of extensive simulations, we conclude that for high levels of inertia, reciprocity enhances cooperation, while for low levels of inertia reciprocity rather subverts cooperation. For intermediate levels of inertia, we find a U-shaped effect. Reciprocity therefore interacts with the level of inertia in a non-monotonic fashion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: With the rapid development of human society and economy, the power generation technology of various new energy vehicles has begun to receive widespread attention. Methods: Due to the lack of inertia and frequency stability in the new energy vehicle power generation system, this paper proposes a power generation control method that combines linear active disturbance rejection control technology and virtual synchronous generator technology. This method first introduces the control strategy and inertial response of the virtual synchronous generator. Then, it uses linear active disturbance rejection control technology to improve the virtual synchronous generator technology to deal with the uncertainty and external interference in the system. Results: The results showed that when the virtual inertia coefficient was 0, and the new energy vehicles would hardly intervene in the regulation of the grid voltage. When the virtual inertia coefficient was 5, the decline rate of the DC bus voltage of new energy vehicles had slowed down. When the virtual inertia coefficient increased, the power output of new energy vehicles can be increased to the grid. When the load suddenly increased, and the corresponding DC bus voltage decreased more slowly. In the VSG output power comparison, under the research method, the frequency fluctuation only increased by 0.09 Hz and returned to the rated frequency of 50 Hz. Additionally, the dynamic process of the system output power was the shortest, lasting only 0.05 s. Discussion: The above results show that the research method has significant superiority and effectiveness in improving the inertial response and overall stability of the new energy vehicle power system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many experience sampling (ESM) studies suggested that high resilience is reflected by quickly recovering one’s emotional baseline. However, former studies relied on coarse data and did not look into differential recovery from emotional ups and downs. This preregistered proof-of-concept study therefore used high-resolution data collected in 2022 to compute emotional recovery after high levels of positive versus negative emotions. Adults (N = 68) participated in a three-week ESM study with eight assessments per day, complemented by short-spaced burst assessments. Resilience was assessed at baseline (trait-level; TR) and daily (day-level; DR). Multilevel survival analyses showed that high DR predicted faster returns from negative emotions, but also delayed returns following positive emotions (exp(β) = 1.32, p = 0.006). Instead, TR did not relate to emotional recovery (exp(β) = 0.85, p = 0.067). These findings were generally robust across different sensitivity analyses. This illustrates how innovative ESM designs combined with time-to-event analyses may further our insight in emotional recovery and the timescale at which it unfolds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Therapeutic inertia (TI), or failure to escalate or initiate BP lowering medications when BP is uncontrolled, increases with advancing age and may in part be due to perceived fall risk. This study examined the association of a fall risk assessment, based on patient response to three questions administered by trained staff, with uncontrolled BP (≥140/90 mmHg) during a clinic visit and with TI during clinic visits with uncontrolled BP among 13 893 patients age ≥ 65 years corresponding to 41 122 primary care visits. Separate generalized linear mixed effects models were used to examine the association of fall risk (low, moderate, and high) with uncontrolled BP and with TI at a clinic visit after adjustment for demographics, comorbidities, and total number of visits. Baseline mean age was 73.0 years (standard deviation [SD] 5.6), 43.3% were men and questionnaire‐assessed fall risk severity was low in 73.6%, moderate in 14.3%, and high in 12.2%. Compared to low fall risk, the adjusted odds of uncontrolled BP during a clinic visit were 0.97 (95% CI: 0.89, 1.06) and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.98) with moderate and high fall risk, respectively. In contrast, adjusted odds of TI during a clinic visit with BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.34) and 1.30 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.52) with moderate and high fall risk, respectively, compared to low fall risk. These findings suggest that perceived fall risk severity may be one of several factors that influence hypertension management in older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work investigates a Bregman and inertial extension of the forward–reflected–backward algorithm (Malitsky and Tam in SIAM J Optim 30:1451–1472, 2020) applied to structured nonconvex minimization problems under relative smoothness. To this end, the proposed algorithm hinges on two key features: taking inertial steps in the dual space, and allowing for possibly negative inertial values. The interpretation of relative smoothness as a two-sided weak convexity condition proves beneficial in providing tighter stepsize ranges. Our analysis begins with studying an envelope function associated with the algorithm that takes inertial terms into account through a novel product space formulation. Such construction substantially differs from similar objects in the literature and could offer new insights for extensions of splitting algorithms. Global convergence and rates are obtained by appealing to the Kurdyka–Łojasiewicz property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition towards an electricity system that is dominated by asynchronous and non-dispatchable generators, such as wind and solar power, entails challenges related to balancing the load and, thereby, keeping the grid frequency stable. Many technologies can contribute to load balancing and frequency control. This study investigates the interactions between electricity generation and frequency control in terms of investments and operation, using cost-minimizing, linear optimization modeling. The model is applied in three different geographic cases and for four future time-points, starting off with the already existing transmission and generation capacities, so as to yield insights into different systems and different stages along the energy transition. The results show that frequency control constraints in the optimization model have a weak impact on the system composition and cost, and that batteries are important for minimizing the impact. Furthermore, inertia requirements without a reserve demand show no impact on the cost or system composition. When allowing for vehicle-to-grid from battery electric vehicles, a large proportion of stationary grid battery investments is displaced, and the impact on system cost from adding frequency control constraints is removed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this research is to study firms’ decisions about price and quality in a setting where consumers cannot fully evaluate products and must rely on anecdotal evidence to make choices. Additionally, consumers exhibit inertia, or an overattachment to past purchases, in their decision making. To analyse firms’ behaviour, we employ a 2 period price competition model in which firms can choose their product quality. Consumers are aware of prices but learn about product quality through experience and anecdotal evidence, which influence their choices according to a simple decision rule. We obtain analytical results in the form of a Nash equilibrium for pricing and quality strategies across various levels of consumer inertia and conduct comparative statics. Our findings suggest that inertia intuitively makes the market less competitive as firms gain monopoly power over attached consumers. However, inertia also intensifies competition for unattached consumers and encourages firms to enhance product quality. Consequently, in certain situations, inertia can reduce product prices and contribute to improved market welfare.

For a general vector of all unknown vectors in a constrained linear mixed model (CLMM), this study compared the dispersion matrices of the best linear unbiased predictors with any symmetric matrix for determining the optimality of predictors among others. Using the methodology of block matrix inertias and ranks as well as elementary block matrix operations, some equalities and inequalities are derived for comparisons. Additionally, the comparison findings for the CLMM reduce to special instances of the general vector of all unknown vectors. We also provide some comparison findings between the CLMM and its unconstrained form. Finally, we give a numerical example to illustrate our theoretical findings.

To improve the computational efficiency, based on the generalized alternating direction method of multipliers (GADMM), we consider a class of accelerated method for solving multi-block nonconvex and nonsmooth optimization problems. First, we linearize the smooth part of the objective function and add proximal terms in subproblems, resulting in the proximal linearized GADMM. Then, we introduce an inertial technique and give the inertial proximal linearized GADMM. The convergence of the regularized augmented Lagrangian function sequence is proved under some appropriate assumptions. When some component functions of the objective function are convex, we use the error bound condition and obtain that the sequences generated by the algorithms locally converge to the critical point in a R-linear rate. Moreover, we apply the proposed algorithms to SCAD and robust PCA problems to verify the efficiency of the algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A linear statistical model including both fixed but unknown parameters and random unknown parameters is called a linear mixed model. The aim of this paper is to provide a unified study on a series of fundamental and important optimal estimation and prediction problems in the contexts of linear mixed models and their transformed models. We shall establish a mathematical procedure for solving some optimal estimation and prediction problems on a given linear mixed model and its transformed models using some precise analytical tools in matrix theory. The coverage includes constructing a general vector composed of all unknown parameters in the context of a linear mixed model and its transformed models, defining the best linear unbiased predictors of the vector, deriving the analytical expressions of the best linear unbiased predictors, and discussing a variety of theoretical performances and properties of best linear unbiased predictors. As extensions, we discuss the derivation of best linear unbiased predictors of future observations under a linear mixed model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When traditional grid-forming converters directly participate in the grid-connected operation of the power grid, due to the lack of a pre-synchronization control system, the voltage amplitude and initial phase on both sides of the grid-connected point will deviate, resulting in voltage and current distortion during grid-connected mode. An active support phase-locked loop free pre-synchronization control strategy based on the third-order model of a synchronous generator is proposed to address the grid-connected problem of the grid-forming converter mentioned above. First, a model of active support control with frequency integral feedback at small signal levels was constructed. The root locus method was employed to examine how system parameters affect the stability of the active support control system. Second, by adding phase pre-synchronization controllers and amplitude pre-synchronization controllers to the active frequency loop and excitation voltage loop of the third-order model, it was ensured that the frequency, phase, and voltage amplitude of the unit are consistent with the power grid, achieving a fast and smooth grid-connected mode of the unit. Finally, by using a DC source to simulate all types of new energy power generation equipment, the active support pre-synchronization control system based on the three-order model of synchronous generator is built in the MATLAB/Simulink simulation environment, and the accuracy and effectiveness of the control strategy in this paper is verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Microrefugia on alpine slopes may allow species to persist in a warming climate. How plant species richness could respond to of the effectiveness of climatic buffering, defined as the difference in climate change in a microrefugium in comparison to that of an open alpine slope as mediated by competitive priority effects, is explored. Location: Alpine habitat anywhere. Taxon: Vascular plants. Methods: A simple spatially explicit model of plant species with adaptations across a climatic gradient simulates reproduction, dispersal, and mortality through climatic change. The effectiveness of microrefugia in buffering climate change and levels of competitive priority effects are included as factors that alter demographic rates in an experimental framework. Spatial patterns of microrefugia and differences in dispersal are also simulated. Differences in mean species richness were analysed. Results: The number of species conserved, relative to an instantaneous equilibrium calculation with the same climatic change, decreases with inclusion of a period of change (transient vs. instantaneous, equilibrium change) and further with competitive priority effects. In these simulations, the number of species conserved does not simply increase with buffer effectiveness, as hypothesized, but instead is bimodal. Main Conclusions: The dip in number of species conserved in the middle range of buffer effectiveness occurs because barriers develop. These are temporal ecological traps, wherein species adapted to the middle of a climatic gradient become extinct, because their colonization of microrefugia is blocked by an extinction debt of resident species. The inertia that allows these demographic consequences is increased by competitive priorities. The highest levels of buffering and resulting inertia will not be ubiquitous but the bimodal pattern indicates that assessments of the role of microrefugia need to recognize the temporal species‐environment and species‐species interactions that will change the number of species conserved versus extinctions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing electrification of lifestyles in Indonesia has prompted a shift in consumer preferences, particularly regarding kitchen appliances. Indonesia is currently facing an electricity oversupply issue, hence migrating consumers from traditional Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) stoves to induction stoves offers the potential to enhance electricity utilization and effectively address this predicament. This study aims to investigate the influential factors behind consumers' intentions to switch from traditional LPG stoves to induction stoves. The data were collected from 802 traditional LPG stoves consumers, who are Indonesian citizens, residing across various regions of Indonesia, and have not previously purchased an induction stove to achieve the objective. The collected data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal the importance of Push, Pull, and Mooring factors in motivating consumers to switch from LPG stoves to induction stoves. This research contributes critical insights to academia, industry, and policymakers as well, offering a nuanced understanding of the dynamics influencing this transition in the Indonesian market and playing a pivotal role in addressing the electricity oversupply issue in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Milgrom’s Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) correction to Newtonian gravity is shown to be equivalent to a more fundamental transformation between a non-inertial local reference frame and the fixed background of the observable universe, complying with Mach’s principle. Both Newton’s gravitational constant and Milgrom’s MOND acceleration parameter or scale constant are substituted for the speed of light and two varying and measurable cosmological parameters under the justification of Schrödinger’s and Sciama’s interpretation of Mach’s principle: causally connected mass and size of the universe. This Machian interpretation, free from fundamental constants and parameters with the exception of the speed of light as the speed of gravity, is based on relative field intensities of the small and large scale of the universe. The Machian MOND approximation is a necessary feature of a phenomenological theory of modified inertia which incorporates Mach’s principle in agreement with galaxy rotation curves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A dry frictional interface loaded in shear often displays stick–slip. The amplitude of this cycle depends on the probability that a microscopic event nucleates a rupture and on the rate at which microscopic events are triggered. The latter is determined by the distribution of soft spots, P(x), which is the density of microscopic regions that yield if the shear load is increased by some amount x. In minimal models of a frictional interface—that include disorder, inertia and long-range elasticity—we discovered an ‘armouring’ mechanism by which the interface is greatly stabilised after a large slip event: P(x) then vanishes at small argument as P (x) ∼ x θ (de Geus et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 116(48):23977-23983, 2019. ). The exponent θ is non-zero only in the presence of inertia (otherwise θ = 0 ). It was found to depend on the statistics of the disorder in the model, a phenomenon that was not explained. Here, we show that a single-particle toy model with inertia and disorder captures the existence of a non-trivial exponent θ > 0 , which we can analytically relate to the statistics of the disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polish Journal of Economics / Gospodarka Narodowa is the property of SGH Warsaw School of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Electronic Components & Materials is the property of Electronic Components & Materials and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The movement for reparations for those enslaved on the North American continent from 1450 to 1866 has a long history fraught with debate, criticized by individuals on both the right and left sides of the political spectrum. Specific points of contention include how much money should be allocated, who the recipients and potential liable parties should be, and what specific form reparations should take. Accounting for this historical opposition, this paper employs a corpus-based discourse analysis to examine the communicative barriers to implementing reparations. The corpora consisted of YouTube comments posted to news reports of six cities' reparations proposals. I utilized Sketch Engine to examine frequency of keywords, collocations, and concordance, followed by a close-reading discourse analysis of lexical, grammatical, and tonal elements. The analysis revealed myriad constructions of reparations resulting in inertia, the institutional tendency to preserve the status quo. This discursive formation is consequential not only for its implications for reparations, but for broader structural reform efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimal healthcare provision for the elderly is increasingly possible via real-time health indicators' data generated by mHealth care applications. Yet, these apps require continuous utilization, which remains problematic. This research examines gamification, usability, as well as empathetic cooperation and social interaction (ESCI) as enablers whereas inertia, sunk cost, transition cost, perceived risk, and technological anxiety are validated as inhibitors of mHealth care applications continued usage intention. Drawing on self-determination theory (SDT) and the Health IT Usability Evaluation Model (Health-ITUEM), the study also validates engagement as an influencer of continued intention. The sample comprised 643 older adults using mHealth care applications and residing in North Indian states. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied to assess and validate the hypothesized relationships. The results confirmed that usability strongly impacted engagement, followed by gamification and ESCI. Conversely, perceived risk emerged as the strongest inhibitor, followed by sunk cost, technological anxiety, and transition cost. Interestingly, Inertia had a positive and significant impact on engagement. This research is an initial endeavor to understand enablers and inhibitors of mHealth care applications (mHealth care apps) concerning older adults. The model that emerged from this study would provide valuable insights by validating various significant issues to generate engagement of the elderly towards mHealth care apps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By constructing counterexamples, the authors show that the fixed subgroups are not compressed in direct products of free and surface groups, and hence negate a conjecture in [Zhang, Q., Ventura, E. and J. Wu, Fixed subgroups are compressed in surface groups, Internat. J. Algebra Comput., 25, 2015, 865–887]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case report describes the findings of craniofacial anomalies associated with dystocia in a mixed‐breed bitch. A bitch in labour was presented for evaluation of dystocia, and an emergency caesarean section was performed. Two pups with craniofacial abnormalities were delivered by hysterotomy. One pup was stillborn, with congenital anomalies including palatoschisis (cleft palate), cheiloschisis (cleft lip), an open fontanelle, and a narrow teardrop‐shaped skull. The second pup was delivered alive and had cheiloschisis. Craniofacial malformations are a reported cause of dystocia in the dog, usually due to obstruction. However, dystocia in the reported case is presumed to have developed because the pup's craniofacial malformations prevented stimulation of uterine contractions. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report to describe craniofacial abnormalities affecting 100% of the litter and is the first known report to describe the relationship between craniofacial abnormalities and presumptive primary uterine inertia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND/AIM: This study aims to reveal the mediating role of the psychological contract with regard to the effect of inertia on the organizational performance of healthcare workers in radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data were collected by using a survey. The questionnaire form consists of four parts. The first part included the “Inerti a Scale” second, the “Psychological Contract Scale”, third part “Organization Performance Scale,”, fourth, questions regarding the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants were included. The target population was the 745 healthcare professionals working in the field of radiation from hospitals in the city of Konya, Turkey; thus, no sampling method was selected and an attempt was made to cover the entire population. A total of 419 healthcare professionals agreed to participate in the study. Process Macro Model 4 structural equation model were used in the analyses of data, descriptive statistics, validity and reliability, and correlation. RESULTS: Inertia has a negative effect on the psychological contract (β = - 0.455). The psychological contract has a positive effect on organizational performance (β = 0.823). In addition, inertia has a negative effect on organizational performance (β = - 0.311). This effect increases (β = - 0.143) with the addition of the mediating role of psychological contract. CONCLUSION: The psychological contract loses its effect and reduces organizational performance due to inertia. Therefore, inertia is one of the issues that merits research to increase organizational performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The adoption of mobile payment remains low in certain regions, highlighting the need to identify the factors that enable and inhibit its adoption. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the role of information security, loss aversion and the moderating influence of the herd effect on Inertia and behavioral intentions in the adoption of mobile payment systems. Design/methodology/approach: A structural equation model was developed and tested with 332 valid questionnaires to examine the proposed hypotheses. Findings: The empirical results reveal that information security plays a significant role as an enabler, while loss aversion acts as an inhibitor of mobile payment adoption. Furthermore, the study uncovers the moderating influence of the herd effect on the relationship between Inertia and behavioral intentions. Research limitations/implications: This study was conducted in a specific region and may not be generalizable to other regions. Future studies could expand the sample size and scope to enhance the external validity of the findings. Practical implications: This study offers practical implications for mobile payment service providers. Understanding the key enabling and inhibiting factors identified in this study can guide providers in designing and improving their services. Strengthening information security measures can help build trust among potential adopters, while offering incentives can mitigate the impact of loss aversion and encourage early adoption. Social implications: The findings of this study have social implications as they contribute to promoting the adoption of mobile payment systems. Increased adoption can enhance financial inclusion and stimulate economic development. Originality/value: This study provides novel insights into the enabling and inhibiting factors of mobile payment adoption and highlights the moderating role of the herd effect. By shedding light on the influence of social norms on individual behavior in the context of mobile payment adoption, this study contributes to the existing literature and advances our understanding of this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Firms can achieve trinomial sustainability goals if they can constantly build and rejuvenate their capabilities to adapt to new situations. However, few studies consider the interrelationships between the distinct capabilities pertinent to sustainable development and the impact of these capabilities on firm performance under diverse contexts, especially in emerging economies. Drawing on dynamic capability theory, we developed a model to test the links between dynamic sustainability capability, theorized as a higher order capability, and relational and managerial capabilities, theorized as lower order capabilities, to the firm's sustainability performance. Data collected from 210 large Indian manufacturing firms is analyzed using PLS‐SEM. Results confirm that dynamic sustainability capability has facilitating effects on environmental and social performance directly and indirectly through managerial capability. Although relational capability partially mediates the link between dynamic sustainability capability and social performance, it does not impact environmental performance. Further, the aforementioned relationships are affected by forces in the firms' environment. Most of the direct and indirect relationships are negatively moderated by organizational inertia and positively moderated by environmental turbulence. By investigating the hierarchically structured capabilities, this study guides firms to make strategic choices regarding resource calibration for sustainability. The study recommends that organizations looking to integrate dynamic sustainability capability as part of their strategic management should look at the sequential combinations of existing resources to achieve different sustainability targets. The study's findings also urge policymakers to consider environmental conditions while developing sustainability reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For positive real numbers r , p 0 , and p 1 < ⋯ < p n , let K r be the Kraus matrix whose (i, j) entry is equal to 1 p i - p j ( p i r - p 0 r p i - p 0 - p j r - p 0 r p j - p 0 ). In this article, we give a supplemental result to Sano and Takeuchi (J. Spectr. Theory, 2022) about the Kraus matrices K r : the simplicity of non-zero eigenvalues. Our proof is accomplished by arguments similar to those for Loewner matrices given by Bhatia, Friedland and Jain (Indiana Univ. Math. J., 2016). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrating a contingency perspective with status-quo theory, this study investigates how to break the inertial use of incumbent payments to use mobile-payment services in South Korea. We surveyed 330 Korean respondents from March 2021 to May 2021, using a non-probability purposive and web-panel sampling method. Our hierarchical regression estimation results reveal that the status-quo inertia of incumbent transactional method negatively influences user behavior regarding mobile payment adoption. Moreover, from a contingency perspective, individual factors, including gender and age, and technology environmental factors, such as technology diversity, weaken the effect of status-quo inertia. Meanwhile, regulatory environmental factors, such as institutional inertia, strengthen status-quo inertia's effect on the intention to use mobile payment. More attention has been given to the questions of how and why leapfrogging from traditional transaction methods to mobile payment has not yet been replaced. In this context, our findings could provide answers for both academic and industry experts who have explored how to break inertia to adopt mobile payment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel three-equation two-phase flow model is proposed for sedimentation and consolidation. • Fluid pressure increases with initial sediment concentration, necessitating incorporation of non-hydrostatic pressure. • Inertial effects become significant with larger grains, indicating the need to incorporate inertial forces. Sedimentation and consolidation, a multi-physical phenomenon of great significance in aquatic environments, usually involves dynamic pore pressure, inertial effects, fluid-particle interphase interaction and solid stress. However, simplified models for sedimentation and consolidation typically assume hydrostatic mixture pressure and neglect inertial effects without proper justifications. Here, a one-dimensional three-equation two-phase flow model (TTP) is proposed for sedimentation and consolidation, which directly resolves dynamic fluid pressure and inertial terms. The present TTP model is benchmarked against a series of experimental cases and two existing four-equation two-phase flow (FTP) models. It features encouraging performance as compared to measured data and computed results of the existing FTP model. Furthermore, the present TTP model shows superior computing efficiency over the FTP models. To investigate the influences of inertial effects and non-hydrostatic mixture pressure, two simplified versions of the TTP model are constructed and compared with the TTP model. It is shown that incorporating inertial effects and non-hydrostatic fluid pressure are important for accurately predicting the sedimentation-consolidation process. The present study facilitates a promising framework for modelling sedimentation and consolidation, thereby supporting effective sediment management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Technology upgrade has been adopted as a strategy for technology vendors to modify and improve their incumbent technologies. However, user resistance is widespread in practice. In order to understand user technology upgrade behavior, this study integrates the retrospective and prospective sides of actions and proposes an inertia-mindfulness ambidexterity perspective to explore the antecedents of technology upgrade. Design/methodology/approach: An online survey was conducted to collect data from 520 Microsoft Windows users to test this research model. Structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was used to evaluate measurement model and structural model. Findings: Inertia can induce individuals' psychological reactance and thus reduce their intention to upgrade. In contrast, mindfulness can decrease users' psychological reactance and then motivate them to upgrade to a new version of technology. Finally, individuals' dissatisfaction with the current version of technology would weaken the negative impact of psychological reactance on upgrade intention. Originality/value: This study generates an inertia-mindfulness ambidexterity perspective to investigate the factors that influence user technology upgrade intention from both retrospective and prospective sides and then identifies psychological reactance as underlying mechanism to explain how inertia and mindfulness work. Finally, this study posits that user dissatisfaction with current version of technology can moderate the relationship between psychological reactance and technology upgrade intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to clarify the evolution of the notion of primary matter in Leibniz’s philosophy. The analysis takes the scholastic discussion on the reality of primary matter as a framework to explain the development of Leibniz’s ideas. It will be shown that Leibniz argued in his earlier writings for a conception of primary matter as some sort of being (similarly in line with some scholastic philosophers like Scoto, Ockam, and Suarez). In contrast, in his mature metaphysics, he deployed this primary matter of reality, approaching Aquinas’s position in a creative and novelty manner.

Background/Aim: This study aims to reveal the mediating role of the psychological contract with regard to the effect of inertia on the organizational performance of healthcare workers in radiation. Materials And Methods: The data were collected by using a survey. The questionnaire form consists of four parts. The first part included the “Inertia Scale” second, the “Psychological Contract Scale”, third part “Organization Performance Scale,”, fourth, questions regarding the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants were included. The target population was the 745 healthcare professionals working in the field of radiation from hospitals in the city of Konya, Turkey; thus, no sampling method was selected and an attempt was made to cover the entire population. A total of 419 healthcare professionals agreed to participate in the study. Process Macro Model 4 structural equation model were used in the analyses of data, descriptive statistics, validity and reliability, and correlation. Results: Inertia has a negative effect on the psychological contract (β = - 0.455). The psychological contract has a positive effect on organizational performance (β = 0.823). In addition, inertia has a negative effect on organizational performance (β = - 0.311). This effect increases (β = - 0.143) with the addition of the mediating role of psychological contract. Conclusion: The psychological contract loses its effect and reduces organizational performance due to inertia. Therefore, inertia is one of the issues that merit research to increase organizational performance.

The study explores the multifaceted dimensions of user resistance through the lens of the Extended Innovation Resistance Theory (IRT), providing insight into functional, psychological and behavioural inhibitors that prevent users from integrating fintech chatbot functionality into their financial management practices. This study employed a quantitative approach and conducted PLS-SEM to analyse the data collected from 286 fintech users. Findings suggest that behavioural inhibitors and IRT variables, except image barrier, play a critical role in preventing users from adopting fintech chatbots. This study emphasises the need to address these behavioural complexities to foster a more conducive environment for the integration of fintech chatbot technology into the financial services industry. A significant contribution of this research is that it introduces a behavioural dimension to the IRT to explore factors affecting the adoption of fintech chatbots, thus contributing to the existing literature on the user adoption and resistance of technology.

We introduce an axiomatization of entropy that generates, as special cases, novel entropy types. These entropies generalize Shannon’s entropy and allow the introduction of entropy for partitions of sets of objects located in metric spaces, and for partitions of sets of vertices in undirected graphs. Corresponding metrics on the sets of partitions are introduced. Also, we hint to applications of these metrics for evaluation of clustering quality.

Due to the EV (Electric Vehicles) charging stations are characterized by weak damping and low inertia, the EV with a high degree of uncertainty can easily have an impact on the stability of the charging station system. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimization control method to improve the system inertia effect based on the fractional order impedance model of the charging station. This paper presents a study on establishing a fractional impedance model for charging stations, using the deviation between theoretical impedance spectra and actual measurements as a criterion. The goal is to enhance system inertia and optimize the parameters of the fractional-order controller to improve the supporting capacity of the charging station system and enhance its dynamic response. Initially, considering the fractional characteristics of the EV load, a fractional impedance model of the charging station is established. The analysis demonstrates that the fractional-order capacitor provides inertia to the system, enhancing its inertia support capability. In addition, a virtual inertia control strategy based on fractional-order PID (FOPID) is designed. Finally, an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is utilized to optimize the control parameters. Through experimental verification under different operating conditions, it has been demonstrated that the fractional-order control strategy can achieve a dynamic response time of approximately 0.025s and limit the voltage deviation within 5%. Furthermore, the rotational inertia can rapidly increase to the maximum value satisfying the objective function within 0.05s. The results indicate that this control method effectively suppresses the DC voltage and power oscillations in the distribution grid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]