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Purpose: Intimate partner violence (IPV) can have devastating socioeconomic costs for survivors. Several policies exist to support survivors' socioeconomic stability, but little research examines their impacts. The present study investigates whether three state-level workplace protections for IPV survivors – (1) right to reasonable accommodations; (2) confidentiality; and (3) protection from discharge for abuse-related work disruptions – are associated with increased employment and housing stability in a sample of mothers who have experienced IPV. Method: Data on survivors came from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study; the analytic sample was limited to mothers who had experienced IPV. State policy protections were compiled and merged with Fragile Families data in order to indicate which mothers lived in states with certain protections. Three hierarchal logistic models that nested women (N = 1,296) within states (N = 37) tested associations of living in a state with each of the protective policies with employment status and housing hardship. Results: All three policies were associated with increased likelihood of employment, but none related with reduced risk for housing hardship. Conclusions: Reasonable accommodations, privacy protection, and protection from discharge help survivors keep their jobs. State efforts to implement widespread protections for IPV survivors offer promise for promoting socioeconomic stability, but additional policies are needed to promote stable housing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Malaysia, chemical management in workplaces is managed under the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994. Hence, the introduction of the Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000 has strengthened the chemical management level in workplaces, including higher academic institutions. The introduction of chemical health risk assessment through the regulation required management to conduct the assessment at workplaces. Poor levels of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) in chemical laboratories may also cause discomfort among workers when there is sick building syndrome in laboratories. IAQ is managed through the Industry Code of Practice on Indoor Air Quality 2010. Although both are different in method and approach, both are meant to ensure the workers' safety and comfort. This study is aimed to investigate the need to integrate both chemical health risk assessment and IAQ assessment in laboratories to ensure optimum safety levels among workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the challenges Pakistani farmers face in adopting global good agricultural practices (GGAP) and highlights the limitations in infrastructure and cost-based clauses. A questionnaire based on GGAP's fruit and vegetable module version 5.0 was developed and validated by the Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad. This was a survey-based study of 15 farmers divided into 5 groups according to their annual farm turnover. The findings of the study indicated that, although the basic paperwork requirements of GGAP were implementable, clauses related to capital investment and technical record-keeping were not. Results showed that 90-100% of farmers considered risk assessments, training, and documentation on their farms. However, 42-56% of clauses related to record-keeping, installation, visual presentation, and infrastructure development, and 24-37% of clauses related to external testing, health, safety, and hygiene were declared not implementable. The study revealed a need for adapting GGAP standards to Pakistan's unique agricultural conditions, suggesting the development of localized standards for more practical implementation. The study's findings highlight crucial insights for policymakers and stakeholders in the agriculture sector and suggest the need for target strategies to overcome implementation barriers and optimize the adaptation of GGAP in Pakistan that would help to increase exports of agricultural commodities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper explores the reasons why Indonesia must have legal regulations to provide protection and guarantees for health workers in carrying out the profession in overcoming corona virus disease (COVID-19). This paper also explains the legal regulations as the foundation for today's medical workers' protection. This paper also aims at providing an ideal legal construction that safeguards the rights and obligations of health workers in overcoming COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach: In this paper, the author used qualitative research methods with a socio-legal approach. The data were obtained through literature study and analysis of laws and regulations through the socio-legal method. Findings: Various challenges and professional risks taken by health workers in dealing with COVID-19 derive from several factors, such as shortage of personal protective equipment, ineffective implementation of informed consent from the patients and the negative stigma spreading in the community. Moreover, the current legal regulation has not particularly modulated the protection of health workers, relying only on available articles that are actually irrelevant to be applied in the COVID-19 pandemic. Research limitations/implications: This research is focused on problems faced by health workers in combating COVID-19 and law concessions to ensure their protection. Practical implications: The final results of this research will be useful for The House of Representatives (DPR), the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (Kemenkes RI) and the Indonesian Medical Association (IDI) in establishing legal and regulatory construction for the protection of health workers in tackling COVID-19. Social implications: This research aims at strengthening legal protections for the health workers so that their rights and obligations are well guaranteed. Originality/value: This paper proposes an ideal legal construction for the protection of health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is currently still not specifically and rigidly regulated, to realize a guaranteed and sustainable life for health workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article critically analyzes the design and structure of the Bangladesh Accord, a private labor regulation initiative in the garment sector, focusing on contested features such as its legally binding nature, and transparency of functions. Topics include the Accord's innovative structural designs, the dynamics of its establishment post-Rana Plaza tragedy, and the interplay of scale, legitimacy, and risk in shaping private labor governance within global production networks.

BACKGROUND: The arrival of COVID-19 in Brazil and the accelerated process of dissemination/contamination added to the evolution of the clinical picture of the disease, and the saturation of the capacity of health services, creating new challenges for researchers, governments, and professionals involved in the occupational health area. OBJECTIVE: This article aims to systematize and synthesize the proposals adopted by the legislation and by the Brazilian State, with a focus on worker protection and guaranteeing a safe work environment for the performance of their professional activities. METHODS: This is qualitative bibliographical research of the narrative literature review type, developed from October 2020 to June 2021 in legislation databases using the strategy: "COVID-19" AND "coronavirus/coronavirus" AND "worker health" on official Brazilian government websites. RESULTS: The lack of an emergency plan for efficient actions to respond to the epidemic caused and is still causing the daily deaths of workers. CONCLUSION: There is a need to guarantee the effectiveness of national and international policies and norms that have been neglected by the Brazilian government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to shed light on the types of ergonomics and the extent of their contribution to improving the performance of workers in the province of liquefied petroleum gas Bashar and this is because the nature of work in the province differs between a closed space and an open one, the descriptive analytical approach was used to describe the phenomena of ergonomics and its types, occupational health and safety and the phenomenon of worker performance, and the questionnaire tool was used in order to answer a set of questions by workers, the results were that the type of Organizational ergonomics has a significant impact on improving workers' performance compared to physical and occupational safety and health dimension has an impact on improving workers' performance in terms of prevention measures and equipment and compliance with strict laws and procedures in order to preserve human and material resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. Workplace inspection supports improving the working environment. Changes in workplaces following inspections are construed as the inspection's outcome. This study aimed to develop a tool for inspection performance assessment (TIPA) based on identified inspection prerequisites and evaluate the tool's appropriateness for performance assessment. Methods. Occupational safety and health experts ranked the prerequisites for effective inspection performance, based on their experiences and perception of importance of the prerequisites. The outcome formed the basis for weighting and assignment of values to the prerequisite subgoals. An assessment tool interface, with which inspectors can assess their workplace inspection performance was designed. Inspectors from different national authorities provided feedback on the tool's appropriateness for measuring inspection performance. Results. Results showed much agreement between the inspectors. A five-level performance consideration based on inspection performance index attained was implemented. High average ratings for the test criteria were obtained, with high inter-rater consistency, and reliability. Conclusion. TIPA provides a systematic inspection performance quantification supporting inspectors' self-actualization, improving performance. Furthermore, the tool's generality allows for use irrespective of the inspection area without affecting inspection areas' specificity adjustments. In addition, the ease of use adds to its utility, with agreement on the tool's appropriateness for inspection performance assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occupational health and safety now has an important place today as a concept that surrounds and shapes business and working life. Since the industrial revolution, many studies have been carried out and legislations have been prepared on Occupational Health and Safety in the world and in Turkey. Although these studies were prepared to protect employees against occupational diseases and occupational accidents, they were often insufficient and not effective, and as a result, many work accidents and occupational diseases occurred and continue to occur. Unfortunately, in our country, occupational diseases and work accidents, which occur as a result of insufficient studies on occupational health and safety, still continue to be an important problem. When we look at the statistical data of the number of people who lost their lives due to work accidents and occupational diseases, we see that it reaches very serious numbers every year. The most important development made by governments in recent years on this issue is the reorganization of the occupational health and safety law and its update with Law No. 6331. Occupational Health and Safety Law No. 6331, which was created with a very detailed legislation, brought important responsibilities to the employer, but it was not possible to prevent occupational diseases and work accidents by changing the laws and regulations. The important thing is to impose on occupational health and safety profession employees and trainers that inspections should be carried out frequently within the framework of the current law and laws, and that no one should be given any concessions in this regard. I will examine the historical perspective and practices of urban transformation and the place and importance of occupational health and safety from planning to implementation of urban transformation today. I also defend the view that urban transformation is as important as occupational health and safety in urban transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an overview of a recent European Court of Justice (ECJ) judgment on the recording of working time in Germany. It explains that the ECJ's decision does not prohibit trust-based working time arrangements, where employers and employees agree on flexible working hours. The article also addresses the issue of multiple employments and the recording of working time with other employers, stating that there is currently no obligation to do so. It discusses data protection concerns and the lack of a statutory obligation for employees to provide information about their working hours. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of employers monitoring secondary employments and investigating any suspicious circumstances to ensure compliance with labor laws. The text also includes comments from legal professionals in Belgium, Denmark, and Finland, discussing the current practices and potential changes in their respective countries. Overall, the article highlights the need for further clarity and legislation in this area. [Extracted from the article]

Background: This evidence-based practice guideline was developed to update and address new issues in the handling of hazardous drugs including being compliant with NAPRA (National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities) and USP 800 (United States Pharmacopeia) standards, the use of personal protective equipment and treatment in diverse settings including in the home setting. Methods: This guideline was developed from an adaptation and endorsement of existing guidelines and from three systematic reviews. Prior to publication, this guideline underwent a series of peer, patient, methodological and external reviews to gather feedback. All comments were addressed and the guideline was amended when required. This guideline applies to and is intended for all health care workers who may come into contact with hazardous drugs at any point in the medication circuit. Results: The recommendations represent a reasonable and practical set of procedures that the intended users of this guideline should implement to minimize the opportunity for accidental exposure. These recommendations are not limited to just the point of care, but cover the entire chain of handling of cytotoxics from the time they enter the institution until they leave in the patient or as waste. Conclusions: Decreasing the likelihood of accidental exposure to cytotoxic agents within the medication circuit is the main objective of this evidenced-based guideline. The recommendations differ slightly from previous guidelines due to new evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is a book review of "An Australian and New Zealand human resource management guide to work health and safety" by Lynnaire Sheridan. The book aims to challenge complacency in work health and safety and promote a systems-based approach. It is divided into three sections, each supported by interactive videos and quizzes. The first section explores the historical development of safety and its influence on human resource management. The second section introduces the Swiss cheese model as a practical tool for evaluating organizational systems. The third section encourages readers to adopt a people-centric approach to work health and safety. Overall, the book is insightful and relevant for organizations and industries seeking to enhance their work health and safety systems. [Extracted from the article]

The article traces the history of the New York Workers' Compensation Law. Topics discussed include early judicial construction of Workers' Compensation Law, legislative changes to the law to expand its coverage and improve benefits for injured workers, legislative action from 1990-2017 including the New York Employment, Safety and Security Act of 1996, New York State Workers' Compensation Reform Act of 2007, and Workers' Compensation Board regulations.

Studies in several national jurisdictions have highlighted the limitations of joint health and safety committees and worker representatives in affecting change in working conditions. Using Canadian data, this article focuses on the argument that many health and safety committees and worker representatives have been captured or substantially controlled through the State's promotion of an internal responsibility system framed around a technocratic partnership. The historical development of this framing is first understood within a political economic framework which highlights several major influences, followed by a field theory analysis which explains how these control relations are established by management within workplace settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The current legal requirements in the field of occupational health and safety require the company to adapt the plant to the applicable regulations and the needs of the employee. Every employer is obliged to show care for the working environment. However, it is also necessary to care for the broadly understood health and safety culture and work efficiency. The article was written to present the role of the OHS service in shaping the culture of occupational health and safety in an enterprise and the correlation between increasing the level of occupational health and safety in an enterprise and shaping the culture of occupational health and safety. Design/methodology/approach: In order to define the role of the OHS service in shaping occupational health and safety, the article introduces the rights and obligations resulting from the Ordinance of the Council of Ministers and secondary laws. The concept of culture as a whole material and spiritual heritage and the way of shaping it in the enterprise were also defined. The theoretical basis used in the article is to define the advisory and control function of the OHS service in the enterprise. Findings: The role of the Occupational Health and Safety Service, which acts as an advisory and opinion-forming body and often also performs a supervisory function on behalf of the employer, is to skillfully perceive possible threats and, consequently, to prevent and minimize damage. When perfecting activities aimed at improving occupational health and safety, the OHS service must take into account not only visible signs of non-compliance with the rules, but also include those elements of culture that may remain invisible without careful analysis. Research limitations/implications: The highlights of the article is the need for the employee to participate in the process of building a culture of occupational health and safety in the enterprise, and the necessary increase in trust in communication between the employer and employee. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: For most products, for example, toys, food, cosmetics, there are regulations in European law that define safety requirements. However, each year, several thousand products potentially dangerous for consumers appear on the market. Producers’ organizations, as well as public institutions and consumer organizations are fighting to keep them as few as possible, yet, different market forces play a role here and they are still on the market. Therefore, consumers should be educated and knowledge about such products should be disseminated. Design/methodology/approach: In the research part, the products deemed unsafe in years 2015-2021 were analyzed. Additionally, the 80 latest alerts on dangerous products were also thoroughly analyzed. Data was collected from The European Commission Safety Gate system, The comparative analysis method was used as well as the documentary analysis. Findings: The aim of this article was to identify the main types of risk to consumers, related to the consumption of non-food products. The conducted analysis shows that it is mainly a risk of injury, poisoning, allergic reaction, as well as chocking and suffocation, but the risks vary greatly depending on the product group. It is significant that dangerous products are often intended for children, therefore the conscious attitude of parents is important. Research limitations/implications: It should be taken into account that the situation may change over time, that may be related to new legal norms, to a change in the economic situation on international markets due to new products, to greater awareness of producers, for example. Therefore this type of research should be discussed in a broader context. Practical implications: The analysis shows the need for an alert system against dangerous products. The results indicate that stereotypes about the ‘safe country of origin’ can change; in practice, therefore, consumers need new knowledge about dangerous products which will help them make informed decisions. Up-to-date knowledge is also needed by the sellers – they can make decisions about cooperation with suppliers that will be more favorable to them. Social implications: The awareness of the presence of dangerous products on the market is important for the health of consumers, but it is also important for producers themselves due to the potential damage that can be caused to consumers and the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data on adolescent occupational exposures from U.S. poison centers was last published in 2001. These updated data identify substances associated with poor clinical outcomes and suggest that greater efforts should be made to prevent adolescent workplace injury where exposure to these substances is likely. Objective: The aim of this study was to perform an updated description of adolescent occupational exposures reported to the US poison centers. Methods: We performed a descriptive analysis of adolescents aged 13 to 19 years with unintentional occupational exposures from 2011 to 2020 using the National Poison Data System. A clinically significant occupational poisoning (CSOP) case is defined as exposures with moderate effect, major effect, or death. Differences in substance categories between younger (13 to 17 years) and older (18 to 19 years) adolescents with CSOP were compared. Results: There were 14,374 adolescent occupational exposures. There were 2151 CSOPs. The most common substance categories associated with CSOP were household cleaners (22.3%), chemicals (20.8%), industrial cleaners (14.2%), fumes/gases/vapors (10.8%), and hydrocarbons (5.9%). Categories of exposures were similar across age groups. Conclusions: This study found that, despite a reduction in the number of adolescent occupational exposures, CSOPs persist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify what legal workplace protections are available for the mental health consumer workforce in Australia. Methods: Review the available common law and legislative protections to identify the general workforce rights and employer responsibilities in Australia. Results: Consumer workforce members enjoy protections under employment law, anti-discrimination law, tort law and work health and safety law. Conclusions: Consumer workforce members would benefit from understanding and exercising their rights, whereas employers should have better regard to their obligations under common law and legislation. However, further empirical research is needed to assess whether these legislative and policy frameworks sufficiently protect the rights of consumer workers. What is known about the topic? Australia's mental health consumer workforce is expanding. Traditional roles such as consumer consultants and peer support workers are multiplying, as are newer roles such as systemic advocacy, supervision and executive roles. However, the consumer workforce continues to face low pay conditions, stigma, discrimination and unsafe work conditions. What does this paper add? This paper clarifies how these unsatisfactory workplace conditions interface with existing employment-, anti-discrimination- and occupational health and safety-law rights and obligations. In doing so, it signals the key protections in place for the consumer workforce. What are the implications for practitioners? Consumer workers can better understand and exercise their rights. Equally, employers can better understand their obligations to mental health consumer workers, and how they may meet them. Policymakers can consider whether these frameworks are sufficiently protecting mental health consumer workforce rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regulations of fruit trade for safe consumption are taken seriously in the EU and US markets to protect the health of the consumers, animals, plants and environmental safety, and thereby reduce health expenditures. The fruit safety regulations as trade policy measures could be either trade-promoting or -impeding. The extensiveness and intensiveness of fruit safety regulations in these markets often have consequences for exporters from Africa and their desire to attain sustainable economic development. The effects of fruit safety regulations are heterogeneous across economic agents. To this end, many stakeholders in Africa's food system have perceived compliance with these food regulatory measures as necessary conditions to access the developed countries' markets, particularly in the EU and US. Besides, the competitiveness of Africa's fruit exports has been impacted by the preponderance of the measures despite its comparative advantages in the fruits sub-sector. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the impact of the EU and US sanitary and phytosanitary measures on Africa's fruit exports. The empirical strategy involves the use of an augmented gravity model which explore the disentangling of these impact at the extensive and intensive margins of exports. Given the nature of trade data and specifically for this study, the zero trade flows are considered at both margins of exports for 45 African countries from 1995 to 2017. This study finds that the US market is more trade-impeding to Africa's fruit exports than the EU market. Thus, Africa needs policies tweaking in the fruit value chain quality infrastructure, fruits' quality and standards enforcement, capacity development, continuous update and modernisation of the fruits' safety laws, directives and/or regulations. This will enhance the fruits' quality to propel their access to the transatlantic markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In April 2021, the 5th German REACH Congress took place as a hybrid event with a focus on discussing interlinkages between REACH and the occupational safety and health (OSH) legislation. More than 1000 people from Germany, the EU, and non-EU countries representing all stakeholder groups participated via livestream. Around 10% of the participants provided their opinions on various issues in an online survey. The presentations and discussions, as well as the results of the online survey, show that the stakeholders perceive a positive effect of REACH on the implementation of OSH, in particular via the information made available through the registration and communication in the supply chain, and the restrictions and authorization procedures. The integration of OSH and REACH expertise in the regulatory processes, as well as transparency and clarity about the selection of regulatory instruments to manage workplace risks, were highlighted as areas for potential improvement. Overall, it was concluded that the Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability would further improve the interplay of legislation, which would also benefit the level of safety and health at workplaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) issued an emergency temporary standard (ETS) for COVID-19 applicable to private sector employers with 100 or more employees. Among other things, the ETS required employers either to mandate employee vaccination or weekly testing and wearing masks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Aotearoa New Zealand, we live with the knowledge that a large and devastating earthquake could occur at any time, without warning. When it strikes, we need to know we will be safe in the buildings where we work. This article explores the legal obligations of business owners to be aware of, and understand, the seismic vulnerability of their buildings by examining the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 and the Building Act 2004, and the standards set by both for building safety in an earthquake. Confusingly, there is a different standard to meet under each Act. WorkSafe's resolution of these two standards appears to favour the lower standard in the Building Act 2004 while simultaneously requiring action to meet the higher standard in the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015. It is argued that the higher standard under the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 is the correct standard to be applied. This interpretation ensures the purpose of the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 is achieved and workers and building occupants are afforded the highest level of protection under the law in relation to the safety of their buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the views of human resource professionals (HRPs) and employee representatives on joking behaviours and the potential link to workplace bullying in Australia. Individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 10 HRPs and five employee (union) representatives. Contextual factors stemming from Australian culture and historic characteristics of work in this country are discussed. The findings indicate that the legal framework – specifically, the definition of bullying and related legislation such as health and safety laws and equal employment opportunity legislation – is key for HRPs in establishing whether joking behaviours transgress into bullying. Implications for HRPs including 'boundary' management of joking behaviours are discussed and some ideas for future research are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the importance of OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) in ensuring worker safety and health in various industries, including nursing homes. Topics include the establishment of OSHA and its standards, the role of state plans in enforcing OSHA regulations, and specific OSHA standards relevant to healthcare settings such as the Bloodborne Pathogen standard.

In France, laws require each company to draw up an inventory of the risks that may threaten employees' health in order to prioritize the preventive actions to be implemented. Focusing on chemical risk, databases on hazards or exposures are widely available but they lack information regarding chemical risks resulting from combining the hazards of chemicals with their conditions of use, thus generating exposures. Our objective is to build a matrix of French work situations associated with their chemical risk. Eighty-eight work situations were collected from reports written by professionals from the French public health insurance service. Each work situation is defined by descriptive parameters of the task, the exposure, and the hazard. According to an expert elicitation method (Delphi, n = 21 experts), each work situation was assessed and a chemical risk score defined, taking into account all the descriptive exposure and hazard parameters. Chemical risk scores were expressed as a range of values from 0 to 100, with the size of the range chosen by the experts themselves according to their uncertainty. The experts' assessments were merged to assign one risk score for each work situation, variability, and confidence. The results showed that 50% of the work situations had a risk score between 40 and 60. The average variability and confidence were around 15% and 82%, respectively. This work situation matrix constructed from French data can be used by occupational safety and health managers that have similar work situations in their company (Western European industrial sector). In this context, it may be useful to easily determine the level of risks for similar tasks and prioritize those that are most risky. Moreover, it could be used to compare and define the differences between a risk assessment performed by "expertise" and another defined by a software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Duzce University Journal of Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the employer responsibilities and liabilities in relation to the effects of heat-related climate change and how to mitigate them to provide a safe working environment in the U.S. Other topics include the climate's heat-related effect on the human body, the proposed Asuncion Valdivia Heat Illness and Fatality Prevention Act of 2019 (HIFPA), and the industries where job functions will be affected by climate change like construction, agriculture, and manufacturing.

In the modern developing business world, a significant increase in Health and Safety Practices can be identified. Occupational accidents in factories and working sites make substantial challenges to survive. Hence, this study aims to determine the impact of occupational health and safety practices on the job performance of operational level employees in the construction industry, Sri Lanka. The study was carried out among a sample of 100 operational level employees in selected construction sites in Sri Lanka. The study provided a comprehensive questionnaire to assess the impact of health and safety on the job performance of the operational level employees by using random sampling technique. Secondary data were used from company past data and information, web site, journals, and subject-related books such as company health and safety procedures, health and safety training, and accident records. Data analysis was done by using SPSS. The study found a positive impact of occupational health and safety practices on the job performance of operational level employees in the construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why you should read this article: • To improve your understanding of the causes and risk factors for violent or aggressive patient behaviour • To identify strategies that nurses and healthcare organisations can use to reduce violence and aggression • To count towards revalidation as part of your 35 hours of CPD, or you may wish to write a reflective account (UK readers) • To contribute towards your professional development and local registration renewal requirements (non-UK readers) Half of all reported violent incidents in healthcare settings occur in the emergency department (ED), so ED nurses are disproportionately affected by violence and aggression. Violence and aggression can cause physical injury, psychological harm, delays to patient care, eroded staff morale, increased sick leave and low staff retention. This article explores potential causes and risk factors for violent or aggressive behaviour from patients and visitors in the ED. It discusses risk assessment tools, management approaches and risk reduction strategies that can be used in the ED to tackle violence and aggression. The article also features a case study describing a successful small-scale trial of body-worn cameras at an East London ED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Çalışma ve Toplum is the property of Calisma ve Toplum and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines the legal status of on-demand or 'gig' workers in work health and safety and workers' compensation legislation in Australia -- are they covered by such legislation? The analysis indicates that the relevant provisions do not specifically deal with these kinds of workers, and so their status is unclear. This uncertainty over worker protections is as significant in these areas as it is in employment law, the latter of which has been the subject of more recent academic commentary. By focusing on the practical application of work health and safety and workers' compensation legislation to three well-known on-demand exemplars -- Uber, Deliveroo, and Airtasker -- this article suggests that there is a need for legal clarity which could be delivered by reforms that include the adoption of nationally consistent legislation and other measures aimed at making the law more coherent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the legal frameworks on privacy protection in the workplace through occupational, safety and health (OSH) law. It explores the challenges associated with balancing the right of employees to privacy and the property and managerial power and rights of the employer. The implication of the use of polygraph testing and other employee monitoring methods is described. Also noted is the need to recognize the rights of employees to control electronic monitoring practices.