Search

The strength of American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities comes from generations of Indigenous traditions, language, culture, and knowledge. These strengths have been challenged by a complex set of systemic, structural, and social factors related to historical and intergenerational trauma that affects the health of AI/AN communities. Furthermore, AI/AN population health data often are inaccurate because of analytic coding practices that do not account for multiracial and ethnic AI/AN identification and inadequate because of statistical suppression. The 2023 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey included a supplemental sample of AI/AN high school students. Coding of race and ethnicity was inclusive of all AI/AN students, even if they also identified as another race or as Hispanic or Latino, providing comprehensive data on health behaviors and experiences among AI/AN high school students nationwide. Adult caretaker engagement and school connectedness and their association with 13 health behaviors and experiences were examined, including five types of current substance use, four indicators of emotional well-being and suicide risk, and four types of violence. Pairwise t-tests and adjusted prevalence ratios from logistic regression models identified significant associations between exposure and outcome variables. Among AI/AN students, having an adult who always tried to meet their basic needs, high parental monitoring, and high school connectedness were associated with lower prevalence of certain measures of substance use, poor emotional well-being and suicide risk, and violence. Compared with non-AI/AN students, the prevalence of current electronic vapor product use, current marijuana use, attempted suicide, and experience of sexual violence was higher among AI/AN students. This report presents the most comprehensive, up-to-date data on substance use, indicators of emotional well-being and suicide risk, and experiences with violence among AI/AN high school students nationwide. The findings suggest the importance of engaged household adults and school connectedness in promoting emotional well-being and preventing substance use, suicide-related behavior, and experiences of violence among AI/AN students. Understanding the historical context and incorporating Indigenous knowledge when developing interventions focused on AI/AN youths are critical to ensure such interventions are successful in improving AI/AN health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The given text provides information about the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mammalogists, which will be held at Purdue University in Indiana from June 20 to June 24, 2025. The meeting will feature presentations, speakers, symposia, and workshops on the latest advancements in mammalogy. The ASM also offers various funding programs, awards, and grants to support student and early-career mammalogists. Nominations are open for several awards, including the C. Hart Merriam Award and the Joseph Grinnell Award, which recognize outstanding research and excellence in education in mammalogy. The text also highlights other awards such as the Hartley H. T. Jackson Award, the J. Mary Taylor Award, the Aldo Leopold Award, and the Murie Family Conservation Award, which honor individuals who have made significant contributions to mammal conservation and diversity in mammalogy. The ASM also provides resources such as the Mammal Images Library and the Mammalian Species accounts, as well as support for non-native English-speaking authors through their buddy system. [Extracted from the article]

Little is known about capital punishment in Fiji in the context of indenture. This paper examines cases of condemned Indians who migrated as indentured labourers (girmitiyas). It compiles and analyses statistics and accounts pertaining to crimes of murder and the penalty of execution from 1886 to 1919. When these data are situated within a relevant social, historical, and cultural context, it becomes possible to dispel colonial myths about condemned girmitiyas. My intention is not to condone the act of murder, but to understand how this crime was triggered by interlocking social, cultural, and circumstantial factors. Indian patriarchal ideologies and stereotypes, displacement resulting from the journey across the kala pani (black water), unsatisfactory living conditions, the struggle to maintain a stable family life, exploitation by overseers and sardars, and feuds among Europeans and wealthy Indians are some root causes of homicide and 'wife-murder' during the years of indenture. The article concludes with glimpses of condemned Indian reactions to the sentence of death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In settler colonial societies, settlers employ various practices to eliminate, replace, and erase Indigenous Peoples. We posit that the rarity of representations of contemporary American Indians in mainstream US culture legitimates other settler colonial practices in US society. We studied whether less exposure to representations of contemporary American Indians is associated with less support for challenges to other settler colonial practices. Using survey data from 903 White Americans, we examined associations between exposure to representations of contemporary American Indians, belief that American Indians are "a people of the past", and support for challenges to settler colonial practices. We found that less exposure to representations of contemporary American Indians was indirectly associated with less support for challenges to settler colonial practices. This association occurs via double mediation – first through belief that American Indian Peoples are not contemporary and second through belief they are "a people of the past". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant loss of human lives and a worldwide decline in quality of life. Although our understanding of the pandemic has improved significantly since the beginning, the natural history of COVID-19 and its impacts on under-represented populations, such as Indigenous people from America, remain largely unknown. We performed a retrospective serological survey with two Brazilian Indigenous populations (n=624), Tupiniquim and Guarani-Mbya'. Samples were collected between September 2020 and July 2021: a period comprising the dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 variants and the beginning of COVID-19 vaccination in Brazil. Seroconversions against S and N antigens were assessed using three different commercially available ELISA kits. Samples were also used to assess the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in the same population (n=529). Seroconversion against SARS-CoV-2 antigens was considered positive if at least one of the three ELISA kits detected levels of specific antibodies above the threshold specified by the manufacturer. In this sense, we report 56.0% (n=349/623) of seroconverted individuals. Relative seroconversion peaked after introduction of the Coronavac vaccine in February 2021. Vaccination increased the production of anti-S IgG from 3.9% to 48.6%. Our results also indicated that 11.0% (n=46/417) of all individuals were positive for TB. Seroconversion to SARSCoV-2 was similar between individuals with positive tuberculosis test results to those with negative test results. Most vaccinated individuals seroconverted to SARS-CoV-2, indicating that Coronavac may be as protective in individuals from these indigenous groups as observed in the general Brazilian population. COVIDFrontiers 19 severity was minimal regardless of incomplete vaccine coverage, suggesting that vaccination may not be the only factor protecting individuals from severe COVID-19. Tuberculosis is highly prevalent and not associated with increased seroconversion to SARS-CoV-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease and stroke are common and costly, and their prevalence is rising. Forecasts on the prevalence of risk factors and clinical events are crucial. METHODS: Using the 2015 to March 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and 2015 to 2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, we estimated trends in prevalence for cardiovascular risk factors based on adverse levels of Life's Essential 8 and clinical cardiovascular disease and stroke. We projected through 2050, overall and by age and race and ethnicity, accounting for changes in disease prevalence and demographics. RESULTS: We estimate that among adults, prevalence of hypertension will increase from 51.2% in 2020 to 61.0% in 2050. Diabetes (16.3% to 26.8%) and obesity (43.1% to 60.6%) will increase, whereas hypercholesterolemia will decline (45.8% to 24.0%). The prevalences of poor diet, inadequate physical activity, and smoking are estimated to improve over time, whereas inadequate sleep will worsen. Prevalences of coronary disease (7.8% to 9.2%), heart failure (2.7% to 3.8%), stroke (3.9% to 6.4%), atrial fibrillation (1.7% to 2.4%), and total cardiovascular disease (11.3% to 15.0%) will rise. Clinical CVD will affect 45 million adults, and CVD including hypertension will affect more than 184 million adults by 2050 (>61%). Similar trends are projected in children. Most adverse trends are projected to be worse among people identifying as American Indian/Alaska Native or multiracial, Black, or Hispanic. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of many cardiovascular risk factors and most established diseases will increase over the next 30 years. Clinical and public health interventions are needed to effectively manage, stem, and even reverse these adverse trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflection article that describes the process of institutional adoption of ethno-education in Colombia and addresses different critical positions on its implementation. The general objective is to describe the historical development of ethno-education, its achievements and challenges, its articulation from a decolonial approach and the urgency of the narrative turn from the voices of the actors, as alternatives to achieve total peace from the territories. Method: The qualitative approach was used, with a hermeneutic interpretation method for the analysis and interpretation of the information and the realization of the reflection article, from a critical analysis. Results: The perceptions of scholars and the emerging and counter-hegemonic postulates of the Epistemologies of the South and the decolonial approach that propose other educational alternatives for ethnic minorities in Colombia are addressed. Finally, it is described as an illustrative example of new paradigms and profane referents, such as Sumak Kawsay or Good Living, which is part of the cultural heritage of indigenous peoples in Latin America and has become an object of study of the academy with interesting reflections to overcome the current civilizational crisis. Among the conclusions reached are the following: Ethno-education should be a concerted proposal between the State and the ethno-political organizations of ethnic minorities, with a view to overcoming differences and adopting with a decolonial approach, a proper and multicultural education as an alternative to achieve a stable and lasting peace in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2021, on the election of a new chief -- the youngest ever colonel at the age of 40--relations between the Accompong Maroons and the Jamaican Government soured. Under Chief Richard Currie, who describes himself as a government official and head of state, Accompong asserted sovereignty as the "Sovereign State of Accompong," with Accompong Town as the capital of the Cockpit Country. The Maroons of the State of Accompong identify themselves as "heirs to the 1738 Treaty and Maroon Identification", claiming descent from self-freed formerly enslaved West Africans and indigenous Amerindians. According to Chief Currie, "The earth is the lord and the fullness thereof. Our sovereignty is derived from the freedom of our lands, so whatever we do with our lands is of imperative value to our security as a people". This declaration of sovereignty has led the Jamaican Government to declare that they do not recognise any "state within a state". The Government, therefore, refuses to engage with or fund those communities that they have described as "Secessionist Maroons". This case study situates the contemporary Maroons in the history of Jamaica and their current relationship to the Jamaican state. It explores, in particular, the contending notions of sovereignty which may lay behind the con- flict between the "Sovereign State of Accompong" and the Jamaican State. Key to the conflict is the differences in meanings of the 1738 Treaty made by the "First Time Maroons," who fought the British to a stand-still in the 18th Century, forcing them to come to terms with them. For Maroons today, the Treaty is eternal, while the now-independent Jamaican state sees it as abrogated. Therefore, is a rapprochement possible? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the experiences of Uncle Ed and Aunt Virginia, who lived on the Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation in Northern California. Despite facing challenges, including Uncle Ed's time at a Native American boarding school, they demonstrated values of hard work, perseverance, and dedication to their community. The article sheds light on the harsh conditions and abuse that many Native American children endured in these schools in the United States and Canada. Uncle Ed and Aunt Virginia's story showcases their resilience and commitment to their heritage. The document also features an interview with Celeste Townsend, the former superintendent of Sherman Indian School and current president of California Indian Nations College. Townsend discusses the efforts to establish the first fully accredited Tribal College in California in over 20 years, emphasizing the lack of funding for emerging Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCUs). The interview delves into the history of Indian boarding schools and the mistreatment of Native American children, as well as the importance of teaching this history accurately in schools. Townsend also addresses the preferred terminology for Native Americans and the necessity for non-tribal students to learn about the mistreatment of Native Americans throughout history. The document concludes with an update on the return of tribal lands to the Shasta Indian Nation. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on the need to honor Indigenous language sovereignty by proposing a rebuttable presumption of joint authorship in copyright law for materials documenting Indigenous languages. Topics include the historical treatment of Indigenous people and their languages in the U.S.; the legal landscape of federal Indigenous and copyright law regarding oral traditions; and the implications of current copyright practices that marginalize Indigenous communities.

Food insecurity is a critical issue in the Americas, with severe impacts in the Caribbean, Mesoamerica, and South America, particularly affecting older adults in Indigenous and rural contexts where it intersects with poverty, gender, and ethnicity. This study aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the current research about food insecurity among older Indigenous adults in Latin America and the Caribbean. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, utilizing specific search queries and the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) strategy across multiple databases to identify the pertinent studies. The findings indicate an increase in academic output on this topic since 2018, with significant emphasis on the interplay between climate change and food insecurity. The review highlights the importance of developing targeted food programs, reforming policies, and fostering collaboration between academia and local communities to implement practical interventions. Despite the growing body of literature, a notable research gap persists in rural areas of Latin America and the Caribbean. This study underscores the necessity of balancing the geographic distribution of research and emphasizes the preservation of cultural practices and the adaptation of public policies to support traditional food practices. It advocates for culturally sensitive interventions and interdisciplinary collaboration to formulate comprehensive strategies. The originality and value of this study lie in its focused analysis of older Indigenous adults, contributing crucial insights to the international literature on food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines the claim that J. Hector St. Jean de Crèvecoeur, a French writer in colonial America, was adopted by the Oneida tribe. The author argues that linguistic analysis suggests Crèvecoeur had minimal familiarity with the Oneida people, as his use of Indigenous names does not align with the phonology of the Oneida language. The article also explores the evidence commonly cited in support of the adoption claim, concluding that there is no direct evidence that Crèvecoeur identified himself as an Oneida adoptee. The text raises questions about the accuracy and intentions behind Crèvecoeur's writings, discussing his portrayal of Indigenous peoples and his political leanings during the American Revolution. [Extracted from the article]

The text is an announcement for the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mammalogists, which will take place from June 20 to June 24, 2025, at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana. The meeting will feature presentations, speakers, symposia, workshops, and social events. The ASM also offers various grants, awards, and fellowships to support student and early-career mammalogists. Additionally, the text includes information about the Sponsor Fund, the Mammal Images Library, Mammalian Species accounts, and the buddy system for authors. [Extracted from the article]

The Journal of Mammalogy has announced the upcoming Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mammalogists, which will be held in June 2024 at CU Boulder in Colorado. The meeting will feature presentations, speakers, symposia, and workshops on the latest developments in mammalogy. The ASM offers grants, awards, and fellowships to support students and early-career mammalogists, and also provides a sponsor fund to help international mammalogists become members. The document also includes a list of reported deaths of society members, as well as acknowledgments of donors who have contributed to research and education programs. It further lists the reviewers for the Journal of Mammalogy and Mammalian Species in 2023, as well as the proofers for foreign-language abstracts. [Extracted from the article]

"Eloquence Embodied: Nonverbal Communication among French and Indigenous Peoples in the Americas" by Céline Carayon explores the world of nonverbal communication and its role in French Atlantic encounters with Indigenous peoples from the 15th to 17th centuries. The book argues that communication could be improved through physicality and gestures, challenging narratives that have misunderstood colonial communication events as mere cultural clashes. Carayon examines extant sources to shed light on French concepts of indigeneity and empire, as well as the recovery of Native epistemologies and cultural practices. The book provides a comprehensive analysis of nonverbal communication in the French Atlantic world, focusing primarily on French encounters but also offering insights into Spanish and English experiences. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper we present a categorization of autonomies implemented by indigenous and peasant movements in Latin America into three types: a) juridical versus de facto autonomies; b) explicit versus implicit autonomies; and c) (mono)ethnic versus popular or class-based autonomies. We argue that the debate concerning these different conceptions is of strategic importance both in the dialogue between indigenous and peasant struggles for the defense of territories, and in the question of peasant autonomy, understood as a strategy of struggle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article looks at the (North) American historiography on Spanish America with a particular focus on the fate of the Amerindians from the 1840s to the early 1960s. For over a century, (North) American historians routinely romanticized the Spanish conquest, while also routinely scorning the indigenous population (as well as mestizos and blacks), and embracing the rising pseudo-scientific Anglo-Saxon racism of the day. Down to the 1960s, (North) American historians by and large viewed Amerindians as savages and barbarians, while they interpreted the history of the Spanish conquistadores and their successors in ways that held Western civilization itself up as the main colonial heritage in the Americas (north and south). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In U.S. media, appropriation of American Indian cultures and identities is a recurring topic. Yet, there is no academic research that examines American Indian experiences with and attitudes towards multiple types of this appropriation. We analyzed written responses about appropriation from 362 tribally-enrolled American Indian participants. We found that these participants witness many types of appropriation on a regular basis. While a small percentage expressed support for this appropriation, the vast majority voiced opposition, most commonly because they perceive it as disrespectful, ignorant, and oppressive. Many participants described negative feelings they experience when encountering appropriation, especially anger. Some take action to eliminate appropriation, especially educating others. We situate our findings in the context of settler colonialism, and explain how this appropriation operates as microaggressions, which generate a hostile climate. Lastly, we discuss ways our findings can inform social change and uphold the sovereignty of American Indian tribal nations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the human rights impact of the 2014 Mount Polley mine disaster by considering the experiences of Indigenous Peoples and non-Indigenous rural residents, informed by knowledge of human rights violations by the mining industry in British Columbia and globally. It discusses the framing of the theoretical anticolonial analysis within historian Achille Mbembe's theory of necropolitics. It examines the effects of regulatory capture, the mine-permitting system that favors industry.

Gordon Campbell's book, "Norse America: The Story of a Founding Myth," explores the belief that the Norse were the first Europeans to reach and settle North America. Campbell examines the evidence and arguments put forth to support this idea, highlighting the role of Protestant Europeans in promoting a pre-Columbian Viking America to supplant the importance of Indigenous peoples. He also exposes the fabrication of physical evidence and misinterpretation of texts and remains that have contributed to the myth of a Norse history in America. Campbell's book emphasizes the importance of critical evaluation of evidence and the recognition of Indigenous contributions to the continent. [Extracted from the article]

This article investigates the styles of enquiry involved in Lowland South American Amerindian shamanic and narrative discourse genres. The article argues in favour of the existence of an Amazonian mode of thinking strictly related to formulaic composition, commonly found in different verbal poetic genres and its contemporary transformations into written texts published as books by Amerindian researchers and narrators. Taking into account philosophical and anthropological discussions about speculative thinking, this study aims to revise the role of narrative verbal genres in Amerindian ethnology and its ontological backgrounds, as well as offering an alternative perspective on the contrast between writing and oral traditions. The article is based on translations of songs and testimonies collected among the Marubo of Western Amazonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vitoria’s 1537 lecture On the American Indians asserts moral equality and fundamental rights for all humans but is contradicted by the significant inequalities between Spanish conquistadores and indigenous peoples of Mexico and Peru. Despite recognizing these rights, Vitoria’s vision supports an unequal Euro-American relationship regarding territorial sovereignty, self-defense, self-determination, and religious freedom. His insights have implications for contemporary international law concerning indigenous rights. However, his theological framework limits this potential. To better address indigenous issues today, I advocate reframing Vitoria’s perspective by replacing his natural law-based human-rights essentialism with a naturalistic approach that views human rights as social constructs. This shift can help develop international law to prevent violent interactions and promote equality between indigenous and non-indigenous peoples, reducing reliance on nation states to safeguard indigenous rights. Received: 03 August 2023 Accepted: 18 April 2024

This article is a commemoration of the life and work of Rudolph C. Rÿser, who was born in Elma, Washington in 1946. Rÿser was of Cree/Oneida and German-Swiss descent and grew up in the Cowlitz Indian culture. He dedicated over fifty years to working in Indian Affairs domestically and internationally, advocating for indigenous self-determination. Rÿser was a philosopher, author, educator, musician, and chef, and he made significant contributions to policies and laws affecting American Indians and indigenous peoples worldwide. He passed away leaving behind a legacy of leadership, mentorship, and activism. [Extracted from the article]

"Indigenous Peoples and the Future of Federalism" is a book that explores the reconciliation of settler states' sovereignty with the legal and political orders of Indigenous nations in a just and sustainable way. The book focuses on the Canadian context but draws insights from other settler colonies as well. The authors argue for a renewed relationship between state and Indigenous sovereign authority, grounded in constitutional pluralism. The book examines the constraints of the existing constitutional framework, explores possibilities for reshaping Canadian federalism, and considers the potential role of the judiciary in generating constitutional change. It offers valuable insights into Indigenous-state relations and constitutional pluralism, making it essential reading for those interested in Canadian and comparative constitutionalism and Indigenous rights. [Extracted from the article]

The text announces the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Mammalogists, which will take place from June 7th to June 11th, 2024 at the campus of CU Boulder in Boulder, Colorado. The meeting will feature presentations, speakers, symposia, workshops, and social events. The ASM also offers various grants, awards, fellowships, and honoraria to support student and early-career mammalogists. Additionally, the text mentions the Sponsor Fund, the Mammal Images Library, and the buddy system for authors. The text concludes with a report on the deaths of Thomas J. "Mac" McIntyre, Fred Stangl, and Ralph Eckerlin, who were members of the society. [Extracted from the article]

Pollen is a vector for diversification, fitness-selection, and transmission of plant genetic material. The extent to which the pollen microbiome may contribute to host diversification is largely unknown, because pollen microbiome diversity within a plant species has not been reported, and studies have been limited to conventional short-read 16S rRNA gene sequencing (e.g., V4-MiSeq) which suffers from poor taxonomic resolution. Here we report the pollen microbiomes of 16 primitive and traditional accessions of maize (corn) selected by indigenous peoples across the Americas, along with the modern U.S. inbred B73. The maize pollen microbiome has not previously been reported. The pollen microbiomes were identified using full-length (FL) 16S rRNA gene PacBio SMRT sequencing compared to V4-MiSeq. The Pan-American maize pollen microbiome encompasses 765 taxa spanning 39 genera and 46 species, including known plant growth promoters, insect-obligates, plant pathogens, nitrogen-fixers and biocontrol agents. Eleven genera and 13 species composed the core microbiome. Of 765 taxa, 63% belonged to only four genera: 28% were Pantoea, 15% were Lactococcus, 11% were Pseudomonas, and 10% were Erwinia. Interestingly, of the 215 Pantoea taxa, 180 belonged to a single species, P. ananatis. Surprisingly, the diversity within P. ananatis ranged nearly 10-fold amongst the maize accessions analyzed (those with ≥3 replicates), despite being grown in a common field. The highest diversity within P. ananatis occurred in accessions that originated near the center of diversity of domesticated maize, with reduced diversity associated with the north–south migration of maize. This sub-species diversity was revealed by FL-PacBio but missed by V4-MiSeq. V4-MiSeq also mis-identified some dominant genera captured by FL-PacBio. The study, though limited to a single season and common field, provides initial evidence that pollen microbiomes reflect evolutionary and migratory relationships of their host plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "LUKANKA" is a commemorative edition of the Fourth World Journal dedicated to Dr. Rudolph Carl Rÿser, the founder of the journal. It explores Rÿser's work in understanding and applying indigenous ideas and knowledge. The journal started small but grew over the years, with Rÿser advocating for the rights of Indigenous Peoples and contributing to various fields such as international relations, political science, policy, and governance. The article includes selected works from Rÿser's journal, providing insight into his thinking and the wide range of topics he covered. It commemorates the life and work of Dr. Rÿser, a prominent figure in Fourth World Geopolitics, discussing his approach to conflict resolution, collaboration with Grand Chief George Manuel, contributions to indigenous rights, and work on self-government for tribal communities. The text also highlights Rÿser's dedication to indigenous self-determination, advocacy for environmental protection, and contributions to international policies and laws affecting indigenous peoples. [Extracted from the article]

The text discusses two books, "Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities" by Mahmood Mamdani and "Development, (Dual) Citizenship and its Discontents in Africa: The Political Economy of Belonging to Liberia" by Robtel Neajai Pailey. Mamdani's book explores citizenship and subjectivities in various contexts, while Pailey's book focuses on the political economy of belonging in Liberia. Mamdani examines settler colonialism and race, while Pailey emphasizes development and market forces. Both texts address the issue of citizenship from different perspectives, with Mamdani looking at settler colonialism globally and Pailey examining Liberia's exclusionary black immigrant settler paradigm. The texts highlight the complexities of citizenship and the need to address the legacies of colonialism. [Extracted from the article]

Through the later seventeenth century, Protestant missions in English America were surrounded by controversy. Missionaries working with Amerindians and enslaved Africans were accused of threatening the stability of overseas dominions. Crown officials were alleged to have impeded evangelism, and colluded in a culture of colonial godlessness. In modern scholarship, these conflicts have been located within a context of long-term tension between "religion" and "empire." This article suggests that they were rooted in the transatlantic divisions within English Protestantism, and in political conditions peculiar to the 1660 Restoration. Colonial missions developed competitively and acrimoniously, when the Church of England vied against Protestant rivals in America, and when ecclesiastical policy in England remained unsettled. Battles for converts between Anglicans, Quakers, and Congregationalists stirred disputes over the management of England's multi-confessional dominions. Simultaneously, they raised questions over how a colonizing kingdom could export the reformed religion, when its own confessional environment was severely divided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postings on social media on Twitter (now X), BioAnthropology News (Facebook), and other venues, as well as recent publications in prominent journals, show that primatologists, ecologists, and other researchers are questioning the terms "Old World" and "New World" due to their colonial implications and history. The terms are offensive if they result in erasing Indigenous voices and history, ignoring the fact that Indigenous peoples were in the Americas long before European colonization. Language use is not without context, but alternative terminology is not always obvious and available. In this perspective, we share opinions expressed by an international group of primatologists who considered questions about the use of these terms, whether primatologists should adjust language use, and how to move forward. The diversity of opinions provides insight into how conventional terms used in primatological research and conservation may impact our effectiveness in these domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Observers of North American Indigenous life and scholarship still struggle to understand Indigenous ideas and how they are politically relevant, especially regarding the relationship between humans and nonhuman nature. Even when Indigenous claims are warmly received, scholars gloss over how these accounts understand nature to be politically relevant. By looking to a range of contemporary Native American thinkers, I argue they indeed have a coherent account of the natural world differing from dominant modern Western philosophy. In four parts, I argue Indigenous thought rejects the idea that morality is solely a product of human relationships, Indigenous thinkers do not accept the is/ought distinction pervasive in modern Western philosophy, Indigenous thinkers insist meaning can be located in the existence of specific beings that in themselves constitute wholes with identifiable purposes, and the concept of "relationality" means that one of the political community's roles is to build relationships with the nonhuman world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the observation that the Anthropocene narrative signifies a departure from the Cartesian nature/culture division dominant within modernist science, this article explores notions of personhood and agency among Amerindian peoples in the Amazon, the Andes, and Mesoamerica in comparison to the corresponding notions in modernist discourses. We discuss the differences in conceptualizations in relation to diverging understandings of climate change and the Anthropocene, focusing on perspectives on agentivity both within our respective ethnographical fields and in modernist social sciences. This leads us to stress the significance of new materialists' disregard for intentionality in relation to agency and the consequences this neglect has for understanding animist perspectives. We examine the different views in relation to their effects on morality and to perceived forms of accountability. In accordance, the modernist 'global we', prominent in the Anthropocene debate stressing the role of humanity as a species, is contrasted with what we call a 'universal we', which includes both human and other‐than‐human persons, in conformance with Amerindian animist perspectives on the world. This approach to the issue does not only mean that we challenge the obvious iniquity in blaming all of humanity for climate change but also that we point to the coloniality of reality implicit in the Anthropocene narrative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Direito e Práxis is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecología Política is the property of Fundacio ENT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This special double issue of the Journal of Poverty focuses on documenting the 21st-century consequences of the coloniality of power as it relates to, for example, extractivist and tourist industries, cultural, linguistic, and land dispossession, forced displacement and migration, climate, water and food injustice, cognitive injustice, and the environmental destruction of Afrodescendent and indigenous communities in the Americas. The contributors also describe in their analysis and discussion the various forms of resistance by these communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1823, towards the end of Latin America's independence wars, U.S. President James Monroe famously told Europe to stop messing around in the Americas. Monroe's message effectively adjusted earlier U.S. precedents to fit the Americas' postrevolutionary geopolitics, as American republics replaced European colonies as the hemisphere's primary engines of dispossession.[40] In locating the United States within a hemispheric settler colonial context, Monroe and Adams were not alone. Despite the differences between U.S. and Latin American models, I too find it productive to call Latin America "settler colonial" in this essay, as the term highlights the fact that Latin America and the United States alike claimed and sought to expand onto Indigenous land; still more importantly, Monroe and his contemporaries recognized this similarity and crafted a foreign policy around it. 18 For Indigenous nations' importance to American foreign relations more broadly, see Brian DeLay, I War of a Thousand Deserts: Indian Raids and the U.S.-Mexican War i (New Haven, CT, 2008); DeLay, "Independent Indians and the U.S.-Mexican War", 39-40, 67-68; DeLay, "Foreign Relations between Indigenous Polities, 1820-1900", in I Cambridge History of America and the World i , vol. [Extracted from the article]

She was a consummate mammalogist and deeply committed to both the ASM and to her graduate and undergraduate students. NOMINATIONS FOR THE J. MARY TAYLOR AWARD The B J. Mary Taylor Award b was developed collaboratively by the Human Diversity Committee and the ASM Office of the Ombudspersons, and honors our first female president, Dr. J. Mary Taylor (1931-2019; ASM President 1982-1984). B Honoraria b are awarded to four graduate students ($2,000) and two undergraduate students ($1,200) to present the results of their research at ASM meetings. In addition to the above, the ASM offers B Travel Awards b to both students and early career professionals to aid in attending ASM meetings. [Extracted from the article]

Chief Topinabee was born around 1758 in his father's village on the Saint Joseph River, in what is now southwest Michigan. He probably died on 29 July 1826 near present-day Niles, Michigan. A complicated leader of his village, he may have fought at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, certainly was a signatory to the Treaty of Greenville the next year, appears to have become an ally of Tecumseh and his intertribal confederacy at Prophetstown, may have been a participant in the Battle of Fort Dearborn in 1812, and served as a leader of strategic resistance to settler domination. The usual narrative is that Topinabee was a great warrior and leader of his people who in the last years of his life degenerated into a hapless drunkard and accommodationist. But is that a fair depiction of him? This essay is a celebration of ethnohistory and the paths it has cleared for the use of nontraditional sources of information. The article is based largely on access to a family archive that provides a counternarrative to the usual biography of Topinabee and allows for a fuller understanding of him as a leader and a person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author shares Cora Winona Faribault and her family's experiences of being incarcerated at Canton Asylum for Insane Indians through the historical sources and family memories shared by their descendant Faith O'Neil. Topics include the opening of the facility in South Dakota in 1902, the detention of Faribault's grandmother at the facility since 1915 and was forced to work there for years, and a discussion of the transinstitutionalization practice as reflected in Faribault's experiences.

Around the same time, the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) issued a series of recommendations regarding the rights of Maroons and Indigenous peoples, including the need for the state to recognize their collective rights to their traditional territories. Indeed, in 2023, Suriname still retains the shameful distinction of being, as the Forest Peoples Programme put it back in 1998, "the only state in the western hemisphere in which Indigenous Peoples and Maroons live that does not in some way legally recognize their rights to own their ancestral territories." Maroons and Indigenous Peoples versus the State in Suriname: Since independence, extractive industries and government corruption have threatened traditional territories and autonomy. The official restoration of peace in 1992 came at a price, as the Maroons were forced into signing a treaty giving up their rights to land, minerals, and other natural resources - all of which are now claimed unambiguously by the Suriname state. [Extracted from the article]

This article explores the marginalization and erasure of Native peoples in various contexts, including anthropology, popular culture, and academia. It highlights the lack of representation and recognition of Native peoples in institutions like MIT and the MacArthur Foundation, arguing that they are often reduced to stereotypes and tokenism. The article also examines the historical and ongoing exploitation of Native communities by institutions like MIT and Harvard University, specifically discussing the use of Native bodies from the Peabody Museum for research and teaching purposes. It criticizes the work of genetic scientist David Reich for using Native and Indigenous bodies for genetic analysis without considering the perspectives and expertise of Native geneticists. The text also discusses racial biases and problems within artificial intelligence and computer programming, particularly in relation to Native peoples. It mentions the appointment of four editors by the journal Nature to address issues of race and science, who aim to decolonize research and promote restorative justice and reconciliation. The author questions the inclusion of non-Native scholars and activists in speaking for Native peoples and suggests that Native peoples should be given positions of authority in scientific and technological fields. The text references other sources that discuss biased technology, the history of scientific racism, and the impact of race on face recognition software. [Extracted from the article]