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Islamism is a subject that continues to receive scholars’ attention. However, by referring to previous studies, the subject of Islamism has been discussed loosely due to, first, the lack of a consensus on the concept of Islamism among scholars, and second, the question of the identity of Islamism not being thoroughly explored. Thus, this paper aims to fill these gaps by focusing the discussion on the concept, idea, and framework of Islamism identity. Based on previous studies on Islamism, this paper presents its perspective on Islamism by examining these three aspects. Conceptually, Islamism is a form of manifestation of human endeavor invented by conscious Muslims to ensure that Islam can fully play a role in all aspects of life. As an idea, Islamism comprises principles and programs that encompass ideological and practical aspects, respectively. The idea of Islamism has undergone development that subsequently affected the formation of criteria for the identification of Islamist entities (whether conservative or reformist) as well as post-Islamist and nonIslamist entities. This paper may contribute to the literature by presenting a new perspective on the concept and the framework of Islamism identity that can serve as a basis for discussion in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During Trump’s administration, the United States has introduced a peace plan in the Middle East known as the “Deal of the Century” (DOTC). The DOTC was a plan to propose a “solution” for the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The plan has invited criticisms following Trump’s administration which recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and moved the US embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. What was the content of the peace plan and how will it be implemented? Why such a decision has been taken by Trump? Will Joe Biden, who is now replacing Trump as the US President, continue with the DOTC plan? To answer these questions, this paper aims to examine the content of the deal and analyze its impacts on the Israeli-Palestinian peace process and stability in the Middle East region. To achieve this objective, critical content analysis has been made on the DOTC peace plan as well as existing reports and studies related to DOTC. Basically, the content of the DOTC peace plan gave more advantage to Israel, which indicates the US’ pro-Israel attitude. The deal will further complicate the peace process between Israel and Palestine because it only benefits one side. In addition, the DOTC also has the potential to cause a remapping process of the Middle East and invite the involvement of regional powers. This paper argues DOTC as a failed project because it was unable to attract the stakeholders to the negotiation. The deal is expected not to be continued by Biden who is likely to come up with his own peace plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The suppression towardsIslamic movements in Turkey contributed to the emergence of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan with the innovation of Islamic political movement through AKP. This study discusses on the development of Islamization in Turkey during Erdoğan era between years 2002-2010 by focusing on some selected approaches, efforts that have be made and encountered challenges. This study was conducted by library research method and historiographical method through content analysis approach towards related sources. This study found that Erdoğan chose conservative-democratization as the main approach in doing Islamization process. For the 2002-2010 phase, Erdoğan and AKP Islamization effortswere focused on lifting headscarf ban, empowered Islamic-based educations, boosted the quality of religious institution as well as controlled the widely sale of alcoholic beverages. In doing Islamization process, Erdoğan had to face resistance from the military as a guardian of secularism. The stiff challenges from pro-secular camp made Erdoğan to compromise in doing Islamization process. This study also argued that AKP as an Islamic political movement entity with its own discourse. Historical development and social reality in Turkey made AKP as a unique and relevant Islamic political movement entity for Turkish context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]