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Food distribution and abundance can affect intra- and inter-dietary variation in non-human primates, influencing feeding ecology and altering behaviour. Natural and/or human-induced actions can influence the dynamics between primates and the environment, with associated impacts on socio-ecology and demography. This relationship in anthropogenic landscapes, however, is poorly understood. Here, we use DNA metabarcoding to obtain high resolution dietary diversity data, and multivariate generalised linear models to investigate variation in the diet of this threatened primate. We characterise the diet of the western red colobus (Piliocolobus badius) in both the better preserved Gola Rainforest National Park (GRNP, Sierra Leone), and in the fragmented forests of Cantanhez National Park (CNP, Guinea-Bissau), and evaluate biological, ecological and temporal differences. Dietary plant species richness was high in both protected areas, and the type of plants consumed varied significantly across seasons, space, and time. Although we identify dependence on a few key plants, red colobus in CNP consumed a higher average number of plant taxa than in GRNP, and 11% of the diet consisted of cultivated foods (e.g. mango). This is the first time a molecular approach has been used to investigate red colobus diet, and reveal dietary flexibility in degraded forests. Predicting the consequences of dietary change on long-term population persistence, however, remains a significant knowledge gap. Nevertheless, our results provide critical information to inform targeted regional conservation planning and implementation.

The introduction and establishment of non-native fish species is a widespread phenomenon in freshwater ecosystems, including small and shallow lakes. However, these ecosystems are often not considered in conservation and ecological studies and a few information is available on their fish communities and the impacts of biological invasions. Here, standardized fish surveys (gillnetting and electrofishing) and stable isotopes analysis (SIA) of carbon and nitrogen (δ13C and δ15N) were combined to assess fish community composition, trophic structure and trophic diversity, and to characterize the interspecific trophic interactions (as isotopic niches and their relative asymmetric overlap) of the native and non-native species (NS and NNS, respectively) found in two protected small and shallow lakes, San Michele and Campagna (northern Italy). In San Michele, 92% of the fish caught were NNS and both the individual and biomass per unit effort were dominated by NNS, particularly by the invasive Lepomis gibbosus L. and Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818). In Campagna, 5.6% of the fish in the total catches belonged to NNS and the numeric and biomass abundances of the assemblage were dominated by the NS Alburnus alborella (Bonaparte, 1841). SIA revealed that NNS had greater trophic structure and were exploiting a wider range of resources (as per Layman metrics) and had a higher asymmetric overlap than NS assemblages in both lakes. This was also evident when species-specific isotopic ecology was considered, underlining that, in both lakes, NNS (particularly the NNS Ameiurus melas (Rafinesque, 1820)) may have a competitive advantage over NS in case of limiting resources. The results thus pointed to a worrying conservation status of these lakes that may mirror the condition of other Italian shallow and small lakes highlighting the need to implement management actions to preserve these valuable ecosystems.

Hans Jonas: Ethics and Theology in the thought “after Auschwitz” Hans Jonas radically transformed the question of theodicy into the question of the justification of man, rejecting the notion of God's power in history. Starting from a speculative myth, he unfolded a process of theogony and cosmology for which God, in the course of evolution, withdraws completely back into himself, relinquishes his own omnipotence, and makes the world subject to human responsibility alone. However, Jonas does not wants to present an alternative (metaphysical or theological) schema about God, nor attempts to make sense of the events of the Shoah. He just wants to better understand the meaning of a God known as “omnipotent” but who cannot avoid the acid test of ethical demands, which challenges us not to seek comfort in ourselves, but to live in hope (and responsibility) for others.

We are concerned with the radial solutions of the Dirichlet problem $-\Delta u=K(|x|)f(u)$ on the exterior of the ball of radius $R>0$ centered at the origin in $\mathbb{R}^N \text{ with } N\geq 3$ where $f$ is superlinear at $\infty$ and has a singularity at $0$ with $f(u) \sim \frac{1}{|u|^{q-1}u} \text{ and } 02(N-1)$ then there exist two infinite families of sign-changing radial solutions.

We studied the compositional written skills and spelling competence of individuals with a severe hearing impairment, examining qualitative and quantitative characteristics of their texts, the psycholinguistic variables modulating their productions, and writing errors following a fine-grained analysis. Sixteen deaf young adults, educated in bilingual settings, were examined and compared to a group of control hearing subjects matched for gender, age, and education. Writing skills were examined through both written composition and written picture-naming tasks. Concerning compositional skills, deaf participants produced shorter and less informative texts, with fewer adjectives and subordinates, and were qualitatively worse with respect to texts produced by hearing controls. Words produced by deaf participants were those acquired earlier and facilitated by a higher lexical neighbourhood. Errors were mainly semantic, morphological, and syntactic errors, reflecting general linguistic weakness. Spelling errors were few, with phonologically nonplausible misspellings relative to controls, and with phonologically plausible ones being quite rare. In the picture-naming task, deaf people had a greater number of all types of errors with respect to their text, including semantic and morphological errors. Their spelling performance featured mainly phonologically nonplausible misspellings, while phonologically plausible ones were relatively few and comparable to controls. Overall, the writing of deaf adults reveal limitations in grammar and lexical-sematic linguistic competence. This was associated with spelling deficits characterized mainly by the poorer use of phonological sublexical spelling procedures. However, in an ecologic context, their spelling deficits appear not so important as has been claimed in the literature.

State-of-the-art topological devices require the use of topologically protected surface states to drive electronic transport. In this paper, we examine a tunable topological system, Ge(BixSb1-x)2Te4, for a range of x values from 0 to 1, using a combination of Fourier transform scanning tunneling spectroscopy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Our results show that the Dirac point shifts linearly with x, crossing the Fermi energy near x=0.7. This observation of a smoothly tunable, isolated Dirac point crossing through the topological transport regime and having strong linear dependence with substitution can be critical for future topological spintronics applications.

This paper reports on a research project in Responsible Tourism (Prayag, Hosany, & Odeh, 2013) carried out at the University of Salento in collaboration with the local administrations of some seaside resorts in Southern Italy affected by migrants' massive arrivals. This project, which involves tourists, migrants, university students in intercultural mediation and local communities, applies a model of Experiential-Linguistics (Lakoff & Johnson, 1999) to a multimodal Ethnopoetic analysis (Hymes, 2003; Kress, 2009) of (a) non-Western migrants' traumatic accounts of journeys across the sea, reported in their own ELF variations (Guido, 2008, 2018), (b) Western epic narratives of Mediterranean dramatic voyages rendered from Ancient Greek and Latin into modern ELF variations, and (c) multimodal representations of the ethnopoetic rhythms of such ancient and modern sea-journey narratives through the production of a promotional video. The aim is to highlight the experiential common roots shared by classical-epic and contemporary migration narratives. Three main research phases will be explored, which are characterised by pedagogical activities meant to foster an active, multicultural community integration, as well as a view of tourism as an inclusive social experience.

Over the past few decades, the world has witnessed considerable progress in women's, children's and adolescents' health (WCAH) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Yet deep inequities remain between and within countries. This scoping review aims to map financing interventions and measures to improve equity in WCAH in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This scoping review was conducted following Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidance for conducting such reviews as well as the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) for reporting scoping reviews. We searched Medline, PubMed, EMBASE and the World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Index Medicus, and relevant websites. The selection process was conducted in duplicate and independently. Out of 26 355 citations identified from electronic databases, relevant website searches and stakeholders' consultations, 413 studies were included in the final review. Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) (22.3%), health insurance (21.4%), user fee exemptions (18.1%) and vouchers (16.9%) were the most reported financial interventions and measures. The majority were targeted at women (57%) and children (21%) with others targeting adolescents (2.7%) and newborns (0.7%). The findings highlighted that CCTs, voucher programs and various insurance schemes can improve the utilization of maternal and child health services for the poor and the disadvantaged, and improve mortality and morbidity rates. However, multiple implementation challenges impact the effectiveness of these programmes. Some studies suggested that financial interventions alone would not be sufficient to achieve equity in health coverage among those of a lower income and those residing in remote regions. This review provides evidence on financing interventions to address the health needs of the most vulnerable communities. It can be used to inform the design of equitable health financing policies and health system reform efforts that are essential to moving towards universal health coverage (UHC). By also unveiling the knowledge gaps, it can be used to inform future research on financing interventions and measures to improve equity when addressing WCAH in LMICs.