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Mobile technologies are evident in all sectors, and this is also a reality in tourism. Tourists are increasingly using their smartphones for different functions and purposes, from planning trips to browsing destinations. Mobile technology is also an ally in outdoor activities. Thus, this study sought to understand, through a systematic review, how mobile technologies are being approached in outdoor tourism literature. The analysis was conducted with twenty-four articles indexed in the Web of Science and published in the last five years (2018–2022). The first finding is the small number of specific articles on outdoor tourism, even when adding the terms nature-based or adventure tourism. The main reasons why outdoor tourists use mobile technology during their activities are communication, navigation, feeling safe, boredom relief, and taking photos Thus, there is a need for more research to better understand the benefits and risks of the use of mobile technology in outdoor activities and most of the analysed articles presented a quantitative approach. This project is being carried out within the scope of the TURNOUT Project Development of Outdoor Tourism of Northern Portugal, POCI-01-0145-ERDF-032289, financed by the European Investment Fund Regional Development (FEDER) through the Operational Program of Competitiveness and Innovation (POCI) and the Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P. (OE). UNIAG, R&D unit funded by the FCT—Portuguese Foundation for the Development of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education; “Project Code Reference: UIDB/04752/2020”. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The growing demand for natural areas and outdoor activities in the last decade, even more noticeable in the COVID19 worldwide pandemic situation, has led to the intensification and diversification of nature-based tourism supply in many regions, including the provision of adventure recreation activities, such as canyoning. However, and despite the increasing interest of companies, destinations, and academia in this specific type of activity, there is limited information on resources, practice conditions, and assessments based on specific, objective criteria. This information is critical for a more competitive development and positioning of regions for this activity, and to meet tourists? increasingly demanding expectations. Therefore, this paper aims at building upon the identified research gap, by characterizing and evaluating the existing conditions for canyoning activity in the North Region of Portugal, This evaluation of twenty-seven canyoning spots. was done based on an assessment matrix, comprised of specific criteria, grounded on the literature review and semi-structured interviews with companies? owners/managers and experts. The study concludes that the activity is evolving in the region and there is still potential for development, due to morphological, favourable conditions. Moreover, the region offers different spots, often inserted in protected areas, with unique landscapes and natural diversity, which is attractive for tourism. The presentation of an assessment matrix (that allows the characterization and evaluation of canyoning spots on a systematic approach in different geographic contexts) makes this study a contribution to the literature on nature-based, adventure tourism and recreation activities. 8014-1B5A-933A | Goretti Silva N/A

This article aims to explain how communication affects the individual, both organizationally and clinically. We begin by defining what are the inherent aspects of communication, the different types of communication, and how they have different outcomes in social relationships. Then we explain the importance of communication and the right type of communication in the organizational and clinical environment, demonstrating a specific burnout situation where communication failure has disrupted and damaged people’s lives in the organizational context and also how communication, or assertive communication, has an impact on marital relations. This makes it urgent to become aware that we must open ourselves to COMMUNICATION.

This article aims to explain how communication affects the individual, both organizationally and clinically. We begin by defining what are the inherent aspects of communication, the different types of communication, and how they have different outcomes in social relationships. Then we explain the importance of communication and the right type of communication in the organizational and clinical environment, demonstrating a specific burnout situation where communication failure has disrupted and damaged people’s lives in the organizational context and also how communication, or assertive communication, has an impact on marital relations. This makes it urgent to become aware that we must open ourselves to COMMUNICATION.

Cultural tourism, through the participation in events, allows visitors to get knowledge of cultural elements, emerge in varied cultures, and experience different activities. Cultural events have become an object of study in tourism due to their economic impacts, along with the opportunity to preserve local traditions and to promote the destination itself. Visitors? experiences depend not only on the existing activities and cultural elements, but also on the interaction of different groups of visitors with the local players. Thus, and based on four semi-structured interviews and on a focus group to the organization of the festivities, to the promotion of the town, local business, residents, this study analyzes the perceived effects of the festivities of the Romaria de Nossa Senhora d?Agonia to the town of Viana do Castelo, particularly on the local community and on tourism. The results indicate the unanimous perception of the importance and positive impacts of the festivity. The implications and suggestions for future work will also be presented. 691D-6753-BE59 | Manuel Jos? Serra da Fonseca info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Previous research has documented perceptual and brain differences between spontaneous and volitional emotional vocalizations. However, the time course of emotional authenticity processing remains unclear. We used event-related potentials (ERPs) to address this question, and we focused on the processing of laughter and crying. We additionally tested whether the neural encoding of authenticity is influenced by attention, by manipulating task focus (authenticity versus emotional category) and visual condition (with versus without visual deprivation). ERPs were recorded from 43 participants while they listened to vocalizations and evaluated their authenticity (volitional versus spontaneous) or emotional meaning (sad versus amused). Twenty-two of the participants were blindfolded and tested in a dark room, and 21 were tested in standard visual conditions. As compared to volitional vocalizations, spontaneous ones were associated with reduced N1 amplitude in the case of laughter, and increased P2 in the case of crying. At later cognitive processing stages, more positive amplitudes were observed for spontaneous (versus volitional) laughs and cries (1000–1400 msec), with earlier effects for laughs (700–1000 msec). Visual condition affected brain responses to emotional authenticity at early (P2 range) and late processing stages (middle and late LPP ranges). Task focus did not influence neural responses to authenticity. Our findings suggest that authenticity information is encoded early and automatically during vocal emotional processing. They also point to a potentially faster encoding of authenticity in laughter compared to crying. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Increasing awareness of the relevance of natural resources for the practice of outdoor leisure and recreation purposes has contributed to the increasing attention upon the assessment and monitoring of the quality of sports spots. As such, evaluating the existing natural conditions and leisure-related infrastructures is crucial, helping public and private stakeholders in decision-making processes. This chapter aims at examining the conditions for surf tourism in the north of Portugal, enabling the monitoring and positioning as an international flagship destination for surf practitioners. This is done through a mixed-methods approach comprising the demand and supply perspectives and supported by an assessment tool developed to evaluate the conditions for the practice of surfing activities within a framework of sustainable tourism development. The relevance of assessing the potential and monitoring of the existing conditions for sport and outdoor activities, namely surf tourism, according to a defined set of attributes, is also discussed. 8014-1B5A-933A | Goretti Silva N/A

In recent years, there has been a growth in the travel of people with disabilities (PwD), which has led to an increase in demand for an accessible environment (infrastructure, transport, and services), and, thus, a growing recognition of the value of the accessible tourism segment. This study aims to explore the accessibility of the supply structures in a tourist destination through the analysis of the first European Adaptive Surfing Championship, held in the city of Viana do Castelo, in littoral northwest of Portugal. This study adopted a case-study approach by combining exploratory semi-structured interviews, direct observation (employing visual methods?photography), and face-to-face questionnaires applied to adaptive surf athletes. The case-study results showed that despite the efforts implemented by the adaptive event organizers, some constraints remained in the supply structures of the hosting seaside destination of Viana do Caste-lo. Particularly built infrastructures displayed some physical accessibility barriers in the parking lots and the absence of automatic and lifting equipments. By inquiring adaptive surf athletes and their technical teams, and despite overall satisfaction with the event, attributes such as walkways and information in accessible format were predominantly less satisfactory. The study presents managerial implications for the improvement of accessible nautical tourism destinations. 8014-1B5A-933A | Goretti Silva N/A

Atendendo à sua génese e evolução, o turismo criativo é considerado uma evolução do turismo cultural, mais apto a dar resposta, não só às necessidades dos atuais visitantes, que procuram experiências mais ativas e com maior grau de envolvimento, como também à necessidade dos destinos de se diferenciarem e assegurarem a competitividade da sua oferta. Embora o turismo criativo tenha vindo a receber uma atenção crescente por parte do meio académico, em muito devido ao seu posicionamento privilegiado enquanto estratégia de desenvolvimento turístico, os estudos focam, fundamentalmente, a perspetiva da oferta Importa, neste sentido, desenvolver estudos que explorem as perceções dos consumidores relativamente à disponibilidade, relevância e qualidade de experiências criativas dos destinos, uma vez que estas são frequentemente identificadas enquanto importantes indutores de valor nos produtos turísticos. Face ao exposto, o objetivo do presente estudo exploratório é compreender simultaneamente as perceções dos visitantes e dos principais agentes turísticos. O enquadramento geográfico do presente estudo é Guimarães, destino de turismo cultural situado no Norte de Portugal, classificado pela UNESCO como Património Mundial. As preceções dos visitantes foram analisadas tendo como base um questionário autoadministrado e, no caso das empresas turísticas, nomeadamente hotéis, restaurantes e empresas de animação turística, uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os resultados do presente estudo visam retirar conclusões relativamente ao desenvolvimento e promoção de experiências criativas e duradouras. Atendendo à bibliografia existente relativa à perspetiva da procura, especificamente em destinos com as características de Guimarães, este estudo visa ser um contributo para a bibliografia sobre turismo criativo.

Num contexto em que a constante procura por novas experiências turísticas contribui para o aparecimento de novas ofertas, os turistas procuram o “mundo rural” à procura de experiências diferentes e memoráveis. As motivações e comportamentos dos turistas têm vindo a alterar-se ao longo dos anos e atualmente, as expetativas são, cada vez mais, maiores e diversificadas, com destaque para a procura de experiências relacionadas com a Natureza, Cultura e Património. É neste contexto que as áreas rurais se destacam, dadas as oportunidades para que os turistas contatem com a Natureza e com as Tradições das comunidades locais, em particular, com as tradições gastronómicas. A relação entre os produtos locais, a gastronomia e turismo constitui uma simbiose perfeita em áreas rurais, considerando o seu potencial para o desenvolvimento de diferentes atividades e experiências, como é o caso do azeite e do olivoturismo. Tendo por base a revisão da bibliografia e a análise de conteúdo de websites e de redes sociais (de atividades de olivoturismo), este estudo tem como principal objetivo analisar o potencial do azeite para o desenvolvimento de experiências turísticas criativas e para o desenvolvimento turístico sustentável de áreas rurais. O contexto geográfico deste estudo é o norte de Portugal. Nesta região, a produção do do azeite é, particularmente, importante em termos, económicos e sociais, e o turismo tem captado um crescente interesse e procura turística, o que constitui uma clara oportunidade para o desenvolvimento de novas experiências turísticas.

Resumen La ventilacion mecanica en cirugia toracica ha sufrido cambios significativos en los ultimos anos debido a la implantacion de la ventilacion protectora. Esta revision analizara las estrategias ventilatorias recientes en la ventilacion unipulmonar. Se realizo una busqueda en MEDLINE utilizando el termino MeSH «One-Lung Ventilation», incluyendo ensayos clinicos aleatorios, metaanalisis, revisiones y revisiones sistematicas publicadas en los ultimos 6 anos. La busqueda se realizo el 21 de marzo de 2017. Inicialmente se encontraron un total de 75 articulos. Despues de la revision del titulo y resumen se incluyeron 14 articulos. La ventilacion protectora no es simplemente sinonimo de ventilacion de bajo volumen tidal, sino que tambien incluye el uso rutinario de PEEP y la maniobra de reclutamiento alveolar. Las nuevas tecnicas siguen discutiendose, a saber: ajuste de PEEP, ratio inspiracion:espiracion, tipo ideal de anestesia durante ventilacion unipulmonar y ventilacion hipercapnica

African tick bite fever is caused by the intracellular bacteria Rickettsia africae. This bacterium is transmitted through the bite of the Amblyomma tick, which carries a high rate of R. africae infection. African tick bite fever is the second most frequent cause of fever in travelers returning from sub-Saharan Africa.We present the case of a 58-year-old man, returning from South Africa, with a three-day history of fever, generalized headache and cervical myalgia. On physical examination multiple inoculation eschars and tender inguinal lymph nodes were documented.Histological examination of a skin lesion was compatible with spotted fever and the diagnosis of R. africae infection was confirmed through polymerase chain reaction analysis.The global increase in international tourism, particularly to remote areas, predisposes to tick bites. In febrile tourists returning from endemic areas and after a thorough clinical examination, the diagnosis of African tick bite fever should be born in mind.

Background A lack of agreement on definitions and terminology used for nutrition-related concepts and procedures limits the development of clinical nutrition practice and research. Objective This initiative aimed to reach a consensus for terminology for core nutritional concepts and procedures. Methods The European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) appointed a consensus group of clinical scientists to perform a modified Delphi process that encompassed e-mail communication, face-to-face meetings, in-group ballots and an electronic ESPEN membership Delphi round. Results Five key areas related to clinical nutrition were identified: concepts; procedures; organisation; delivery; and products. One core concept of clinical nutrition is malnutrition/undernutrition, which includes disease-related malnutrition (DRM) with (eq. cachexia) and without inflammation, and malnutrition/undernutrition without disease, e.g. hunger-related malnutrition. Over-nutrition (overweight and obesity) is another core concept. Sarcopenia and frailty were agreed to be separate conditions often associated with malnutrition. Examples of nutritional procedures identified include screening for subjects at nutritional risk followed by a complete nutritional assessment. Hospital and care facility catering are the basic organizational forms for providing nutrition. Oral nutritional supplementation is the preferred way of nutrition therapy but if inadequate then other forms of medical nutrition therapy, i.e. enteral tube feeding and parenteral (intravenous) nutrition, becomes the major way of nutrient delivery. Conclusion An agreement of basic nutritional terminology to be used in clinical practice, research, and the ESPEN guideline developments has been established. This terminology consensus may help to support future global consensus efforts and updates of classification systems such as the International Classification of Disease (ICD). The continuous growth of knowledge in all areas addressed in this statement will provide the foundation for future revisions.

The manganes(III) complex functionalised with 2,3-dihydropyridazine has been encapsulated in the supercages of the NaY zeolite using two different procedures, flexible ligand and in situ complex. The parent zeolite and the encapsulated manganese(III) complexes were screened as catalysts for styrene oxidation by using t-BOOH as the oxygen source in acetonitrile. Under the optimized conditions, the catalysts exhibited moderate activity with high selectivity to benzaldehyde, IKB thanks to Foundation for the Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal), for the contract under 'Programa Ciencia 2007 and for the contract under the project "n-STeP - Nanostructured systems for Tail" (NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000039, supported by Norte (ON.2). FCT and FEDER (European Fund for Regional Development)-COMPETE-QREN-EU for financial support to the Research Centres, CQ/UM [PEst-C/QUI/UI0686/2013 (F-COMP-01-0124-FEDER-037302). This work is funded also by FEDER funds through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness Factors - COMPETE and by National Funds through FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology under the grant PEST-C/EQB/LA0006/2013/37285., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The grand challenges of contemporary fundamental physics-dark matter, dark energy, vacuum energy, inflation and early universe cosmology, singularities and the hierarchy problem-all involve gravity as a key component. And of all gravitational phenomena, black holes stand out in their elegant simplicity, while harbouring some of the most remarkable predictions of General Relativity: event horizons, singularities and ergoregions. The hitherto invisible landscape of the gravitational Universe is being unveiled before our eyes: the historical direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration marks the dawn of a new era of scientific exploration. Gravitational-wave astronomy will allow us to test models of black hole formation, growth and evolution, as well as models of gravitational-wave generation and propagation. It will provide evidence for event horizons and ergoregions, test the theory of General Relativity itself, and may reveal the existence of new fundamental fields. The synthesis of these results has the potential to radically reshape our understanding of the cosmos and of the laws of Nature. The purpose of this work is to present a concise, yet comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the relevant fields of research, summarize important open problems, and lay out a roadmap for future progress. This write-up is an initiative taken within the framework of the European Action on 'Black holes, Gravitational waves and Fundamental Physics'. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Introdução: A leucemia de grandes linfócitos granulares (LGL) de células T é uma doença linfoproliferativa rara. Esta envolve frequentemente a expansão de células CD8+, podendo levar a citopenias e correlacionar-se com distúrbios autoimunes. Outra forma, a leucemia LGL-CD4+, apresenta um comportamento mais indolente, mas pode associar-se a outras neoplasias. Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo e descritivo dos 14 doentes diagnosticados com leucemia LGL de células T no nosso centro entre 2002 e 2016, avaliando: género/idade; apresentação clínica; imunofenotipagem; frequência de citopenias; neoplasias coexistentes; doenças autoimunes e relação temporal entre diagnósticos; tratamento imunossupressor e seu resultado. Resultados: Três doentes tinham leucemia LGL-CD4+ e onze tinham leucemia LGL-CD8+. Nestes últimos, a neutropenia foi a citopenia mais prevalente (63,6%), seguida da anemia (45,5%) e trombocitopenia (36,4%). Os sintomas mais frequentes foram fadiga e infeções bacterianas recorrentes; 35,7% apresentavam citopenias assintomáticas. Dos doentes com leucemia LGL-CD4+, um apresentava neoplasia do cólon. A prevalência de doenças autoimunes foi 35,7%; este diagnóstico precedeu sempre o da leucemia. Cinco doentes iniciaram terapêutica; o metotrexato foi o imunossupressor de primeira linha mais utilizado. Verificou-se resposta hematológica completa em dois casos. A taxa de mortalidade foi de 14,3%, num seguimento mediano de 2 anos. Discussão e Conclusão: A apresentação clínica e a frequência de citopenias foram semelhantes ao descrito em estudos anteriores. A recorrente associação com autoimunidade sugere a existência de mecanismos etiopatogénicos comuns; a estimulação crónica por autoantigénios poderá desempenhar um papel no desencadear da doença clonal. São necessários mais estudos para determinar a abordagem gold-standard desta patologia., Medicina Interna, Vol. 25 N.º 1 (2018): Janeiro / Março

Different metal-ion exchanged NaY zeolite, Na(M)Y, were used to prepare poly(vinylidene fluoride) based composites by solvent casting and melting crystallization. The effect of different metal ion-exchanged zeolites on polymer crystallization and electrical properties was reported. Cation-framework interactions and hydration energy of the cations determined that K+ is the most efficient exchanged ion in NaY zeolite, followed by Cs+ and Li+. The electroactive phase crystallization strongly depends on the ions present in the zeolite, leading to variations of the surface energy characteristics of the Na(M)Y zeolites and the polymer chain ability of penetration in the zeolite. Thus, Na(Li)Y and NaY induces the complete electroactive -phase crystallization of the crystalline phase of PVDF, while Na(K)Y only induces it partly and Na(Cs)Y is not able to promote the crystallization of the electroactive phase. Furthermore, different ion size/weigh and different interaction with the zeolite framework results in significant variations in the electrical response of the composite. In this way, iinterfacial polarization effects in the zeolite cavities and zeolite-polymer interface, leads to strong increases of the dielectric constant on the composites with lightest ions weakly bound to the zeolite framework. Polymer composite with Na(Li)Y show the highest dielectric response, followed by NaY and Na(K)Y. Zeolite Na(Cs)Y contribute to a decrease of the dielectric constant of the composite. The results show the relevance of the materials for sensor development., This work was supported by FEDER through the COMPETE Program and by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) in the framework of the Strategic Project PEST C/FIS/UI607/2011 2013 and C/QUI/UI0686/2013, and by the project Matepro –Optimizing Materials and Processes”, ref. NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000037”, co-funded by the “Programa Operacional Regional do Norte” (ON.2 – O Novo Norte), under the “Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional” (QREN), through the “Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional” (FEDER) and the project SIMPE- Superfícies Interactivas Multitoque baseadas em Polímeros Electroactivos- QREN-ADI- 23122, Project Number: 23122.

Mechanical ventilation in thoracic surgery has undergone significant changes in recent years due to the implementation of the protective ventilation. This review will analyze recent ventilatory strategies in one-lung ventilation. A MEDLINE research was performed using Mesh term "One-Lung Ventilation" including randomized clinical trials, metanalysis, reviews and systematic reviews published in the last 6 years. Search was performed on 21st March 2017. A total of 75 articles were initially found. After title and abstract review 14 articles were included. Protective ventilation is not simply synonymous of low tidal volume ventilation, but it also includes routine use of PEEP and alveolar recruitment maneuver. New techniques are still in discussion namely PEEP adjustment, ratio inspiration:expiration, ideal type of anesthesia during one-lung ventilation and hypercapnic ventilation.

The copper(II) complex with a Schiff-base salen-type ligand has been encapsulated in the nanopores of a NaY zeolite by using two different methodologies, the flexible ligand and in situ complex preparation methods. The encapsulated and non-encapsulated copper(II) complexes were screened as catalysts for styrene oxidation by using TBHP as the oxygen source in acetonitrile solvent. Under the optimized conditions, the catalysts exhibited moderate activity with higher selectivity to benzaldehyde. Both heterogeneous catalysts were found to be reusable after the catalytic cycle, but with some loss of activity

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common painful conditions that lead to work absenteeism, medical visits, and hospitalization. The majority of cases showing signs of LBP are due to age-related degenerative changes in the intervertebral disc (IVD), which are, in fact, associated with multiple spine pathologies. Traditional and more conservative procedures/clinical approaches only treat the symptoms of disease and not the underlying pathology, thus limiting their longterm efficiency. In the last few years, research and development of new approaches aiming to substitute the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus tissue and stimulate its regeneration has been conducted. Regeneration of the damaged IVD using tissue engineering strategies appears particularly promising in pre-clinical studies. Meanwhile, surgical techniques must be adapted to this new approach in order to be as minimally invasive as possible, reducing recovering time and side effects associated to traditional surgeries. In this review, the current knowledge on IVD, its associated pathologies and current surgical procedures are summarized. Furthermore, it also provides a succinct and up-to-date overview on regenerative medicine research, especially on the newest tissue engineering strategies for IVD regeneration, The authors would like to thank the funds provided by Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through POCTI and FEDER programs. This work was also supported by the European Union funded Collaborative Project Disc Regeneration (NMP3-LA-2008-213904). The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Helder Pereira (Orthopedic Department Centro Hospitalar Povoa de Varzim - Vila do Conde, Portugal) for kindly supplying the MRI images.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a new international classification of acute pancreatitis severity on the basis of a sound conceptual framework, comprehensive review of published evidence, and worldwide consultation. Background: The Atlanta definitions of acute pancreatitis severity are ingrained in the lexicon of pancreatologists but suboptimal because these definitions are based on empiric descriptions of occurrences that are merely associated with severity. Methods: A personal invitation to contribute to the development of a new international classification of acute pancreatitis severity was sent to all surgeons, gastroenterologists, internists, intensive medicine specialists, and radiologists who are currently active in clinical research on acute pancreatitis. The invitation was not limited to members of certain associations or residents of certain countries. A global Web-based survey was conducted and a dedicated international symposium was organised to bring contributors from different disciplines together and discuss the concept and definitions. Result: The new international classification is based on the actual local and systemic determinants of severity, rather than descriptions of events that are correlated with severity. The local determinant relates to whether there is (peri)-pancreatic necrosis or not, and if present, whether it is sterile or infected. The systemic determinant relates to whether there is organ failure or not, and if present, whether it is transient or persistent. The presence of one determinant can modify the effect of another such that the presence of both infected (peri) pancreatic necrosis and persistent organ failure have a greater effect on severity than either determinant alone. The derivation of a classification based on the above principles results in 4 categories of severity - mild, moderate, severe, and critical. Conclusions: This classification is the result of a consultative process amongst pancreatologists from 49 countries spanning North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa. It provides a set of concise up-to-date definitions of all the main entities pertinent to classifying the severity of acute pancreatitis in clinical practice and research. This ensures that the determinant-based classification can be used in a uniform manner throughout the world.

O venerável padre dominicano, mestre de oratória e eloquência, Frei Luís de Granada (1504-1588) foi um afamado humanista no panorama renascentista, viveu em Portugal ininterruptamente durante mais de quarenta anos, em resposta ao convite do Cardeal Infante D. Henrique, Arcebispo de Évora. O Dominicano foi um intelectual comprometido na busca pela síntese do pensamento, tão ao gosto do seu tempo. Nascido Luís de Sarria viria a ser reconhecido como um pregador assertivo, político sincero, teólogo mordaz e filósofo insatisfeito, atributos que justificam um percurso eclético e consistente bem como uma produção epistémica ampla, diversificada e polifónica. A sua produção literária e de espiritualidade apresenta um largo espectro, incluindo desde os princípios da teologia cristã até à filosofia pagã. Em particular, as obras latinas – Collectanea Moralis Philosophiae, Silva Locorum e Rhetorica Ecclesiastica - emancipam-se de uma natureza meramente espiritual e de um programa catequético-doutrinária para apresentarem, preferencialmente, um itinerário de Retórica e de Filosofia ético-moral, na senda do sentido universal do Humano. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo reconstituir, sumariamente, o percurso biográfico do autor, enquadrando-o nas movimentações do seu tempo; analisar a sua produção latina, em particular, a sua Collectanea Moralis Philosophiae, reconhecendo a presença e projeção deste Clássico na modernidade.

Resumo: Introdução: A polimiosite (PM) e a dermatomiosite são classificadas como miopatias inflamatórias idiopáticas. O envolvimento pulmonar por PM é pouco frequente, estando descrito na literatura em cerca de 10% de casos.Os autores apresentam um caso de uma mulher de 75 anos, com queixas de febre, perda ponderal, artralgias, mialgias e diminuição simétrica e proximal da força muscular com impotência funcional dos membros superiores e inferiores, com início um mês antes do internamento. Apresentava infiltrados pulmonares na telerradiografia de tórax. Após estudo exaustivo estabeleceu-se o diagnóstico de envolvimento pulmonar na forma de pneumonia organizativa por PM. Efectuou-se corticoterapia e terapêutica com micofenolato com melhoria clínica, analítica e radiológica.Conclusão: Neste caso, foi a alteração na telerradiografia de tórax numa doente sem sintomatologia respiratória que levou ao estudo exaustivo até ao diagnóstico de PM, realçando mais uma vez a importância da telerradiografia no rastreio de patologias de outros foros.Rev Port Pneumol 2010; XVI (4): 671-677 Abstract: Introduction: Polymyositis and dermatomyositis are classified as idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Interstitial lung disease is rare and is described in the literature in about 10% of cases.The authors describes a case of 75 year old woman presenting with one month evolution of fever, weight loss, arthralgia, myalgia and symmetric and proximal muscle weakness of upper and lower limbs. Nonspecific interstitial changes was found in chest X-ray. After exhaustive study, the diagnosis of pulmonary envolvement in the form of organizing pneumonia by polymyositis, was established. Glucocorticoids and mycophenolate were prescribed with good clinical, analytical and radiological outcome.Conclusion: In this case, it was the changes in the chest X-ray in a patient without respiratory sym ptomatology, that conducted to exhaustive study to polymyositis diagnosis, enhancing once again the importance of X-ray in the screaning of pathologies of other systems.Rev Port Pneumol 2010; XVI (4): 671-677 Palavras-chave: Polimiosite, telerradiografia do tórax, diagnóstico, prognóstico, Key-words: Polymyositis, chest X-ray, diagnosis, prognosis

Resumo: O enfarte da gordura cardiofrénica é uma condição benigna rara, de etiologia desconhecida, estando apenas descritos 20 casos na literatura em língua inglesa. Esta patologia deve fazer parte do diagnóstico diferencial duma toracalgia pleurítica associada a uma densidade paracardíaca ou a derrame pleural na telerradiografia do tórax. O diagnóstico final é feito por tomografia computorizada (TC tórax) ou através da cirurgia com exame histológico.Os autores descrevem um caso de uma doente de 48 anos, internada por quadro de cansaço, tosse seca e de toracalgia no hemitórax esquerdo, com presença de derrame pleural na radiografia de tórax. A TC do tórax revelou um espessamento do pericárdio e densificação da gordura epipericárdica compatível com o diagnóstico de enfarte da gordura cardiofrénica epipericárdica. Houve uma boa evolução clínica, tendo alta medicada com tratamento sintomático.Face à sua natureza benigna e autolimitada e ao fraco conhecimento desta entidade, o tratamento aconselhado é apenas conservador.Rev Port Pneumol 2010; XVI (3): 507-512 Abstract: Epipericardial fat necrosis is an uncommon benign entity of unknown cause, with only 20 cases reported in the English-language literature. It should be remembered as a possible diagnosis in a person who presents with acute pleuritic chest pain and paracardiac density or pleural effusion on chest radiography (X-ray). The computed tomography (CT) or surgical approach allows the final diagnosis and characterization.The authors describe a case of a 48-year-old woman, admitted to our department because of complaints of fatigue, cough and sudden pleuritic pain on thoracic left side. The chest X-ray showed mild/moderate left pleural effusion and CT scan revealed local slight thickening of pericardium and epipericardial fat, surrounded by thick rim of higher density in the left cardiophrenic space. This made the diagnosis of epipericardial fat necrosis. During hospitalization the patient remained stable and was discharged home with symptomatic relieve therapy.Because of benign, self-limited nature of this entity, only conservative treatment is indicated.Rev Port Pneumol 2010; XVI (3): 507-512 Palavras-chave: Enfarte da gordura, espaço cardiofrénico, dor pleurítica, Key-words: Fat necrosis, cardiophrenic space, pleuritic pain

Resumo: Os autores descrevem um caso de doença linfoproliferativa (DLP) com repercussão pleuropulmonar. Trata-se de um linfoma MALT primário do estômago com comportamento agressivo numa mulher de 86 anos internada no serviço de pneumologia do nosso hospital com derrame pleural como forma de apresentação clínica.A pesquisa de Helicobacter pylori foi negativa, situação pouco frequente. A doença apresentou-se disseminada e sem qualquer resposta à s múltiplas terapêuticas instituídas, o que não é frequente.Abordam-se as formas de apresentação clínica desta patologia, aspectos diagnósticos e terapêuticos, fazendo-se uma discussão sobre as características particulares deste caso e cotejando-os com os dados existentes na literatura. Realça-se a importância de se incluir a DLP no diagnóstico diferencial dos derrames pleurais de etiologia em estudo.Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (4): 713-720 Abstract: The authors present the case of a lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) with pleuro-pulmonary involvement. It was a very aggressive primary gastric lymphoma of the MALT subtype, diagnosed in an 86-year-old woman admitted in Pulmonology ward at our Hospital with pleural effusion.Helicobacter pylori search was negative, what is infrequent. The disease was already disseminated at the time of the diagnosis and did not respond to various treatment modalities, what is also an uncommon finding.Clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of this disease are reviewed, pointing out its unique features and comparing the particular aspects of this case with the published literature. The authors stress that LPD is an important diagnosis to be held in mind in the case of a pleural effusion of unknown aetiology.Rev Port Pneumol 2009; XV (4): 713-720 Palavras-chave: Linfoma não Hodgkin, linfoma MALT gástrico, Helicobacter pylori, derrame pleural, diagnóstico diferencial, polipose gástrica, Key-words: Non-Hodgkinâs lymphoma, gastric MALT lymphoma, Helicobacter pylori, pleural effusion, differential diagnosis, gastric polyposis

Intravascular lymphoma is a very rare form of large B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, characterised by the presence of lymphoma cells in the lumina of small vessels only, particulary in the capillaries. We report a 54 year-old female non-smoker, admitted to hospital for further examination of a four month long clinical condition involving high fever, night sweats, unqualified weight loss and progressive dyspnea. Patient's temperature was 38.5 °C, pulse 100/min and respiratory 22 cycles/min.Patient's haemoglobin was 9.4 g/dL, she had leukocytosis, elevated LDH and arterial blood gas analysis with moderate hypoxaemia (FiO2 1l/m: PaO2-63.6 mm Hg). Chest X-ray revealed diffuse interstitial changes. All the possible causes of unknown origin fever were excluded.Diagnosis was made through lung biopsy and treatment with combined chemotherapy and rituximab was prescribed leading to a 48 hours clinical remission. We present this case to show how difficult this diagnosis can be and how a good response to therapy is possible. Resumo: O linfoma intravascular é uma forma muito rara de linfoma não Hodgkin de células grandes B. Caracteriza-se pela proliferação celular tumoral de linfócitos limitada aos pequenos vasos, particularmente nos capilares. Apresentamos o caso de uma doente de 54 anos, não fumadora, que foi admitida no nosso hospital para investigação de um quadro com quatro meses de evolução de febre, sudorese nocturna, ema-grecimento não quantificado e dispneia progressiva. Ao exame objectivo apresentava-se febril, taquicárdica e polipneica. Analiticamente, destacava-se anemia, leucocitose e LDH elevada. Gasometria arterial - FiO2 1 l/m: PaO2-63,6 mm Hg. A telerradiografia de tórax revelava infiltado intersticial difuso. Foram excluídas todas as causas de febre de origem indeterminada. O diagnóstico foi realizado por biópsia pulmonar cirúrgica e foi prescrita terapêutica citostática combinada e rituximab com boa resposta clínica. Relatamos o caso pela dificuldade diagnóstica e pela boa resposta à terapêutica. Key-words: Lymphoma, intravascular, fever, pulmonary, Palavras-chave: Linfoma, intravascular, febre, pulmonar

Le panorama humaniste se définit par la réception de l’héritage de l’Antiquité Classique, fondé sur la méthode philologique de la multiplex imitatio et de l’æmulatio avec les auteurs gréco-latins. Cette contaminatio gnoséologique construit un tout nouveau scénario dans la réalité de la genèse et de la création littéraires aux XVème et XVIème siècles, aboutissant à la production de nombre de Collectaneas, Florilegia, Adagia comme sources encyclopédiques des sententiae, exempla et apophthegmes, qui favorisent le dialogue entre les trois domaines du savoir que sont Philosophie, Morale et Rhétorique. Ces oeuvres, disposées par loci communes, ont une teneur didactique et c’est ainsi que la rhétorique s’allie à la pédagogie, à la philosophie et à la morale, pour l’éducation et la formation intégrale de l’ethos de; l’individu. André Rodrigues de Évora - Andreas Eborensis - a été divulgateur de Plutarque. Dans les Loci communes sententiarum et exemplorum (1569), qu’il a rassemblés à partir des Moralia, on examinera trois questions : 1) Quels sont les traités moraux qu’il retient ? 2) Quel type de sentences trouve-t-on et quel type d’organisation a-t-il choisi ? 3) Quelles sont les (possibles) éditions de Plutarque qu’il a utilisées ?

The selection of pharmacotherapy for patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) depends on several factors, including age, prominent symptoms, symptom severity, control of AR, patient preferences, and cost. Allergen exposure and the resulting symptoms vary, and treatment adjustment is required. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) might be beneficial for the assessment of disease control. CDSSs should be based on the best evidence and algorithms to aid patients and health care professionals to jointly determine treatment and its step-up or step-down strategy depending on AR control. Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif en Languedoc-Roussillon (MACVIA-LR [fighting chronic diseases for active and healthy ageing]), one of the reference sites of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, has initiated an allergy sentinel network (the MACVIA-ARIA Sentinel Network). A CDSS is currently being developed to optimize AR control. An algorithm developed by consensus is presented in this article. This algorithm should be confirmed by appropriate trials. © 2016 The Authors

Somatic embryogenesis is a powerful tool both for cloning and studies of genetic transformation and embryo development. Most protocols for somatic embryogenesis induction start from zygotic embryos or embryonic-derived tissues which do not allow the propagation of elite trees. In the present study, a reliable protocol for somatic embryogenesis induction from adult trees of strawberry tree is described. Leaves from in vitro proliferating shoots were used to induce somatic embryo formation on a medium containing an auxin and a cytokinin. Somatic embryos germinated in a plant growth regulator-free medium.

Proteomic approaches have been used to understand several regulatory aspects of plant development. Somatic embryogenesis is one of those developmental pathways that have beneficiated from the integration of proteomics data to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control embryogenic competence acquisition, somatic embryo development and conversion into viable plants. Nevertheless, most of the results obtained are based on the traditional model systems, very often not easily compared with the somatic embryogenesis systems of economical relevant woody species. The aim of this work is to summarize some of the applications of proteomics in the understanding of particular aspects of the somatic embryogenesis process in broad-leaf woody plants (model and non-model systems).

Objective: Almost half of all hospitalized patients are malnourished with low physician awareness or implementation of nutrition support¹. To address this problem, a 2-day immersion course in clinical nutrition for physicians was developed by the Latin American Federation of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (FELANPE) with support from Abbott Laboratories. The goal of Total Nutritional Therapy (TNT) is to help physicians utilize this nutrition knowledge to increase their awareness of malnutrition and implementation of nutritional therapy. Since 1997, over 8,000 physicians have completed the TNT course in 16 Latin American countries. Research Methods & Procedures: During 1999 and 2000, 675 participants responded to a survey 6 months after having completed the TNT course to determine what impact the course had on the use of nutrition assessment, nutrition support teams, or nutrition consultations in their clinical practice, and if they had participated in any nutrition association or conferences. Results: The majority of physicians who completed the survey increased their use of nutrition assessment and time dedicated to nutrition therapy, and increased the number of their patients placed on nutrition therapy. Conclusions: The TNT course has been shown to be an efficient model of clinical nutrition education for general physicians. The course should be considered as part of the training of medical residents.Objetivo: Casi la mitad de todos los pacientes hospitalizados se encuentran desnutridos y los médicos tienen muy poco conocimiento o apenas utilizan el soporte nutricional¹. Para corregir este problema, la Federación Latinoamericana de Nutrición Parenteral y Enteral (FELANPE) ideó un curso introductorio de nutrición clínica para médicos de dos días, con el apoyo de los Laboratorios Abbott. El objetivo del tratamiento nutricional total (TNT) es ayudar al médico a aprovechar sus conocimientos de nutrición para incrementar la conciencia sobre malnutrición y aplicación del tratamiento nutricional. Desde 1997, más de 8.000 médicos han completado el curso TNT en 16 países latinoamericanos. Métodos y procedimientos experimentales: Durante 1999 y 2000, 675 participantes respondieron, seis meses después de haber terminado el curso TNT, a una encuesta en la que se pretendía averiguar la repercusión que había tenido el curso en el uso de la evaluación nutricional, los equipos de apoyo nutricional o las consultas sobre nutrición en la práctica clínica y si habían participado en alguna asociación o conferencia de nutrición. Resultados: La mayoría de los médicos que rellenaron la encuesta había aumentado el uso de las herramientas de evaluación nutricional y el tiempo dedicado a este tratamiento; asimismo, había aumentado el número de pacientes que recibieron tratamiento nutricional. Conclusiones: El curso TNT ha resultado un modelo eficiente para la educación de los médicos generales en nutrición clínica. Este curso debería integrarse en la formación de los médicos residentes.

Several unmet needs have been identified in allergic rhinitis: identification of the time of onset of the pollen season, optimal control of rhinitis and comorbidities, patient stratification, multidisciplinary team for integrated care pathways, innovation in clinical trials and, above all, patient empowerment. MASK-rhinitis (MACVIA-ARIA Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis) is a simple system centred around the patient which was devised to fill many of these gaps using Information and Communications Technology (ICT) tools and a clinical decision support system (CDSS) based on the most widely used guideline in allergic rhinitis and its asthma comorbidity (ARIA 2015 revision). It is one of the implementation systems of Action Plan B3 of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA). Three tools are used for the electronic monitoring of allergic diseases: a cell phone-based daily visual analogue scale (VAS) assessment of disease control, CARAT (Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test) and e-Allergy screening (premedical system of early diagnosis of allergy and asthma based on online tools). These tools are combined with a clinical decision support system (CDSS) and are available in many languages. An e-CRF and an e-learning tool complete MASK. MASK is flexible and other tools can be added. It appears to be an advanced, global and integrated ICT answer for many unmet needs in allergic diseases which will improve policies and standards. © 2015 John Wiley and Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd.

Epipericardial fat necrosis is an uncommon benign entity of unknown cause, with only 20 cases reported in the English-language literature. It should be remembered as a possible diagnosis in a person who presents with acute pleuritic chest pain and paracardiac density or pleural effusion on chest radiography (X-ray). The computed tomography (CT) or surgical approach allows the final diagnosis and characterization. The authors describe a case of a 48-year-old woman, admitted to our department because of complaints of fatigue, cough and sudden pleuritic pain on thoracic left side. The chest X-ray showed mild/moderate left pleural effusion and CT scan revealed local slight thickening of pericardium and epipericardial fat, surrounded by thick rim of higher density in the left cardiophrenic space. This made the diagnosis of epipericardial fat necrosis. During hospitalization the patient remained stable and was discharged home with symptomatic relieve therapy. Because of benign, self-limited nature of this entity, only conservative treatment is indicated.