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Trends in perinatal mortality were studied in the city of Pelotas, Southern Brazil, using three population-based cohort studies carried out in 1982, 1993 and 2004. The objective of the present study was to analyze trends and differences in perinatal mortality during the 1982-2004 period. All hospital deliveries and perinatal deaths were monitored through daily visits to maternity wards. Cause of death was determined using information from hospital records and by interviewing physicians. Perinatal mortality fell by 43% in the two decades, with a greater reduction between 1982 and 1993. Intrapartum fetal deaths decreased by 72% and deaths from asphyxia fell from 4.5 per thousand in 1982 to 1.4 per thousand in 2004. In conclusion, reductions in perinatal mortality were also seen across all birth weight categories between 1982 and 1993, but the same was not true for the 1993 to 2004 period, when mortality increased in several categories above 2,000g.Foram estudadas as tendências de mortalidade perinatal no município de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, utilizando três coortes de base populacional, de 1982, 1993 e 2004. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar as tendências e diferenças na mortalidade perinatal no período de 1982 a 2004. Todos os partos hospitalares e óbitos perinatais foram monitorados através de visitas diárias às maternidades. A causa de óbito era determinada através dos prontuários hospitalares e entrevistas com médicos. A mortalidade perinatal diminuiu em 43% ao longo das duas décadas, com a maior redução entre 1982 e 1993. Óbitos fetais intra-parto diminuíram em 72%, e óbitos por asfixia caíram de 4,5 por mil em 1982 para 1,4 por mil em 2004. Em conclusão, houve reduções na mortalidade perinatal em todas as categorias de peso ao nascer entre 1982 e 1993, mas o mesmo não foi observado durante o período de 1993 a 2004, quando a mortalidade aumentou em várias categorias acima de 2000g.

Trends in perinatal mortality were studied in the city of Pelotas, Southern Brazil, using three population-based cohort studies carried out in 1982, 1993 and 2004. The objective of the present study was to analyze trends and differences in perinatal mortality during the 1982-2004 period. All hospital deliveries and perinatal deaths were monitored through daily visits to maternity wards. Cause of death was determined using information from hospital records and by interviewing physicians. Perinatal mortality fell by 43% in the two decades, with a greater reduction between 1982 and 1993. Intrapartum fetal deaths decreased by 72% and deaths from asphyxia fell from 4.5 per thousand in 1982 to 1.4 per thousand in 2004. In conclusion, reductions in perinatal mortality were also seen across all birth weight categories between 1982 and 1993, but the same was not true for the 1993 to 2004 period, when mortality increased in several categories above 2,000g. Foram estudadas as tendências de mortalidade perinatal no município de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, utilizando três coortes de base populacional, de 1982, 1993 e 2004. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar as tendências e diferenças na mortalidade perinatal no período de 1982 a 2004. Todos os partos hospitalares e óbitos perinatais foram monitorados através de visitas diárias às maternidades. A causa de óbito era determinada através dos prontuários hospitalares e entrevistas com médicos. A mortalidade perinatal diminuiu em 43% ao longo das duas décadas, com a maior redução entre 1982 e 1993. Óbitos fetais intra-parto diminuíram em 72%, e óbitos por asfixia caíram de 4,5 por mil em 1982 para 1,4 por mil em 2004. Em conclusão, houve reduções na mortalidade perinatal em todas as categorias de peso ao nascer entre 1982 e 1993, mas o mesmo não foi observado durante o período de 1993 a 2004, quando a mortalidade aumentou em várias categorias acima de 2000g.

To describe a birth cohort which started in 2004, aiming to assess pre and perinatal conditions of the newborns, infant morbimortality, early life characteristics and outcomes, and access, use and financing of health care.All children born in the urban area of Pelotas and Capão do Leão municipalities (Southern Brazil) in 2004 were identified and their mothers invited to join the study. In the first year of the study the children were seen at birth, at three and 12 months of age. These visits involved the application of a questionnaire to the mothers including questions on health; life style; use of health services; socioeconomic situation; estimation of gestational age; anthropometric measurements on the newborn (weight, length, head, chest and abdominal circumferences); anthropometric measurements on the mother (weight and height) and assessment of infant development.Out of the eligible infants (4,558), more than 99% were recruited to the study at birth. Follow-up rates were 96% at three months and 94% at 12 months of age. Among the initial results we highlight the following. Infant mortality rate was 19.7 per thousand, with 66% of infant deaths occurring in the neonatal period. There were frequencies of 15% premature babies and 10% low birthweight. Cesarean sections represented 45% of deliveries.The third Pelotas birth cohort showed an infant mortality rate similar to that of 11 years ago, with most deaths occurring in the neonatal period. The rates of prematurity and cesarean sections increased substantially.