123 results on '"Hyung-Young Kim"'
Search Results
2. Additive effect between IL-13 polymorphism and cesarean section delivery/prenatal antibiotics use on atopic dermatitis: a birth cohort study (COCOA).
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So-Yeon Lee, Jinho Yu, Kang-Mo Ahn, Kyung Won Kim, Youn Ho Shin, Kyung-Shin Lee, Seo Ah Hong, Young-Ho Jung, Eun Lee, Song-I Yang, Ju-Hee Seo, Ji-Won Kwon, Byoung-Ju Kim, Hyo-Bin Kim, Woo-Kyung Kim, Dae Jin Song, Gwang Cheon Jang, Jung Yeon Shim, Soo-Young Lee, Ja-Young Kwon, Suk-Joo Choi, Kyung-Ju Lee, Hee Jin Park, Hye-Sung Won, Ho-Sung Yoo, Mi-Jin Kang, Hyung-Young Kim, and Soo-Jong Hong
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although cesarean delivery and prenatal exposure to antibiotics are likely to affect the gut microbiome in infancy, their effect on the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) in infancy is unclear. The influence of individual genotypes on these relationships is also unclear. To evaluate with a prospective birth cohort study whether cesarean section, prenatal exposure to antibiotics, and susceptible genotypes act additively to promote the development of AD in infancy. METHODS: The Cohort for Childhood of Asthma and Allergic Diseases (COCOA) was selected from the general Korean population. A pediatric allergist assessed 412 infants for the presence of AD at 1 year of age. Their cord blood DNA was subjected to interleukin (IL)-13 (rs20541) and cluster-of-differentiation (CD)14 (rs2569190) genotype analysis. RESULTS: The combination of cesarean delivery and prenatal exposure to antibiotics associated significantly and positively with AD (adjusted odds ratio, 5.70; 95% CI, 1.19-27.3). The association between cesarean delivery and AD was significantly modified by parental history of allergic diseases or risk-associated IL-13 (rs20541) and CD14 (rs2569190) genotypes. There was a trend of interaction between IL-13 (rs20541) and delivery mode with respect to the subsequent risk of AD. (P for interaction = 0.039) Infants who were exposed prenatally to antibiotics and were born by cesarean delivery had a lower total microbiota diversity in stool samples at 6 months of age than the control group. As the number of these risk factors increased, the AD risk rose (trend p
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- 2014
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3. Inhalation toxicity of humidifier disinfectants as a risk factor of children's interstitial lung disease in Korea: a case-control study.
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Hyeon-Jong Yang, Hwa-Jung Kim, Jinho Yu, Eun Lee, Young-Ho Jung, Hyung-Young Kim, Ju-Hee Seo, Geun-Yong Kwon, Ji-Hyuk Park, Jin Gwack, Seung-Ki Youn, Jun-Wook Kwon, Byung-Yool Jun, Kyung Won Kim, Kangmo Ahn, Soo-Young Lee, June-Dong Park, Ji-Won Kwon, Byoung-Ju Kim, Moo-Song Lee, Kyung-Hyun Do, Se-Jin Jang, Bok-Yang Pyun, and Soo-Jong Hong
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The occurrence of numerous cases of interstitial lung disease in children (chILD) every spring in Korea starting in 2006 raised suspicion about a causal relationship with the use of humidifier disinfectants (HDs). The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between HD use and the risk of chILD. METHODS: This retrospective, 1∶3 matched case-control study consisted of 16 cases of chILD that had developed between 2010 and 2011. The three groups of parallel controls (patients with acute lobar pneumonia, asthma, and healthy children) were matched by age, gender, and index date. Indoor/outdoor environmental risk factors, including HD use, were investigated by asking the guardians to complete a questionnaire. RESULTS: The median age of the affected children (43.8% male) was 26 months (18.25-36.25). The chILD group did not differ significantly from the control groups with respect to socio-demographic and clinical variables. Indoor and outdoor environmental factors were not associated with a risk of chILD. However, the previous use of HDs (OR; 2.73. 95% CI; 1.41-5.90, P = 0.00) were independently associated with an increased risk. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that HDs, which are widely used in South Korea in the winter season, independently increased the risk of chILD in spring. Therefore, continuous monitoring and, if needed, changes in policy are essential to prevent and control pediatric diseases caused by toxic chemicals.
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- 2013
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4. Asthma predictive index as a useful diagnostic tool in preschool children: a cross-sectional study in Korea
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Dong Hyeon Lee, Ji-Won Kwon, Hyung Young Kim, Ju-Hee Seo, Hyo-Bin Kim, So-Yeon Lee, Gwang-Cheon Jang, Dae-Jin Song, Woo Kyung Kim, Young-Ho Jung, Soo-Jong Hong, and Jung Yeon Shim
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asthma ,preschool child ,wheezing ,allergy ,diagnosis ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background It is challenging to diagnose asthma in preschool children. The asthma predictive index (API) has been used to predict asthma and decide whether to initiate treatment in preschool children. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the association between questionnaire-based current asthma with API, pulmonary function, airway hyperreactivity (AHR), fractional expiratory nitric oxide (FeNO), and atopic sensitization in preschool children. Methods We performed a population-based cross-sectional study in 916 preschool children aged 4–6 years. We defined current asthma as the presence of both physician-diagnosed asthma and at least one wheezing episode within the previous 12 months using a modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. Clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between groups according to the presence of current asthma. Results The prevalence of current asthma was 3.9% in the study population. Children with current asthma showed a higher rate of positive bronchodilator response and loose and stringent API scores than children without current asthma. The stringent API was associated with current asthma with 72.2% sensitivity and 82.0% specificity. The diagnostic accuracy of the stringent API for current asthma was 0.771. However, no intergroup differences in spirometry results, methacholine provocation test results, FeNO level, or atopic sensitization rate were observed. Conclusion The questionnaire-based diagnosis of current asthma is associated with API, but not with spirometry, AHR, FeNO, or atopic sensitization in preschool children.
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- 2020
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5. Annual and seasonal patterns in etiologies of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia due to respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae requiring hospitalization in South Korea
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Eun Lee, Chul-Hong Kim, Yong Ju Lee, Hyo-Bin Kim, Bong-Seong Kim, Hyung Young Kim, Yunsun Kim, Sangyoung Kim, Chorong Park, Ju-Hee Seo, In Suk Sol, Myongsoon Sung, Min Seob Song, Dae Jin Song, Young Min Ahn, Hea Lin Oh, Jinho Yu, Sungsu Jung, Kyung Suk Lee, Ju Suk Lee, Gwang Cheon Jang, Yoon-Young Jang, Eun Hee Chung, Hai Lee Chung, Sung-Min Choi, Yun Jung Choi, Man Yong Han, Jung Yeon Shim, Jin Tack Kim, Chang-Keun Kim, Hyeon-Jong Yang, and Pneumonia and Respiratory Disease Study Group of Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease
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Children ,Pneumonia ,Respiratory virus ,Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,Macrolide- refractory ,Macrolide-sensitive ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Community–acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading worldwide causes of childhood morbidity and mortality. Its disease burden varies by age and etiology and is time dependent. We aimed to investigate the annual and seasonal patterns in etiologies of pediatric CAP requiring hospitalization. Methods We conducted a retrospective study in 30,994 children (aged 0–18 years) with CAP between 2010 and 2015 at 23 nationwide hospitals in South Korea. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia was clinically classified as macrolide-sensitive MP, macrolide-less effective MP (MLEP), and macrolide-refractory MP (MRMP) based on fever duration after initiation of macrolide treatment, regardless of the results of in vitro macrolide sensitivity tests. Results MP and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were the two most commonly identified pathogens of CAP. With the two epidemics of MP pneumonia (2011 and 2015), the rates of clinical MLEP and MRMP pneumonia showed increasing trends of 36.4% of the total MP pneumonia. In children
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- 2020
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6. Korean childhood asthma study (KAS): a prospective, observational cohort of Korean asthmatic children
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Dong In Suh, Dae Jin Song, Hey-Sung Baek, Meeyong Shin, Young Yoo, Ji-Won Kwon, Gwang Cheon Jang, Hyeon-Jong Yang, Eun Lee, Hwan Soo Kim, Ju-Hee Seo, Sung-Il Woo, Hyung Young Kim, Youn Ho Shin, Ju Suk Lee, Jisun Yoon, Sungsu Jung, Minkyu Han, Eunjin Eom, Jinho Yu, Woo Kyung Kim, Dae Hyun Lim, Jin Tack Kim, Woo-Sung Chang, and Jeom-Kyu Lee
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Asthma ,Child ,Cluster ,Cohort study ,Korea ,Prospective ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Abstract Background Asthma is a syndrome composed of heterogeneous disease entities. Although it is agreed that proper asthma endo-typing and appropriate type-specific interventions are crucial in the management of asthma, little data are available regarding pediatric asthma. Methods We designed a cluster-based, prospective, observational cohort study of asthmatic children in Korea (Korean childhood Asthma Study [KAS]). A total of 1000 Korean asthmatic children, aged from 5 to 15 years, will be enrolled at the allergy clinics of the 19 regional tertiary hospitals from August 2016 to December 2018. Physicians will verify the relevant histories of asthma and comorbid diseases, as well as airway lability from the results of spirometry and bronchial provocation tests. Questionnaires regarding subjects’ baseline characteristics and their environment, self-rating of asthma control, and laboratory tests for allergy and airway inflammation will be collected at the time of enrollment. Follow-up data regarding asthma control, lung function, and environmental questionnaires will be collected at least every 6 months to assess outcome and exacerbation-related aggravating factors. In a subgroup of subjects, peak expiratory flow rate will be monitored by communication through a mobile application during the overall study period. Cluster analysis of the initial data will be used to classify Korean pediatric asthma patients into several clusters; the exacerbation and progression of asthma will be assessed and compared among these clusters. In a subgroup of patients, big data-based deep learning analysis will be applied to predict asthma exacerbation. Discussion Based on the assumption that asthma is heterogeneous and each subject exhibits a different subset of risk factors for asthma exacerbation, as well as a different disease progression, the KAS aims to identify several asthma clusters and their essential determinants, which are more suitable for Korean asthmatic children. Thereafter we may suggest cluster-specific strategies by focusing on subjects’ personalized aggravating factors during each exacerbation episode and by focusing on disease progression. The KAS will provide a good academic background with respect to each interventional strategy to achieve better asthma control and prognosis.
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- 2019
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7. Clinical Characteristics of Macrolide-Refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia in Korean Children: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
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Yun Jung Choi, Eun Hee Chung, Eun Lee, Chul-Hong Kim, Yong Ju Lee, Hyo-Bin Kim, Bong-Seong Kim, Hyung Young Kim, Yoojung Cho, Ju-Hee Seo, In Suk Sol, Myongsoon Sung, Dae Jin Song, Young Min Ahn, Hea Lin Oh, Jinho Yu, Sungsu Jung, Kyung Suk Lee, Ju Suk Lee, Gwang Cheon Jang, Yoon-Young Jang, Hai Lee Chung, Sung-Min Choi, Man Yong Han, Jung Yeon Shim, Jin Tack Kim, Chang-Keun Kim, Hyeon-Jong Yang, and Dong In Suh
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia ,macrolide refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia ,children ,Medicine - Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a major causative pathogen of community-acquired pneumonia in children, and the treatment of choice is macrolides. There is an increasing trend in reports of refractory clinical responses despite macrolide treatment due to the emergence of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae. Early discrimination of macrolide-refractory M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MrMP) from macrolide-sensitive M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MSMP) is vital; however, testing for macrolide susceptibility at the time of admission is not feasible. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of MrMP in Korean children, in comparison with those of MSMP. In this multicenter study, board-certified pediatric pulmonologists at 22 tertiary hospitals reviewed the medical records from 2010 to 2015 of 5294 children who were hospitalized with M. pneumoniae pneumonia and administered macrolides as the initial treatment. One-way analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare differences between groups. Of 5294 patients (mean age, 5.6 years) included in this analysis, 240 (4.5%), 925 (17.5%), and 4129 (78.0%) had MrMP, macrolide-less effective M. pneumoniae pneumonia, and MSMP, respectively. Compared with the MSMP group, the MrMP group had a longer fever duration, overall (13.0 days) and after macrolide use (8.0 days). A higher proportion of MrMP patients had respiratory distress, pleural effusion, and lobar pneumonia. The mean aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and C-reactive protein levels were the highest in the MrMP group, along with higher incidences of extrapulmonary manifestations and atelectasis (during and post infection). Pre-existing conditions were present in 17.4% (n = 725/4159) of patients, with asthma being the most common (n = 334/4811, 6.9%). This study verified that MrMP patients show more severe initial radiographic findings and clinical courses than MSMP patients. MrMP should be promptly managed by agents other than macrolides.
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- 2022
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8. Pulmonary function of healthy Korean children from three independent birth cohorts: Validation of the Global Lung Function Initiative 2012 equation
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Hyang Ok Woo, Kyung Won Kim, Ji Won Kwon, Gwang Cheon Jang, Ji Soo Park, Yong Han Sun, Boong Nyun Kim, Eun Lee, So-Yeon Lee, Kangmo Ahn, Choong Ho Shin, Yoon Kyung Choi, Hai Lee Chung, Myung Hee Kook, Dong In Suh, Hwa Jin Cho, Hyung Young Kim, Sung Il Woo, Ja Hyung Kim, Youn Ho Shin, You Sook Youn, Yun-Chul Hong, Jin A Jung, Johanna I. Kim, Yun Jung Choi, Kyung Shin Lee, Youn-Hee Lim, Young Ah Lee, Kang Seo Park, Soo-Jong Hong, Hyun-Ju Cho, and Jeong Rim Lee
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Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Spirometry ,Vital capacity ,Vital Capacity ,Population ,Standard score ,Standard deviation ,Pulmonary function testing ,FEV1/FVC ratio ,Reference Values ,Forced Expiratory Volume ,Republic of Korea ,Humans ,Medicine ,Child ,education ,Lung ,education.field_of_study ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,respiratory system ,Confidence interval ,respiratory tract diseases ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Birth Cohort ,Female ,business ,circulatory and respiratory physiology ,Demography - Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Global Lung Function Initiative (GLI) 2012 equations were developed to resolve the age-related disparity in interpreting spirometry results. Local validation of the equation is needed, especially in Northeast Asian children. This study evaluated the GLI equation in Korean children. METHODS Spirometry indices (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, and FEF25%-75%) and clinical information were gathered from three population-based birth cohorts. Predicted GLI reference values and z scores of spirometry results were calculated for 1239 healthy children. The mean, standard deviation of z scores were compared with the expected 0 and 1. Probabilities of falling below the lower limit of normal (LLN) (z score: -1.64) were compared with the expected value 5%. GLI z scores were assessed according to low ( 2) BMI z score groups. RESULTS Mean z scores significantly differed from 0 for FEV1/FVC in males (mean [95% confidence interval]: 0.18 [0.08, 0.27]) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in females (-0.23 [-0.31, -0.15] and -0.26 [-0.36, -0.16], respectively). The standard deviation was larger than 1 for all variables in males and FVC and FEV1/FVC in females. The probability of falling below the LLN was significantly larger than 5% for FEV1 (12.13% [9.64, 14.77]), FVC (15.86% [13.06, 18.81]), and forced expiratory flow at 25%-75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25%-75%) (7.31% [5.29, 9.49]) in males and FVC (11.91% [9.40, 14.60]) in females. FEV1 and FVC z scores increased across low to high body mass index (BMI) groups, and FEV1/FVC decreased from low to high BMI groups. CONCLUSION GLI equations marginally differ from real-world values, which should be considered by pulmonologists in practice or research.
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- 2021
9. Longitudinal asthma exacerbation phenotypes in the Korean childhood asthma study cohort
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Ji Soo Park, Dong In Suh, Dae Jin Song, Hey‐Sung Baek, Meeyong Shin, Young Yoo, Ji‐Won Kwon, Gwang Cheon Jang, Hyeon‐Jong Yang, Eun Lee, Hwan Soo Kim, Ju‐Hee Seo, Sung‐Il Woo, Hyung Young Kim, Youn Ho Shin, Ju Suk Lee, Jisun Yoon, Sungsu Jung, Minkyu Han, Eunjin Eom, Jinho Yu, Woo Kyung Kim, Dae Hyun Lim, and Jin Tack Kim
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Phenotype ,Forced Expiratory Volume ,Republic of Korea ,Immunology ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Prospective Studies ,Child ,Asthma - Abstract
Asthma exacerbation (AE) leads to social and economic costs and long-term adverse outcomes. We aimed to predict exacerbation-prone asthma (EPA) in children.The Korean childhood Asthma Study (KAS) is a prospective nationwide pediatric asthma cohort of children aged 5-15 years followed every 6 months. Patients with AE during the 6 months prior to all three visits, with AE prior to one or two visits, and without AE prior to any visit were defined as having EPA, exacerbation-intermittent asthma (EIA), and exacerbation-resistant asthma (ERA), respectively. Risk factors and prediction models of EPA were explored.Of the 497 patients who completed three visits, 42%, 18%, and 15% had exacerbations prior to visits 1, 2, and 3 and 5%, 47%, and 48% had EPA, EIA, and ERA, respectively. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression revealed forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) z-score, forced vital capacity (FVC) z-score, white blood cell (WBC) count, and asthma control test (ACT) score as relevant EPA risk factors. The EPA prediction model comprised FVC z-score, WBC count, ACT score, sex, and parental education level (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] 0.841 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.728-0.954]).With appropriate management, AE decreases over time, but persistent AEs may occur. Apart from asthma control level, baseline lung function and WBC count predicted EPA.
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- 2022
10. Asthma predictive index as a useful diagnostic tool in preschool children: a cross-sectional study in Korea
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Ji Won Kwon, So-Yeon Lee, Young Ho Jung, Soo-Jong Hong, Gwang Cheon Jang, Dae Jin Song, Hyung Young Kim, Hyo Bin Kim, Woo Kyung Kim, Jung Yeon Shim, Ju Hee Seo, and Dong Hyeon Lee
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Spirometry ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,medicine.drug_class ,Cross-sectional study ,Population ,Provocation test ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,immune system diseases ,Bronchodilator ,Diagnosis ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Asthma ,education.field_of_study ,Wheezing ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Preschool child ,030228 respiratory system ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Original Article ,Methacholine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: It is challenging to diagnose asthma in preschool children. The asthma predictive index (API) has been used to predict asthma and decide whether to initiate treatment in preschool children.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between questionnaire-based current asthma with API, pulmonary function, airway hyperreactivity (AHR), fractional expiratory nitric oxide (FeNO), and atopic sensitization in preschool children.Methods: We performed a population-based cross-sectional study in 916 preschool children aged 4–6 years. We defined current asthma as the presence of both physician-diagnosed asthma and at least one wheezing episode within the previous 12 months using a modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire. Clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between groups according to the presence of current asthma.Results: The prevalence of current asthma was 3.9% in the study population. Children with current asthma showed a higher rate of positive bronchodilator response and loose and stringent API scores than children without current asthma. The stringent API was associated with current asthma with 72.2% sensitivity and 82.0% specificity. The diagnostic accuracy of the stringent API for current asthma was 0.771. However, no intergroup differences in spirometry results, methacholine provocation test results, FeNO level, or atopic sensitization rate were observed.Conclusion: The questionnaire-based diagnosis of current asthma is associated with API, but not with spirometry, AHR, FeNO, or atopic sensitization in preschool children.
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- 2020
11. Long-term survival outcome beyond the 1st year of pediatric acute liver failure after liver transplantation compared with biliary atresia: a large-volume living donor liver transplantation single-center study
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Sola Lee, Nam-Joon Yi, Su Young Hong, Suk Kyung Hong, YoungRok Choi, Hyung-Young Kim, Jin Soo Moon, Seong Mi Yang, Kwang-Woong Lee, and Kyung-Suk Suh
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Transplantation ,Immunology - Published
- 2022
12. Profiles and characteristics of bronchial responsiveness in general 7‐year‐old children
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Yong Han Sun, Song I. Yang, Dong In Suh, Kang Seo Park, Ji Won Kwon, You Sook Youn, Hyung Young Kim, Hyang Ok Woo, So-Yeon Lee, Hye Ryoung Yi, Soo-Jong Hong, Ja Hyung Kim, Hai Lee Chung, Myung Hee Kook, Hwa Jin Cho, Ji Soo Park, Yun Jung Choi, Sung Il Woo, Young Ho Kim, Jin A Jung, Sungsu Jung, and Gwang Cheon Jang
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Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Spirometry ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Population ,Bronchi ,Bronchial Provocation Tests ,Pulmonary function testing ,FEV1/FVC ratio ,Forced Expiratory Volume ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Child ,education ,Methacholine Chloride ,Lung function ,Respiratory Sounds ,Skin Tests ,Asthma ,education.field_of_study ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Allergens ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Female ,Methacholine ,Bronchial Hyperreactivity ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Although bronchial responsiveness (BR) is usually categorized as normal or hyperresponsive to aid the diagnosis of asthma, it exists on a continuous spectrum, not in a dichotomous manner. We aimed to evaluate the distribution profile of BR in a general population of 7-year-olds.In 2015, 7-year-old Korean children from a nationwide birth cohort study visited regional study hospitals for skin prick test, standard spirometry, and bronchial provocation to establish reference values for the general population. Their BR degrees were categorized into five ordered groups: hyperresponsive BRs were classified into group 1 (provocative concentration (PC) of methacholine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV1], PC20 of4 mg/mL) and group 2 (PC20 of ≥4 mg/mL and16 mg/mL), and nonresponsive BRs were categorized into group 3 (final FEV1 percentage fall after inhaling 16 mg/mL of methacholine [FEV1%fall] of15% and ≤20%), group 4 (FEV1%fall of10% and ≤15%), and group 5 (FEV1%fall of ≤10%).In total, 559 subjects finished all tests reliably. Groups 1 and 2 comprised 10.0% and 15.7% of the total population, respectively. Groups 3, 4, and 5 comprised 14.7%, 18.4%, and 41.1%, respectively. As the group number increased, the proportion of those with recent wheezing and those with indoor allergen sensitization decreased (P for trend = 0.001 and P for trend 0.001, respectively), and the baseline FEV1/FVC increased (P for trend 0.001) CONCLUSION: BR of the 7-year-olds in the general population, while showing a wide distribution across phenotypes, is associated with allergic symptoms, negatively correlated with baseline lung function and positively correlated with indoor allergen sensitization.
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- 2019
13. Multicenter Surveillance of Cystic Fibrosis in Korean Children
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Hyung Young Kim, Soo-Jong Hong, Kangmo Ahn, Dong In Suh, Shin Hye Noh, Soo Yeon Kim, Jinho Yu, Jung Min Ko, Min Goo Lee, and Kyung Won Kim
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy - Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF), caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (We included 18 pediatric patients with CF diagnosed using sweat chloride test or genetic analysis for 30 years. HEK293 cells were transfected with wild-typeThe median age at diagnosis was 9.2 years. Eleven patients had growth retardation, and 6 had a respiratory failure at diagnosis. Genetic analysis was used for all patients, while sweat testing was for 8 patients. At diagnosis, the medianCF is extremely rare in Korean children and is caused by different mutations from those commonly observed in Caucasians. Early diagnosis and treatment availability may improve outcomes. CFTR modulators may be effective for Asian patients with rare
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- 2022
14. Vegetable dietary pattern may protect mild and persistent allergic rhinitis phenotype depending on genetic risk in school children
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Yong Han Sun, Hye Ryoung Yi, Ji Won Kwon, Hai Lee Chung, Hyung Young Kim, Jisun Yoon, Myung Hee Kook, You Sook Youn, Hwa Jin Cho, Ja Hyeong Kim, Sung Il Woo, Jeom Kyu Lee, So-Yeon Lee, Hea Young Oh, Sangrok Kim, Young Ho Kim, Hyun-Ju Cho, Soo-Jong Hong, Kyeong Ok Koo, Eunseol Kim, Hyang Ok Woo, Song I. Yang, Dong In Suh, Jeong Rim Lee, Sung Ok Kwon, Jin A Jung, Kang Seo Park, Sungsu Jung, Gwang Cheon Jang, and Woo Sung Chang
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Immunology ,Physiology ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Lower risk ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Vegetables ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Genetic predisposition ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Asthma ,Schools ,Triglyceride ,Cholesterol ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Phenotype ,Rhinitis, Allergic ,Diet ,030228 respiratory system ,chemistry ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,business - Abstract
Background The effect of diet on allergic rhinitis (AR), its severity in children, and whether it modifies AR depending on genetic susceptibility are unknown. We investigated the association between dietary patterns and AR in school children and the influence of diet on AR according to a genetic risk score (GRS). Methods Totally, 435 7-year-old school children were recruited from the Panel Study on Korean Children. We used dietary patterns (vegetable, sugar, and meat) and dietary inflammatory index (DII) as dietary parameters. AR and its severity were defined by questionnaires about treatment in the previous 12 months and the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guideline, respectively. A GRS was calculated using 6 single nucleotide polymorphisms for allergic diseases. Results A vegetable diet containing a lot of anti-inflammatory nutrients and higher vitamin D level in blood were negatively correlated, while DII was positively correlated with triglyceride level and triglyceride/HDL cholesterol. Vegetable diet (aOR, 95% CI = 0.73, 0.58-0.94) and DII (1.13, 1.01-1.28) were associated with AR risk. In particular, a high-vegetable diet resulted in a lower risk of mild and persistent AR (aOR, 95% CI = 0.24, 0.10-0.56) while a high DII represented a higher risk (2.33, 1.06-5.10). The protective effect of vegetable diet on AR appeared only among children with a lower GRS (adjusted P = .018). Conclusions A vegetable dietary pattern characterized by high intake of anti-inflammatory nutrients and higher vitamin D level in blood might be associated with a lower risk of mild and persistent AR. This beneficial effect is modified by a genetic factor.
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- 2020
15. Heterogeneity of Childhood Asthma in Korea: Cluster Analysis of the Korean Childhood Asthma Study Cohort
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Ju Hee Seo, Young Yoo, Eunjin Eom, Dae Hyun Lim, Eun Lee, Hey Sung Baek, Jin Tack Kim, Dong In Suh, Sungsu Jung, Gwang Cheon Jang, Dae Jin Song, Hyung Young Kim, Woo Kyung Kim, Sung Il Woo, Hyeon Jong Yang, Youn Ho Shin, Ji Won Kwon, Hwan Soo Kim, Jinho Yu, Minkyu Han, Meeyong Shin, Jisun Yoon, and Ju Suk Lee
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,phenotype ,Immunology ,Pulmonary function testing ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,immune system diseases ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Lung function ,Asthma ,childhood ,Childhood asthma ,business.industry ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,Response to treatment ,respiratory tract diseases ,030228 respiratory system ,Cohort ,Original Article ,business ,cluster analysis - Abstract
Purpose Asthma is a heterogeneous airway disease occurring in children, and it has various clinical phenotypes. A clear differentiation of the clinical phenotypes can provide better asthma management and prediction of asthma prognosis. Little is currently known about asthma phenotypes in Korean children. This study was designed to identify asthma phenotypes in school-aged Korean children. Methods This study enrolled 674 children with physician-diagnosed asthma from the Korean childhood Asthma Study (KAS) cohort. The physicians verified the relevant histories of asthma and comorbid diseases, as well as airway lability and hyper-responsiveness from the results of pulmonary function tests and bronchial provocation tests. Questionnaires regarding the participants' baseline characteristics, their environment and self-rating of asthma control were collected at the time of enrollment. Laboratory tests were performed to assess allergy and airway inflammation. Children with asthma were classified by hierarchical cluster analysis. Results Of the 674 patients enrolled from the KAS cohort, 447 were included in the cluster analysis. Cluster analysis of these 447 children revealed 4 asthma phenotypes: cluster 1 (n = 216, 48.3%) which was characterized by male-dominant atopic asthma; cluster 2 (n = 79, 17.7%) which was characterized by early-onset atopic asthma with atopic dermatitis; cluster 3 (n = 47, 10.5%) which was characterized by puberty-onset, female-dominant atopic asthma with the low lung function; and cluster 4 (n = 105, 23.5%) which was characterized by early-onset, non-atopic dominant asthma. Conclusions The asthma phenotypes among Korean children can be classified into 4 distinct clusters. Long-term follow-up with these phenotypes will be needed to define their prognosis and response to treatment.
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- 2019
16. Annual and seasonal patterns in etiologies of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia due to respiratory viruses and Mycoplasma pneumoniae requiring hospitalization in Korea
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EUN LEE, Chul-Hong Kim, Yong Ju Lee, Hyo-Bin Kim, Bong-Seong Kim, Hyung Young Kim, Yunsun Kim, Sangyoung Kim, Chorong Park, Ju-Hee Seo, In Suk Sol, Myongsoon Sung, Min Seob Song, Dae Jin Song, Young Min Ahn Ahn, Hea Lin Oh, Jinho Yu, Sungsu Jung, Kyung Suk Lee, Ju Suk Lee, Gwang Cheon Jang, Yoon Young Jang, Eun Hee Chung, Hai Lee Chung, Sung-Min Choi, Yun Jung Choi, Man Yong Han, Jung Yeon Shim, Jin-Tack Kim, Chang-Keun Kim, and Hyeon-Jong Yang
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Background: Community–acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the leading worldwide causes of childhood morbidity and mortality and its disease burden is affected by age and etiologies with time-dependent changes. We aimed to investigate the annual and seasonal patterns in etiologies of pediatric CAP requiring hospitalization. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in 30,994 children (0-18 years old) with CAP between 2010 and 2015 at 23 nationwide hospitals in Korea. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) pneumonia was clinically classified into macrolide-sensitive MP, macrolide-less effective MP (MLEP) and macrolide-refractory MP (MRMP) based on fever duration after initiation of macrolide treatment, regardless of the results of in vitro macrolide sensitivity tests. Results: MP and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were the two most commonly identified pathogens of CAP. With the two epidemics of MP pneumonia (2011 and 2015), the rates of clinical MLEP and MRMP pneumonia showed increasing trends of 36.36% of the total MP pneumonia. In children less than 2 years of age, RSV (34.01%) was the most common cause of CAP, followed by MP (9.44%), whereas MP was the most common cause of CAP in children 2-18 years of age. Systemic corticosteroid was most commonly administered in MP pneumonia. The rate of hospitalization in intensive care unit was highest for RSV pneumonia, and ventilator care was most commonly needed in cases of adenovirus pneumonia. Conclusions: The present study provides fundamental data for establishment of public health policies to decrease disease burden due to CAP as well as for improvement of pediatric health.
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- 2019
17. Prevalence, Risk Factors and Cutoff Values for Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness to Provocholine in 7-Year-Old Children
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You Sook Youn, Yong Han Sun, Soo Jong Hong, Jin A Jung, Jisun Yoon, Hye Ryoung Yi, Sungsu Jung, Hyung Young Kim, Song I. Yang, Dong In Suh, Sung Il Woo, Hai Lee Chung, Myung Hee Kook, Hwa Jin Cho, Young Ho Kim, Hyang Ok Woo, Kang Seo Park, Gwang Cheon Jang, Ji Won Kwon, Ja Hyeong Kim, Hyun-Ju Cho, and So-Yeon Lee
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Spirometry ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Immunology ,Population ,prevalence ,Bronchial hyperreactivity ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,immune system diseases ,Internal medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,risk factors ,030212 general & internal medicine ,education ,Asthma ,education.field_of_study ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Atopic dermatitis ,asthma ,medicine.disease ,ROC curve ,respiratory tract diseases ,030228 respiratory system ,Quartile ,Bronchial hyperresponsiveness ,Bronchiolitis ,Original Article ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND A US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug methacholine chloride (Provocholine®) was recently introduced to Korea where it is now widely used in clinical practice. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and cutoff value of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to Provocholine in 7-year-old children. METHODS Six hundred and thirty-three children from the Panel Study on Korean Children who visited 16 regional hospitals were evaluated. Skin prick tests, spirometry and bronchial provocation tests for Provocholine as well as a detailed history and physical examinations were performed. The bronchial provocation test was reliably performed on 559 of these children. RESULTS The prevalence of ever-diagnosed asthma via medical records was 7.7%, and that of current asthma (wheezy episode in the last 12 months + diagnosed asthma by physicians) was 3.2%. The prevalence of BHR to Provocholine was 17.2% and 25.8%, respectively, for a PC20 < 8 and < 16 mg/mL. The risk factors for BHR (PC20 < 16 mg/mL) were atopic dermatitis diagnosis and current dog ownership, whereas those for current asthma were allergy rhinitis diagnosis, a history of bronchiolitis before the age of 3, recent use of analgesics/antipyretics and maternal history of asthma. The BHR prevalence trend showed an increase along with the increased immunoglobulin E (IgE) quartile. The cutoff value of PC20 for the diagnosis of current asthma in children at age 7 was 5.8 mg/mL (sensitivity: 47.1%, specificity: 87.4%). CONCLUSIONS BHR to Provocholine (PC20 < 8 mg/mL) was observed in 17.2% of 7-year-olds children from the general population and the cutoff value of PC20 for the diagnosis of current asthma was 5.8 mg/mL in this age group. The risk factors for BHR and current asthma showed discrepancies suggesting different underlying mechanisms. Bronchial provocation testing with Provocholine will be a useful clinical tool in the future.
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- 2018
18. Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate induces IL-6 and TNF-α expression through JNK-dependent pathway in human lung epithelial cells
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Sung-Hwan Kim, Hyung-Young Kim, Jin-Young Han, Doin Jeon, Min-Seok Kim, and Kyuhong Lee
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0301 basic medicine ,MAPK/ERK pathway ,MAP Kinase Signaling System ,medicine.medical_treatment ,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases ,Gene Expression ,Inflammation ,Lung injury ,Toxicology ,Guanidines ,p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Anti-Infective Agents ,In vivo ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases ,Lung ,A549 cell ,Interleukin-6 ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Chemistry ,JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ,Epithelial Cells ,Molecular biology ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,030104 developmental biology ,Cytokine ,A549 Cells ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG) is an antimicrobial biocide that causes severe lung injury accompanied with inflammation and subsequent fibrosis. Cytokines mediate the inflammatory response, leading to fibrosis in injured tissues. PHMG is known to induce the expression of various cytokines in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of three MAPK subfamilies (JNK, p38 MAPK, and ERK) in PHMG-induced cytokine expression in A549 human lung epithelial cells. Our in vivo and in vitro data indicated that PHMG induced an increase in mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α, and enhanced the phosphorylation of JNK, p38 MAPK, and ERK. Further, we investigated the involvement of MAPKs in PHMG-induced mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α using JNK, p38 MAPK, and ERK inhibitors in A549 cells. Pre-treatment with the JNK inhibitor but not the p38 MAPK or ERK inhibitor, significantly attenuated the PHMG-induced mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF-α. These results suggest that the activation of JNK is involved at least partially in the induction of IL-6 or TNF-α expression by PHMG in A549 cells.
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- 2018
19. Clinical characteristics of acute lower respiratory tract infections according to respiratory viruses in hospitalized children without underlying disease during the last 3 years
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Hyung Young Kim, Tae Min Um, Min Hae Seo, Hye Young Kim, and Hee Ju Park
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Respiratory tract infections ,Exacerbation ,business.industry ,viruses ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,Pneumonia ,0302 clinical medicine ,030228 respiratory system ,Bronchiolitis ,Croup ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Rhinovirus ,Respiratory system ,business ,Asthma - Abstract
Background: Respiratory viruses play a significant role in the etiology of acute respiratory infections and exacerbation of chronic respiratory illnesses. This study was conducted to identify the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of children with acute viral lower respiratory infections. Methods: This study investigated 1,168 children diagnosed with acute viral lower respiratory tract infections (RTIs) between January 2012 and December 2014. Specimens of respiratory viruses were collected using a nasopharyngeal swab and analyzed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed the clinical features of children hospitalized for acute lower respiratory infections. Results: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the main cause of infection in children aged
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- 2017
20. Association between sensitization and allergic diseases in 7-years-old Korean children.
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Eun Lee, Dong In Suh, So-Yeon Lee, Sungsu Jung, Jisun Yoon, Hyun-Ju Cho, Youngho Kim, Song-I Yang, Ji-won Kwon, Gwang Cheon Jang, Yong Han Sun, Sung-Il Woo, You-Sook Youn, Kang Seo Park, Hwa Jin Cho, Myung-Hee Kook, Hye Ryoung Yi, Hai Lee Chung, Ja-Hyeong Kim, and Hyung Young Kim
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- 2021
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21. Clinical Study of a Newly Diagnosed Case of Gitelman Syndrome in a Patient Monitored for Liddle Syndrome
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Jun Hyung Park, Hyung Young Kim, Won Do Park, Sang Hyun Kim, Da Hee Kim, and Ji Won Kim
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,business.industry ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Newly diagnosed ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Gitelman syndrome ,medicine.disease ,Hypokalemia ,Liddle Syndrome ,Hypomagnesemia ,Clinical study ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Solute Carrier Family 12 ,medicine.symptom ,Intensive care medicine ,business - Published
- 2016
22. Association between sensitization and allergic diseases in 7-years-old Korean children
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Hyang Ok Woo, Hyung Young Kim, Gwang Cheon Jang, Myung-Hee Kook, Yong Han Sun, Kang Seo Park, Young Ho Kim, Soo-Jong Hong, Hyun-Ju Cho, Jeom-Kyu Lee, Ji-Won Kwon, You-Sook Youn, Hai Lee Chung, Dong In Suh, Hwa Jin Cho, Woo-Sung Chang, Song-I Yang, Eun Lee, Hye Ryoung Yi, Sung-Il Woo, Ja-Hyeong Kim, So-Yeon Lee, Sungsu Jisun Yoon, Jin A Jung, and Sungsu Jung
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0301 basic medicine ,Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Exacerbation ,Immunology ,medicine.disease_cause ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Allergen ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Child ,Sensitization ,Asthma ,Skin Tests ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Atopic dermatitis ,Allergens ,medicine.disease ,Dermatology ,Rhinitis, Allergic ,respiratory tract diseases ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030228 respiratory system ,Cohort ,business - Abstract
Background Sensitization is associated with the exacerbation, severity, and prognosis of allergic diseases in children OBJECTIVE: We characterized the association between sensitization patterns and allergic diseases. Methods A cohort of 548 children was enrolled from Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC) study. Skin prick tests (SPTs) for 18 common allergens, blood tests, and methacholine bronchial challenge tests were performed at age 7. The Korean version of International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire was used. Results The sensitization rate on SPTs was 46.4%. Sensitization to indoor allergens showed an association with symptoms of asthma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.39; 95% confidence intervals [95% CIs], 1.10-5.23), allergic rhinitis (AR, aOR 2.08, 95% CIs 1.42-3.06), and atopic dermatitis (AD, aOR 2.36, 95% CIs 1.24-4.50) in the preceding 12 months. In contrast, sensitization to outdoor allergens was associated with AR diagnosis only (aOR 2.40, 95% CIs 1.30-4.41). The number of sensitized allergens was associated with a lifetime diagnosis and symptoms in the preceding 12 months of AR and asthma, but not with AD or BHR. A higher degree of sensitization to indoor allergens was associated with symptoms in the preceding 12 months of asthma, AR, AD, and that for outdoor allergens was associated with symptoms in the prior 12 months of asthma and AR. Conclusion The sensitization patterns including allergen type, number, and degree of sensitization are helpful for interpreting the association between sensitization and allergic diseases and identifying the pathophysiologies and diverse phenotypes of allergic diseases.
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- 2019
23. Associated Factors for Asthma Severity in Korean Children: A Korean Childhood Asthma Study
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Ji Won Kwon, Dae Jin Song, Jinho Yu, Ju Suk Lee, Ju Hee Seo, Youn Ho Shin, Minkyu Han, Hey Sung Baek, Woo Kyung Kim, Dong In Suh, Jisun Yoon, Young Yoo, Jin Tack Kim, Sung Il Woo, Dae Hyun Lim, Gwang Cheon Jang, Eunjin Eom, Meeyong Shin, Hyeon Jong Yang, Hyung Young Kim, Eun Lee, Sungsu Jung, and Hwan Soo Kim
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,education status ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,dogs ,Immunology ,air pollution ,environmental exposure ,severity ,macromolecular substances ,Tobacco smoke ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,immune system diseases ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Air purifier ,Risk factor ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,Child ,Disease burden ,Asthma ,Childhood asthma ,business.industry ,Environmental exposure ,Odds ratio ,asthma ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,030228 respiratory system ,risk factor ,smoke ,Original Article ,business - Abstract
Purpose Childhood asthma has a considerable social impact and economic burden, especially in severe asthma. This study aimed to identify the proportion of childhood asthma severity and to evaluate associated factors for greater asthma severity. Methods This study was performed on 667 children aged 5-15 years with asthma from the nationwide 19 hospitals in the Korean childhood Asthma Study (KAS). Asthma was classified as mild intermittent, mild persistent, and moderate/severe persistent groups according to the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program recommendations. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify the associated factors for greater asthma severity. Results Mild persistent asthma was most prevalent (39.0%), followed by mild intermittent (37.6%), moderate persistent (22.8%), and severe persistent asthma (0.6%). Onset later than 6 years of age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.69 for mild persistent asthma; aOR, 1.92 for moderate/severe persistent asthma) tended to increase asthma severity. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (aOR, 1.53 for mild persistent asthma; aOR, 1.85 for moderate/severe persistent asthma), and current dog ownership with sensitization to dog dander (aOR, 5.86 for mild persistent asthma; aOR, 6.90 for moderate/severe persistent asthma) showed increasing trends with greater asthma severity. Lower maternal education levels (aOR, 2.32) and no usage of an air purifier in exposure to high levels of outdoor air pollution (aOR, 1.76) were associated with moderate/severe persistent asthma. Conclusions Modification of identified environmental factors associated with greater asthma severity might help better control childhood asthma, thereby reducing the disease burden due to childhood asthma.
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- 2019
24. Asthma control test reflects not only lung function but also airway inflammation in children with stable asthma
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Jin Tack Kim, Eun Lee, Meeyong Shin, Jeom Kyu Lee, Hyung Young Kim, Gwang Cheon Jang, Youn Ho Shin, Hey Sung Baek, Sung Il Woo, Dong In Suh, Dae Hyun Lim, Minkyu Han, Hwan Soo Kim, Jinho Yu, Jisun Yoon, Young Yoo, Ju Suk Lee, Woo Sung Chang, Sungsu Jung, Woo Yeon Lee, Ju Hee Seo, Eunjin Eom, Hyeon Jong Yang, Dae Jin Song, Ji Won Kwon, and Woo Kyung Kim
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Spirometry ,Male ,Vital capacity ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Nitric Oxide ,Severity of Illness Index ,03 medical and health sciences ,Leukocyte Count ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,White blood cell ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Lung ,Asthma ,Inflammation ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,respiratory system ,Eosinophil ,Immunoglobulin E ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,C-Reactive Protein ,030228 respiratory system ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Exhaled nitric oxide ,Population study ,Methacholine ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Objective: Various numerical asthma control tools have been developed to distinguish different levels of symptom control. We aimed to examine whether the asthma control test (ACT) is reflective of objective findings such as lung function, fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and laboratory data in patients with stable asthma. Methods: We included patients who were enrolled in the Korean Childhood Asthma Study. ACT, spirometry, blood tests and FeNO were performed in patients after stabilization of their asthma. We examined differences among spirometry parameters, blood tests and FeNO according to control status as determined by ACT and investigated for any significant correlations. Results: The study population consisted of 441 subjects. Spirometry showed that forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of forced vital capacity and FEV1/forced vital capacity were all significantly higher in the controlled asthma group. Likewise, FeNO and percent-change in FEV1 were both significantly lower in the controlled asthma group. In blood tests, the eosinophil fraction was significantly lower in the controlled asthma group while white blood cell count was significantly higher in the controlled asthma group. Lastly, among the various factors analyzed, only provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in FEV1 significantly correlated with ACT score. Conclusion: ACT is useful as part of the routine evaluation of asthmatic children and should be used as a complement to existing tools such as spirometry and FeNO measurement.
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- 2019
25. Korean childhood asthma study (KAS): a prospective, observational cohort of Korean asthmatic children
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Ju Suk Lee, Youn Ho Shin, Hey Sung Baek, Hyeon Jong Yang, Minkyu Han, Jisun Yoon, Young Yoo, Jin Tack Kim, Hyung Young Kim, Dae Jin Song, Sung Il Woo, Ju Hee Seo, Woo Kyung Kim, Ji Won Kwon, Dong In Suh, Dae Hyun Lim, Eunjin Eom, Eun Lee, Jeom Kyu Lee, Jinho Yu, Gwang Cheon Jang, Woo Sung Chang, Hwan Soo Kim, Sungsu Jung, and Meeyong Shin
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Spirometry ,Male ,Allergy ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Exacerbation ,Adolescent ,Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ,Disease ,Bronchial Provocation Tests ,03 medical and health sciences ,Study Protocol ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Cluster Analysis ,Humans ,Multicenter Studies as Topic ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Child ,Asthma ,lcsh:RC705-779 ,Korea ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Prospective ,Observational Studies as Topic ,030228 respiratory system ,Cluster ,Child, Preschool ,Cohort ,Disease Progression ,Observational study ,Female ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
Background Asthma is a syndrome composed of heterogeneous disease entities. Although it is agreed that proper asthma endo-typing and appropriate type-specific interventions are crucial in the management of asthma, little data are available regarding pediatric asthma. Methods We designed a cluster-based, prospective, observational cohort study of asthmatic children in Korea (Korean childhood Asthma Study [KAS]). A total of 1000 Korean asthmatic children, aged from 5 to 15 years, will be enrolled at the allergy clinics of the 19 regional tertiary hospitals from August 2016 to December 2018. Physicians will verify the relevant histories of asthma and comorbid diseases, as well as airway lability from the results of spirometry and bronchial provocation tests. Questionnaires regarding subjects’ baseline characteristics and their environment, self-rating of asthma control, and laboratory tests for allergy and airway inflammation will be collected at the time of enrollment. Follow-up data regarding asthma control, lung function, and environmental questionnaires will be collected at least every 6 months to assess outcome and exacerbation-related aggravating factors. In a subgroup of subjects, peak expiratory flow rate will be monitored by communication through a mobile application during the overall study period. Cluster analysis of the initial data will be used to classify Korean pediatric asthma patients into several clusters; the exacerbation and progression of asthma will be assessed and compared among these clusters. In a subgroup of patients, big data-based deep learning analysis will be applied to predict asthma exacerbation. Discussion Based on the assumption that asthma is heterogeneous and each subject exhibits a different subset of risk factors for asthma exacerbation, as well as a different disease progression, the KAS aims to identify several asthma clusters and their essential determinants, which are more suitable for Korean asthmatic children. Thereafter we may suggest cluster-specific strategies by focusing on subjects’ personalized aggravating factors during each exacerbation episode and by focusing on disease progression. The KAS will provide a good academic background with respect to each interventional strategy to achieve better asthma control and prognosis.
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- 2019
26. Clinical characteristics and etiologies of bronchiectasis in Korean children: A multicenter retrospective study
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Ji-Won Kwon, Jung Yeon Shim, Bong Seong Kim, Eun Lee, Young Min Ahn, Young Suh Kim, Jin A Jung, Ja Hyeong Kim, Myung Chul Hyun, Hwan Soo Kim, Yang Park, So-Yeon Lee, Hyung Young Kim, Sungsu Jung, Eun Hee Chung, Gwang Cheon Jang, Soo Young Lee, Yun Jung Choi, Ju Hee Seo, Jin Tack Kim, Kyunguk Jeong, Yoon Ha Hwang, Dong In Suh, Yoon Young Jang, Joongbum Cho, Mi Hee Lee, Man Young Han, Moo Young Oh, In Suk Sol, Soo-Jong Hong, Minyoung Jung, Ahn Ji Young, Kyung Suk Baek, Meeyong Shin, and Hyeon-Jong Yang
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Lung Diseases ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Fever ,Heart Diseases ,Bronchiolitis obliterans ,Recurrence ,Forced Expiratory Volume ,Republic of Korea ,Medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Bronchiolitis Obliterans ,Respiratory Tract Infections ,Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ,Retrospective Studies ,Bronchiectasis ,Lung ,business.industry ,Respiratory infection ,Retrospective cohort study ,Pneumonia ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Respiratory Function Tests ,Chronic cough ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Dyspnea ,Cough ,Child, Preschool ,Etiology ,Primary immunodeficiency ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background Bronchiectasis is a chronic pulmonary disease characterized by progressive and irreversible bronchial dilatation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the etiologies and clinical features of bronchiectasis in Korean children. Methods We performed a retrospective review of the medical records for children diagnosed with bronchiectasis between 2000 and 2017 at 28 secondary or tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Results A total of 387 cases were enrolled. The mean age at diagnosis was 9.2 ± 5.1 years and 53.5% of the patients were boys. The most common underlying cause of bronchiectasis was preexisting respiratory infection (55.3%), post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (14.3%), pulmonary tuberculosis (12.3%), and heart diseases (5.6%). Common initial presenting symptoms included chronic cough (68.0%), recurrent pneumonia (36.4%), fever (31.1%), and dyspnea (19.7%). The most predominantly involved lesions were left lower lobe (53.9%), right lower lobe (47.1%) and right middle lobe (40.2%). No significant difference was observed in the distribution of these involved lesions by etiology. The forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) levels were lowest in cases with interstitial lung disease-associated bronchiectasis, followed by those with recurrent aspiration and primary immunodeficiency. Conclusions Bronchiectasis should be strongly considered in children with chronic cough and recurrent pneumonia. Long-term follow-up studies on pediatric bronchiectasis are needed to further clarify the prognosis and reduce the disease burden in these patients.
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- 2018
27. A Multicenter Retrospective Case Study of Anaphylaxis Triggers by Age in Korean Children
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Gwang Cheon Jang, You Hoon Jeon, Kyung Won Kim, Yong Mean Park, Hyeon Jong Yang, Ji Won Kwon, Kyu-Earn Kim, Jinho Yu, Myung Hyun Sohn, Hyung Young Kim, Dong In Suh, So-Yeon Lee, Jihyun Kim, Soo Young Lee, Kangmo Ahn, Young Min Ahn, Woo Kyung Kim, Jung Hyun Kwon, Bok Yang Pyun, Taek Ki Min, Yong Ju Lee, Hae Ran Lee, Soo-Jong Hong, Tae Won Song, Hye Yung Yum, Hye Young Kim, Jin Tack Kim, Hyun Hee Kim, Sung-Won Kim, and Jeong Hee Kim
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.drug_class ,Immunology ,Antibiotics ,Milk allergy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Age groups ,children ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Anaphylaxis ,Radiocontrast Media ,business.industry ,Medical record ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,030228 respiratory system ,Original Article ,epidemiology ,business - Abstract
PURPOSE Although anaphylaxis is recognized as an important, life-threatening condition, data are limited regarding its triggers in different age groups. We aimed to identify anaphylaxis triggers by age in Korean children. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of medical records for children diagnosed with anaphylaxis between 2009 and 2013 in 23 secondary or tertiary hospitals in South Korea. RESULTS A total of 991 cases (mean age=5.89±5.24) were reported, with 63.9% involving patients younger than 6 years of age and 66% involving male children. Food was the most common anaphylaxis trigger (74.7%), followed by drugs and radiocontrast media (10.7%), idiopathic factors (9.2%), and exercise (3.6%). The most common food allergen was milk (28.4%), followed by egg white (13.6%), walnut (8.0%), wheat (7.2%), buckwheat (6.5%), and peanut (6.2%). Milk and seafood were the most common anaphylaxis triggers in young and older children, respectively. Drug-triggered anaphylaxis was observed more frequently with increasing age, with antibiotics (34.9%) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (17.9%) being the most common causes. CONCLUSIONS The most common anaphylaxis trigger in Korean children was food. Data on these triggers show that their relative frequency may vary by age.
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- 2016
28. Association between menarche and increased bronchial hyper-responsiveness during puberty in female children and adolescents
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Young Ho Jung, Song I. Yang, Eun-Jin Kim, Ji Won Kwon, Young-Ho Kim, Joo Shil Lee, Jung Yeon Shim, Dae Jin Song, So-Yeon Lee, Hyo Bin Kim, Woo Kyung Kim, Ju Hee Seo, Hyun-Ju Cho, Soo-Jong Hong, Gwang Cheon Jang, Hyung Young Kim, and E.S. Lee
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Hyper responsiveness ,medicine.disease ,Logistic regression ,Atopy ,03 medical and health sciences ,FEV1/FVC ratio ,0302 clinical medicine ,030228 respiratory system ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Menarche ,medicine ,Sexual maturity ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Demography ,Asthma ,Pediatric population - Abstract
Summary Purpose Bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) is a key feature of asthma. The degree of BHR in children may be altered by several factors. We evaluated the prevalence of BHR according to age and gender in pediatric and adolescent population and analyzed the associated factors for gender differences. Methods Among the 2,067 subjects, methacholine challenge tests were performed in 1,820 children from one elementary and one middle school in Seoul, Korea. A total of 1,725 subjects between 6 and 14 years old were included in the analysis. The prevalence of BHR, defined as a provocative concentration that induced a 20% reduction of FEV1 (PC20) that was less than 8 mg/ml, was evaluated according to age and gender. Gender differences associated with BHR prevalence at each age were calculated and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with BHR by gender. Results The prevalence of BHR (PC20 ≤ 8 mg/ml) for each gender decreased with age (P
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- 2016
29. Risk Factors and Comorbidities Associated With the Allergic Rhinitis Phenotype in Children According to the ARIA Classification
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Jin A Jung, Woo Sung Chang, Eun Lee, Jeom Kyu Lee, You Sook Youn, Soo Jong Hong, Jisun Yoon, Sungsu Jung, Ji Won Kwon, Hai Lee Chung, Myung Hee Kook, Nam Hee Do, Hwa Jin Cho, Hyang Ok Woo, Ja Hyeong Kim, Song I. Yang, Dong In Suh, Hyejoo Cho, So-Yeon Lee, Hyung Young Kim, Hyun-Ju Cho, Sung Il Woo, Young Ho Kim, Hye Ryoung Yi, Yong Han Sun, Kang Seo Park, and Gwang Cheon Jang
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,phenotype ,prevalence ,Immunology ,Population ,Provocation test ,Allergic rhinitis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,cohort study ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Risk factor ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,education ,Asthma ,child ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,bronchial hyperreactivity ,classification ,risk factor ,030228 respiratory system ,Bronchial hyperresponsiveness ,Cohort ,Original Article ,business ,Cohort study - Abstract
Purpose Data are lacking on the association between the allergic rhinitis (AR) phenotype and sensitization to specific allergens or bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in children. We here investigated risk factors and comorbidities, including sensitization to specific allergens and BHR, for the AR phenotype by AR and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) classification in a general population-based birth cohort study. Methods We enrolled 606 children aged 7 years from the Panel Study of Korean Children. The AR phenotype was assigned in accordance with the ARIA classification in children. Skin prick tests and Provocholine provocation test were performed. Risk factors and comorbidities for AR phenotypes were then analyzed. Results The prevalence of mild and moderate to severe AR in our study cohort was 37.2% and 8.8%, respectively. Recent use of analgesics or antipyretics and current cat ownership were associated with the risk of mild persistent AR. Sensitizations to Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus (Der p), Japanese hop and cat were associated with moderate to severe persistent AR. Children with moderate to severe AR had a higher risk of current asthma and BHR compared to mild AR cases (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.77-15.62). Moderate to severe AR with allergic sensitization was associated with the highest risk of BHR (aOR, 11.77; 95% CI, 3.40-40.74). Conclusions Moderate to severe-persistent AR is more closely related to respiratory comorbidities and sensitizations than mild AR. Stratifying the AR phenotype by ARIA classification may assist in disease management.
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- 2020
30. Speech Basis Matrix Using Noise Data and NMF-Based Speech Enhancement Scheme
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Nam Soo Kim, Kisoo Kwon, and Hyung Young Kim
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Speech enhancement ,Voice activity detection ,Computer science ,Speech recognition ,Speech coding ,Source separation ,Linear predictive coding ,Speech processing ,Matrix decomposition ,Non-negative matrix factorization - Abstract
This paper presents a speech enhancement method using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). In the training phase, each basis matrix of source signal is obtained from a proper database, and these basis matrices are utilized for the source separation. In this case, the performance of speech enhancement relies heavily on the basis matrix. The proposed method for which speech basis matrix is made a high reconstruction error for noise signal shows a better performance than the standard NMF which basis matrix is trained independently. For comparison, we propose another method, and evaluate one of previous method. In the experiment result, the performance is evaluated by perceptual evaluation speech quality and signal to distortion ratio, and the proposed method outperformed the other methods. 논문 15-40-04-02 The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences '15-04 Vol.40 No.04 http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2015.40.4.619 619 ※ 이 논문은 2012년도 정부(교육과학기술부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(No. 2012R1A2A2A01045874). ※ 이 논문은 2014년도 대검찰청 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임. First Author : Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute of New Media and Communications, Seoul National University, kskwon@hi.snu.ac.kr, 학생회원 ° Corresponding Author : Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Institute of New Media and Communications, Seoul National University, nkim@snu.ac.kr, 종신회원 * 서울대학교 전기.정보공학부 및 뉴미디어통신공동연구소, hykim@hi.snu.ac.kr 논문번호:KICS2014-12-478, Received December 4, 2014; Revised March 13, 2015; Accepted April 15, 2015 The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences '15-04 Vol.40 No.04
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- 2015
31. The Association of Lung Function, Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness, and Exhaled Nitric Oxide Differs Between Atopic and Non-atopic Asthma in Children
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Eunhee Shim, Jinho Yu, Ju Hee Seo, Hyung Young Kim, Geun Mi Park, Young Ho Jung, Song I. Yang, and Eun Lee
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Immunology ,atopy ,Nitric oxide ,Pathogenesis ,Atopy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,immune system diseases ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Asthma ,child ,business.industry ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,lung function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness ,respiratory tract diseases ,chemistry ,Bronchial hyperresponsiveness ,Exhaled nitric oxide ,exhaled nitric oxide ,Methacholine ,Original Article ,Airway ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
PURPOSE Although many previous studies have attempted to identify differences between atopic asthma (AA) and non-atopic asthma (NAA), they have mainly focused on the difference of each variable of lung function and airway inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate relationships between lung function, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), and the exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) levels in children with AA and NAA. METHODS One hundred and thirty six asthmatic children aged 5-15 years and 40 normal controls were recruited. Asthma cases were classified as AA (n=100) or NAA (n=36) from skin prick test results. Lung function, BHR to methacholine and adenosine-5'-monophosphate (AMP), eNO, blood eosinophils, and serum total IgE were measured. RESULTS The AA and NAA cases shared common features including a reduced small airway function and increased BHR to methacholine. However, children with AA showed higher BHR to AMP and eNO levels than those with NAA. When the relationships among these variables in the AA and NAA cases were evaluated, the AA group showed significant relationships between lung function, BHR to AMP or methacholine and eNO levels. However, the children in the NAA group showed an association between small airway function and BHR to methacholine only. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the pathogenesis of NAA may differ from that of AA during childhood in terms of the relationship between lung function, airway inflammation and BHR.
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- 2015
32. A Novel Mutation in CD40LG Gene Causing X-Linked Hyper IgM Syndrome
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Tae Min Um, Hyung Young Kim, and Hee Ju Park
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0301 basic medicine ,030201 allergy ,X-Linked Hyper IgM Syndrome ,biology ,business.industry ,Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Type 1 ,Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome ,CD40LG gene ,Virology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immunoglobulin M ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Mutation (genetic algorithm) ,Mutation ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,Humans ,CD40 Antigens ,business ,Novel mutation - Published
- 2017
33. Association between Recent Acetaminophen Use and Asthma: Modification by Polymorphism at TLR4
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Young Ho Jung, Seung Hwa Lee, Kang Seo Park, Ji Won Kwon, Hee-Suk Kim, Young Joon Kim, Hyung Young Kim, Ha Jung Kim, So-Yeon Lee, Kyungmo Hong, Ju Hee Seo, Hyo Bin Kim, Byoung Ju Kim, Soo-Jong Hong, Ho Sung Yu, and Mi Jin Kang
- Subjects
Male ,Risk ,Adolescent ,Genotype ,Cross-sectional study ,Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness ,Immunoglobulin E ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Immunology, Allergic Disorders & Rheumatology ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Family history ,Child ,Asthma ,Acetaminophen ,Inflammation ,biology ,business.industry ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,respiratory tract diseases ,Toll-Like Receptor 4 ,Eosinophils ,Oxidative Stress ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Bronchial hyperresponsiveness ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Original Article ,Gene-Environment Interaction ,Female ,Bronchial Hyperreactivity ,business ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The risk of asthma has been increasing in parallel with use of acetaminophen, which is a potential source of oxidative stress. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a critical role not only in innate immunity, but also in mediating reactive oxygen species induced inflammation. Therefore, we investigated associations between acetaminophen usage and TLR4 polymorphism on asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). The number of 2,428 elementary school children in Seoul and Jeongeup cities was recruited. Subjects who used acetaminophen with a family history of asthma had an increased risk of both asthma diagnosis ever and current asthma. Individuals with CT+TT genotypes at the TLR4 polymorphism, in combination with acetaminophen usage, also demonstrated an increased risk of asthma diagnosis ever (aOR, 2.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-3.92). Family history of asthma and acetaminophen usage were risk factors for BHR. Although TLR4 was not an independent risk factor for BHR, individuals with CT+TT genotypes at the TLR4 polymorphism had an increased risk of BHR when combined with acetaminophen usage (aOR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.03-2.94). In conclusion, acetaminophen usage may be associated with asthma and BHR in genetically susceptible subjects. This effect may be modified by polymorphism at TLR4. Graphical Abstract
- Published
- 2014
34. Reference Values and Determinants of Fractional Concentration of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Healthy Children
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Young Ho Jung, Gwang Cheon Jang, Hyung Young Kim, Ji Won Kwon, Soo-Jong Hong, So-Yeon Lee, Hyo-Bin Kim, Song I. Yang, Hyun-ju Cho, Byoung-Ju Kim, Ju Hee Seo, Jung Yeon Shim, Eun Lee, Dae Jin Song, and Woo Kyung Kim
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Pediatrics ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Airway inflammation ,reference value ,determinants ,healthy ,respiratory system ,Gastroenterology ,Nitric oxide ,respiratory tract diseases ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,children ,Reference values ,Internal medicine ,Exhaled nitric oxide ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Original Article ,FeNO ,business ,Reference standards - Abstract
Purpose Measurement of the fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a quantitative, noninvasive, simple, safe method of assessing airway inflammation. While FeNO measurement has been standardized, reference values for elementary school children are scarce. The aim of this study was to establish reference values for FeNO in children. Methods FeNO was measured in elementary school children at 6-12 years of age in Seoul, Korea, following American Thoracic Society guidelines and using a chemiluminescence analyzer (NIOX Exhaled Nitric Oxide Monitoring System, Aerocrine, Sweden). A total of 1,252 children completed a modified International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Children (ISAAC) questionnaire; FeNO was measured in 1,063 children according to the protocol and in 808 children defined as healthy controls. Results Mean FeNO were 10.32 ppb, 16.58 ppb, and 12.36 ppb in non-atopic, atopic, and all 808 healthy controls, respectively. FeNO was not associated with age and gender. The FeNO reference equations were determined by multiple linear regression analysis, taking into account the variables of age, height, weight, total IgE, eosinophil percent, and bronchial hyper-responsiveness (methacholine PC20). FeNO=0.776+0.003×total IgE+0.340×eosinophil percent; coefficient of determination (R2)=0.084 in the 501 healthy non-atopic controls. FeNO=-18.365+1.536×eosinophil percent, R2=0.183 in the 307 healthy atopic controls; and FeNO=-7.888+0.130×Height+0.004×total IgE+1.233×eosinophil percent, R2=0.209 in the 808 all healthy controls. Eosinophil percent was correlated with FeNO in all healthy controls. FeNO was not associated with BMI. Conclusion This study provides reference values for FeNO that can be used to evaluate airway inflammation in elementary school children. Determinants that could most accurately predict FeNO in healthy school-age children were assessed.
- Published
- 2014
35. A multicenter study on anaphylaxis caused by peanut, tree nuts, and seeds in children and adolescents
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Taek Ki Min, Jeong Hee Kim, Yoon Hee Kim, Kyu-Earn Kim, Hyung Young Kim, Myung Hyun Sohn, Hae-Ran Lee, Kyung Won Kim, Dong In Suh, Jung Hyun Kwon, Ji-Won Kwon, Kyunguk Jeong, B. Pyun, Jihyun Kim, Soo Young Lee, So-Yeon Lee, Kangmo Ahn, Tae Won Song, You Hoon Jeon, and Young Min Ahn
- Subjects
Nut ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.drug_class ,Immunology ,Immunoglobulin E ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Food allergy ,030225 pediatrics ,Internal medicine ,Bronchodilator ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Child ,Anaphylaxis ,biology ,business.industry ,Infant ,Allergens ,medicine.disease ,University hospital ,Surgery ,Epinephrine ,030228 respiratory system ,Multicenter study ,Child, Preschool ,Seeds ,biology.protein ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug ,Nut and Peanut Hypersensitivity - Abstract
Peanut (PN) and tree nuts (TNs) are common causes of anaphylaxis in Western countries, but no information is available in Korea. To feature clinical characteristics of anaphylaxis caused by PN, TNs, and seeds, a retrospective medical record review was performed in 14 university hospitals in Korea (2009-2013). One hundred and twenty-six cases were identified, with the mean age of 4.9 years. PN, walnut (WN), and pine nut accounted for 32.5%, 41.3%, and 7.1%, respectively. The median values of specific IgE (sIgE) to PN, WN, and pine nut were 10.50, 8.74, and 4.61 kUA /l, respectively. Among 50 cases managed in the emergency department, 52.0% were treated with epinephrine, 66.0% with steroid, 94.0% with antihistamines, 36.0% with oxygen, and 48.0% with bronchodilator. In conclusion, WN, PN, and pine nut were the three most common triggers of anaphylaxis in Korean children, and anaphylaxis could occur at remarkably low levels of sIgE.
- Published
- 2016
36. Association of atopy phenotypes with new development of asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in school-aged children
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Ji Won Kwon, Si Hyeon Lee, Young Ho Jung, Ho Jang Kwon, Hyung Young Kim, So-Yeon Lee, Eun Lee, Young-Ho Kim, Jisun Yoon, Ju Hee Seo, Soo-Jong Hong, Hyo Bin Kim, Song I. Yang, and Hyun-Ju Cho
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Hypersensitivity, Immediate ,Male ,Immunology ,Comorbidity ,medicine.disease_cause ,Atopy ,03 medical and health sciences ,Leukocyte Count ,0302 clinical medicine ,Allergen ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Odds Ratio ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Child ,Sensitization ,Asthma ,Skin Tests ,biology ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Odds ratio ,Allergens ,Immunoglobulin E ,medicine.disease ,Alternaria ,biology.organism_classification ,Respiratory Function Tests ,Eosinophils ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Phenotype ,030228 respiratory system ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Bronchial hyperresponsiveness ,Population Surveillance ,Female ,Bronchial Hyperreactivity ,business - Abstract
Background Although previous studies have investigated the association between atopy phenotypes and allergic diseases, atopy characterizations in association with the development of allergic diseases remain poorly understood. Objective To identify atopy phenotypes in school-age children and to evaluate the association between atopy phenotypes and allergic diseases. Methods We enrolled 616 children with atopy defined as 1 or more positive allergen responses on skin prick tests and 665 children without atopy from the Children's Health and Environmental Research (CHEER) study. All children were followed up for 4 years at 2-year intervals. Atopy phenotypes were classified using latent class analysis. Results Four atopy phenotypes were characterized: later sensitization to indoor allergens (cluster 1); multiple early sensitization (cluster 2); early sensitization to outdoor allergens, especially Alternaria , and later sensitization to indoor allergens, including Aspergillus (cluster 3); and early sensitization to indoor allergens and later sensitization to outdoor allergens (cluster 4). New cases of asthma during follow-up were increased in clusters 2 and 3 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.76 and 4.25, respectively). The risk of new-onset bronchial hyperresponsiveness was highest in cluster 3 (aOR, 5.03). Clusters 2 and 4 had an increased risk of allergic rhinitis (aOR, 7.21 and 2.37, respectively). Conclusion Identification of atopy phenotypes facilitates prediction of the development of asthma and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in school-age children. Our study suggests prevention of additional sensitization is required to modify the progression of allergic diseases.
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- 2016
37. Persistent asthma phenotype related with late-onset, high atopy, and low socioeconomic status in school-aged Korean children
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Eun Lee, Soo-Jong Hong, Song I. Yang, Hyung Young Kim, Jisun Yoon, Hyo Bin Kim, Si Hyeon Lee, Ju Hee Seo, Ho Jang Kwon, Young-Ho Kim, Young Ho Jung, Hyun-Ju Cho, Ji Won Kwon, and So-Yeon Lee
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Hypersensitivity, Immediate ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Late onset ,Disease cluster ,Affect (psychology) ,Pulmonary function testing ,Atopy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,immune system diseases ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Age of Onset ,Child ,Socioeconomic status ,Children ,Asthma ,Schools ,business.industry ,Immunoglobulin E ,medicine.disease ,Latent class model ,respiratory tract diseases ,Respiratory Function Tests ,Phenotype ,030228 respiratory system ,Social Class ,Disease Progression ,Female ,business ,Biomarkers ,Follow-Up Studies ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Treatment guidelines for asthma have been established based on asthma severity; there are limitations in the identification of underlying pathophysiology and prediction of prognosis in heterogeneous phenotypes of asthma. Although the complex interactions between environmental and genetic factors affect the development and progression of asthma, studies on asthma phenotypes considering environmental factors are limited. This study aimed to identify asthma phenotypes using latent class analysis including environmental factors in school-age children. Methods We included 235 children (6–8 years) with parent-reported, physician-diagnosed asthma from the Children’s HEalth and Environmental Research (CHEER) study, which is a 4-year prospective follow-up study with 2-year intervals. At every survey, pulmonary function tests, methacholine challenge tests and blood tests with questionnaire were conducted. Results Four asthma phenotypes were identified. Cluster 1 (22% of children) was characterized by high prevalence of atopy and mild symptoms; subjects in cluster 2 (17%) consisted of less atopy and normal lung function, but intermittent troublesome; cluster 3 (29%) experienced late-onset atopic troublesome asthma with decreased lung function in combination with low socioeconomic status; and cluster 4 was associated with early-onset and less-atopic infrequent asthma. Conclusions Late-onset, high atopy, and low socioeconomic status are associated with troublesome persistent asthma phenotype in school-age children. Environmental factors might be implicated in the clinical heterogeneity of asthma. Asthma phenotypes considering diverse factors might be more helpful in the identification of asthma pathogenesis and its prevention. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12890-017-0387-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2016
38. Indoor pet ownership in infancy is a risk factor for the development of sensitization to pets and asthma in childhood
- Author
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Sungsu Jung, Soo Ran Noh, So-Yeon Lee, Jisun Yoon, Hyun-Ju Cho, Young-Ho Kim, Dong In Suh, Song-I Yang, Ji-won Kwon, Gwang Cheon Jang, Yong Han Sun, Sung-Il Woo, You-Sook Youn, Kang Seo Park, Eun Lee, Hwa Jin Cho, Myung-Hee Kook, Hye Ryoung Yi, Hai Lee Chung, Ja Hyeong Kim, Hyung Young Kim, Jin A Jung, Hyang-Ok Woo, and Soo-Jong Hong
- Subjects
Spirometry ,Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Medical record ,Protective factor ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030228 respiratory system ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Sensitization ,Asthma - Abstract
Purpose: It is controversial whether indoor pet exposure is either a risk or protective factor developing sensitization to pet allergens or asthma. Therefore, we investigated whether indoor pet ownership entails a risk for the development of asthma and sensitization in childhood. Methods: The Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC) is a general-population-based birth cohort study that recruited 2,078 mother-baby dyads in Korea between April and July of 2008. Among 1,577 children who were followed up in 2015, 559 underwent skin prick tests, spirometry and bronchial provocation tests using Provocholine. Having a cat or a dog and the prevalence of asthma were evaluated by using self-reported questionnaires and physicians’ medical records. Results: During infancy, the rate of dog ownership was 4.5% (71 of 1,574) and that of cat ownership was 0.5% (8 of 1,574). Of the subjects, 7.9% (n=109) currently had at least 1 dog and 2.5% (n=34) had at least 1 cat. Pet ownership during infancy was associated with sensitization to cats or dogs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29-13.98), wheezing within 12 months (aOR, 5.56; 95% CI, 1.65-18.75) and current asthma (wheezing episode in the last 12 months+diagnosed asthma by physi cians) (aOR, 6.36; 95% CI, 1.54-26.28). In contrast, pet ownership during the last 12 months was not associated with sensitization to cats or dogs or current asthma. Conclusion: Indoor pet exposure during infancy can be critical for developing sensitization to cats or dogs and asthma in childhood. Avoidance of pet exposure in early life may reduce sensitization to cats or dogs and development of asthma. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2019;7:99-105)
- Published
- 2019
39. Seasonal patterns and etiologies of croup in children during the period 2010–2015: A multicenter retrospective study
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Gwang Cheon Jang, Young Min Ahn, Jung Yeon Shim, In Suk Sol, Kyung Suk Lee, Sangyoung Kim, Hai Lee Chung, Yoon Young Jang, Chang-Keun Kim, Hyo Bin Kim, Eun Hee Chung, Hea Lin Oh, Man Yong Han, Chorong Park, Hyeon-Jong Yang, Bong Seong Kim, Min Seob Song, Sung Min Choi, Yong Ju Lee, Cheol Hong Kim, Yunsun Kim, Jin-Tack Kim, Jinho Yu, Ju Suk Lee, Ju Hee Seo, Eun Lee, Myongsoon Sung, Dae Jin Song, Yun Jung Choi, and Hyung Young Kim
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,business.industry ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,Human coronavirus ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,030228 respiratory system ,Interquartile range ,030225 pediatrics ,Croup ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Etiology ,Rhinovirus ,business ,Asthma - Abstract
Purpose: Croup is known to have epidemics in seasonal and biennial trends, and to be strongly associated with epidemics of para influenza virus. However, seasonal and annual epidemics of croup have not been clearly reported in Korea. This study aimed to ex amine the seasonal/annual patterns and etiologies of childhood croup in Korea during a consecutive 6-year period. Methods: Pediatric croup data were collected from 23 centers in Korea from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2015. Electronic medi cal records, including multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results, demographics and clinical informa tion were cross-sectionally reviewed and analyzed. Results: Overall, 2,598 childhood croup patients requiring hospitalization were identified during the study period. Among them, a total of 927 who underwent RT-PCR were included in the analysis. Males (61.5%) predominated, and most (63.0%) of them were younger than 2 years of age (median, 19 months; interquartile range, 11-31 months). Peak hospitalization occurred in 2010 and 2012 in even-numbered years, and parainfluenza virus (PIV, 39.7%) was the most common cause of childhood croup requiring hos pitalization, followed by respiratory syncytial virus (14.9%), human rhinovirus (12.5%), Mycoplasma pneumonaie (10.6%), and human coronavirus (7.3%). Conclusion: It is concluded that croup hospitalization has a biennial pattern in even-numbered years. PIV may be the most com mon cause of childhood croup; however, croup epidemics could be attributed to other viruses. (Allergy Asthma Respir Dis 2019;7:78-85)
- Published
- 2019
40. The relationship between asthma and bronchiolitis is modified by TLR4, CD14, and IL-13 polymorphisms
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Hyung Young Kim, Ju Hee Seo, Gwang Cheon Jang, Soo-Jong Hong, Ji Won Kwon, Dae Jin Song, So-Yeon Lee, Woo Kyung Kim, Hyo Bin Kim, Young Ho Jung, Jung Yeon Shim, and Byoung Ju Kim
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,business.industry ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Bronchiolitis ,Polymorphism (computer science) ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Interleukin 13 ,medicine ,Family history ,Risk factor ,business ,Asthma - Abstract
Summary Background Asthma is a complex genetic disorder that is associated with both genetic and environmental factors. The aim of study was to investigate the combined effect of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), and interleukin-13 (IL-13) polymorphisms and bronchiolitis in the development of childhood asthma. Methods A modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire was used to survey 1,341 elementary school children and 919 nursery children in Seoul, Korea. TLR4 (rs1927911), CD14 (rs2569190), and IL-13 (rs20541) polymorphisms were genotyped by the TaqMan assay. Results In elementary school and nursery children, parental history of asthma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.56 [95% CI 1.16–5.63], aOR 3.60 [95% CI 1.66–7.76], respectively), and past history of bronchiolitis (aOR 3.11 [95% CI 1.84–5.24], aOR 3.94 [95% CI 2.27–6.84], respectively) were independent risk factors for asthma diagnosis. When compared to children with each CC of TLR4 polymorphism or TT of CD14 polymorphism or GG of IL13 polymorphism and no past history of bronchiolitis, children with CT or TT of TLR4 polymorphism and past history of bronchiolitis had 4.23 and 5.34 times higher risk to develop asthma, respectively; children with TT of CD14 polymorphism and past history of bronchiolitis had 3.57 and 7.22 times higher risk for asthma, respectively; children with GA or AA of IL-13 polymorphism and past history of bronchiolitis had 3.21 and 4.13 times higher risk for asthma, respectively. Conclusions Family history of asthma or allergic rhinitis and past history of bronchiolitis could be independent risk factors for the development of childhood asthma. The relationship between asthma and bronchiolitis is modified by the TLR4, CD14, and IL-13 polymorphisms in Korean children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2015; 50:8–16. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Published
- 2013
41. Association between cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and respiratory tract infections in the first 6 months of age in a Korean population: a birth cohort study (COCOA)
- Author
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Hee Jin Park, Dae Jin Song, Woo Kyung Kim, Eun Lee, Byoung Ju Kim, Hyo-Bin Kim, Ju Hee Seo, Pil Ryang Lee, Kyung Ju Lee, Ji Won Kwon, Soo Jong Hong, Kang Mo Ahn, Seo Ah Hong, Young Ho Jung, Ja Young Kwon, Kyung Won Kim, Jinho Yu, Bong Sung Kim, Gwang Cheon Jang, Soo-young Oh, So-Yeon Lee, Song I. Yang, Hyun Jong Yang, Dong In Suh, Hye Sung Won, Jung Yeon Shim, Hyung Young Kim, Suk-Joo Choi, Soo Young Lee, and Youn Ho Shin
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Vitamin d supplementation ,Respiratory tract infections ,Korean population ,business.industry ,lcsh:RJ1-570 ,Infant ,lcsh:Pediatrics ,Umbilical cord blood ,Cord blood ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Vitamin D and neurology ,Medicine ,Cohort studies ,Original Article ,Vitamin D ,Acute nasopharyngitis ,business ,Birth cohort ,Cohort study - Abstract
Purpose Previous studies suggest that the concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in cord blood may show an inverse association with respiratory tract infections (RTI) during childhood. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of 25(OH)D concentrations in cord blood on infant RTI in a Korean birth cohort. Methods The levels of 25(OH)D in cord blood obtained from 525 Korean newborns in the prospective COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and allergic diseases were examined. The primary outcome variable of interest was the prevalence of RTI at 6-month follow-up, as diagnosed by pediatricians and pediatric allergy and pulmonology specialists. RTI included acute nasopharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, otitis media, croup, tracheobronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. Results The median concentration of 25(OH)D in cord blood was 32.0 nmol/L (interquartile range, 21.4 to 53.2). One hundred and eighty neonates (34.3%) showed 25(OH)D concentrations less than 25.0 nmol/L, 292 (55.6%) showed 25(OH)D concentrations of 25.0-74.9 nmol/L, and 53 (10.1%) showed concentrations of ≥75.0 nmol/L. Adjusting for the season of birth, multivitamin intake during pregnancy, and exposure to passive smoking during pregnancy, 25(OH)D concentrations showed an inverse association with the risk of acquiring acute nasopharyngitis by 6 months of age (P for trend=0.0004). Conclusion The results show that 89.9% of healthy newborns in Korea are born with vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency (55.6% and 34.3%, respectively). Cord blood vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency in healthy neonates is associated with an increased risk of acute nasopharyngitis by 6 months of age. More time spent outdoors and more intensified vitamin D supplementation for pregnant women may be needed to prevent the onset of acute nasopharyngitis in infants.
- Published
- 2013
42. Clinical phenotypes of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in school-aged children
- Author
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Hyung Young Kim, Hyun-Ju Cho, Jisun Yoon, Eun Lee, Sungsu Jung, Ju Hee Seo, Soo Jong Hong, Young Ho Kim, Hyo Bin Kim, Ji Won Kwon, So-Yeon Lee, and Song I. Yang
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Longitudinal study ,Allergy ,Population ,Immunology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Prospective Studies ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Age of Onset ,Child ,Prospective cohort study ,education ,Sensitization ,Asthma ,education.field_of_study ,Korea ,business.industry ,Allergens ,Immunoglobulin E ,medicine.disease ,Rhinitis, Allergic ,Eosinophils ,Phenotype ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030228 respiratory system ,Bronchial hyperresponsiveness ,Bronchial Hyperreactivity ,Age of onset ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), one of the key features of asthma, has a diverse natural course in school-aged children, but studies on BHR phenotypes are lacking.To classify BHR phenotypes according to onset age and persistence in children and investigate the characteristics and factors associated with each phenotype in a longitudinal study.This study analyzed 1,305 elementary school children from the Children's Health and Environmental Research (CHEER) study, a 4-year, prospective, follow-up study with 2-year intervals starting at a mean age of 7years. Total serum IgE levels and blood eosinophil counts were measured, and allergy workup, including methacholine challenge tests with the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire, was performed at each survey.The 4 BHR phenotypes were classified as non-BHR (n = 942 [72.2%]), early-onset transient BHR (n = 201 [15.4%]), late-onset BHR (n = 87 [6.7%]), and early-onset persistent BHR (n = 75 [5.7%]). Early-onset persistent BHR is characterized by an increased eosinophil count, total serum IgE level, sensitization rate, decreased lung function, and increased risk of newly diagnosed asthma during follow-up (adjusted odds ratio, 3.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.70-8.88). The 2 early-onset phenotypes were associated with peripheral airway dysfunction. The late-onset BHR phenotype was related to increased risks of allergic rhinitis symptoms at baseline and later sensitization against inhalant allergens.The early-onset persistent BHR phenotype in school-aged children is associated with high atopic burden and increased risk of newly diagnosed asthma, whereas the late-onset BHR phenotype related with later sensitization and allergic rhinitis symptoms. Diverse BHR phenotypes in children have specific characteristics that require targeted follow-ups.
- Published
- 2018
43. Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide and wheezing phenotypes in preschool children
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Mi Ae Oh, Hyung Young Kim, Joo Shil Lee, Yee-Jin Shin, Soo-Jong Hong, Dae Jin Song, Sang Heon Cho, Jung Yeon Shim, Ju Hee Seo, Gwang Cheon Jang, Woo Kyung Kim, Hyo Bin Kim, Young Ho Jung, Jung Won Park, Byoung Ju Kim, Ha Jung Kim, Ji Won Kwon, and So-Yeon Lee
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,business.industry ,Exhalation ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Inflammatory mediator ,Nitric oxide ,Atopy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Wheezing phenotypes ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Exhaled nitric oxide ,Immunology ,medicine ,business ,Airway ,Asthma - Abstract
Summary. Background: Asthma is a chronic lower airway inflammatory disease. Nitric oxide is an inflammatory mediator produced endogenously in the airway. Previous studies have demonstrated that the fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is increased in asthma. Objectives: To investigate if FeNO concentrations were correlated with wheezing phenotypes in
- Published
- 2012
44. Cord Blood Cellular Proliferative Response as a Predictive Factor for Atopic Dermatitis at 12 Months
- Author
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Suk-Joo Choi, Jinho Yu, Ja Young Kwon, Hee Jin Park, Hyo Bin Kim, Hye Sung Won, Hyung Young Kim, Ji Won Kwon, Soo-Jong Hong, Ju Hee Seo, Byoung Ju Kim, Kang Mo Ahn, Kyung Won Kim, Kyung Ju Lee, and Youn Ho Shin
- Subjects
Cellular Proliferative Response ,Adult ,Male ,Allergy ,Cord Blood ,Ovalbumin ,Atopic Dermatitis ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Interferon-gamma ,Immunology, Allergic Disorders & Rheumatology ,Sex Factors ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Pregnancy ,Risk Factors ,medicine ,Odds Ratio ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Phytohemagglutinins ,Cytokine ,Asthma ,Cell Proliferation ,Fetus ,Interleukin-13 ,business.industry ,Cesarean Section ,Risk Factor ,Cohort ,Infant ,General Medicine ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,Fetal Blood ,Cord blood ,Immunology ,Leukocytes, Mononuclear ,Original Article ,Female ,business - Abstract
Since the risk of developing allergic disease increases in individuals exposed to allergens previously, even during the neonatal period, the immunologic status of a fetus may be important in the subsequent development of allergy. We evaluated the fetal factors to predict atopic dermatitis (AD) at 12 months in 412 infants of a COhort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic Diseases (COCOA) in the general Korean population. Cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) were stimulated with ovalbumin and phytohemagglutinin and cellular proliferative response and concentrations of interleukin-13 and interferon-γ, were measured. The risk of developing AD was greater in boys than girls (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.26-3.09), infants delivered by cesarean section than vaginally (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.14-3.26) and infants with than without parental history of AD (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.29-4.24). The CBMC proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin stimulation was higher in infants with than without AD (P = 0.048), but no difference was observed in ovalbumin-stimulated cells (P = 0.771). Risk factors for the development of AD at 12 months include male gender, delivery by cesarean section and parental history of AD. Increased CBMC proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin stimulation may predict the development of AD at 12 months.
- Published
- 2012
45. Disseminated BCG pneumonitis revealing severe combined immunodeficiencyxs in CHARGE syndrome
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Hyung Young, Kim, Yoo-Mi, Kim, and Hee Ju, Park
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Heart Defects, Congenital ,Lung Diseases ,Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ,Infant ,Mycobacterium bovis ,Fatal Outcome ,Adjuvants, Immunologic ,Mutation ,BCG Vaccine ,Humans ,Abnormalities, Multiple ,Female ,Severe Combined Immunodeficiency ,CHARGE Syndrome ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Lung ,Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - Abstract
CHARGE (coloboma, heart defect, atresia choanae, retarded growth and development, genital hypoplasia, and ear anomalies/deafness) syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by CHD7 mutation and is related to immunodeficiency. A 6-month-old girl with right lung agenesis, congenital heart defects, and ear anomalies developed repeated and serious respiratory infection for a short period. She was clinically diagnosed with typical CHARGE syndrome with severe combined immunodeficiency (T-, B+, NK-); however, CHD7 mutation was not detected. Disseminated BCG infection did not resolve despite administration of anti-tuberculosis drugs and intravenous immune globulins, and she subsequently died of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:E4-E6. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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- 2016
46. A rhinitis phenotype associated with increased development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and asthma in children
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Young Ho Jung, Ho Jang Kwon, Byoung-Ju Kim, Soo-Jong Hong, Ji Won Kwon, Yeongho Kim, Song I. Yang, So-Yeon Lee, Hyun-Ju Cho, Ju Hee Seo, Hyo Bin Kim, Hyung Young Kim, Si Hyeon Lee, and E.S. Lee
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Immunology ,Atopy ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Republic of Korea ,Prevalence ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Humans ,Public Health Surveillance ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Child ,Socioeconomic status ,Asthma ,Rhinitis ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Immunoglobulin E ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Phenotype ,Latent class model ,Respiratory Function Tests ,030228 respiratory system ,Bronchial hyperresponsiveness ,Child, Preschool ,Cohort ,Female ,Bronchial Hyperreactivity ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) has a wide range of clinical features and may be accompanied by comorbid allergic diseases. Objective To identify rhinitis phenotypes in school aged children and to predict the prognosis for developing bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and asthma. Methods This prospective follow-up study involved schoolchildren from the Children's Health and Environment Research cohort with current rhinitis, which was defined based on parental-reported, physician-diagnosed rhinitis and symptoms of rhinitis in the previous 12 months. All participants were followed up at 2 and 4 years later. Rhinitis clusters were identified by latent class analysis that used demographic, clinical, and environmental variables. Results In 512 eligible children (age range, 6–8 years), 4 rhinitis phenotypes were identified: cluster 1 (25% of children) was associated with nonatopy and a low socioeconomic status; cluster 2 (36%) was associated with a high-atopic burden but normal lung function; cluster 3 (22%) was associated with a high-atopic burden and impaired lung function; and cluster 4 (17%) was associated with low atopy and a high socioeconomic status. Cluster 3 was associated with the highest total serum IgE levels and blood eosinophil percentages at enrollment and the highest incidence of new cases of BHR ( P = .04) and asthma symptoms ( P = .005) during follow-up. Conclusion The rhinitis cluster of schoolchildren with atopy and impaired lung function is associated with allergic march. This identification of distinct rhinitis phenotypes in affected children may help to prevent allergic march in children with rhinitis.
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- 2015
47. Interaction between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and variants at 17q12-21 on respiratory infections
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Youn Ho, Sheen, Eun, Lee, Mi-Jin, Kang, Ho-Sung, Yu, Kangmo, Ahn, Kyung Won, Kim, Song-I, Yang, Young-Ho, Jung, Kyung-Ju, Lee, Hyoung Yoon, Chang, Hye Lim, Shin, Kil Yong, Choi, Hyung Young, Kim, Ju-Hee, Seo, Ji-Won, Kwon, Byoung-Ju, Kim, Hyo-Bin, Kim, So-Yeon, Lee, Dong In, Suh, Hyeon-Jong, Yang, Suk-Joo, Choi, Soo-Young, Oh, Ja-Young, Kwon, Soo Hyun, Kim, Hye-Sung, Won, Eun-Jin, Kim, Jeom Kyu, Lee, and Soo-Jong, Hong
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Male ,Infant ,Fetal Blood ,Vitamin D Deficiency ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Risk Factors ,Odds Ratio ,Humans ,Female ,Disease Susceptibility ,Prospective Studies ,Vitamin D ,Respiratory Tract Infections ,Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 - Abstract
25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) deficiency and genetic variants at the 17q12-21 locus are independent risk factors for respiratory tract infections (RTIs). We aimed to investigate whether the effect of 25(OH)D at birth and 1 year of age and the polymorphism at the 17q12-21 locus, or interactions between these two factors, increase susceptibility to RTIs in the first year of life.We tested cord-blood (CB) 25(OH)D at birth and 1 year of age and genotypes of a variant at the 17q12-21 locus for associations with RTIs, particularly lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), and determined whether there exist interactions between 25(OH)D and 17q12-21 genotypes in a birth cohort of 473 infants.The levels of CB 25(OH)D inversely associate with development of RTIs and LRTIs during the first year of life. There exists an inverse association of 25(OH)D at birth, but not at 1 year, with the risk of acquiring LRTIs in early infancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.37; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23-4.60; P = 0.010 and aOR, 0.50; 95%CI: 0.23-1.12; P = 0.094). We have also found a significant interaction between CB 25(OH)D and a variant at the 17q12-21 locus with respect to the development of early LRTIs, such that associations between a variant at the 17q12-21 locus and LRTIs are restricted to infants with low CB 25(OH)D concentrations (P for interaction = 0.013). In addition, when infants with a variant at the 17q12-21 locus had been exposed to chronic 25(OH)D deficiency over the first year, their risk of LRTIs was increased.CB 25(OH)D deficiency during fetal life contribute to the development of LRTIs in genetically susceptible infants. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016; 51:958-967. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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- 2015
48. Mycoplasma pneumoniaepneumonia in children: Clinical characteristics and risk factors of refractory pneumonia by age
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Hyung Young Kim and Hee Ju Park
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0301 basic medicine ,Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,biology ,business.industry ,030106 microbiology ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,Ferritin ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Pneumonia ,Refractory ,chemistry ,Lactate dehydrogenase ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Medicine ,business ,Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia - Published
- 2018
49. Recurrent wheeze and its relationship with lung function and airway inflammation in preschool children: a cross-sectional study in South Korea
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Ji Eun Soh, Young Ho Jung, Ju Hee Seo, Soo-Jong Hong, Dae Jin Song, Woo Kyung Kim, Hyo Bin Kim, Hyung Young Kim, Jung Yeon Shim, Kyung Moon Kim, Gwang Cheon Jang, Ji Won Kwon, and So-Yeon Lee
- Subjects
Lung Diseases ,Male ,Spirometry ,Vital capacity ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Vital Capacity ,Nitric Oxide ,Atopy ,03 medical and health sciences ,FEV1/FVC ratio ,0302 clinical medicine ,Forced Expiratory Volume ,Wheeze ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Respiratory Sounds ,Asthma ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Research ,Paediatrics ,General Medicine ,Atopic dermatitis ,respiratory system ,asthma ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,030228 respiratory system ,Case-Control Studies ,Child, Preschool ,paediatric thoracic medicine ,Exhaled nitric oxide ,respiratory physiology ,Female ,epidemiology ,medicine.symptom ,Pulmonary Ventilation ,business - Abstract
BackgroundRelationship between recurrent wheeze and airway function and inflammation in preschool children is not fully known.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between recurrent wheeze and airway inflammation, lung function, airway hyper-reactivity (AHR) and atopy in preschool children.DesignObservational study, comparing forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and mid-forced expiratory flow (FEF25%–75%), dose–response slope (DRS), exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and atopic sensitisation between children with recurrent wheeze and those without.SettingPopulation-based, cross-sectional study in Seoul and the Gyeonggi province of Korea conducted as a government-funded programme to perform standardised measurement of the prevalence of allergic diseases, and related factors, in preschool children.Participants900 children aged 4–6 years.Primary and secondary outcome measureseNO, FEV1/FVC, FEF25%–75%, DRS, atopic sensitisation and allergic diseases.MethodsChildren completed the modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire and underwent eNO assessments, spirometry, methacholine bronchial provocation tests and skin prick tests. Recurrent wheeze was defined as having a lifetime wheeze of more than three episodes, based on the questionnaire. The frequency of hospitalisation and emergency room visits was also obtained by means of the questionnaire. ‘Current’ wheeze was defined as having symptoms or treatments within the past 12 months.ResultsThe prevalence of recurrent wheeze was 13.4%. Children with recurrent wheeze showed a higher prevalence of lifetime or current allergic rhinitis (p=0.01 and p=0.002, respectively) and lifetime atopic dermatitis (p=0.007). Children with recurrent wheeze showed lower FEV1/FVC (p=0.033) and FEF25%–75%(p=0.004), and higher eNO levels (p=0.013) than those without recurrent wheeze. However, the DRS, prevalence of atopic sensitisation and serum IgE levels were not significantly different between the two groups.ConclusionsRecurrent wheeze in preschool children may be associated with airway inflammation and diminished airway function, but not with AHR or atopy.
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- 2017
50. Association between menarche and increased bronchial hyper-responsiveness during puberty in female children and adolescents
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Young-Ho, Kim, Eun, Lee, Hyun-Ju, Cho, Song-I, Yang, Young-Ho, Jung, Hyung Young, Kim, Ju-Hee, Seo, Hyo-Bin, Kim, So-Yeon, Lee, Dae-Jin, Song, Woo-Kyung, Kim, Gwang-Cheon, Jang, Jung-Yeon, Shim, Eun-Jin, Kim, Joo-Shil, Lee, Ji-Won, Kwon, and Soo-Jong, Hong
- Subjects
Hypersensitivity, Immediate ,Male ,Menarche ,Adolescent ,Republic of Korea ,Humans ,Female ,Bronchial Hyperreactivity ,Child ,Asthma ,Bronchial Provocation Tests ,Methacholine Chloride - Abstract
Bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) is a key feature of asthma. The degree of BHR in children may be altered by several factors. We evaluated the prevalence of BHR according to age and gender in pediatric and adolescent population and analyzed the associated factors for gender differences.Among the 2,067 subjects, methacholine challenge tests were performed in 1,820 children from one elementary and one middle school in Seoul, Korea. A total of 1,725 subjects between 6 and 14 years old were included in the analysis. The prevalence of BHR, defined as a provocative concentration that induced a 20% reduction of FEVThe prevalence of BHR (PCBHR declined with age in the Korean pediatric population. A younger age and reduced lung function were common factors related to BHR in both genders. Additionally, atopy was related to BHR in males, whereas sexual maturation was related to BHR in females. These findings have important clinical implications for evaluating of childhood BHR and asthma related to gender. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1040-1047. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Published
- 2015
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