21 results on '"Hyun-Joo Ro"'
Search Results
2. Differential roles of GDF15 and FGF21 in systemic metabolic adaptation to the mitochondrial integrated stress response
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Seul Gi Kang, Min Jeong Choi, Saet-Byel Jung, Hyo Kyun Chung, Joon Young Chang, Jung Tae Kim, Yea Eun Kang, Ju Hee Lee, Hyun Jung Hong, Sang Mi Jun, Hyun-Joo Ro, Jae Myoung Suh, Hail Kim, Johan Auwerx, Hyon-Seung Yi, and Minho Shong
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Physiology ,Cell Biology ,Systems Biology ,Science - Abstract
Summary: Perturbation of mitochondrial proteostasis provokes cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous responses that contribute to homeostatic adaptation. Here, we demonstrate distinct metabolic effects of hepatic metabokines as cell non-autonomous factors in mice with mitochondrial OxPhos dysfunction. Liver-specific mitochondrial stress induced by a loss-of-function mutation in Crif1 (LKO) leads to aberrant oxidative phosphorylation and promotes the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. LKO mice are highly insulin sensitive and resistant to diet-induced obesity. The hepatocytes of LKO mice secrete large quantities of metabokines, including GDF15 and FGF21, which confer metabolic benefits. We evaluated the metabolic phenotypes of LKO mice with global deficiency of GDF15 or FGF21 and show that GDF15 regulates body and fat mass and prevents diet-induced hepatic steatosis, whereas FGF21 upregulates insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, and thermogenesis in white adipose tissue. This study reveals that the mitochondrial integrated stress response (ISRmt) in liver mediates metabolic adaptation through hepatic metabokines.
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- 2021
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3. Antibiotic treatment modulates protein components of cytotoxic outer membrane vesicles of multidrug-resistant clinical strain, Acinetobacter baumannii DU202
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Sung Ho Yun, Edmond Changkyun Park, Sang-Yeop Lee, Hayoung Lee, Chi-Won Choi, Yoon-Sun Yi, Hyun-Joo Ro, Je Chul Lee, Sangmi Jun, Hye-Yeon Kim, Gun-Hwa Kim, and Seung Il Kim
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Proteomics ,Acinetobacter baumannii ,Outer membrane vesicles ,Modulation by antibiotic treatment ,Medicine - Abstract
Abstract Background Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Acinetobacter baumannii are cytotoxic and elicit a potent innate immune response. OMVs were first identified in A. baumannii DU202, an extensively drug-resistant clinical strain. Herein, we investigated protein components of A. baumannii DU202 OMVs following antibiotic treatment by proteogenomic analysis. Methods Purified OMVs from A. baumannii DU202 grown in different antibiotic culture conditions were screened for pathogenic and immunogenic effects, and subjected to quantitative proteomic analysis by one-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (1DE-LC-MS/MS). Protein components modulated by imipenem were identified and discussed. Results OMV secretion was increased > twofold following imipenem treatment, and cytotoxicity toward A549 human lung carcinoma cells was elevated. A total of 277 proteins were identified as components of OMVs by imipenem treatment, among which β-lactamase OXA-23, various proteases, outer membrane proteins, β-barrel assembly machine proteins, peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerases and inherent prophage head subunit proteins were significantly upregulated. Conclusion In vitro stress such as antibiotic treatment can modulate proteome components in A. baumannii OMVs and thereby influence pathogenicity.
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- 2018
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4. Robust Optimization in Protein Fitness Landscapes Using Reinforcement Learning in Latent Space.
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Minji Lee, Luiz Felipe Vecchietti, Hyunkyu Jung, Hyun Joo Ro, Meeyoung Cha, and Ho Min Kim
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- 2024
5. Mitoribosome insufficiency in β cells is associated with type 2 diabetes-like islet failure
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Hyun Jung Hong, Kyong Hye Joung, Yong Kyung Kim, Min Jeong Choi, Seul Gi Kang, Jung Tae Kim, Yea Eun Kang, Joon Young Chang, Joon Ho Moon, Sangmi Jun, Hyun-Joo Ro, Yujeong Lee, Hyeongseok Kim, Jae-Hyung Park, Baeki E. Kang, Yunju Jo, Heejung Choi, Dongryeol Ryu, Chul-Ho Lee, Hail Kim, Kyu-Sang Park, Hyun Jin Kim, and Minho Shong
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Clinical Biochemistry ,Cell Cycle Proteins ,Biochemistry ,Mitochondrial Ribosomes ,Islets of Langerhans ,Mice ,Glucose ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Insulin-Secreting Cells ,Molecular Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Insulin ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
Genetic variations in mitoribosomal subunits and mitochondrial transcription factors are related to type 2 diabetes. However, the role of islet mitoribosomes in the development of type 2 diabetes has not been determined. We investigated the effects of the mitoribosomal gene on β-cell function and glucose homeostasis. Mitoribosomal gene expression was analyzed in datasets from the NCBI GEO website (GSE25724, GSE76894, and GSE76895) and the European Nucleotide Archive (ERP017126), which contain the transcriptomes of type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic organ donors. We found deregulation of most mitoribosomal genes in islets from individuals with type 2 diabetes, including partial downregulation of CRIF1. The phenotypes of haploinsufficiency in a single mitoribosomal gene were examined using β-cell-specific Crif1 (Mrpl59) heterozygous-deficient mice. Crif1beta+/− mice had normal glucose tolerance, but their islets showed a loss of first-phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. They also showed increased β-cell mass associated with higher expression of Reg family genes. However, Crif1beta+/− mice showed earlier islet failure in response to high-fat feeding, which was exacerbated by aging. Haploinsufficiency of a single mitoribosomal gene predisposes rodents to glucose intolerance, which resembles the early stages of type 2 diabetes in humans.
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- 2021
6. Thermochromic Polydiacetylene Nanotube from Amphiphilic Macrocyclic Diacetylene in Aqueous Solution
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Jong-Man Kim, Jung Moo Heo, Hyun Joo Ro, Jaegeun Noh, Youngji Son, Umesha Kundapur, Seulki Han, and Sangmi Jun
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Thermochromism ,Aqueous solution ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Diacetylene ,Organic Chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,Conjugated system ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Lower critical solution temperature ,0104 chemical sciences ,Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Dynamic light scattering ,Polymerization ,Materials Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Creation of tubular structures through the self-assembly of macrocyclic molecules has gained great attention in the chemical, biochemical, and material sciences. Through a designed introduction of two octaethylene oxide and two diacetylene moieties, we prepared a macrocycle MCDA–BisOEG, which is water-soluble and photopolymerizable and displays a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior. The hydrodynamic diameter of MCDA–BisOEG, measured by dynamic light scattering method, was ca. 6.5 nm at 25 °C and increased sharply to ca. 2 μm at temperatures above 34 °C (LCST). Below the LCST, the macrocycle in aqueous solution formed tubular structures, which upon UV irradiation generated blue conjugated polydiacetylene (PDA) nanotubes. The PDA nanotubes undergo a blue-to-red color change when heated above the LCST. No polymerization occurs above the LCST owing to the disordered aggregation of the diacetylene monomer. This is the first example of the preparation of a macrocycle-based, thermoresponsive, con...
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- 2019
7. Sulfisoxazole inhibits the secretion of small extracellular vesicles by targeting the endothelin receptor A
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Hyun Suk Jung, Jae Man Lee, Jooeun Lee, Jong-Sup Bae, Seung-Yong Seo, Taeg-Kyu Kwon, Jun-Goo Jee, Sangmi Jun, Hyun-Joo Ro, Byoung-Joon Song, Pyong-Gon Moon, Myeong-Seon Jeong, Byung-Heon Lee, Gunassekaran Gowri Rangaswamy, Eun-Ju Im, Keon-Wook Kang, Young-Eun Cho, Jaechul Lee, Moon-Chang Baek, Wonku Kang, and Chan-Hyeong Lee
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0301 basic medicine ,Endosome ,Science ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Exosome ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Article ,Metastasis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Secretion ,Receptor ,lcsh:Science ,Multidisciplinary ,Chemistry ,Cancer ,General Chemistry ,respiratory system ,medicine.disease ,Microvesicles ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,lcsh:Q ,Endothelin receptor - Abstract
Inhibitors of the secretion of cancer exosomes, which promote cancer progression and metastasis, may not only accelerate exosome biology research but also offer therapeutic benefits for cancer patients. Here we identify sulfisoxazole (SFX) as an inhibitor of small extracellular vesicles (sEV) secretion from breast cancer cells through interference with endothelin receptor A (ETA). SFX, an FDA-approved oral antibiotic, showed significant anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects in mouse models of breast cancer xenografts, the reduced expression of proteins involved in biogenesis and secretion of sEV, and triggered co-localization of multivesicular endosomes with lysosomes for degradation. We demonstrate the important role of ETA, as target of SFX, by gain- and loss-of-function studies of the ETA protein, through a direct binding assay, and pharmacological and genetic approaches. These findings may provide a foundation for sEV-targeted cancer therapies and the mechanistic studies on sEV biology., Extracellular vesicles are released from cells and permit communication between different cell types. Here, the authors identify that the FDA approved antibiotic sulfisoxazole, can block the release of these vesicles in breast cancer cells resulting in reduced cell growth in vitro and in vivo.
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- 2019
8. Biophysical restriction of growth area using a monodispersed gold sphere nanobarrier prolongs the mitotic phase in HeLa cells
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Jun-Min Kim, Seung Il Kim, Hyun-Joo Ro, Gaehang Lee, Gi-Ra Yi, Sangmi Jun, and Dae-Woong Jung
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biology ,Biocompatibility ,Chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Cell ,Nanoparticle ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,HeLa ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Colloidal gold ,medicine ,Biophysics ,Nanotopography ,0210 nano-technology ,Mitosis ,Cytokinesis - Abstract
Gold nanoparticles are widely exploited for biological and biotechnical applications owing to their stability, biocompatibility, and known effects on cellular behaviors. Many studies have focused on nanoparticles that are internalized into cells, but extracellular nanoparticles also can regulate cell behavior, a practice known as in-plane surface nanotopography. We demonstrated that nanobarriers composed of morphologically homogeneous gold nanospheres prolonged the mitotic (M) phase in the cervical cancer cell line HeLa without inducing apoptosis. The nanobarrier was formed by electrostatic deposition of nanospheres on a negatively charged, fibronectin-coated substrate. We tested the effects of differently sized nanospheres. Gold nanospheres 42 nm in diameter were found to be non-toxic, while 111 nm nanospheres induced the production of reactive oxygen species, resulting in apoptotic cell death and arrest of cytokinesis. When exposed to sufficient 83 nm gold nanospheres to fabricate a surface nanobarrier, the M phase was delayed but cells proceeded to cytokinesis and the G1 phase. Live-cell imaging showed that the M phase increased by 2.9 h, 2.4 times longer than in control cells. Biophysical analyses indicated that this could be attributed to the specific size of the nanobarrier that physically limited the growth area around the cell.
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- 2019
9. Ultrastructural visualization of Orientia tsutsugamushi in biopsied eschars and monocytes from scrub typhus patients in South Korea
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Ha Young Lee, Edmond Changkyun Park, Hyun-Joo Ro, Seung Il Kim, Sangmi Jun, and Chang-Seop Lee
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0301 basic medicine ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Orientia tsutsugamushi ,Biopsy ,030231 tropical medicine ,lcsh:Medicine ,Eschar ,Scrub typhus ,Biology ,Monocytes ,Article ,Double membrane ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,lcsh:Science ,Aged ,Skin ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,integumentary system ,lcsh:R ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Peripheral blood ,030104 developmental biology ,Scrub Typhus ,Ultrastructure ,Female ,lcsh:Q ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
Scrub typhus, which is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is a public health problem in the Asian-Pacific region and is the third most frequently reported infectious disease in South Korea. While ultrastructural studies have been performed on O. tsutsugamushi in murine fibroblasts, its variable locations in patients have hampered similar studies in humans. Two patients with scrub typhus agreed to provide an eschar biopsy and peripheral blood, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy was performed separately on the necrotic crust and perifocal skin of the eschar, the peripheral blood, and the infected murine L cells. O. tsutsugamushi was located within or adjacent to the outermost layer of the perifocal inflamed skin of the eschar but not in the necrotic centre. O. tsutsugamushi in peripheral blood monocytes exhibited the characteristic features of O. tsutsugamushi in L cells, namely, nearly round shaped bacteria with a size of 1–2 µm and a double membrane bearing a clear halo-like outer layer. The findings confirmed that the bacterium was predominantly located in the inflamed skin around the eschar and that the bacterium had the same ultrastructural features in human monocytes as in L cells. These findings suggest that the perifocal area, not the necrotic centre, should be sampled for diagnosis.
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- 2018
10. Differential roles of GDF15 and FGF21 in systemic metabolic adaptation to the mitochondrial integrated stress response
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Hyun-Joo Ro, Hyon-Seung Yi, Ju Hee Lee, Min Jeong Choi, Seul Gi Kang, Hyun Jung Hong, Sang Mi Jun, Hail Kim, Jae Myoung Suh, Yea Eun Kang, Minho Shong, Jung Tae Kim, Joon Young Chang, Saet-Byel Jung, Johan Auwerx, and Hyo Kyun Chung
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0301 basic medicine ,Multidisciplinary ,FGF21 ,Physiology ,Insulin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Systems Biology ,02 engineering and technology ,Oxidative phosphorylation ,White adipose tissue ,Cell Biology ,Biology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Article ,Cell biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Proteostasis ,Mitochondrial unfolded protein response ,medicine ,Integrated stress response ,lcsh:Q ,lcsh:Science ,0210 nano-technology ,Thermogenesis - Abstract
Summary Perturbation of mitochondrial proteostasis provokes cell autonomous and cell non-autonomous responses that contribute to homeostatic adaptation. Here, we demonstrate distinct metabolic effects of hepatic metabokines as cell non-autonomous factors in mice with mitochondrial OxPhos dysfunction. Liver-specific mitochondrial stress induced by a loss-of-function mutation in Crif1 (LKO) leads to aberrant oxidative phosphorylation and promotes the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. LKO mice are highly insulin sensitive and resistant to diet-induced obesity. The hepatocytes of LKO mice secrete large quantities of metabokines, including GDF15 and FGF21, which confer metabolic benefits. We evaluated the metabolic phenotypes of LKO mice with global deficiency of GDF15 or FGF21 and show that GDF15 regulates body and fat mass and prevents diet-induced hepatic steatosis, whereas FGF21 upregulates insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, and thermogenesis in white adipose tissue. This study reveals that the mitochondrial integrated stress response (ISRmt) in liver mediates metabolic adaptation through hepatic metabokines., Graphical abstract, Highlights • Hepatic mitoribosomal defect in LKO mice leads to the ISRmt and metabolic reprogramming • LKO mice have increased insulin sensitivity and are resistant to diet-induced obesity • GDF15 regulates body and fat mass and prevents hepatic steatosis in LKO mice • FGF21 improves glucose clearance, energy expenditure, and thermogenesis in LKO mice, Physiology; Cell Biology; Systems Biology
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- 2021
11. Three-Dimensional TEM Study of Dendrimer-Encapsulated Pt Nanoparticles for Visualizing Structural Characteristics of the Whole Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanostructure
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Chang Won Yoon, Hyun-Joo Ro, Taehoon Cho, Youngwon Ju, Yoon-Sun Yi, Sangmi Jun, Joohoon Kim, and Seung Il Kim
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Nanostructure ,Electron tomography ,Chemistry ,Dendrimer ,010401 analytical chemistry ,Organic inorganic ,Nanotechnology ,Pt nanoparticles ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry - Abstract
Here, we report three-dimensional (3-D) visualization of dendrimer-encapsulated Pt nanoparticles (Pt DENs) by using 3-D electron tomography to reveal intricate structural characteristics of their whole organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructure. We reconstructed the 3-D spatial volume of Pt DENs by back-projecting a tilt series of two-dimensional (2-D) projections of Pt nanoparticles encapsulated inside dendrimers negatively stained with uranyl acetate. The direct 3-D visualization of Pt DENs elucidated their encapsulation characteristics with the spatial imaging of Pt nanoparticles embraced inside dendrimers in three dimensions. The encapsulation characteristics of Pt DENs were further verified with selective electrochemical poisoning experiments. In addition, quantitative 3-D structural characterization of Pt DENs provided more accurate and precise size distributions of nanoparticles than those obtained from conventional 2-D transmission electron microscopy analysis relying only on a 3-D structure projected on a 2-D plane.
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- 2021
12. Human Norovirus Replication in Temperature-Optimized MDCK Cells by Forkhead Box O1 Inhibition
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Joseph Kwon, Duwoon Kim, Eun-Hye Jeong, Yujeong Lee, Sang Hoon Ha, Juhye Lee, Hyun-Joo Ro, Bipin Vaidya, Sangmi Jun, and Se-Young Cho
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Genotype ,Forkhead Box Protein O1 ,ATG5 ,Autophagy ,Norovirus ,General Medicine ,Biology ,Virus Replication ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Virology ,ISG15 ,Virus ,Gastroenteritis ,Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells ,Immune system ,Dogs ,Viral replication ,Apoptosis ,Animals ,Gene ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are a leading cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. However, the paucity of appropriate cell culture model for HuNoV replication has prevented developing effective anti-HuNoV therapy. In this study, first, the replication of the virus at various temperatures in different cells was compared, which showed that lowering the culture temperature from 37°C significantly increased virus replication in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. Second, the expression levels of autophagy-, immune-, and apoptosis-related genes at 30°C and 37°C were compared to explore factors affecting HuNoV replication. HuNoV cultured at 37°C showed significantly increased autophagy- (ATG5 and ATG7) and immune- (IFNA, IFNB, ISG15, and NFKB) related genes compared to mock. However, the virus cultured at 30°C showed significantly decreased expression of autophagy- (ATG5 and ATG7) and not significantly different in major immune- (IFNA, ISG15, and NFKB) related genes compared to mock. Importantly, expression of the transcription factor FOXO1, which controls autophagy- and immune-related gene expression, was significantly lower at 30°C. Moreover, FOXO1 inhibition in temperature-optimized MDCK cells enhanced HuNoV replication, highlighting FOXO1 inhibition as an approach for successful virus replication. In the temperature-optimized cells, various HuNoV genotypes were successfully replicated, with GI.8 showing the highest replication levels followed by GII.1, GII.3, and GII.4. Furthermore, ultrastructural analysis of the infected cells revealed functional HuNoV replication at low temperature, with increased cellular apoptosis and decreased autophagic vacuoles. In conclusion, temperature-optimized MDCK cells can be used as a convenient culture model for HuNoV replication by inhibiting FOXO1, providing adaptability to different genotypes.
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- 2020
13. Complete Genome of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis KCTC 3135T and Variation in Cell Wall Genes of B. subtilis Strains
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Ju Han Kim, Seil Kim, Seonjoo Ahn, Hyun Joo Ro, and Sangmi Jun
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0301 basic medicine ,Genetics ,Teichoic acid ,Phylogenetic tree ,Operon ,General Medicine ,Bacillus subtilis ,Biology ,Subspecies ,biology.organism_classification ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Genome ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Gene ,Illumina dye sequencing ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The type strain Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis KCTC 3135T was deeply sequenced and annotated, replacing a previous draft genome in this study. The tar and tag genes were involved in synthesizing wall teichoic acids (WTAs), and these genes and their products were previously regarded as the distinguishing difference between B. s. subtilis and B. s. spizizenii. However, a comparative genomic analysis of B. subtilis spp. revealed that both B. s. subtilis and B. s. spizizenii had various types of cell walls. These tar and tag operons were mutually exclusive and the tar genes from B. s. spizizenii were very similar to the genes from non-Bacillus bacteria, unlike the tag genes from B. s. subtilis. The results and previous studies suggest that the tar genes and the tag genes are not inherited after subspecies speciation. The phylogenetic tree based on whole genome sequences showed that each subspecies clearly formed a monophyletic group, while the tree based on tar genes showed that monophyletic groups were formed according to the cell wall type rather than the subspecies. These findings indicate that the tar genes and the presence of ribitol as a cell-wall constituent were not the distinguishing difference between the subspecies of B. subtilis and that the description of subspecies B. s. spizizenii should be updated.
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- 2018
14. Photoinduced Reversible Bending and Guest Molecule Release of Azobenzene-Containing Polydiacetylene Nanotubes
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Jong-Man Kim, Daewoong Jang, Jung Moo Heo, Hyun Joo Ro, Sumit Kumar Pramanik, Bum Jun Park, Sangmi Jun, Amitava Das, and Woohyun Baek
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Materials science ,Photoisomerization ,lcsh:Medicine ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,Photochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Nanomaterials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Amphiphile ,Rhodamine B ,Moiety ,lcsh:Science ,Multidisciplinary ,Diacetylene ,lcsh:R ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0104 chemical sciences ,Chemistry ,Photopolymer ,chemistry ,Azobenzene ,lcsh:Q ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Creation of hollow, one-dimensional nanomaterials has gained great recent attention in the chemical and material sciences. In a study aimed at discovering new functional materials of this type, we observed that an amphiphilic diacetylene (DA) derivative, containing an azobenzene moiety and an oligo-ethylene group, self-assembles to form nanotubes and undergoes photopolymerization to form hollow polydiacetylene (PDA) nanotubes with a uniform wall thickness and diameter. The azobenzene-PDA nanotubes are photoresponsive in that on-and-off UV-irradiation leads to a reversible morphological change between straight and bent forms in association with E-Z photoisomerization of the azobenzene group. Owing to the UV-induced structural change feature, the new DA and PDA nanotubes serve as a controlled release material. Accordingly, fluorescent rhodamine B encapsulated inside the nanotubes are effectively released by using repeated on-off UV irradiation. Furthermore, photo-release of rhodamine B was shown to occur in an artemia (brine shrimp).
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- 2019
15. Proteomic characterization of the outer membrane vesicle of the halophilic marine bacterium Novosphingobium pentaromativorans US6-1
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Sung Ho Yun, Ha Young Lee, Sang-Jin Kim, Chi-Won Choi, Sangyeop Lee, Sangmi Jun, Seung Il Kim, Kae Kyoung Kwon, Gun-Hwa Kim, Yong Min Kwon, and Hyun-Joo Ro
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Proteomics ,0301 basic medicine ,Proteome ,Biology ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,Extracellular Vesicles ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Marine bacteriophage ,Seawater ,Vesicle ,General Medicine ,Phenanthrene ,biology.organism_classification ,Halophile ,Sphingomonadaceae ,Protein Transport ,030104 developmental biology ,Membrane ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Pyrene ,Periplasmic Proteins ,Bacterial outer membrane ,Bacteria ,Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins - Abstract
Novosphingobium pentaromativorans US6-1 is a Gram-negative halophilic marine bacterium able to utilize several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as phenanthrene, pyrene, and benzo[a]pyrene. In this study, using transmission electron microscopy, we confirmed that N. pentaromativorans US6-1 produces outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). N. pentaromativorans OMVs (hereafter OMVNovo) are spherical in shape, and the average diameter of OMVNovo is 25-70 nm. Proteomic analysis revealed that outer membrane proteins and periplasmic proteins of N. pentaromativorans are the major protein components of OMVNovo. Comparative proteomic analysis with the membrane-associated protein fraction and correlation analysis demonstrated that the outer membrane proteins of OMVNovo originated from the membrane- associated protein fraction. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to characterize OMV purified from halophilic marine bacteria.
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- 2016
16. Advances in Cryo-Correlative Light and Electron Microscopy: Applications for Studying Molecular and Cellular Events
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Hyun-Joo Ro, Sangmi Jun, Seung Il Kim, Anahita Vispi Bharda, Hyun Suk Jung, and Dooil Jeoung
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Electron Microscope Tomography ,Materials science ,Macromolecular Substances ,viruses ,Cells ,Cellular functions ,Bioengineering ,Nanotechnology ,macromolecular substances ,Molecular resolution ,environment and public health ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Imaging, Three-Dimensional ,law ,Correlative light and electron microscopy ,Live cell imaging ,Fluorescence microscope ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Fluorescence Light Microscopy ,030302 biochemistry & molecular biology ,Organic Chemistry ,Cryoelectron Microscopy ,diagnosis ,Microscopy, Fluorescence ,Ultrastructure ,HIV-1 ,Electron microscope - Abstract
Cryo-correlative light and electron microscopy (Cryo-CLEM) is materializing as a widespread approach amalgamating the advantages of both fluorescence light microscopy (FLM) as well as three dimensional (3D) cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) to reveal the ultrastructure of significant target molecules with specific cellular functions. Cryo-CLEM allows imaging of cells by means of fluorescence microscopy exhibiting the location of the destined molecule at high temporal and spatial resolution while cryo-ET is employed to analyze the 3D structure at a molecular resolution in close-to-physiological condition. Present review focuses upon the practical strategies for Cryo-CLEM and recent technical developments that will assist the broad implementation of this technique to investigate and answer questions pertaining to various biological events occurring in the cell.
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- 2019
17. Neutralization of Acidic Intracellular Vesicles by Niclosamide Inhibits Multiple Steps of the Dengue Virus Life Cycle In Vitro
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Hyeryeon Oh, Yun Young Go, Sangmi Jun, Eunhye Jung, Sangwoo Nam, Hyun-Joo Ro, Baek Kim, and Meehyein Kim
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0301 basic medicine ,viruses ,Intracellular Space ,lcsh:Medicine ,Endosomes ,Dengue virus ,Virus Replication ,medicine.disease_cause ,Antiviral Agents ,Article ,Virus ,Neutralization ,Cell Line ,Dengue fever ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Viral Envelope Proteins ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Virology ,Chlorocebus aethiops ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,lcsh:Science ,Vero Cells ,Niclosamide ,Life Cycle Stages ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Cytoplasmic Vesicles ,lcsh:R ,Virion ,virus diseases ,Dengue Virus ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Flavivirus ,030104 developmental biology ,lcsh:Q ,Viral load ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Intracellular ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Dengue fever is one of the most important mosquito-borne viral infections in large parts of tropical and subtropical countries and is a significant public health concern and socioeconomic burden. There is an urgent need to develop antivirals that can effectively reduce dengue virus (DENV) replication and decrease viral load. Niclosamide, an antiparasitic drug approved for human use, has been recently identified as an effective antiviral agent against a number of pH-dependent viruses, including flaviviruses. Here, we reveal that neutralization of low-pH intracellular compartments by niclosamide affects multiple steps of the DENV infectious cycle. Specifically, niclosamide-induced endosomal neutralization not only prevents viral RNA replication but also affects the maturation of DENV particles, rendering them non-infectious. We found that niclosamide-induced endosomal neutralization prevented E glycoprotein conformational changes on the virion surface of flaviviruses, resulting in the release of non-infectious immature virus particles with uncleaved pr peptide from host cells. Collectively, our findings support the potential application of niclosamide as an antiviral agent against flavivirus infection and highlight a previously uncharacterized mechanism of action of the drug.
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- 2019
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18. Lactation improves pancreatic β cell mass and function through serotonin production
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Hak Chul Jang, Seung K. Kim, Joon Ho Moon, Wongun Choi, Hyeongseok Kim, Hyun Jung Hong, Sangmi Jun, Sung Hee Choi, Hail Kim, Nam H. Cho, Hyun Joo Ro, Minho Shong, Hyunki Kim, Jungsun Park, Wonsuk Choi, Ronadip R. Banerjee, and Michael S. German
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0301 basic medicine ,Blood Glucose ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Serotonin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,Insulin resistance ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Lactation ,Insulin-Secreting Cells ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Insulin ,5-HT receptor ,business.industry ,Glucagon secretion ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Prolactin ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Breast Feeding ,Serotonin Production ,Female ,business - Abstract
Pregnancy imposes a substantial metabolic burden on women through weight gain and insulin resistance. Lactation reduces the risk of maternal postpartum diabetes, but the mechanisms underlying this benefit are unknown. Here, we identified long-term beneficial effects of lactation on β cell function, which last for years after the cessation of lactation. We analyzed metabolic phenotypes including β cell characteristics in lactating and non-lactating humans and mice. Lactating and non-lactating women showed comparable glucose tolerance at 2 months after delivery, but after a mean of 3.6 years, glucose tolerance in lactated women had improved compared to non-lactated women. In humans, the disposition index, a measure of insulin secretory function of β cells considering the degree of insulin sensitivity, was higher in lactated women at 3.6 years after delivery. In mice, lactation improved glucose tolerance and increased β cell mass at 3 weeks after delivery. Amelioration of glucose tolerance and insulin secretion were maintained up to 4 months after delivery in lactated mice. During lactation, prolactin induced serotonin production in β cells. Secreted serotonin stimulated β cell proliferation through serotonin receptor 2B in an autocrine and paracrine manner. In addition, intracellular serotonin acted as an antioxidant to mitigate oxidative stress and improved β cell survival. Together, our results suggest that serotonin mediates the long-term beneficial effects of lactation on female metabolic health by increasing β cell proliferation and reducing oxidative stress in β cells.
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- 2019
19. Antibiotic treatment modulates protein components of cytotoxic outer membrane vesicles of multidrug-resistant clinical strain, Acinetobacter baumannii DU202
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Chi-Won Choi, Edmond Changkyun Park, Hyun-Joo Ro, Ha Young Lee, Sung Ho Yun, Sangyeop Lee, Hye-Yeon Kim, Yoon-Sun Yi, Je Chul Lee, Sangmi Jun, Gun-Hwa Kim, and Seung Il Kim
- Subjects
Proteomics ,Acinetobacter baumannii ,0301 basic medicine ,Imipenem ,Proteases ,030106 microbiology ,Clinical Biochemistry ,lcsh:Medicine ,Outer membrane vesicles ,Modulation by antibiotic treatment ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Secretion ,Molecular Biology ,biology ,Chemistry ,lcsh:R ,General Medicine ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,biology.organism_classification ,Multiple drug resistance ,Proteome ,Molecular Medicine ,Bacterial outer membrane ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Acinetobacter baumannii are cytotoxic and elicit a potent innate immune response. OMVs were first identified in A. baumannii DU202, an extensively drug-resistant clinical strain. Herein, we investigated protein components of A. baumannii DU202 OMVs following antibiotic treatment by proteogenomic analysis. Methods Purified OMVs from A. baumannii DU202 grown in different antibiotic culture conditions were screened for pathogenic and immunogenic effects, and subjected to quantitative proteomic analysis by one-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (1DE-LC-MS/MS). Protein components modulated by imipenem were identified and discussed. Results OMV secretion was increased > twofold following imipenem treatment, and cytotoxicity toward A549 human lung carcinoma cells was elevated. A total of 277 proteins were identified as components of OMVs by imipenem treatment, among which β-lactamase OXA-23, various proteases, outer membrane proteins, β-barrel assembly machine proteins, peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerases and inherent prophage head subunit proteins were significantly upregulated. Conclusion In vitro stress such as antibiotic treatment can modulate proteome components in A. baumannii OMVs and thereby influence pathogenicity.
- Published
- 2018
20. Complete genome of
- Author
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Seonjoo, Ahn, Sangmi, Jun, Hyun-Joo, Ro, Ju Han, Kim, and Seil, Kim
- Subjects
DNA, Bacterial ,Base Composition ,Microbial Viability ,Base Sequence ,Databases, Factual ,Genetic Variation ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Teichoic Acids ,Bacterial Proteins ,Genome Size ,Cell Wall ,Operon ,Genome, Bacterial ,Phylogeny ,Bacillus subtilis - Abstract
The type strain
- Published
- 2017
21. Influence of Morphological Homogeneity of Superspherical Gold Nanoparticles on Plasmonic Photothermal Heat Generation
- Author
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Hong-Seung Kim, Chan Bae Jeong, Dong Uk Kim, Jun Min Kim, Jung Dae Kim, Dae-Woong Jung, Ji Yong Bae, Hyun-Joo Ro, Gi-Ra Yi, Ki Soo Chang, Gaehang Lee, and Sangmi Jun
- Subjects
Materials science ,Colloidal gold ,Heat generation ,Homogeneity (physics) ,General Materials Science ,Nanotechnology ,General Chemistry ,Photothermal therapy ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Plasmon - Published
- 2019
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