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Background Hyperglycemic conditions are associated with respiratory dysfunction. Although several studies have reported that insulin resistance (IR) is related to decreased lung function, the association between IR and change in lung function has been rarely studied. This study aimed to investigate the potential association of IR on annual change in lung function using a community-based prospective cohort in Korea. Methods We selected 4827 Korean participants whose serial lung functions were assessed over 4 years using 1:3 propensity score matching. Exposure was baseline IR estimated with homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR), and outcomes were annual changes in lung function determined by calculating the regression coefficient using least-square linear regression analysis. Results In the multivariate linear regression, per one unit increased log transformed HOMA-IR was associated with decline in FEV1%-predicted (β: − 0.23, 95% CI: − 0.36 to − 0.11) and FVC %-predicted (β: − 0.20, 95% CI: − 0.33 to − 0.08), respectively. In the generalized additive model plot, HOMA-IR showed a negative linear association with annual changes in FEV1%-predicted and FVC %-predicted. The suggested threshold of HOMA-IR for decline in lung function was 1.0 unit for annual change in FEV1%-predicted and 2.2 unit for annual change in FVC %-predicted. Age showed statistically significant effect modification on the relationship between HOMA-IR and annual change in FEV1%-predicted. Increased HOMA-IR was associated with the decreased annual change in FEV1%-predicted, particularly in older people. Conclusions In South Korea, increased HOMA-IR was associated with decline in lung function. Since IR was related to decline in FEV1%-predicted, particularly in older people, tailored approaches are needed in these populations. The potential pulmonary hazard of IR needs to be confirmed in future studies.

Background: Diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia are associated with respiratory dysfunction. Although several studies have reported that insulin resistance is related to decreased lung function, the association between insulin resistance and lung function changes has been rarely studied. This study aimed to investigate the effect of insulin resistance on the annual lung function change using a large-scale prospective cohort.Methods: We analyzed a community-based prospective cohort in Korea comprising 7,536 participants whose serial lung functions were assessed. Exposure was baseline insulin resistance estimated with homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and outcomes were annual changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), functional vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio.Results: In the multivariate linear regression, the increased in the logarithmic HOMA-IR was associated with a decrease in FEV1 (β: -0.23; 95% CI: -0.32 to -0.13; P < 0.001), and FVC (β: -0.29; 95% CI: -0.39 to -0.19; P < 0.001), but not in FEV1/FVC ratio (β: 0.05; 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.11; P = 0.051). In the generalized additive model plot, L-shaped association between HOMA-IR and changes in FEV1 and FVC were observed with a HOMA-IR threshold of 2.4. Age modulated the effect of HOMA-IR on the change in FEV1, and increased HOMA-IR was associated with decreased annual FEV1 change only in the older population.Conclusions: Insulin resistance was a novel risk factor for the decrease in FEV1 and FVC. The aging process may modulate the effect of insulin resistance on the decline in lung function.

본 연구에서는 개소시랑개비 (Potentilla supina)의 전초를 이용하여 세포독성 및 항염증 활성 효과를 평가하였다. 대식세포인 RAW264.7 cell에서 염증 매개 물질인 lipopo-lysacchride(LPS)로 염증을 유발해 nitric oxide (NO), Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)와 prostaglandin $E_2$ ( $PGE_2$ ) 같은 염증 ...

Arabis glabra is a localized common rhizomatous flowering plant, This plant is often used in Korean traditional systems of medicine as a remedy for blood cleaning, detoxification, abscess, gastrospasm, arthritis, contraction and diarrhea. Generally drugs that are used for arthritis have antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties. However, validity of the anti-inflammatory activity has not been scientifically investigated so far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of A. glabra using the ethanolic extract and its sub-fractions. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects, we examined the inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on RAW 264.7macrophages. Our results indicated that hexane and chloroform fraction significantly inhibited the LPS- induced NO and PGE2 production in the cells. The hexane fraction inhibitory activity for NO tests with IC50 values showed in 21.0 ㎍/㎖. The chloroform fraction inhibitory activity for PGE2 tests with IC50 values showed in 18.0 ㎍/㎖. These efficacy are expected to be able to present the potential for the development of health functional food for the prevention inflammatory diseases because it has sufficient preventive medical possibilities. Further, it is determined that it is necessary to further study the mechanism of cytokine and protein expression associated with inflammation.

Phenolic compounds such as isoflavones contribute to the antioxidant properties of soybean. This study investigated differences in the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of ten soybean cultivars grown in two different locations in Korea. We observed a wide range of variation in total isoflavone and phenolic content by location and cultivar. The total isoflavone content of cultivars grown at Pyeongchang (sub-highland) was significantly higher than that in cultivars grown at Gangneung (lowland). In contrast, the total phenolic content of cultivars grown at Gangneung was greater than that of cultivars grown at Pyeongchang. The radical scavenging activity of DPPH was similar to that of the total phenolic content rather than that of the total isoflavone content. These results suggest that antioxidant activity of soybean was associated with phenolic compounds rather than isoflavones. To identify the individual antioxidant components, we used an on-line HPLC-ABTS + -based assay system, ESI/MS, and NMR. The results showed that the strongest antioxidant activity was linked to epicatechin.

Smilacina japonica is a localized common rhizomatous flowering plant, This plant is often used in Korean traditional systems of medicine as a remedy for migrain, diplegia, physical impurity, blood circulation, abscess and contusion. Generally drugs that are used for arthritis have antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties. However, validity of the anti-inflammatory activity has not been scientifically investigated so far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of S. japonica using the ethanolic extract and its sub- fractions. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects, we examined the inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on RAW 264.7 macrophages. Our results indicated that hexane fraction significantly inhibited the LPS induced NO and PGE2 production in the cells. The hexane fractions inhibitory activity for NO tests with IC50 values showed in 53.3 μg/ml and PGE2 tests with IC50 values showed at 32.5 μg/ml. Theseis result suggest a potential role of hexane fraction from S. japonica as source of anti-inflammatory agent.

Contents of soyasaponin group B were compared according to two regions and ten varieties by HPLC. Those compounds were known to be beneficial for health. After soyasaponins were isolated and identified, those isolated compounds were used for HPLC analysis. The contents of soyasaponin were very different by regions but highest in the soybean with black seed coat. It was appeared that environmental difference for soybean growth could strongly change of soyasaponin contents.