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: Introduction: Evidence‐based intervention strategies to improve adherence among individuals living with chronic conditions are critical in ensuring better outcomes. In this systematic review, we assessed the impact of interventions that aimed to promote adherence to treatment for chronic conditions. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and CINAHL databases to identify relevant studies published between the years 2000 and 2023 and used the QUIPS assessment tool to assess the quality and risk of bias of each study. We extracted data from eligible studies for study characteristics and description of interventions for the study populations of interest. Results: Of the 32,698 total studies/records screened, 2814 were eligible for abstract screening and of those, 497 were eligible for full‐text screening. A total of 82 studies were subsequently included, describing a total of 58,043 patients. Of the total included studies, 58 (70.7%) were related to antiretroviral therapy for HIV, 6 (7.3%) were anti‐hypertensive medication‐related, 12 (14.6%) were anti‐diabetic medication‐related and 6 (7.3%) focused on medication for more than one condition. A total of 54/82 (65.9%) reported improved adherence based on the described study outcomes, 13/82 (15.9%) did not have clear results or defined outcomes, while 15/82 (18.3%) reported no significant difference between studied groups. The 82 publications described 98 unique interventions (some studies described more than one intervention). Among these intervention strategies, 13 (13.3%) were multifaceted (4/13 [30.8%] multi‐component health services‐ and community‐based programmes, 6/13 [46.2%] included individual plus group counselling and 3/13 [23.1%] included SMS or alarm reminders plus individual counselling). Discussion: The interventions described in this review ranged from adherence counselling to more complex interventions such as mobile health (mhealth) interventions. Combined interventions comprised of different components may be more effective than using a single component in isolation. However, the complexity involved in designing and implementing combined interventions often complicates the practicalities of such interventions. Conclusions: There is substantial evidence that community‐ and home‐based interventions, digital health interventions and adherence counselling interventions can improve adherence to medication for chronic conditions. Future research should answer if existing interventions can be used to develop less complicated multifaceted adherence intervention strategies., INTRODUCTION Patients on treatment for chronic conditions face multiple barriers to adherence, and no single intervention is deemed sufficient to ensure that high levels of adherence to treatment are maintained [...]

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of intervention including health-oriented lifestyle training and existential therapy on distress tolerance, health concerns, and blood pressure in elderly people with hypertension. The research method was quasi-experimental. This study was performed on 120 older women with hypertension referred to Mehr hospital of Ahvaz, Iran in 2019. They were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into three groups. The first experimental group received 12 sessions of 60 min on a health-oriented lifestyle. The second group received ten sessions of 60 min on existential therapy. The control group did not receive an intervention program. The research instrument included the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), Anxious Thoughts Inventory (AnTI), and Sphygmomanometer. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was performed in SPSS software version 21.0 to analyze the data. The results showed that health-oriented lifestyle training effectively reduced blood pressure but had no effect on distress tolerance. Also, existential therapy significantly increased distress tolerance in the elderly but did not affect blood pressure. Moreover, there was no significant difference between health-oriented lifestyle and existential therapy regarding health concerns' effectiveness. The results showed that health-oriented lifestyle training and existential therapy effectively increased distress tolerance and health concerns, and improved blood pressure in older women with hypertension. Therefore, it is recommended that clinical psychologists and therapists use health-oriented lifestyle training and existential therapy as adjuncts to other therapies to improve the psychological health of clients., Author(s): Parviz Asgari [sup.1] , Zahra Dasht Bozorgi [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.507679.a, 0000 0004 6004 5411, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, , Ahvaz, Iran Introduction Ageing [...]

Byline: Boby. Maramattom Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition characterized by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) of unknown etiology. Headache, visual disturbances, and pulsatile tinnitus are common presenting symptoms. The [...]

Endothelin has emerged as a target for therapeutic intervention in systemic hypertension. As a vasoconstrictor, comitogenic agent, linking pulse pressure and vascular remodeling, and mediator of aldosterone and catecholamine release, endothelin is a key player in hypertension and end-organ damage. In 10%-20% of the hypertensive population, the high blood pressure is resistant to administration of antihypertensive drugs of different classes in combination. Because endothelin is not targeted by the current antihypertensive drugs, this may suggest that this resistance is due, in part at least, to a dependence on endothelin. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that this form of hypertension is often salt-sensitive, and that the endothelin system is stimulated by salt. In addition, the endothelin system is activated in subjects at risk of developing resistant hypertension, such as African Americans or patients with obesity or obstructive sleep apnea. Aprocitentan is an investigational, novel, potent, dual endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) currently in phase 3 development for the treatment of difficult-to- treat hypertension. This article discusses the research that underpinned the discovery of this ERA and the choice of its first clinical indication for patients with forms of hypertension that cannot be well controlled with classical antihypertensive drugs. Key words: aprocitentan, endothelin receptor antagonist, resistant hypertension, endothelin L'endotheline s'est revelee constituer une cible pour des interventions therapeutiques en cas d'hypertension systemique. Comme agent vasoconstricteur et comitogene liant la tension pulsatile au remodelage vasculaire, ainsi que comme mediateur de la liberation d'aldosterone et de catecholamines, l'endotheline joue un role cle dans l'hypertension et l'atteinte des organes cibles. Chez 10 a 20 % de la population atteinte d'hypertension, la tension arterielle elevee est resistante a l'administration de medicaments antihypertenseurs de diverses classes en association. Puisque l'endotheline n'est pas la cible des medicaments antihypertenseurs actuels, il est possible que cette resistance soit, au moins en partie, dependante de l'endotheline. Cette hypothese est fondee sur l'observation que cette forme d'hypertension est souvent sensible a l'apport sode, et que l'endotheline est stimulee par le sel. De plus, le systeme endotheline est active chez des sujets a risque eleve d'hypertension resistante, comme les Afro-Americains ou les patients atteints d'obesite ou d'apnee obstructive du sommeil. L'aprocitentan est un nouveau double antagoniste des recepteurs ETA et ETB de l'endotheline (ARE) puissant qui est en ce moment en phase 3 de developpement pour le traitement de l'hypertension difficile a traiter. Cet article se penche sur la recherche qui a sous-tendu la decouverte de cet ARE, de meme que sur le choix de sa premiere indication clinique chez les patients presentant des formes d'hypertension que l'on ne peut pas maitriser convenablement a l'aide de medicaments antihypertenseurs classiques. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : aprocitentane, antagoniste des recepteurs de l'endotheline, hypertension resistante, endotheline, Introduction The exciting discovery of endothelin-1 (ET-1) as the most potent vasoconstrictor peptide (Yanagisawa et al. 1988) sparked profound research efforts to understand the ET system and its key physiological [...]