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1. MedImageInsight: An Open-Source Embedding Model for General Domain Medical Imaging

Author: Codella, Noel C. F., Jin, Ying, Jain, Shrey, Gu, Yu, Lee, Ho Hin, Abacha, Asma Ben, Santamaria-Pang, Alberto, Guyman, Will, Sangani, Naiteek, Zhang, Sheng, Poon, Hoifung, Hyland, Stephanie, Bannur, Shruthi, Alvarez-Valle, Javier, Li, Xue, Garrett, John, McMillan, Alan, Rajguru, Gaurav, Maddi, Madhu, Vijayrania, Nilesh, Bhimai, Rehaan, Mecklenburg, Nick, Jain, Rupal, Holstein, Daniel, Gaur, Naveen, Aski, Vijay, Hwang, Jenq-Neng, Lin, Thomas, Tarapov, Ivan, Lungren, Matthew, and Wei, Mu
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: In this work, we present MedImageInsight, an open-source medical imaging embedding model. MedImageInsight is trained on medical images with associated text and labels across a diverse collection of domains, including X-Ray, CT, MRI, dermoscopy, OCT, fundus photography, ultrasound, histopathology, and mammography. Rigorous evaluations demonstrate MedImageInsight's ability to achieve state-of-the-art (SOTA) or human expert level performance across classification, image-image search, and fine-tuning tasks. Specifically, on public datasets, MedImageInsight achieves SOTA in CT 3D medical image retrieval, as well as SOTA in disease classification and search for chest X-ray, dermatology, and OCT imaging. Furthermore, MedImageInsight achieves human expert performance in bone age estimation (on both public and partner data), as well as AUC above 0.9 in most other domains. When paired with a text decoder, MedImageInsight achieves near SOTA level single image report findings generation with less than 10\% the parameters of other models. Compared to fine-tuning GPT-4o with only MIMIC-CXR data for the same task, MedImageInsight outperforms in clinical metrics, but underperforms on lexical metrics where GPT-4o sets a new SOTA. Importantly for regulatory purposes, MedImageInsight can generate ROC curves, adjust sensitivity and specificity based on clinical need, and provide evidence-based decision support through image-image search (which can also enable retrieval augmented generation). In an independent clinical evaluation of image-image search in chest X-ray, MedImageInsight outperformed every other publicly available foundation model evaluated by large margins (over 6 points AUC), and significantly outperformed other models in terms of AI fairness (across age and gender). We hope releasing MedImageInsight will help enhance collective progress in medical imaging AI research and development.
Published: 2024

2. An X-Ray Is Worth 15 Features: Sparse Autoencoders for Interpretable Radiology Report Generation

Author: Abdulaal, Ahmed, Fry, Hugo, Montaña-Brown, Nina, Ijishakin, Ayodeji, Gao, Jack, Hyland, Stephanie, Alexander, Daniel C., and Castro, Daniel C.
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: Radiological services are experiencing unprecedented demand, leading to increased interest in automating radiology report generation. Existing Vision-Language Models (VLMs) suffer from hallucinations, lack interpretability, and require expensive fine-tuning. We introduce SAE-Rad, which uses sparse autoencoders (SAEs) to decompose latent representations from a pre-trained vision transformer into human-interpretable features. Our hybrid architecture combines state-of-the-art SAE advancements, achieving accurate latent reconstructions while maintaining sparsity. Using an off-the-shelf language model, we distil ground-truth reports into radiological descriptions for each SAE feature, which we then compile into a full report for each image, eliminating the need for fine-tuning large models for this task. To the best of our knowledge, SAE-Rad represents the first instance of using mechanistic interpretability techniques explicitly for a downstream multi-modal reasoning task. On the MIMIC-CXR dataset, SAE-Rad achieves competitive radiology-specific metrics compared to state-of-the-art models while using significantly fewer computational resources for training. Qualitative analysis reveals that SAE-Rad learns meaningful visual concepts and generates reports aligning closely with expert interpretations. Our results suggest that SAEs can enhance multimodal reasoning in healthcare, providing a more interpretable alternative to existing VLMs.
Published: 2024

3. Possible principles for aligned structure learning agents

Author: Da Costa, Lancelot, Gavenčiak, Tomáš, Hyland, David, Samiei, Mandana, Dragos-Manta, Cristian, Pattisapu, Candice, Razi, Adeel, and Friston, Karl
Subjects: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract: This paper offers a roadmap for the development of scalable aligned artificial intelligence (AI) from first principle descriptions of natural intelligence. In brief, a possible path toward scalable aligned AI rests upon enabling artificial agents to learn a good model of the world that includes a good model of our preferences. For this, the main objective is creating agents that learn to represent the world and other agents' world models; a problem that falls under structure learning (a.k.a. causal representation learning). We expose the structure learning and alignment problems with this goal in mind, as well as principles to guide us forward, synthesizing various ideas across mathematics, statistics, and cognitive science. 1) We discuss the essential role of core knowledge, information geometry and model reduction in structure learning, and suggest core structural modules to learn a wide range of naturalistic worlds. 2) We outline a way toward aligned agents through structure learning and theory of mind. As an illustrative example, we mathematically sketch Asimov's Laws of Robotics, which prescribe agents to act cautiously to minimize the ill-being of other agents. We supplement this example by proposing refined approaches to alignment. These observations may guide the development of artificial intelligence in helping to scale existing -- or design new -- aligned structure learning systems., Comment: 24 pages of content, 31 with references
Published: 2024

4. A Personal Journey of Studying Positive Psychology: Reflections of Undergraduate Students in the United Arab Emirates

Author: Anita Shrivastava, Humna Azhar, and Lynda Hyland
Abstract: Background: An increasing number of undergraduate positive psychology courses offer students a holistic view of the broader discipline of psychology. Even short-term participation in positive psychology activities as part of a taught course may improve psychological well-being and lower stress. However, there is a dearth of qualitative evidence on how students experience this learning process. Objective: This study aimed to explore UAE-based undergraduate students' reflections on their experiences of an elective positive psychology course and their participation in various positive psychology interventions (PPIs). Method: This qualitative study explored 21 UAE-based undergraduate students' reflections on taking a semester-long positive psychology course, in which they participated in PPIs. The rich data from semi-structured interviews were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Three main themes emerged, namely "rethinking positive psychology," "changes in perspective on happiness and search for positivity," and "enhanced relationships." Conclusion and Teaching Implications: The study suggests that positive psychology may reach past the time and space of the taught course and have at least a short-term positive impact on students' mental and social lives. Findings from this study imply the potential of positive psychology in higher education and point towards further integration of such courses in undergraduate programs in the UAE and beyond.
Published: 2024
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5. Can GPT-4 learn to analyze moves in research article abstracts?

Author: Yu, Danni, Bondi, Marina, and Hyland, Ken
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract: One of the most powerful and enduring ideas in written discourse analysis is that genres can be described in terms of the moves which structure a writer's purpose. Considerable research has sought to identify these distinct communicative acts, but analyses have been beset by problems of subjectivity, reliability and the time-consuming need for multiple coders to confirm analyses. In this paper we employ the affordances of GPT-4 to automate the annotation process by using natural language prompts. Focusing on abstracts from articles in four applied linguistics journals, we devise prompts which enable the model to identify moves effectively. The annotated outputs of these prompts were evaluated by two assessors with a third addressing disagreements. The results show that an 8-shot prompt was more effective than one using two, confirming that the inclusion of examples illustrating areas of variability can enhance GPT-4's ability to recognize multiple moves in a single sentence and reduce bias related to textual position. We suggest that GPT-4 offers considerable potential in automating this annotation process, when human actors with domain specific linguistic expertise inform the prompting process.
Published: 2024

6. MAIRA-2: Grounded Radiology Report Generation

Author: Bannur, Shruthi, Bouzid, Kenza, Castro, Daniel C., Schwaighofer, Anton, Thieme, Anja, Bond-Taylor, Sam, Ilse, Maximilian, Pérez-García, Fernando, Salvatelli, Valentina, Sharma, Harshita, Meissen, Felix, Ranjit, Mercy, Srivastav, Shaury, Gong, Julia, Codella, Noel C. F., Falck, Fabian, Oktay, Ozan, Lungren, Matthew P., Wetscherek, Maria Teodora, Alvarez-Valle, Javier, and Hyland, Stephanie L.
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: Radiology reporting is a complex task requiring detailed medical image understanding and precise language generation, for which generative multimodal models offer a promising solution. However, to impact clinical practice, models must achieve a high level of both verifiable performance and utility. We augment the utility of automated report generation by incorporating localisation of individual findings on the image - a task we call grounded report generation - and enhance performance by incorporating realistic reporting context as inputs. We design a novel evaluation framework (RadFact) leveraging the logical inference capabilities of large language models (LLMs) to quantify report correctness and completeness at the level of individual sentences, while supporting the new task of grounded reporting. We develop MAIRA-2, a large radiology-specific multimodal model designed to generate chest X-ray reports with and without grounding. MAIRA-2 achieves state of the art on existing report generation benchmarks and establishes the novel task of grounded report generation., Comment: 72 pages, 21 figures. v2 updates the model and adds results on the PadChest-GR dataset
Published: 2024

7. First VLBI detection of Fornax A

Author: Paraschos, G. F., Wielgus, M., Benke, P., Mpisketzis, V., Rösch, F., Dasyra, K., Ros, E., Kadler, M., Ojha, R., Edwards, P. G., Hyland, L., Quick, J. F. H., and Weston, S.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Radio galaxies harbouring jetted active galactic nuclei are a frequent target of very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) because they play an essential role in exploring how jets form and propagate. Hence, only few have not been detected with VLBI yet; Fornax A is one of the most famous examples. Here we present the first detection of the compact core region of Fornax A with VLBI. At 8.4 GHz the faint core is consistent with an unresolved point source. We constrained its flux density to be $S_0 = 47.5-62.3\,\textrm{mJy}$ and its diameter to be $D^\textrm{min}_0 \leq 70\,\mu\textrm{as}$. The high values of the measured brightness temperature ($T_\textrm{B} \gtrsim 10^{11}\,\textrm{K}$) imply that the observed radiation is of non-thermal origin, likely associated with the synchrotron emission from the active galactic nucleus. We also investigated the possibility of a second radio source being present within the field of view. Adding a second Gaussian component to the geometrical model-fit does not significantly improve the quality of the fit and we, therefore, conclude that our detection corresponds to the compact core of Fornax A. Analysis of the non-trivial closure phases provides evidence for the detection of more extended flux density, on the angular scale of $\sim4000\,\mu\textrm{as}$. Finally, the fractional circular polarisation of the core is consistent with zero, with a conservative upper limit being $m_\textrm{circ} \leq 4\%$., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2024
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8. Congenital myasthenic syndrome secondary to pathogenic variants in the SLC5A7 gene: report of two cases.

Author: Muntadas, Javier, Hyland, Martin, Martínez, Maria, Young, Jaime, Chong, Jessica, Bamshad, Michael, and Maselli, Ricardo
Subjects: SLC5A7, Choline transporter 1, Congenital myasthenic syndromes, Episodic apnea, Presynaptic, Humans, Myasthenic Syndromes, Congenital, Male, Mutation, Symporters, Child, Child, Preschool
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Congenital Myasthenic Syndromes (CMS) are rare genetic diseases, which share as a common denominator muscle fatigability due to failure of neuromuscular transmission. A distinctive clinical feature of presynaptic CMS variants caused by defects of the synthesis of acetylcholine is the association with life-threatening episodes of apnea. One of these variants is caused by mutations in the SLC5A7 gene, which encodes the sodium-dependent HC-3 high-affinity choline transporter 1 (CHT1). To our knowledge there are no published cases of this CMS type in Latin America. CASE PRESENTATION: We present two cases of CHT1-CMS. Both patients were males presenting with repeated episodes of apnea, hypotonia, weakness, ptosis, mild ophthalmoparesis, and bulbar deficit. The first case also presented one isolated seizure, while the second case showed global developmental delay. Both cases, exhibited incomplete improvement with treatment with pyridostigmine. CONCLUSIONS: This report emphasizes the broad incidence of CMS with episodic apnea caused by mutations in the SLC5A7 gene and the frequent association of this condition with serious manifestations of central nervous system involvement.
Published: 2024

9. Integrating Microtransit Service with Traditional Fixed-Route Transit Costs More but Greatly Improves Access to Jobs

Author: Hyland, Michael F., PhD, Pike, Susie, PhD, Hu, Siwei, Berkel, Jacob, Xing, Yan, PhD, Saha, Ritun, Vander Veen, Geoffrey, and Yang, Dingtong, PhD
Abstract: Microtransit is a mobility service that dynamically routes and schedules 6- to 20-seat vehicles to serve passengers within a defined region. Microtransit services are similar to ride-pooling services operated by Transportation Network Companies (e.g., Uber, Lyft); however, microtransit services are owned by cities or transit agencies. Integrating microtransit services with traditional fixed-route transit (FRT) has been touted as a means to attract more riders to public transit generally, improve mobility and sustainable transportation outcomes (e.g., reduce greenhouse gasses and local pollutants), and provide better accessibility to disadvantaged travelers. However, few academic studies have evaluated these claims. To address this gap, we surveyed California transit agencies that currently operate or recently operated microtransit services to obtain insights into integration challenges. We also developed an agent- and simulation-based modeling framework to evaluate alternative system designs for integrating FRT and microtransit in downtown San Diego and Lemon Grove, a suburban area in San Diego County.
Published: 2024

10. Shifting Future Electric Vehicle Trips to e-Bikes Could Help Reduce Electricity Demand at Critical Times in California

Author: Hyland, Michael F., PhD, Tarroja, Brian, PhD, Forrest, Kate, PhD, Yamada, Kotaro, and Saha, Ritun
Abstract: California aims to replace gasoline and diesel light-duty vehicles (LDVs) with zero-emission LDVs, many of which will be plug-in battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and achieve 100% zero-carbon electricity by 2045. Large-scale plug-in BEV deployment will substantially increase electricity demand, particularly during peak hours (4:00pm to 9:00pm) when renewable energy is in short supply. Popular strategies for charging BEVs with electricity produced from renewable energy include smart charging and creating more energy storage that soaks up renewable energy during the day and dispenses it later when needed. These strategies, however, may not be enough. Consumer acceptance limits smart charging, and increased energy storage capacity is expensive. Another potential strategy involves lowering the overall demand for electricity by shifting BEV trips to electric-powered bicycles (e-bikes). While e-bikes cannot entirely replace BEV trips, they are ideal for short trips (five miles or less). Currently, 64% of US vehicle trips fall into the short trip category.
Published: 2024

11. Automated Vehicles and Transportation Network Companies Will Likely Impact the Efficacy of Transportation Pricing Strategies

Author: Hyland, Michael F., PhD, Nam, Daisik, PhD, Ahmed, Tanjeeb, and Ghaffar, Arash
Abstract: Transportation pricing strategies aim to manage vehicle travel demand, collect revenue, or force drivers to internalize the costs they impose on other persons (e.g., delayed travel time) and physical infrastructure. Pricing strategies include parking pricing, cordon- and area-based congestion pricing, road-usage charges (RUCs), and high-occupancy toll (HOT) lane pricing. These pricing strategies were, however, designed before the advent of ride-sourcing companies (i.e., Transportation Network Companies or TNCs) and automated vehicles (AVs). Hence, the efficacy of existing pricing strategies in a world with TNCs and a future world with AVs is unclear. Moreover, future pricing strategies must consider the behavior of TNC fleet operators in addition to private vehicle drivers.
Published: 2024

12. Flexible Agent-based Modeling Framework to Evaluate Integrated Microtransit and Fixed-route Transit Designs: Mode Choice, Supernetworks, and Fleet Simulation

Author: Hu, Siwei, Hyland, Michael F., Saha, Ritun, Berkel, Jacob J., and Veen, Geoffrey Vander
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract: The integration of traditional fixed-route transit (FRT) and more flexible microtransit has been touted as a means of improving mobility and access to opportunity, increasing transit ridership, and promoting environmental sustainability. To help evaluate integrated FRT and microtransit public transit (PT) system (henceforth ``integrated fixed-flex PT system'') designs, we propose a high-fidelity modeling framework that provides reliable estimates for a wide range of (i) performance metrics and (ii) integrated fixed-flex PT system designs. We formulate the mode choice equilibrium problem as a fixed-point problem wherein microtransit demand is a function of microtransit performance, and microtransit performance depends on microtransit demand. We propose a detailed agent-based simulation modeling framework that includes (i) a binary logit mode choice model (private auto vs. transit), (ii) a supernetwork-based model and pathfinding algorithm for multi-modal transit path choice where the supernetwork includes pedestrian, FRT, and microtransit layers, (iii) a detailed mobility-on-demand fleet simulator called FleetPy to model the supply-demand dynamics of the microtransit service. In this paper, we illustrate the capabilities of the modeling framework by analyzing integrated fixed-flex PT system designs that vary the following design parameters: FRT frequencies and microtransit fleet size, service region structure, virtual stop coverage, and operating hours. We include case studies in downtown San Diego and Lemon Grove, California. The computational results show that the proposed modeling framework converges to a mode choice equilibrium. Moreover, the scenario results imply that introducing a new microtransit service decreases FRT ridership and requires additional subsidies, but it significantly increases job accessibility and slightly reduces total VMT., Comment: 49 pages, 25 figures, 8 tables; Submitted To: Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies on May 1st, 2024
Published: 2024

13. Swift J1727.8-1613 has the Largest Resolved Continuous Jet Ever Seen in an X-ray Binary

Author: Wood, Callan M., Miller-Jones, James C. A., Bahramian, Arash, Tingay, Steven J., Prabu, Steve, Russell, Thomas D., Atri, Pikky, Carotenuto, Francesco, Altamirano, Diego, Motta, Sara E., Hyland, Lucas, Reynolds, Cormac, Weston, Stuart, Fender, Rob, Körding, Elmar, Maitra, Dipankar, Markoff, Sera, Migliari, Simone, Russell, David M., Sarazin, Craig L., Sivakoff, Gregory R., Soria, Roberto, Tetarenko, Alexandra J., and Tudose, Valeriu
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Multi-wavelength polarimetry and radio observations of Swift J1727.8-1613 at the beginning of its recent 2023 outburst suggested the presence of a bright compact jet aligned in the north-south direction, which could not be confirmed without high angular resolution images. Using the Very Long Baseline Array and the Long Baseline Array, we imaged Swift J1727.8-1613, during the hard/hard-intermediate state, revealing a bright core and a large, two-sided, asymmetrical, resolved jet. The jet extends in the north-south direction, at a position angle of $-0.60\pm0.07\deg$ East of North. At 8.4 GHz, the entire resolved jet structure is $\sim110 (d/2.7\,\text{kpc})/\sin i$ AU long, with the southern approaching jet extending $\sim80 (d/2.7\,\text{kpc})/\sin i$ AU from the core, where $d$ is the distance to the source and $i$ is the inclination of the jet axis to the line of sight. These images reveal the most resolved continuous X-ray binary jet, and possibly the most physically extended continuous X-ray binary jet ever observed. Based on the brightness ratio of the approaching and receding jets, we put a lower limit on the intrinsic jet speed of $\beta\geq0.27$ and an upper limit on the jet inclination of $i\leq74\deg$. In our first observation we also detected a rapidly fading discrete jet knot $66.89\pm0.04$ mas south of the core, with a proper motion of $0.66\pm0.05$ mas hour$^{-1}$, which we interpret as the result of a downstream internal shock or a jet-ISM interaction, as opposed to a transient relativistic jet launched at the beginning of the outburst., Comment: Accepted in ApJL
Published: 2024
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14. Monoidal bicategories, differential linear logic, and analytic functors

Author: Fiore, M., Gambino, N., and Hyland, M.
Subjects: Mathematics - Category Theory, Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science, Mathematics - Logic, 18N10, 18M45, 18F40, 18D60, 18M80
Abstract: We develop further the theory of monoidal bicategories by introducing and studying bicategorical counterparts of the notions of a linear explonential comonad, as considered in the study of linear logic, and of a codereliction transformation, introduced to study differential linear logic via differential categories. As an application, we extend the differential calculus of Joyal's analytic functors to analytic functors between presheaf categories, just as ordinary calculus extends from a single variable to many variables., Comment: v2: fixed typos, added references. 46 pages. Comments welcome
Published: 2024

15. Challenges for Responsible AI Design and Workflow Integration in Healthcare: A Case Study of Automatic Feeding Tube Qualification in Radiology

Author: Thieme, Anja, Rajamohan, Abhijith, Cooper, Benjamin, Groombridge, Heather, Simister, Robert, Wong, Barney, Woznitza, Nicholas, Pinnock, Mark Ames, Wetscherek, Maria Teodora, Morrison, Cecily, Richardson, Hannah, Pérez-García, Fernando, Hyland, Stephanie L., Bannur, Shruthi, Castro, Daniel C., Bouzid, Kenza, Schwaighofer, Anton, Ranjit, Mercy, Sharma, Harshita, Lungren, Matthew P., Oktay, Ozan, Alvarez-Valle, Javier, Nori, Aditya, Harris, Stephen, and Jacob, Joseph
Subjects: Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, H.5.m, I.2.m
Abstract: Nasogastric tubes (NGTs) are feeding tubes that are inserted through the nose into the stomach to deliver nutrition or medication. If not placed correctly, they can cause serious harm, even death to patients. Recent AI developments demonstrate the feasibility of robustly detecting NGT placement from Chest X-ray images to reduce risks of sub-optimally or critically placed NGTs being missed or delayed in their detection, but gaps remain in clinical practice integration. In this study, we present a human-centered approach to the problem and describe insights derived following contextual inquiry and in-depth interviews with 15 clinical stakeholders. The interviews helped understand challenges in existing workflows, and how best to align technical capabilities with user needs and expectations. We discovered the trade-offs and complexities that need consideration when choosing suitable workflow stages, target users, and design configurations for different AI proposals. We explored how to balance AI benefits and risks for healthcare staff and patients within broader organizational and medical-legal constraints. We also identified data issues related to edge cases and data biases that affect model training and evaluation; how data documentation practices influence data preparation and labelling; and how to measure relevant AI outcomes reliably in future evaluations. We discuss how our work informs design and development of AI applications that are clinically useful, ethical, and acceptable in real-world healthcare services.
Published: 2024

16. Tinker or Transfer? A Tale of Two Techniques in Teaching Visualization

Author: Hyland, Adam and Ali, Murtaza
Subjects: Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract: In education there exists a tension between two modes of learning: traditional lecture-based instruction and more tinkering-based creative learning. In this paper, we outline our efforts as two Ph.D. students (who are skilled in visualization but are not, importantly, professionally trained visualization experts) to implement creative learning activities in an information visualization course in our home department. We describe our motivation for doing so, and how what began out of necessity turned into an endeavor whose utility we strongly believe in. In implementing these activities, we received largely positive reviews from students, along with constructive feedback which helped us iteratively improve the activities. Finally, we also detail our future plans for turning this work into a formal design inquiry with students to build a new class centered entirely around creative learning.
Published: 2024

17. Neonatal cardiac POCUS—a survey of academic neonatal centers in the United States

Author: Aleem, Numra Abdul, Wren, Jr., John T., Ruoss, J. Lauren, Stanford, Amy H., Hyland, Rachael M., Thomas, Brady, Giesinger, Regan E., and McNamara, Patrick J.
Published: 2024
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18. Flavored electronic nicotine delivery system product use among adults in New York State post-statewide restriction implementation

Author: Fix, Brian V., Bansal-Travers, Maansi, Hyland, Andrew, Najm, Liane M., Diaz, Destiny, Sharma, Akshika, Ossip, Deborah J., and O’Connor, Richard J.
Published: 2024
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19. Multimodal Healthcare AI: Identifying and Designing Clinically Relevant Vision-Language Applications for Radiology

Author: Yildirim, Nur, Richardson, Hannah, Wetscherek, Maria T., Bajwa, Junaid, Jacob, Joseph, Pinnock, Mark A., Harris, Stephen, de Castro, Daniel Coelho, Bannur, Shruthi, Hyland, Stephanie L., Ghosh, Pratik, Ranjit, Mercy, Bouzid, Kenza, Schwaighofer, Anton, Pérez-García, Fernando, Sharma, Harshita, Oktay, Ozan, Lungren, Matthew, Alvarez-Valle, Javier, Nori, Aditya, and Thieme, Anja
Subjects: Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract: Recent advances in AI combine large language models (LLMs) with vision encoders that bring forward unprecedented technical capabilities to leverage for a wide range of healthcare applications. Focusing on the domain of radiology, vision-language models (VLMs) achieve good performance results for tasks such as generating radiology findings based on a patient's medical image, or answering visual questions (e.g., 'Where are the nodules in this chest X-ray?'). However, the clinical utility of potential applications of these capabilities is currently underexplored. We engaged in an iterative, multidisciplinary design process to envision clinically relevant VLM interactions, and co-designed four VLM use concepts: Draft Report Generation, Augmented Report Review, Visual Search and Querying, and Patient Imaging History Highlights. We studied these concepts with 13 radiologists and clinicians who assessed the VLM concepts as valuable, yet articulated many design considerations. Reflecting on our findings, we discuss implications for integrating VLM capabilities in radiology, and for healthcare AI more generally., Comment: to appear at CHI 2024
Published: 2024
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20. RAD-DINO: Exploring Scalable Medical Image Encoders Beyond Text Supervision

Author: Pérez-García, Fernando, Sharma, Harshita, Bond-Taylor, Sam, Bouzid, Kenza, Salvatelli, Valentina, Ilse, Maximilian, Bannur, Shruthi, Castro, Daniel C., Schwaighofer, Anton, Lungren, Matthew P., Wetscherek, Maria, Codella, Noel, Hyland, Stephanie L., Alvarez-Valle, Javier, and Oktay, Ozan
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: Language-supervised pre-training has proven to be a valuable method for extracting semantically meaningful features from images, serving as a foundational element in multimodal systems within the computer vision and medical imaging domains. However, resulting features are limited by the information contained within the text. This is particularly problematic in medical imaging, where radiologists' written findings focus on specific observations; a challenge compounded by the scarcity of paired imaging-text data due to concerns over leakage of personal health information. In this work, we fundamentally challenge the prevailing reliance on language supervision for learning general purpose biomedical imaging encoders. We introduce RAD-DINO, a biomedical image encoder pre-trained solely on unimodal biomedical imaging data that obtains similar or greater performance than state-of-the-art biomedical language supervised models on a diverse range of benchmarks. Specifically, the quality of learned representations is evaluated on standard imaging tasks (classification and semantic segmentation), and a vision-language alignment task (text report generation from images). To further demonstrate the drawback of language supervision, we show that features from RAD-DINO correlate with other medical records (e.g., sex or age) better than language-supervised models, which are generally not mentioned in radiology reports. Finally, we conduct a series of ablations determining the factors in RAD-DINO's performance; notably, we observe that RAD-DINO's downstream performance scales well with the quantity and diversity of training data, demonstrating that image-only supervision is a scalable approach for training a foundational biomedical image encoder.
Published: 2024

21. Casting on Podcasts: Stitching Maker Identities into a Modern Sound Culture

Author: Hyland Wang, Jennifer, Hilmes, Michele, book editor, and Bottomley, Andrew J., book editor
Published: 2024
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22. Using Think Aloud to Investigate the Relationships Between Cognition, Psychophysiology, and Self-Paced Cycling Time-Trial Performance: A Methodological Examination

Author: Hyland-Monks, Robert, Marchant, David, and Cronin, Lorcan
Subjects: Cyclists -- Evaluation -- Physiological aspects -- Psychological aspects, Exercise tests -- Psychological aspects, Sports and fitness, Psychology and mental health
Abstract: Think Aloud (TA) has recently been used to capture cyclists' attentional focus and decision-making processes during exercise performance. However, the impact of using TA on self-paced exercise performance has not been empirically investigated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of TA on cycling time-trial performance (i.e., reactivity). This research also sought to investigate the associations between thought processes, cognition, and psychophysiology to better understand the psychology of pacing behaviour. Eight trained cyclists and eight untrained participants completed a 16 km baseline, No TA, and TA cycling time-trial. Perceived exertion and affect were measured during trials, and cognitive performance (i.e., via a flanker task) before and after trials. No difference in finish time, cognitive performance, or perceptual measures was found between the TA and No TA conditions, suggesting that TA does not adversely affect endurance performance. Interoceptive and self-regulatory verbalizations increased, whereas distraction-related verbalizations decreased as the time-trial progressed. This possibly reflects an external-to-internal shift in attention and subsequent self-regulatory efforts. This is reinforced by greater distraction-related verbalizations in a positive versus negative affective state. Power output verbalizations were significantly higher for trained cyclists versus their untrained counterparts. Concluding, TA appears feasible to adopt without undue influence on cycling time-trial performance. The technique can be used to investigate the psychology of endurance performance and could help develop theory-informed psychological interventions to optimise pacing and performance. Keywords: attention; cognition; cycling; endurance; pacing; performance; Think Aloud; thoughts, The limits of human fatigue have been researched for over 100 years; however, only in recent years has attention turned to the psychological components involved in the self-regulation of endurance [...]
Published: 2024

23. Interaction in Written Texts: A Bibliometric Study of Published Research

Author: Ken Hyland and Feng Jiang
Abstract: While writing involves interactions between writers and readers as each considers the other in creating and interpreting texts, research interest in written interaction is a fairly recent development. This paper uses a bibliometric analysis to trace the growing interest in written interaction over the past 30 years from its origins in philosophy, conversation analysis and sociocultural language pedagogy. To do so, we analyzed all 918 articles mentioning writing and interaction in the social science citation index since 1990, dividing the corpus into two periods following the massive increase in interest after 2005. We identify which topics have been most prevalent and which authors, publications, journals and countries most influential over time. The results indicate the growing importance of identity, genre, discipline, metadiscourse and stance, particularly drawing on corpus methods. We also note the participation of authors from more countries in publishing interaction research with the growth of authors from China becoming particularly visible. These findings may interest those working in written discourse analysis and scholarly publishing.
Published: 2023

24. Self-harm, Suicide, and ICD-11 Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Treatment-Seeking Adolescents with Major Depression

Author: Liu, Huanzhong, Ho, Grace W.K., Karatzias, Thanos, Shevlin, Mark, Wong, Kwan Ho, and Hyland, Philip
Published: 2024
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25. Validation of the ND-PAE Diagnosis in Children with Heavy Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Author: Veziris, Christina R., Hyland, Matthew T., Kable, Julie A., Wozniak, Jeffrey R., Coles, Claire D., May, Philip A., Kalberg, Wendy O., Sowell, Elizabeth R., Jones, Kenneth L., Riley, Edward P., and Mattson, Sarah N.
Published: 2024
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26. Development and validation of the caregiver-report version of the international depression questionnaire (IDQ-CG) and international anxiety questionnaire (IAQ-CG)

Author: Redican, Enya, Sachser, Cedric, Berliner, Lucy, Pfeiffer, Elisa, Martsenkovskyi, Dmytro, Hyland, Philip, Ben-Ezra, Menachem, and Shevlin, Mark
Published: 2024
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27. Differential in vivo roles of Mpl cytoplasmic tyrosine residues in murine hematopoiesis and myeloproliferative disease

Author: Behrens, Kira, Kauppi, Maria, Viney, Elizabeth M., Kueh, Andrew J., Hyland, Craig D., Willson, Tracy A., Salleh, Liam, de Graaf, Carolyn A., Babon, Jeffrey J., Herold, Marco J., Nicola, Nicos A., and Alexander, Warren S.
Published: 2024
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28. MAIRA-1: A specialised large multimodal model for radiology report generation

Author: Hyland, Stephanie L., Bannur, Shruthi, Bouzid, Kenza, Castro, Daniel C., Ranjit, Mercy, Schwaighofer, Anton, Pérez-García, Fernando, Salvatelli, Valentina, Srivastav, Shaury, Thieme, Anja, Codella, Noel, Lungren, Matthew P., Wetscherek, Maria Teodora, Oktay, Ozan, and Alvarez-Valle, Javier
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: We present a radiology-specific multimodal model for the task for generating radiological reports from chest X-rays (CXRs). Our work builds on the idea that large language model(s) can be equipped with multimodal capabilities through alignment with pre-trained vision encoders. On natural images, this has been shown to allow multimodal models to gain image understanding and description capabilities. Our proposed model (MAIRA-1) leverages a CXR-specific image encoder in conjunction with a fine-tuned large language model based on Vicuna-7B, and text-based data augmentation, to produce reports with state-of-the-art quality. In particular, MAIRA-1 significantly improves on the radiologist-aligned RadCliQ metric and across all lexical metrics considered. Manual review of model outputs demonstrates promising fluency and accuracy of generated reports while uncovering failure modes not captured by existing evaluation practices. More information and resources can be found on the project website: https://aka.ms/maira., Comment: 18 pages, 9 tables, 5 figures. v2 adds test IDs and image encoder citation. v3 fixes error in NPV/specificity
Published: 2023

29. Exploring the Boundaries of GPT-4 in Radiology

Author: Liu, Qianchu, Hyland, Stephanie, Bannur, Shruthi, Bouzid, Kenza, Castro, Daniel C., Wetscherek, Maria Teodora, Tinn, Robert, Sharma, Harshita, Pérez-García, Fernando, Schwaighofer, Anton, Rajpurkar, Pranav, Khanna, Sameer Tajdin, Poon, Hoifung, Usuyama, Naoto, Thieme, Anja, Nori, Aditya V., Lungren, Matthew P., Oktay, Ozan, and Alvarez-Valle, Javier
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract: The recent success of general-domain large language models (LLMs) has significantly changed the natural language processing paradigm towards a unified foundation model across domains and applications. In this paper, we focus on assessing the performance of GPT-4, the most capable LLM so far, on the text-based applications for radiology reports, comparing against state-of-the-art (SOTA) radiology-specific models. Exploring various prompting strategies, we evaluated GPT-4 on a diverse range of common radiology tasks and we found GPT-4 either outperforms or is on par with current SOTA radiology models. With zero-shot prompting, GPT-4 already obtains substantial gains ($\approx$ 10% absolute improvement) over radiology models in temporal sentence similarity classification (accuracy) and natural language inference ($F_1$). For tasks that require learning dataset-specific style or schema (e.g. findings summarisation), GPT-4 improves with example-based prompting and matches supervised SOTA. Our extensive error analysis with a board-certified radiologist shows GPT-4 has a sufficient level of radiology knowledge with only occasional errors in complex context that require nuanced domain knowledge. For findings summarisation, GPT-4 outputs are found to be overall comparable with existing manually-written impressions., Comment: EMNLP 2023 main
Published: 2023

30. TANAMI: Tracking Active Galactic Nuclei with Austral Milliarcsecond Interferometry. III. First-epoch S band images

Author: Benke, Petra, Rösch, Florian, Ros, Eduardo, Kadler, Matthias, Ojha, Roopesh, Edwards, Philip G., Horiuchi, Shinji, Hyland, Lucas J., Phillips, Chris, Quick, Jonathan F. H., Stevens, Jamie, Tzioumis, Anastasios K., and Weston, Stuart
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: With the emergence of very high energy astronomy (VHE; E>100 GeV), new open questions were presented to astronomers studying the multi-wavelength emission from blazars. Answers to these open questions, such as the Doppler crisis, and finding the location of the high-energy activity have eluded us thus far. Recently, quasi-simultaneous multi-wavelength monitoring programs have shown considerable success in investigating blazar activity. After the launch of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope in 2008, such quasi-simultaneous observations across the electromagnetic spectrum became possible. In addition, with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations we can resolve the central parsec region of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and compare morphological changes to the gamma-ray activity to study high-energy emitting blazars. To achieve our goals, we need sensitive, long-term VLBI monitoring of a complete sample of VHE detected AGN. We performed VLBI observations of TeV-detected AGN and high likelihood neutrino associations as of December of 2021 with the Long Baseline Array (LBA) and other southern hemisphere radio telescopes at 2.3 GHz. In this paper we present first light TANAMI S-band images, focusing on the TeV-detected sub-sample of the full TANAMI sample. Apart from these very high energy-detected sources, we also show images of the two flux density calibrators and two additional sources included in the observations. We study the redshift, 0.1-100 GeV photon flux and S-band core brightness temperature distributions of the TeV-detected objects, and find that flat spectrum radio quasars and low synchrotron peaked sources on average show higher brightness temperatures than high-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs. Sources with bright GeV gamma-ray emission also show higher brightness temperature values than gamma-low sources.
Published: 2023
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31. Generation of photoionized plasmas in the laboratory of relevance to accretion-powered x-ray sources using keV line radiation

Author: Riley, D., Singh, R. L., White, S, Charlwood, M., Bailie, D., Hyland, C., Audet, T., Sarri, G., Kettle, B., Gribakin, G., Rose, S. J., Hill, E. G., Ferland, G. J., Williams, R. J. R., and Keenan, F. P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: We describe laboratory experiments to generate X-ray photoionized plasmas of relevance to accretion-powered X-ray sources such as neutron star binaries and quasars, with significant improvements over previous work. A key quantity is referenced, namely the photoionization parameter. This is normally meaningful in an astrophysical steady-state context, but is also commonly used in the literature as a figure of merit for laboratory experiments that are, of necessity, time-dependent. We demonstrate emission-weighted values of {\xi} > 50 ergcm/s using laser-plasma X-ray sources, with higher results at the centre of the plasma which are in the regime of interest for several astrophysical scenarios. Comparisons of laboratory experiments with astrophysical codes are always limited, principally by the many orders of magnitude differences in time and spatial scales, but also other plasma parameters. However useful checks on performance can often be made for a limited range of parameters. For example, we show that our use of a keV line source, rather than the quasi-blackbody radiation fields normally employed in such experiments, has allowed the generation of the ratio of inner-shell to outer-shell photoionization expected from a blackbody source with ~keV spectral temperature. We compare calculations from our in-house plasma modelling code with those from Cloudy and find moderately good agreement for the time evolution of both electron temperature and average ionisation. However, a comparison of code predictions for a K-beta argon X-ray spectrum with experimental data reveals that our Cloudy simulation overestimates the intensities of more highly ionised argon species. This is not totally surprising as the Cloudy model was generated for a single set of plasma conditions, while the experimental data are spatially integrated., Comment: High Energy Density Physics, in press; 21 pages, 10 figures
Published: 2023

32. Transport Pricing Policies and Emerging Mobility Innovations

Author: Ghaffar, Arash, Ahmed, Tanjeeb, Nam, Daisik, and Hyland, Michael F, PhD
Subjects: Congestion pricing, user charges, parking, high occupancy vehicles lanes, travel behavior, travel demand, policy analysis
Abstract: Transportation pricing policies aim to manage vehicular demand for parking, dense urban areas, roadways, and highway lanes. Although pricing policies take various forms, most were designed in a world before the sharing economy and ride-sourcing companies. Hence, the efficacy of existing pricing policies in a world with shared mobility services requires further consideration. Moreover, future pricing policies designed to handle private vehicles and shared ride-sourcing vehicles must consider the behavior of both sets of travelers and vehicle fleets. This study develops a conceptual framework to support systems level analysis of pricing policies for a world with private and shared vehicle usage. It qualitatively analyzes the impact of shared vehicles on the effectiveness of various pricing policies, while also considering the role of vehicle-to-infrastructure technology. This conceptual framework will support future research that uses activity-based travel demand and dynamic network assignment models to evaluate congestion pricing policies in an era of shared mobility. Additionally, the study presents a detailed review of the literature related to transportation pricing together with a trend analysis on congestion pricing policies in Transportation Research Board annual meeting titles and abstracts.
Published: 2023

33. The Effect of Pesticide Spray Season and Residential Proximity to Agriculture on Glyphosate Exposure among Pregnant People in Southern Idaho, 2021.

Author: Curl, Cynthia, Hyland, Carly, Spivak, Meredith, Sheppard, Lianne, Lanphear, Bruce, Antoniou, Michael, Ospina, Maria, and Calafat, Antonia
Subjects: Female, Pregnancy, Humans, Pesticides, Seasons, Idaho, Agriculture, Environmental Exposure, Glyphosate
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Glyphosate is one of the most heavily used pesticides in the world, but little is known about sources of glyphosate exposure in pregnant people living in agricultural regions. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to evaluate glyphosate exposure during pregnancy in relation to residential proximity to agriculture as well as agricultural spray season. METHODS: We quantified glyphosate concentrations in 453 urine samples collected biweekly from a cohort of 40 pregnant people in southern Idaho from February through December 2021. We estimated each participants glyphosate exposure as the geometric mean (GM) of glyphosate concentrations measured in all samples (average n=11 samples/participant), as well as the GM of samples collected during the pesticide spray season (defined as those collected 1 May-15 August; average n=5 samples/participant) and the nonspray season (defined as those collected before 1 May or after 15 August; average n=6 samples/participant). We defined participants who resided
Published: 2023

34. Spatiotemporal cerebral blood flow dynamics underlies emergence of the limbic-sensorimotor-association cortical gradient in human infancy

Author: Minhui Ouyang, John A. Detre, Jessica L. Hyland, Kay L. Sindabizera, Emily S. Kuschner, J. Christopher Edgar, Yun Peng, and Hao Huang
Subjects: Science
Abstract: Abstract Infant cerebral blood flow (CBF) delivers nutrients and oxygen to fulfill brain energy consumption requirements for the fastest period of postnatal brain development across the lifespan. However, organizing principle of whole-brain CBF dynamics during infancy remains obscure. Leveraging a unique cohort of 100+ infants with high-resolution arterial spin labeled MRI, we find the emergence of the cortical hierarchy revealed by the highest-resolution infant CBF maps available to date. Infant CBF across cortical regions increases in a biphasic pattern featured by initial rapid and subsequently slower rate, and break-point ages increasing along the limbic-sensorimotor-association cortical gradient. Increases in CBF in sensorimotor cortices are associated with enhanced language and motor skills, and frontoparietal association cortices with cognitive skills. The study discovers emergence of the hierarchical limbic-sensorimotor-association cortical gradient in infancy and offers standardized reference of infant brain CBF and insight into the physiological basis of cortical specialization and real-world infant developmental functioning.
Published: 2024
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35. 100 Years of Inequality?: Irish Educational Policy since the Foundation of the State

Author: Judith Harford, Brian Fleming, and Áine Hyland
Abstract: 2022 marks one hundred years since the foundation of the Irish State, and thus an appropriate time in which to reflect on how educational policy has shaped the nation over the course of a century. This article examines one hundred years of education policy through an equality lens, asking how the concept of educational equality has been understood, fostered and mediated. Framing policy implementation across three defined periods, 1922-1959, 1960-1980 and 1981-2022, it argues that with the exception of a brief window which occurred during the 1960s, education policy has not been underpinned by rigorous policy formation based on considerations of social justice.
Published: 2024
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36. How Transparent Are Quantitative Studies in Contemporary Technology Education Research? Instrument Development and Analysis

Author: Jeffrey Buckley, Jeovan A. Araujo, Ifeoluwapo Aribilola, Iram Arshad, Muhammad Azeem, Ciara Buckley, Alison Fagan, Daniel P. Fitzpatrick, Diana A. Garza Herrera, Tomás Hyland, Muhammad Babar Imtiaz, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Eduardo Lanzagorta Garcia, Bhagyabati Moharana, Mohd Sufino Zuhaily Mohd Sufian, Katja Magdalena Osterwald, Joseph Phelan, Anastasia Platonava, Clodagh Reid, Michèle Renard, Laura G. Rodriguez Barroso, Jeremiah Scully, Gilberto Silva Nunes Bezerra, Tomasz Szank, Mehwish Tahir, Mairéad Teehan, Sowmya Vijayakumar, and Ismin Zainol
Abstract: Transparency in the reporting of empirical studies is foundational to a credible knowledge base. Higher levels of transparency, in addition to clarity in writing, also make research more accessible to a diverse readership. Previous research reviewed how transparently reported qualitative, interview-based, studies were in contemporary technology education research (Buckley et al. in Int J Technol Des Educ, 2021a. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-021-09695-1). The results illustrated that no article was fully transparent and that authors tended to be less transparent in some areas, such as the management of power imbalances and a saturation point, than in others, such as the methodology adopted and research setting. This article presents a similar study, however the focus of the investigation was on contemporary quantitative technology education research. An analysis of 46 articles revealed again that no article was fully transparent and that authors tended to be more transparent in some areas than others. Interestingly, the areas where authors or quantitative research tended to be more or less transparent were similar to the areas in which authors of qualitative research tended to be more or less transparent. These results have use in supporting researchers in the clear and transparent reporting of the empirical work and could be useful in the development of guides or support material for academic writing.
Published: 2024
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37. Mediated Performance in the Feedback Process: Reinforcing Improvement

Author: Yan Zhang and Ken Hyland
Abstract: Feedback on writing, we argue, consists of a series of micro-events which encourage students to make sense of task requirements, negotiate assessment decisions, and reorganize their performance. While students' interpretations of 'effective feedback' have been widely discussed and problematized, less attention has been devoted to how they improve their sense-making and navigate different feedback experiences. Drawing on interview and textual data from two Chinese students studying their master's degrees at a British university, this study explores how the students used coursework feedback to improve their writing. We show how they worked to create internal knowledge structures with the assistance of external resources. We see this as the students' "mediated performance" resulting from their engagement with feedback and reinforcing self-coordination at intrapersonal and interpersonal levels. We believe our analysis contributes to a better understanding of the influence of feedback by highlighting how it shapes, and is shaped by, ongoing interpretations of disciplinary, task-specific requirements.
Published: 2024
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38. Hyping the REF: Promotional Elements in Impact Submissions

Author: Ken Hyland and Feng (Kevin) Jiang
Abstract: The evaluation of research to allocate government funding to universities is now common across the globe. "The Research Excellence Framework," introduced in the UK in 2014, marked a major change by extending assessment beyond the 'quality' of published research to include its real-world 'impact'. Impact submissions were a key determinant of the £4 billion allocated to universities following the exercise. The case studies supporting claims for impact are therefore a high stakes genre, with writers keen to make the most persuasive argument for their work. In this paper we examine 800 of these 'impact case studies' from disciplines across the academic spectrum to explore the rhetorical presentation of impact. We do this by analysing authors' use of hyperbolic and promotional language to embroider their presentations, discovering substantial hyping with a strong preference for boosting the novelty and certainty of the claims made. Chemistry and physics, the most abstract and theoretical disciplines of our selection, contained the most hyping items with fewer as we move along the hard/pure - soft/applied continuum as the real-world value of work becomes more apparent. We also show that hyping varies with the "type" of impact, with items targeting technological, economic and cultural areas the most prolific.
Published: 2024
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39. Empowering Change: Assessing the Role of Democracy, Civil Society, and Women’s Rights Groups in Advancing Legal Gender Equality

Author: Behr, Daniela M., primary, Perrin, Caroline, additional, Hyland, Marie, additional, and Trumbic, Tea, additional
Published: 2024
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40. Search for Eccentric Black Hole Coalescences during the Third Observing Run of LIGO and Virgo

Author: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration, Abac, A. G., Abbott, R., Abe, H., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adamcewicz, C., Adhicary, S., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Aguiar, O. D., Aguilar, I., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Al-Jodah, A., Alléné, C., Allocca, A., Almualla, M., Altin, P. A., Álvarez-López, S., Amato, A., Amez-Droz, L., Amorosi, A., Anand, S., Ananyeva, A., Andersen, R., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Andia, M., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrés-Carcasona, M., Andrić, T., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Aoumi, M., Apostolatos, T., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Aritomi, N., Armato, F., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Arun, K. G., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., AultONeal, K., Babak, S., Badalyan, A., Badaracco, F., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bagnasco, S., Bai, Y., Baier, J. G., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Baltus, G., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Baral, P., Barayoga, J. C., Barber, J., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Barthelmy, S. D., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Basak, S., Basalaev, A., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Baxi, P., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Bazzan, M., Bécsy, B., Bedakihale, V. M., Beirnaert, F., Bejger, M., Bell, A. S., Benedetto, V., Beniwal, D., Benoit, W., Bentley, J. D., Yaala, M. Ben, Bera, S., Berbel, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Beroiz, M., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bevins, N., Bhandare, R., Bhandari, A. V., Bhardwaj, U., Bhatt, R., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bianchi, A., Bilenko, I. A., Bilicki, M., Billingsley, G., Binetti, A., Bini, S., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bischi, M., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boër, M., Bogaert, G., Boileau, G., Boldrini, M., Bolingbroke, G. N., Bonavena, L. D., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonilla, M. S., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braglia, M., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. D., Brozzetti, M. L., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bucci, F., Buchanan, J., Bulashenko, O., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burtnyk, K., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Davies, G. S. Cabourn, Cabras, G., Cabrita, R., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Cain III, H. W., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callaghan, J. D., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Santoro, G. Caneva, Cannavacciuolo, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, Z., Capistran, L. A., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlassara, M., Carlin, J. B., Carpinelli, M., Carter, J. J., Carullo, G., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Castaldi, G., Castro-Lucas, S. Y., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chalathadka-Subrahmanya, S., Chan, C., Chan, J. C. L., Chan, K. H. M., Chan, M., Chan, W. L., Chandra, K., Chang, I. P., Chang, R. -J., Chang, W., Chanial, P., Chao, S., Chapman-Bird, C., Charlton, E. L., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chastain, L., Chatterjee, C., Chatterjee, Debarati, Chatterjee, Deep, Chaturvedi, M., Chaty, S., Chatziioannou, K., Chen, A., Chen, A. H. -Y., Chen, D., Chen, H., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K. H., Chen, X., Chen, Y. -R., Chen, Y., Cheng, H., Chessa, P., Chia, H. Y., Chiadini, F., Chiang, C., Chiarini, G., Chiba, A., Chiba, R., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiofalo, M. L., Chiummo, A., Chou, C., Choudhary, S., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chung, K. W., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieślar, M., Cifaldi, M., Ciobanu, A. A., Ciolfi, R., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clarke, T. A., Clearwater, P., Clesse, S., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Codazzo, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Collins, J., Colombo, A., Colpi, M., Compton, C. M., Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrión, I., Corezzi, S., Cornish, N. J., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cottingham, R., Coughlin, M. W., Couineaux, A., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Coupechoux, J. -F., Cousins, B., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Cowburn, B. D., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Criswell, A. W., Crockett-Gray, J. C. G., Croquette, M., Crouch, R., Crowder, S. G., Cudell, J. R., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cuoco, E., Curyło, M., Cusinato, M., Dabadie, P., Canton, T. Dal, Dall'Osso, S., Dálya, G., D'Angelo, B., Danilishin, S., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darroch, K. E., Darsow-Fromm, C., Dartez, L. P., Dasgupta, A., Datta, S., Dattilo, V., Daumas, A., Dave, I., Davenport, A., Davier, M., Davis, D., Davis, M. C., Daw, E. J., Dax, M., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., Del Favero, V., De Lillo, F., Dell'Aquila, D., Del Pozzo, W., De Marco, F., De Matteis, F., D'Emilio, V., Demos, N., Dent, T., Depasse, A., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., De Simone, R., Dhurandhar, S., Diab, R., Diamond, P. Z., Díaz, M. C., Didio, N. A., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Fronzo, C., Di Giovanni, F., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Diksha, D., Di Lieto, A., Di Michele, A., Ding, J., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Divyajyoti, Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., Dohmen, E., Doleva, P. P., Donahue, L., D'Onofrio, L., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Dooney, T., Doravari, S., Dorosh, O., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Drori, Y., Du, H., Ducoin, J. -G., Dunn, L., Dupletsa, U., D'Urso, D., Duval, H., Duverne, P. -A., Dwyer, S. E., Eassa, C., Ebersold, M., Eckhardt, T., Eddolls, G., Edelman, B., Edo, T. B., Edy, O., Effler, A., Eichholz, J., Einsle, H., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Ejlli, A., Engelby, E., Engl, A. J., Errico, L., Essick, R. C., Estellés, H., Estevez, D., Etzel, T., Evans, C. R., Evans, M., Evans, T. M., Evstafyeva, T., Ewing, B. E., Ezquiaga, J. M., Fabrizi, F., Faedi, F., Fafone, V., Fair, H., Fairhurst, S., Fan, P. C., Farah, A. M., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Fauchon-Jones, E. J., Favaro, G., Favata, M., Fays, M., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Fenyvesi, E., Ferguson, D. L., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, T. A., Fidecaro, F., Fiori, A., Fiori, I., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V., Flaminio, R., Fleischer, S. M., Fleming, L. S., Floden, E., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Fornal, B., Forsyth, P. W. F., Franceschetti, K., Franke, A., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Mascioli, A. Frattale, Frei, Z., Freise, A., Freitas, O., Frey, R., Frischhertz, W., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fronzé, G. G., Fujii, S., Fukunaga, I., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gabella, W. E., Gadre, B., Gair, J. R., Gais, J., Galaudage, S., Gallardo, S., Gamba, R., Ganapathy, D., Ganguly, A., Gaonkar, S. G., Garaventa, B., Garcia-Bellido, J., García-Núñez, C., García-Quirós, C., Gardner, J. W., Gardner, K. A., Gargiulo, J., Garufi, F., Gasbarra, C., Gateley, B., Gayathri, V., Gemme, G., Gennai, A., George, J., Gerberding, O., Gergely, L., Ghadiri, N., Ghosh, Abhirup, Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, Shaon, Ghosh, Shrobana, Ghosh, Suprovo, Ghosh, Tathagata, Giacoppo, L., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Gibson, D. R., Gier, C., Giri, P., Gissi, F., Gkaitatzis, S., Glanzer, J., Gleckl, A. E., Glotin, F., Godfrey, J., Godwin, P., Goetz, E., Goetz, R., Golomb, J., Lopez, S. Gomez, Goncharov, B., González, G., Goodwin-Jones, A. 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D., Martín, E. N. Tapia San, Tarafder, R., Taranto, C., Taruya, A., Tasson, J. D., Teloi, M., Tenorio, R., Terkowski, L., Themann, H., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, L. M., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tissino, J., Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, Srishti, Tiwari, V., Toivonen, A. M., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomita, K., Tomura, T., Tonelli, M., Toriyama, A., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., Toscani, M., Melo, I. Tosta e, Tournefier, E., Trani, A. A., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trenado, J., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsutsui, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Turski, C., Ubach, H., Ubhi, A. S., Uchikata, N., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Uehara, T., Ueno, K., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Ushiba, T., Utina, A., Vahlbruch, H., Vaidya, N., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valentini, M., Vallejo-Peña, S. A., Vallero, S., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van Dael, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Sluys, M., Van de Walle, A., van Dongen, J., van Haevermaet, H., van Heijningen, J. V., Vanosky, J., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Ranst, Z., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varma, V., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venneberg, J., Verdier, P., Verkindt, D., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Vermeulen, S. M., Veske, D., Vetrano, F., Veutro, A., Viceré, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vincent, E. T., Vinet, J. -Y., Viret, S., Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vocca, H., Voigt, D., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Walet, R. C., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watada, K., Watarai, D., Wayt, K. E., Weaver, B., Weaving, C. R., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Weller, C. M., Weller, R. A., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., White, D. D., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wildberger, J. B., Wilk, O. S., Wilken, D., Willetts, K., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wils, M., Wipf, C. C., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wong, D., Wong, H. T., Wong, I. C. F., Wright, M., Wu, C., Wu, D. S., Wu, H., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., Xu, V. A., Yadav, N., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, M., Yamamoto, T. S., Yamamoto, T., Yamamura, S., Yamazaki, R., Yan, S., Yang, F. W., Yang, K. Z., Yang, L. -C., Yang, Y. -C., Yang, Yang, Yang, Yi, Yap, M. J., Yarbrough, Z., Yeh, S. -W., Yelikar, A. B., Yeung, S. M. C., Yeung, T. Y., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yu, H., Yuzurihara, H., Zadrożny, A., Zannelli, A. J., Zanolin, M., Zeeshan, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, T., Zhang, Yanqi, Zhang, Ya, Zhao, C., Zhao, Yue, Zhao, Yuhang, Zheng, Y., Zhong, H., Zhou, R., Zhu, Z. -H., Zimmerman, A. B., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Despite the growing number of confident binary black hole coalescences observed through gravitational waves so far, the astrophysical origin of these binaries remains uncertain. Orbital eccentricity is one of the clearest tracers of binary formation channels. Identifying binary eccentricity, however, remains challenging due to the limited availability of gravitational waveforms that include effects of eccentricity. Here, we present observational results for a waveform-independent search sensitive to eccentric black hole coalescences, covering the third observing run (O3) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. We identified no new high-significance candidates beyond those that were already identified with searches focusing on quasi-circular binaries. We determine the sensitivity of our search to high-mass (total mass $M>70$ $M_\odot$) binaries covering eccentricities up to 0.3 at 15 Hz orbital frequency, and use this to compare model predictions to search results. Assuming all detections are indeed quasi-circular, for our fiducial population model, we place an upper limit for the merger rate density of high-mass binaries with eccentricities $0 < e \leq 0.3$ at $0.33$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ at 90\% confidence level., Comment: 24 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2023

41. Incentive Engineering for Concurrent Games

Author: Hyland, David, Gutierrez, Julian, and Wooldridge, Michael
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory, Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science, Computer Science - Multiagent Systems
Abstract: We consider the problem of incentivising desirable behaviours in multi-agent systems by way of taxation schemes. Our study employs the concurrent games model: in this model, each agent is primarily motivated to seek the satisfaction of a goal, expressed as a Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) formula; secondarily, agents seek to minimise costs, where costs are imposed based on the actions taken by agents in different states of the game. In this setting, we consider an external principal who can influence agents' preferences by imposing taxes (additional costs) on the actions chosen by agents in different states. The principal imposes taxation schemes to motivate agents to choose a course of action that will lead to the satisfaction of their goal, also expressed as an LTL formula. However, taxation schemes are limited in their ability to influence agents' preferences: an agent will always prefer to satisfy its goal rather than otherwise, no matter what the costs. The fundamental question that we study is whether the principal can impose a taxation scheme such that, in the resulting game, the principal's goal is satisfied in at least one or all runs of the game that could arise by agents choosing to follow game-theoretic equilibrium strategies. We consider two different types of taxation schemes: in a static scheme, the same tax is imposed on a state-action profile pair in all circumstances, while in a dynamic scheme, the principal can choose to vary taxes depending on the circumstances. We investigate the main game-theoretic properties of this model as well as the computational complexity of the relevant decision problems., Comment: In Proceedings TARK 2023, arXiv:2307.04005
Published: 2023
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42. Correction: Flavored electronic nicotine delivery system product use among adults in New York State post-statewide restriction implementation

Author: Fix, Brian V., Bansal-Travers, Maansi, Hyland, Andrew, Najm, Liane M., Diaz, Destiny, Sharma, Akshika, Ossip, Deborah J., and O’Connor, Richard J.
Published: 2024
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43. Professional Identity Formation of Basic Science Medical Educators: A Qualitative Study of Identity Supports and Threats.

Author: Brooks, Joanna, Dickinson, Bonny, Quesnelle, Kelly, Bonaminio, Giulia, Chalk-Wilayto, Janine, Dahlman, Kimberly, Fulton, Tracy, Hyland, Katherine, Kruidering, Marieke, Osheroff, Neil, Tuan, Rupa, and Ho, Ming-Jung
Subjects: Humans, Social Identification, Education, Medical, Education, Medical, Undergraduate, Faculty, Qualitative Research
Abstract: PURPOSE: Basic science medical educators (BSME) play a vital role in the training of medical students, yet little is known about the factors that shape their professional identities. This multi-institutional qualitative study investigated factors that support and threaten the professional identity formation (PIF) of these medical educators. METHOD: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted with a purposive sample of 58 BSME from 7 allopathic medical schools in the U.S. In-depth semi-structured interviews of individual BSME were conducted between December 2020 and February 2021 to explore the facilitators and barriers shaping the PIF of BSME. Thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Factors shaping PIF were grouped into 3 broad domains: personal, social, and structural. Interrelated themes described a combination of factors that pushed BSME into teaching (early or positive teaching experiences) and kept them there (satisfaction and rewards of teaching, communities of like-minded people), as well as factors that challenged their PIF (misunderstanding from medical students, clinical, and research faculty, lack of formal training programs, and lack of tenure-track educator positions). The structural environment was reported to be crucial for PIF and determined whether BSME felt that they belonged and were valued. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that although most BSME derive a sense of fulfillment and meaning from their role as medical educators, they face considerable obstacles during their PIF. Structural change and support are needed to increase recognition, value, promotion, and belonging for BSME to improve the satisfaction and retention of this important group of faculty.
Published: 2023

44. Changes in Tobacco Dependence and Association With Onset and Progression of Use by Product Type From Waves 1 to 3 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study

Author: Strong, David R, Pierce, John P, White, Martha, Stone, Matthew D, Abrams, David B, Glasser, Allison M, Wackowski, Olivia A, Cummings, K Michael, Hyland, Andrew, Taylor, Kristie, Edwards, Kathryn C, Silveira, Marushka L, Kimmel, Heather L, Compton, Wilson M, Hull, Lynn C, and Niaura, Raymond
Subjects: Public Health, Health Sciences, Cancer, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Tobacco, Substance Misuse, Prevention, Brain Disorders, Tobacco Smoke and Health, Clinical Research, Pediatric Research Initiative, 3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing, Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Adolescent, Humans, United States, Tobacco Use Disorder, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, Longitudinal Studies, Tobacco Products, Tobacco Use, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Marketing, Epidemiology, Public health
Abstract: IntroductionThis study examined trajectories of tobacco dependence (TD) in relationship to changes in tobacco product use, and explored the effects of product-specific adding, switching, or discontinued use on dependence over time.MethodsData were analyzed from the first three waves from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal study of adults and youth in the United States (U.S.). Data included 9556 Wave 1 (2013/2014) adult current established tobacco users aged 18 or older who completed all three interviews and had established use at ≥2 assessments. Mutually exclusive groups included: users of cigarettes only, e-cigarettes only, cigars only, hookah only, any smokeless only, cigarette + e-cigarette dual users, and other multiple product users. A validated 16-item scale assessed TD across product users.ResultsPeople who used e-cigarettes exclusively at Wave 1 had small increases in TD through Wave 3. Wave 1 multiple product users' TD decreased across waves. TD for all other Wave 1 user groups remained about the same. For Wave 1 cigarette only smokers, switching to another product was associated with lower levels of TD than smokers whose use stayed the same. Movement to no established use of any tobacco product was consistently associated with lower TD for all product users.ConclusionsExcept for Wave 1 e-cigarette only users (who experienced small increases in TD), TD among U.S. tobacco product users was stable over time, with daily users less likely to vary from baseline.ImplicationsThe level of TD among most U.S. tobacco users was stable over the first three waves of the PATH Study and trends in levels of TD were predominantly unrelated to changes in patterns of continued product use. Stable levels of TD suggest a population at persistent risk of health impacts from tobacco. Wave 1 e-cigarette users experienced small increases in levels of TD over time, perhaps due to increases in quantity or frequency of their e-cigarette use or increasing efficiency of nicotine delivery over time.
Published: 2023

45. Spatiotemporal cerebral blood flow dynamics underlies emergence of the limbic-sensorimotor-association cortical gradient in human infancy

Author: Ouyang, Minhui, Detre, John A., Hyland, Jessica L., Sindabizera, Kay L., Kuschner, Emily S., Edgar, J. Christopher, Peng, Yun, and Huang, Hao
Published: 2024
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46. Author Correction: The consequences of tetraploidy on Caenorhabditis elegans physiology and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics

Author: Misare, Kelly R., Ampolini, Elizabeth A., Gonzalez, Hyland C., Sullivan, Kaitlan A., Li, Xin, Miller, Camille, Sosseh, Bintou, Dunne, Jaclyn B., Voelkel-Johnson, Christina, Gordon, Kacy L., and Hartman, Jessica H.
Published: 2024
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47. Central amygdala CRF+ neurons promote heightened threat reactivity following early life adversity in mice

Author: Demaestri, Camila, Pisciotta, Margaux, Altunkeser, Naira, Berry, Georgia, Hyland, Hannah, Breton, Jocelyn, Darling, Anna, Williams, Brenna, and Bath, Kevin G.
Published: 2024
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48. A phase 3 randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial of mirtazapine as a pharmacotherapy for methamphetamine use disorder: a study protocol for the Tina Trial

Author: McKetin, Rebecca, Degan, Tayla J., Saunders, Lucy, Nguyen, Long, Dore, Gregory, Shoptaw, Steven, Farrell, Michael, Degenhardt, Louisa, Kelly, Peter J., Turner, Alyna, Clare, Philip J., Dean, Olivia M., Arunogiri, Shalini, Colledge-Frisby, Samantha, Koeijers, Juanita, Goodman-Meza, David, Sinclair, Barbara, Reid, David, Hill, Harry, Hayllar, Jeremy, Christmass, Michael, Cordaro, Frank, Lundin, Robert, Liaw, Willy, Liu, Danica, Holyoak, Ellie, Wu, Brian Tid-Fung, Keygan, Joel, Kontogiannis, Ava, Palmer, Lily, Morrison, Caity, Wrobel, Anna, Hyland, Bec, Byrne, Marianne, Russell, Samantha, Zahra, Emma, and Berk, Michael
Published: 2024
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49. Respiratory symptoms and outcomes among cigar smokers: findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study waves 2–5 (2014–2019)

Author: Sharma, Eva, Lauten, Kristin, Zebrak, Katarzyna A., Edwards, Kathryn C., VanEtten, Samantha, Benson, Adam F., Delnevo, Cristine D., Marshall, Daniela, Kimmel, Heather L., Taylor, Kristie A., Bansal-Travers, Maansi, Hyland, Andrew, and Cummings, K. Michael
Published: 2024
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50. Improving medication prescribing-related outcomes for vulnerable elderly in transitions on high-risk medications (IMPROVE-IT HRM): a pilot randomized trial protocol

Author: Holbrook, Anne, Perri, Dan, Levine, Mitch, Mbuagbaw, Lawrence, Jarmain, Sarah, Thabane, Lehana, Tarride, Jean-Eric, Dolovich, Lisa, Hyland, Sylvia, Telford, Victoria, Silva, Jessyca, and Nieuwstraten, Carmine
Published: 2024
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