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Esterase PF1-K from Pseudomonas sp. KTCC 10122BP was overproduced by the fed-batch culture of Escherichia coli . The soluble expression of esterase PF1-K was achieved by shifting the culture temperature from 37 to 25 °C at the time of IPTG induction. The enzyme was partially purified to about 75% purity by a single-step hydrophobic interaction column chromatography. The purified enzyme exhibited a fairly high enantioselectivity towards the hydrolysis of rac-flurbiprofen ethyl ester. The enzymatic chiral resolution was further improved by optimizing the reaction conditions in terms of reaction rate and enantioselectivity. The optimal reaction conditions were found to be 40 °C, pH 10.5 and 600 mM of initial rac-flurbiprofen ethyl ester. After 90 min of batch reaction under the optimal conditions, 50% of the initial rac-flurbiprofen was hydrolyzed with an enantiomeric excess of 99%.

The gene encoding human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) was expressed as a fusion protein with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae -derived prepro α-factor leader in the methylotrophic yeast Hansenula polymorpha . The recombinant hEGF(1–53), when secreted by H. polymorpha , rapidly cleaved to hEGF(1–52) by carboxy-terminal proteolysis, resulting in the accumulation of C-terminal-truncated hEGF(1–52) in the culture medium. To solve this problem, we constructed a H. polymorpha mutant in which the KEX1 gene coding for carboxypeptidase yscα was disrupted. The extent of C-terminal proteolysis of hEGF was significantly reduced when this kex1 disruptant was used as a host strain. After 24 h of shake-flask culture, most of the hEGF secreted by the kex1 disruptant remained intact, whereas more than 90% of the hEGF secreted by the wild-type was C-terminally cleaved. The recombinant hEGF was purified to >98% purity by two sequential steps of preparative scale anion exchange chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC. The authenticity of purified hEGF was confirmed by HPLC, N-terminal amino acid sequencing, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy analyses.

An optically pure ( S )-naproxen was produced by two-step acetone-treated Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) through enantioselective hydrolysis of racemic naproxen methyl ester. The two-step acetone-treated CRL was much more enantioselective than the crude CRL towards the hydrolysis of ( R,S )-naproxen methyl ester, yielding an enantiomeric excess (ee p ) of >98% and an enantiomeric ratio ( E ) of >100. In terms of hydrolysis reaction rate and enantioselectivity, the optimal reaction conditions were found to be 37 °C and pH 6.0. The scaled-up production of ( S )-naproxen was performed in a batch reactor containing 200 ml of substrate solution (50 mM MES buffer containing 200 mM ( R,S )-naproxen methyl ester). After 156 h of reaction, 38.4% of the initial ( R,S )-naproxen methyl ester was hydrolyzed, yielding an enantiomeric excess of 98% and an enantiomeric ratio of>100. Finally, ( S )-naproxen was recovered from the reaction mixture with an optical purity of 98% and a recovery yield of 95%.

Simple procedures have been devised for purifying recombinant human interleukin-2 (hIL-2), which was expressed inEscherichia coli using sequences of glucagon molecules and enterokinase cleavage site as an N-terminus fusion partner. The insoluble aggregates of recombinant fusion protein produced inE. coli cytoplasm were easily dissolved by simple alkaline pH shift (8→12→8). Following enterokinase cleavage, the recombinant hIL-2 was finally purified by one-step reversed-phase HPLC with high purity. The ease and high efficiency of this simple purification process seem to mainly result from the role of used glucagon fusion partner, which could be applied to the production of other therapeutically important proteins.