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2024 MAY 9 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Women's Health Weekly -- Investigators discuss new findings in methemoglobinemia. According to news originating from Los Angeles, California, [...]

2022 NOV 26 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Investigators discuss new findings in pharmacy practice. According to news reporting from [...]

2021 DEC 11 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- A new study on Health and Medicine - Emergency Medicine is now [...]

2020 OCT 17 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Current study results on hydroxocobalamin therapy have been published. According to news [...]

2020 JUL 11 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week -- Investigators publish new report on Drugs and Therapies - Urinary Antiinfectives. According [...]

Introduction. This article reports the results of a retrospective study of 8 years of experience of the Paris Fire Brigade with the prehospital use of hydroxocobalamin. Methods. The head physician at the Paris Fire Brigade extracted and summarized data from standardized forms completed at the fire scene and, when available, hospital reports to assess survival status and clinical parameters associated with the use of hydroxocobalamin for each patient who received it for smoke inhalation-associated cyanide poisoning from 1995 to 2003. Results. Of the 101 patients administered hydroxocobalamin, 30 survived, 42 died (17 at the fire scene and 25 at the intensive-care unit), and survival status was not known in the remaining 29 patients. Among the 72 patients for whom survival status was known, survival rate was 41.7% after the administration of hydroxocobalamin. Of the 38 patients found in cardiac arrest, 21 had a return of spontaneous circulation during prehospital care. Of the 12 patients who were initially hemodynamically unstable (systolic blood pressure 0 to [less than or equal to] 90 mmHg), 9 recovered systolic blood pressure an average of 30.6 minutes after the start of hydroxocobalamin infusion. Among nonsedated patients in the sample as a whole (n = 52), mean (SD) Glasgow coma scale score improved from 7.9 (5.4) initially to 8.5 (5.7) after administration of hydroxocobalamin. Among nonsedated patients who were initially neurologically impaired (n = 18), Glasgow coma scale score improved in 9 patients, did not change in 8 patients, and worsened in 1 patient. Two adverse events--red or pink coloration of urine or skin (n = 5) and cutaneous rash (n = 1)--were assessed as being possibly related to hydroxocobalamin. Conclusion. Hydroxocobalamin has a risk:benefit ratio rendering it suitable for prehospital use in the management of acute cyanide poisoning caused by smoke inhalation. Keywords Cyanide; Hydroxocobalamin; Inhalation; Fire; Smoke; Antidote, INTRODUCTION Inhalation of smoke in closed-space fires is an underrecognized but common source of cyanide poisoning (1,2), which plays a part in the approximately 4,000 fire-attributed deaths in the United [...]

Introduction. The efficacy of hydroxocobalamin for acute cyanide poisoning was compared with that of saline vehicle in dogs. Methods. Anesthetized adult beagle dogs were administered potassium cyanide (0.4 mg/kg/min, IV) until 3 min after the onset of apnea. Hydroxocobalamin (75 mg/kg [n = 19] or 150 mg/kg [n = 18], IV) or saline vehicle [n = 17] was then infused over 7.5 min while animals were ventilated with 100% oxygen, which was stopped after 15 min. Results. In vehicle-treated animals cyanide produced deterioration that culminated in a moribund state requiring euthanasia within 4 h in 10 of 17 animals and in neurological deficits necessitating euthanasia within 2-4 d in an additional 4 animals (mortality rate 82%). Survival through 14 d was observed in 15 of 19 animals administered hydroxocobalamin 75 mg/kg (mortality rate 21%), and 18 of 18 administered hydroxocobalamin 150 mg/ kg (mortality rate 0%). Conclusion. Hydroxocobalamin reversed cyanide toxicity and reduced mortality in a canine model. Keywords Hydroxocobalamin; Cyanides; Antidotes, INTRODUCTION The cyanide antidote hydroxocobalamin, the natural form of vitamin [B.sub.12a], is being investigated for possible introduction in the United States (1-3). Hydroxocobalamin was first licensed for the treatment of [...]

The World Health Organization (WHO) considers cyanide to be a priority chemical with respect to the environment and human health (1). Acute exposure to cyanide causes significant morbidity and mortality [...]