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Diabetes mellitus, a widespread chronic illness categorized by elevated blood sugar levels, poses a significant health burden. This study aimed to synthesize an optimal oleogel formula and investigate its impact on accelerating diabetic wound healing through a multidimensional approach. The evaluation spanned in vitro examination utilizing bacterial cultures, and in vivo assessments on mice, involving a meticulous 9‐day observation of wound healing percentages. The successful synthesis and characterization of AgNPs and Na‐CMC laid the foundation for further exploration. Oleogel formulation optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) revealed the most effective composition featuring Na‐CMC at 4.5 %, beeswax at 12.5 %, and a stirring temperature of 80 °C. Manufacturing success was affirmed through comprehensive testing encompassing pH, organoleptic properties, dispersion, gelation time, and FTIR analyses. Characteristics of extracted nanoparticles were scrutinized through SEM‐EDX, PSA, and Zetapotential tests. In vitro evaluations showcased the commendable antibacterial activity of AgNPs. Notably, in vivo observations highlighted the superior wound healing capabilities of oleogel ointment enriched with AgNPs. These findings collectively underscore the promising potential of the synthesized oleogel in promoting the healing process for diabetic wounds, validated through diverse analytical approaches, marking a significant stride toward effective therapeutic interventions in diabetes‐related wound management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the biology and cultivation of the Hyacinthus Orientalis species, emphasizing the importance of flowers in human life. The study focuses on the characteristics and quality of three varieties of Hyacinthus Orientalis, including measurements such as plant height, flower length, and storage duration. The findings indicate that the storage time of cut flowers ranges from 8 to 12 days, and the number of flowers on the stem can vary from 8 to 23. The article provides descriptions of two specific varieties, Blue Jacket and Pink Pearl, including their preferred growing conditions and flowering periods. It also discusses the biology of hyacinths and their response to technological measures. The document provides research data on the number of petals and storage time duration of three varieties of Hyacinthus orientalis flowers, suggesting that introducing varieties with many flowers and long storage times would be beneficial. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Glasnik Zastite Bilja is the property of Zadruzna Stampa D.D. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effect of music on people has been known for years and is still being researched from different aspects. The effects of music and sound waves on ornamental plants, whose effects on some vegetables, fruits and grains are examined, are also inquired. Especially the positive change in the development and showiness of the flowers of ornamental plant species with commercial importance will increase the market value of the plant. Again, with the effect of this sound wave, in order for the plants and their flowers to show the expected development, they should benefit from the planting environment and growing conditions at the maximum level. In the measurements taken from hyacinths (Hyacinthus orientalis L.) at the end of the duration that the plants were exposed to different types of sounds in different intensities, it was observed that these factors positively affected these parameters successively; 1 hour of bird sound in 50 dB, the number of leaves; 1 hour of bird sound in 90 dB, leaf width and floret length; 3 hours of bird sound in 70 dB, floret number; 3 hours of bird sound in 90 dB, the plant and flower height; 1 hour of bee sound in 50 dB, the stem thickness; 3 hours of vehicle sound in 50 dB, flower and floret width; 3 hours of vehicle sound in 70 dB, leaf length. At the end of the study, whereas it was determined that the bee sound had the least effect on the growth and flowering of the hyacinth, it was observed that the bird and vehicle sounds, that the plants were expose to in different intensities and durations, had a positive effect.

The effect of music on people has been known for years and is still being researched from different aspects. The effects of music and sound waves on ornamental plants, whose effects on some vegetables, fruits and grains are examined, are also inquired. Especially the positive change in the development and showiness of the flowers of ornamental plant species with commercial importance will increase the market value of the plant. Again, with the effect of this sound wave, in order for the plants and their flowers to show the expected development, they should benefit from the planting environment and growing conditions at the maximum level. In the measurements taken from hyacinths (Hyacinthus orientalis L.) at the end of the duration that the plants were exposed to different types of sounds in different intensities, it was observed that these factors positively affected these parameters successively; 1 hour of bird sound in 50 dB, the number of leaves; 1 hour of bird sound in 90 dB, leaf width and floret length; 3 hours of bird sound in 70 dB, floret number; 3 hours of bird sound in 90 dB, the plant and flower height; 1 hour of bee sound in 50 dB, the stem thickness; 3 hours of vehicle sound in 50 dB, flower and floret width; 3 hours of vehicle sound in 70 dB, leaf length. At the end of the study, whereas it was determined that the bee sound had the least effect on the growth and flowering of the hyacinth, it was observed that the bird and vehicle sounds, that the plants were expose to in different intensities and durations, had a positive effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Soil Science & Plant Nutrition / Toprak Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme Dergisi is the property of Soil Science Society of Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The reuse of treated wastewater for agriculture and other purposes is globally recognized as a reliable water source. Constructed wetlands are cost-effective and reliable green technologies for wastewater treatment, offering an environmentally friendly and affordable solution with minimal operational and maintenance requirements. This study assessed four wetland technologies (HFWSF, VFSF, VSSF, and HSSF) for treating greywater according to regulatory standards. The technologies effectively maintained pH levels, and both treated and untreated greywater samples met FEPA limits. They efficiently reduced dissolved and suspended particles, remaining below FEPA discharge limits for conductivity, TDS, turbidity, and TSS. However, elevated ammonia levels in both treated and untreated samples required additional treatment or mitigation. Sulphate levels were successfully mitigated, and phosphorus limits were met, with HFWSF already compliant even before treatment. Nitrate levels were reduced to meet FEPA limits, ensuring regulatory compliance. While BOD limits were met in both treated and untreated samples, untreated samples exceeded COD limits, necessitating more efficient treatment methods. HFWSF and HSSF complied with COD limits, whereas VFSF and VSSF did not. Both treated and untreated samples exceeded FEPA limits for oil and grease, indicating the need for additional treatment. Untreated samples exhibited high coliform contamination levels, underscoring the importance of effective treatment. However, all technologies successfully reduced coliform levels in treated samples, meeting FEPA limits and confirming treatment effectiveness. The combination of Typha (Domingensis) in the horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland improved pollutant removal, nutrient removal, and contaminant elimination. Incorporating water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) with horizontal free water surface flow wetland technology demonstrated the highest efficacy in removing various pollutants. This combination outperformed other wetland technologies in effectively removing pollutants, including ammonia (60%), oil and grease (78.46%), COD (85%), TP (37.04%), FC (75%), and TC (79.59%), representing significant progress in greywater treatment.

The ornamental plant market is short on supply of flowering species during the late autumn and winter period, and demand increases during the Christmas holidays. Cultivation of cold-resistant geophytes that spent the summer dormant and formed flower buds for the next season is relatively simple and falls at a time when protected areas for seasonal production are not used to their maximum capacity. The aim of this paper is to explain the life cycle of geophytes that form flowers during the summer, and the procedures for obtaining flowering potted plants for the late autumn and winter period when there is a lack of such species on the market. Using the example of hyacinths and daffodils, as species that are represented in greater numbers on the European market, and which spend an apparent rest during the summer, the procedure of pre-treatment with cold and cultivation in a protected area for the production of flowering potted plants as well as plants for cutting is explained

It was in Love in Earnest (1970), one of the rare studies ever written on Uranian poetry, that Timothy d'Arch Smith chose the name 'Uranians' to designate a group of English poets and artists who shared a common love for boys and poetry in a period that went from about 1880 to 1930. These poets resorted to a set of symbols and imagery as a mode to conceal the object of their writings, appropriating fin-de-siècle Decadence and modelling a real 'fashion', an artistic attitude that might well be defined as 'Decadent Neoclassicism'. The aim of this article is to examine the uses and functions of flowers in Uranian poetry, and more specifically two peculiar flowers often associated with malemale love as from the late nineteenth century: hyacinths and narcissi. One of the reasons behind their employment goes beyond aesthetic choices, as they are part of those ways adopted to conceal - or, simultaneously, highlight - the Uranian theme. Once outlined the polarities of an aporia of light and shade, candour and censorship, which can be traced in different hues in each and every author and text of my corpus, I will consider the possible Uranian influences on the works of those who, at least in their explicit intentions, would flee from such a poetics: the Modernist poets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve agricultural performance and obtain potential economic benefits, an understanding of phylogenetic relationships of Hyacinthus cultivars is needed. This study aims to revisit the phylogenetic relationships of Hyacinthus cultivars using complete chloroplast genomes. Nine chloroplast genomes were de novo sequenced, assembled and annotated from seven cultivars of Hyacinthus orientalis and two Scilloideae species including Bellevalia paradoxa and Scilla siberica. The chloroplast genomes of Hyacinthus cultivars ranged from 154,458 bp to 154,641 bp, while those of Bellevalia paradoxa and Scilla siberica were 154,020 bp and 154,943 bp, respectively. Each chloroplast genome was annotated with 133 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 38 transfer RNA genes and 8 ribosomal RNA genes. Simple sequence repeats AAGC/CTTG and ACTAT/AGTAT were identified only in 'Eros', while AAATC/ATTTG were identified in all cultivars except 'Eros'. Five haplotypes were identified based on 460 variable sites. Combined with six other previously published chloroplast genomes of Scilloideae, a sliding window analysis and a phylogenetic analysis were performed. Divergence hotspots ndhA and trnG-UGC were identified with a nucleotide diversity threshold at 0.04. The phylogenetic positions of Hyacinthus cultivars were different from the previous study using ISSR. Complete chloroplast genomes serve as new evidence in Hyacinthus cultivar phylogeny, contributing to cultivar identification, preservation and breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urinary Incontinence (UI) negatively impact women’s physical, psychological and health-related quality of life. Pelvic strengthening exercise is the first line management in UI. We hypothesized that Hyacinth exercise is better than Pelvic Floor Exercise (PFE) in strengthening pelvic floor muscles, thus reducing female urinary incontinence. This randomized controlled trial involved 180 women with UI. Participants were taught on either Hyacinth exercise or PFE alone. Improvement in urinary symptoms and pelvic muscle strength were evaluated using a validated female pelvic floor questionnaire and objectively measured at 2 months and 6 months. Significant improvement in urinary symptoms and pelvic muscle strength post treatment at 2 months and 6 months was seen in both groups with p≤0.001. Although earlier improvement seen in Hyacinth group, it did not reach level of significant when compared, between the two exercises. Mean bladder score (PFE vs Hyacinth arm) 9.13±6.54 vs. 8.74±5.21, p=0.93 (2 months) and 5.80±4.15 vs. 5.79±4.22, p=0.92 (6 months). Although there was no statistical difference between the two groups for our primary and secondary outcomes, Hyacinth group demonstrated earlier improvement in urinary symptoms at 2 months.

Although the bulbs are produced in many countries, the Netherlands is the center of the world flower bulb industry. Bulbs are specialized underground organs that undergo a series of physiological and biochemical changes during the cold season. The main purpose of this paper was to to compare the correlations between physiological parameters and biochemical changes. The storage conditions for hyacinth bulbs were: T:1°C and RH: 90%, and the five cultivars of hyacinths chosen for analysis (Gipsy Queen, Jan Boss, Miss Saigon, Pink Pearl, White Pearl), these being analyzed at two different moments (before and after the storage period), and the analyzes performed were: respiration and transpiration rates, mass loss, glucose, fructose and soluble solids contents. From obtained results it was observed decreases of the mass loss between 6% (for Jan Boss and Pink Pearl cultivars) and 10% (for White Pearl cultivar), between the initial and the final moment of analyses. For respiration rate were observed increases between 4 times (for Jan Boss cv.) up to 6 times (for Pink Pearl cv), between the initial and final moments. The soluble solids content recorded an increase between 10% for Miss Saigon cv. up to 20% for Gipsy Queen cv., between the initial and final moments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve agricultural performance and obtain potential economic benefits, an understanding of phylogenetic relationships of Hyacinthus cultivars is needed. This study aims to revisit the phylogenetic relationships of Hyacinthus cultivars using complete chloroplast genomes. Nine chloroplast genomes were de novo sequenced, assembled and annotated from seven cultivars of Hyacinthus orientalis and two Scilloideae species including Bellevalia paradoxa and Scilla siberica. The chloroplast genomes of Hyacinthus cultivars ranged from 154,458 bp to 154,641 bp, while those of Bellevalia paradoxa and Scilla siberica were 154,020 bp and 154,943 bp, respectively. Each chloroplast genome was annotated with 133 genes, including 87 protein-coding genes, 38 transfer RNA genes and 8 ribosomal RNA genes. Simple sequence repeats AAGC/CTTG and ACTAT/AGTAT were identified only in ‘Eros’, while AAATC/ATTTG were identified in all cultivars except ‘Eros’. Five haplotypes were identified based on 460 variable sites. Combined with six other previously published chloroplast genomes of Scilloideae, a sliding window analysis and a phylogenetic analysis were performed. Divergence hotspots ndhA and trnG-UGC were identified with a nucleotide diversity threshold at 0.04. The phylogenetic positions of Hyacinthus cultivars were different from the previous study using ISSR. Complete chloroplast genomes serve as new evidence in Hyacinthus cultivar phylogeny, contributing to cultivar identification, preservation and breeding.

Urinary Incontinence (UI) negatively impact women's physical, psychological and health-related quality of life. Pelvic strengthening exercise is the first line management in UI. We hypothesized that Hyacinth exercise is better than Pelvic Floor Exercise (PFE) in strengthening pelvic floor muscles, thus reducing female urinary incontinence. This randomized controlled trial involved 180 women with UI. Participants were taught on either Hyacinth exercise or PFE alone. Improvement in urinary symptoms and pelvic muscle strength were evaluated using a validated female pelvic floor questionnaire and objectively measured at 2 months and 6 months. Significant improvement in urinary symptoms and pelvic muscle strength post treatment at 2 months and 6 months was seen in both groups with p=0.001. Although earlier improvement seen in Hyacinth group, it did not reach level of significant when compared, between the two exercises. Mean bladder score (PFE vs Hyacinth arm) 9.13±6.54 vs. 8.74±5.21, p=0.93 (2 months) and 5.80±4.15 vs. 5.79±4.22, p=0.92 (6 months). Although there was no statistical difference between the two groups for our primary and secondary outcomes, Hyacinth group demonstrated earlier improvement in urinary symptoms at 2 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study evaluated the quality of flowers in nine cultivars of Hyacinthus orientalis L. according to planting time and forcing period. Biological material was represented by nine Hyacinth cultivars: ʻCarnegieʼ (Car), ʻBlue Jacketʼ (B J), ʻBlue Starʼ (B S), ʻChina Pinkʼ (C P), ʻFondanteʼ (Fon), ʻGipsy Queenʼ (G Q), ʻPink Pearlʼ (P P), ʻRembrandtʼ (Rem), ʻMiss Saigonʼ (M S). A mixture of leaf soil and sand represented the growth substrate. The planting was done on three different calendar dates: November 10 (P I), November 24 (P II), and December 12 (P III) 2018, respectively. Forcing period (FP: FP I, FP II, FP III), flower stem length (FS: FS I, FS II, FS III) and flowering duration (FD: FD I, FD II, FD III) were evaluated. ʻBlue Jacketʼ (B J) cultivar showed the highest values for flower stem (FS), with statistically assured differences for LSD 0.01% (FS I and FS II) and for LSD 5% (FS III), respectively. Differences statistically ensured for LSD5% were also recorded in ʻCarnegieʼ (Car), ʻFondanteʼ (Fon) cultivars (FS I and FS II), and in ʻGipsy Queenʼ (G Q) cultivar (FS I, FS II and FS III), respectively. The variation of the FS parameter in relation to FP, was described by a polynomial equation of degree 3 under conditions of R2=0.839, p=0.045 for FP I, and by a polynomial equation of degree 2 under conditions of R2=0.923, p=0.0016 for FP II. The flowering duration (FD) according to the forcing period (FP) was described by a polynomial equations of degree 2, under conditions of R2=0.873, p=0.0057 for FP I, and in conditions of R2 = 0.621, p=0.085 for FP II, respectively. PCA explained 58.498% of variance for PC1 and 30.622% of variance for PC2, in relation to the forcing period (FP); explained 58.052% of variance for PCI, and 34.78% of variance for PC2 in relation to flowering duration (FD), and explained 93.882% of variance for PC1 and 4.1988% of variance for PC2, respectively, in relation to flower stem (FS). Cluster analysis (two way) facilitated the grouping of the cultivars based on affinity in relation to FP, FD and FS, under statistical safety conditions (Coph. corr = 0.849). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A research to study the chemical properties of hyacinth- and straw-compost decomposed by natural and artificial activators was conducted at the Research Field of Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta. Cow manure was used as natural activator, while Stardec (powdered) and EM4 (liquid) as artificial ones. The treatment was arranged in 2x3 factorial completely randomized design. The hyacinth and straw organic sources were decomposed by cow manure, Stardec and EM4 activators. Organic matters were incubated for 5-6 weeks then pH, C-organic, N-total, available P and K, CEC, and the .exchngeable Ca, K and Mg were measured. The results showed that the hyacinth-compost had the better maturity according to the C/N ratio (C/N20), but the two kinds of compost had the moderate mature rate of humic substances. The straw-compost had better quality though as shown in its higher available phosphorus and excheangable potassium, especially when decomposed by EM4 artificial activator. Application of artificial activators Stardec and EM4 enhanced the maturity rate of hyacinth-compost.

Abstract Background and Aim: Migraine is a debilitating disease that causes pain and suffering to patients. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic and complementary exercise on headache indices including the frequency, duration and severity of headache, and the number of synthetic drugs used and signs of depression and anxiety. Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental and applied research. Twenty-four patients with migraine who were eligible to participate in this study were randomly assigned into two groups of aerobic training (12) and a group receiving combined plant supplement (12). The aerobic training group's exercise program was performed for eight weeks and weekly three sessions and each session included 75 minutes of aerobic activity (15 minutes of warming, 45 minutes of workout, 15 minutes of cooling) with moderate intensity. The combined herbal supplement group consumed eight weeks of herbal capsules; each capsule contained 200 mg valeriana and 80 mg of melissa, which was given twice daily in the first four weeks and in the second four weeks three times daily. Headache indices and the number of synthetic drugs consumed by the headache questionnaire were evaluated and Beck's anxiety and depression questionnaire was used for anxiety and depression symptoms. The collected data were analyzed using independent t-test and t-test. Results: In the combined supplemental group of two plants, the consumption of eight weeks of herbal capsule significantly reduced the number of headache / headache days, headache severity, depression scores and the number of synthetic drugs used (p

Five commercial ionic liquid (IL) columns have been evaluated for the first time for the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of low molecular weight carbohydrate (LMWC) standards (mono-, di-, and trisaccharides, inositols, and iminosugars). A previous derivatization step was necessary to convert the LMWCs into their volatile and stable derivatives. Compared with conventional GC stationary phases, such as HP-1 and Supelcowax® 10, IL columns have shown a different selectivity in the separation of target compounds. Among the IL columns, only SLB™-IL82 allowed the elution of all the LMWCs studied. Its performance in terms of peak width and asymmetry, evaluated under different oven temperature conditions, was shown to be dependent on the carbohydrate class considered. As an example of application, a SLB™-IL82 column was successfully used to separate the complex mixtures of LMWCs in hyacinth and mulberry extracts. This column is an interesting alternative to the conventional stationary phases used in the GC analysis of LMWCs in real-world samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, environmental pollution, especially heavy metal pollution, is known as a new and possibly more dangerous pollutant than other environmental ones. For this purpose, the uptake of four aquatic plants in different environments was chosen. In this experiment, four macrophytes, i.e., umbrella palm (Cyperus alternifolius), duckweed (Lemna minor), water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), and canna (Canna × generalis), were studied in five contaminated aquatic environments, i.e., Gohar Rood river, Zarjoob river, Eynak lagoon, Anzali lagoon, and control solution (containing Cd, Cr, Pb, and Zn). The results showed that the highest uptake rates of cadmium, cobalt, vanadium, chromium, zinc, nickel, and lead were observed for duckweed fronds. The highest bioconcentration factor (BCF) of nickel was related to duckweed stem and water hyacinth root, and the highest BCF of cadmium belonged to duckweed fronds and canna root. The highest rate of uptake of cadmium, chromium, zinc, and lead was related to control. The least amount of uptake of several metals by plants was obtained from the water of Gohar Rood and Zarjoob. Generally, based on the results of this study, it can be stated that duckweed is suitable for the uptake of most heavy metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Size of bulbs is directly proportional to the quality of the flower, the commercial value of the bulb and getting more bulblet. The research was carried out to evaluate the effects of PGPR on plant growth parameters, flowering, bulb quality and bulb mineral contents in hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis L. cv. Aiolos) under greenhouse condition. In the study, there were 5 applications: (T1) Pseudomonas putida strain RCK-42A, (T2) Kluyvera cryocrescens strain RCK-113C, (T3) Paenibacillus polymyxa strain RCK-12E, (T4) Bacillus subtilis strain RCK-17C, and (T5) Control (uninoculated bacteria). The surface-sterilized bulbs were incubated separately by shaking at 80 rpm for two hours at 28 °C to coat the bulbs with the bacteria. The chlorophyll content (50.02), leaf length (26.03 cm), leaf area (268.38cm2), flower fresh and dry weight (15.54 g and 0.88 g) in T2 (Kluyvera cryocrescens strain RCK-113C) was found as the maximum according to other applications. The highest leaf width (6.37 cm) and the highest floret number were observed in T4. It was shown that the maximum bulb diameter (42.57 mm), bulb length (40.01 mm) and bulb weight (12.01 g) were determined in T2. The maximum N (2.90%), P (1.98%) and Ca (1.74%) were found in T3. Maximum Fe (0.48 mg kg-1), Mn (151.20 mg kg-1) and Zn (35.28 mg kg-1) were found in T1. Use of especially Kluyvera cryocrescens strain RCK-113C and Pseudomonas putida strain RCK-42A bacterial isolates may be effective in maintaining the sustainability of the environment and growing medium in the cultivation of hyacinth and also the development of bio fertilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out on the campus of Siirt University, Turkey between 2016-2017 years. Solid worm fertilizer at dosages of 25 g/bulb (V1), 50 g/bulb (V2), 75 g/bulb (V3) and 2 kg/da (NP1), 4 kg/da (NP2), 8 kg/da (NP3) Nitrogen-Phosphorus (NP) were applicated on hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis L. cv."Purple Star"). At the end of study, plant nutrient elements were determined on the leaves and bulbs of plants. According to leaf analysis results, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) contents were found significant (p<0,01) statistically and between 2,403-4,450%, 0,269-0,603%, 3,112-6,758%, 802,333-1520,657 mg kg-1, 46,253-88,585 mg kg-1, 15,148-33,560 mg kg-1 and 8,582-18,616 mg kg-1 respectively except calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) contents were determined between 0,775-1,130% and 0,239-0,346% respectively. In leaves the highest mean contents of N, P, K, Mg and Cu were found on V3 while Zn was found on V1 while Fe, M n and Ca were found on NP3 treatments. On the other hand, on P, Fe and Zn (P<0,01) and K (P<0,05) were found significant statistically, except N, Ca, Mg, Mn and Cu on bulbs. As well as the highest mean contents of N, P, K and Mg were found on V3 while Mn, Zn and Cu were found on V1; Fe was obtained on control and Ca was obtained V3 and NP2 treatments. The means of nutrient elements as N 1,063-1,713%, P 0,191-0,337, K 0,817-1,183%, Ca 0,287-0,372%, Mg 0,089-0,119 %, Fe 169,540-482,209 mg kg-1, Mn 12,410-23,374 mg kg-1, Zn 7,390-18,556 mg kg-1 and Cu 4,711-6,949 mg kg-1 were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was carried out in order to determine the effects of worm fertilizer and nitrogenphosphorus fertilizer dosage differences on flowering of hyacinth as a bulbous ornamental plant from 2016 to 2017 in Siirt University, Turkey. Solid worm fertilizer was applied at dosages of 25 g/bulb (V1), 50 g/bulb (V2), 75 g/bulb (V3) and 2 kg/decare (NP1), 4 kg/decare (NP2), 8 kg/decare (NP3) Nitrogen- Phosphorus (NP) were applied during the growth of hyacinth (Hyacinthus orientalis L. cv. "Purple Star"). According to the results, the lowest (the earliest time) mean values of the first flowering time, full flowering time, and harvest time were obtained as 135.25 days, 136.54 days, and 137.70 days in V1 treatment, respectively. The highest mean value on leaf number (5.71), leaf length (128.21 mm), stalk thickness (13.50 mm), and floret diameter (28.14 mm) were determined in V1. The highest mean values belong to flower diameter (66.96 mm) and length (116.33 mm) were evaluated in V2 and V3, respectively. Among NP fertilizers, in NP1 the highest mean value on floret number (37.69) while in NP2 the highest mean value on floret length (26.76 mm) were obtained. The highest mean values on leaf diameter and plant height were found as 28.86 mm and 179.54 mm in NP3 treatment. As a result, it has been determined that the hyacinth can be grown with worm fertilization without chemical fertilizer use under ecological conditions of Siirt province. Considering the adversae effects of chemical fertilizers on the environment, it is proved that there are no statistically significant differences between them and the worm fertilizer, which is a bio-fertilizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Sino-Western Studies is the property of Sanovan Press, Nordic Forum of Sino-Western Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)