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4. Adapting to Change: People and Policies

Author

Tompkins, Emma L., Vincent, Katharine, Suckall, Natalie, Rahman, Rezaur, Ghosh, Tuhin, Mensah, Adelina, Anderson, Kirk, Chapman, Alexander, Prati, Giorgia, Hutton, Craig W., Day, Sophie, Price, Victoria, Nicholls, Robert J., editor, Adger, W. Neil, editor, Hutton, Craig W., editor, and Hanson, Susan E., editor

Published
2020
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7. Sustainable Deltas in the Anthropocene

Author

Nicholls, Robert J., Adger, W. Neil, Hutton, Craig W., Hanson, Susan E., Lázár, Attila N., Vincent, Katharine, Allan, Andrew, Tompkins, Emma L., Arto, Iñaki, Rahman, Md. Munsur, Hazra, Sugata, Codjoe, Samuel Nii Ardey, Nicholls, Robert J., editor, Adger, W. Neil, editor, Hutton, Craig W., editor, and Hanson, Susan E., editor

Published
2020
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8. Choices: Future Trade-Offs and Plausible Pathways

Author

Lázár, Attila N., Hanson, Susan E., Nicholls, Robert J., Allan, Andrew, Hutton, Craig W., Salehin, Mashfiqus, Kebede, Abiy S., Nicholls, Robert J., editor, Adger, W. Neil, editor, Hutton, Craig W., editor, and Hanson, Susan E., editor

Published
2020
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11. Opposing objective and subjective wellbeing outcomes within an environmentally vulnerable delta: a case study of Volta Delta, Ghana.

Author

Cannings, Laurence, Hutton, Craig W., Sorichetta, Alessandro, and Nilsen, Kristine

Subjects
SUBJECTIVE well-being (Psychology), LOGISTIC regression analysis, SUSTAINABLE development, AGRICULTURE, REGRESSION analysis
Abstract

Introduction: Despite a growing interest in the measurement and conceptualization of wellbeing, the integration within sustainability research, and the understanding of how different wellbeing outcomes relate, is limited. Many studies focus on singular, often objectively measured, outcomes, without acknowledging the breadth of available measures. This approach can result in crucial subjective information, which can be explored to understand actors' behaviors and responses, being omitted from research and policy. This study explores objective and subjective wellbeing outcomes, and how they relate, within an environmentally vulnerable context. Wellbeing and environmental services are intrinsically interlinked, therefore, appropriate policy solutions are required to address human needs and pressures on supporting ecosystems. Methods: This paper uses binary logistic regression modelling, and qualitative participatory rural appraisal methods, to understand the environmental conditions, including climatic hazards and landscape characteristics, associated with households experiencing different objective/subjective wellbeing outcomes within Volta Delta, Ghana. Results: The mixed method approach highlights a differing relationship between inland agricultural areas impacted by drought and erosion, and coastal/riverine, peri-urban landscapes exposed to flooding and salinization. Agricultural areas associate with "poor but happy" outcomes, whereas peri-urban landscapes associate with being "non-poor but unhappy." Drawing on existing literature, and both quantitative and qualitative results, these varying outcomes are hypothesized to be driven by differences in livelihood vulnerability, relative comparisons to others, responses to climatic hazards, and individualistic/collective wellbeing conceptualizations. Discussion: Our study concludes that environmental conditions influence objective and subjective wellbeing through different mechanisms. Sustainable development research should incorporate both objective and subjective measures when implementing and monitoring policy to more comprehensibly capture, and improve, wellbeing in environmentally vulnerable locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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13. Integrative Analysis Applying the Delta Dynamic Integrated Emulator Model in South-West Coastal Bangladesh

Author

Lázár, Attila N., Payo, Andres, Adams, Helen, Ahmed, Ali, Allan, Andrew, Akanda, Abdur Razzaque, Amoako Johnson, Fiifi, Barbour, Emily J., Biswas, Sujit Kumar, Caesar, John, Chapman, Alexander, Clarke, Derek, Fernandes, Jose A., Haque, Anisul, Hossain, Mostafa A. R., Hunt, Alistair, Hutton, Craig W., Kay, Susan, Mukhopadhyay, Anirban, Nicholls, Robert J., Saleh, Abul Fazal M., Salehin, Mashfiqus, Szabo, Sylvia, Whitehead, Paul G., Nicholls, Robert J., editor, Hutton, Craig W., editor, Adger, W. Neil, editor, Hanson, Susan E., editor, Rahman, Md. Munsur, editor, and Salehin, Mashfiqus, editor

Published
2018
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15. Land Cover and Land Use Analysis in Coastal Bangladesh

Author

Mukhopadhyay, Anirban, Hornby, Duncan D., Hutton, Craig W., Lázár, Attila N., Amoako Johnson, Fiifi, Ghosh, Tuhin, Nicholls, Robert J., editor, Hutton, Craig W., editor, Adger, W. Neil, editor, Hanson, Susan E., editor, Rahman, Md. Munsur, editor, and Salehin, Mashfiqus, editor

Published
2018
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19. An Integrated Approach Providing Scientific and Policy-Relevant Insights for South-West Bangladesh

Author

Nicholls, Robert J., Hutton, Craig W., Lázár, Attila N., Neil Adger, W., Allan, Andrew, Whitehead, Paul G., Wolf, Judith, Rahman, Md. Munsur, Salehin, Mashfiqus, Hanson, Susan E., Payo, Andres, Nicholls, Robert J., editor, Hutton, Craig W., editor, Adger, W. Neil, editor, Hanson, Susan E., editor, Rahman, Md. Munsur, editor, and Salehin, Mashfiqus, editor

Published
2018
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25. Sustainable Deltas in the Anthropocene

Author

Nicholls, Robert J., primary, Adger, W. Neil, additional, Hutton, Craig W., additional, Hanson, Susan E., additional, Lázár, Attila N., additional, Vincent, Katharine, additional, Allan, Andrew, additional, Tompkins, Emma L., additional, Arto, Iñaki, additional, Rahman, Md. Munsur, additional, Hazra, Sugata, additional, and Codjoe, Samuel Nii Ardey, additional

Published
2019
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26. Adapting to Change: People and Policies

Author

Tompkins, Emma L., primary, Vincent, Katharine, additional, Suckall, Natalie, additional, Rahman, Rezaur, additional, Ghosh, Tuhin, additional, Mensah, Adelina, additional, Anderson, Kirk, additional, Chapman, Alexander, additional, Prati, Giorgia, additional, Hutton, Craig W., additional, Day, Sophie, additional, and Price, Victoria, additional

Published
2019
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27. Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta, Bangladesh and India: A Transnational Mega-Delta

Author

Rahman, Md. Munsur, primary, Ghosh, Tuhin, additional, Salehin, Mashfiqus, additional, Ghosh, Amit, additional, Haque, Anisul, additional, Hossain, Mohammed Abed, additional, Das, Shouvik, additional, Hazra, Somnath, additional, Islam, Nabiul, additional, Sarker, Maminul Haque, additional, Nicholls, Robert J., additional, and Hutton, Craig W., additional

Published
2019
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40. The Development of a Framework for the Integrated Assessment of SDG Trade-Offs in the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve

Author

Marcinko, Charlotte L. J., Nicholls, Robert J., Daw, Tim M., Hazra, Sugata, Hutton, Craig W., Hill, Chris T., Clarke, Derek, Harfoot, Andy, Basu, Oindrila, Das, Isha, Giri, Sandip, Pal, Sudipa, Mondal, Partho P., Marcinko, Charlotte L. J., Nicholls, Robert J., Daw, Tim M., Hazra, Sugata, Hutton, Craig W., Hill, Chris T., Clarke, Derek, Harfoot, Andy, Basu, Oindrila, Das, Isha, Giri, Sandip, Pal, Sudipa, and Mondal, Partho P.

Abstract

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their corresponding targets are significantly interconnected, with many interactions, synergies, and trade-offs between individual goals across multiple temporal and spatial scales. This paper proposes a framework for the Integrated Assessment Modelling (IAM) of a complex deltaic socio-ecological system in order to analyze such SDG interactions. We focused on the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve (SBR), India, within the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna Delta. It is densely populated with 4.4 million people (2011), high levels of poverty, and a strong dependence on rural livelihoods. It is adjacent to the growing megacity of Kolkata. The area also includes the Indian portion of the world’s largest mangrove forest––the Sundarbans––hosting the iconic Bengal Tiger. Like all deltaic systems, this area is subject to multiple drivers of environmental change operating across scales. The IAM framework is designed to investigate socio-environmental change under a range of explorative and/or normative scenarios and explore associated policy impacts, considering a broad range of subthematic SDG indicators. The following elements were explicitly considered: (1) agriculture; (2) aquaculture; (3) mangroves; (4) fisheries; and (5) multidimensional poverty. Key questions that can be addressed include the implications of changing monsoon patterns, trade-offs between agriculture and aquaculture, or the future of the Sundarbans’ mangroves under sea-level rise and different management strategies. The novel, high-resolution analysis of SDG interactions allowed by the IAM will provide stakeholders and policy makers the opportunity to prioritize and explore the SDG targets that are most relevant to the SBR and provide a foundation for further integrated analysis.

Published
2021
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41. Deltas in the Anthropocene

Author

Nicholls, Robert J., Adger, W. Neil, Hutton, Craig W., and Hanson, Susan E.

Subjects
Geography, Environmental geography, Environment, Economic development—Environmental aspects, Environmental management, thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences, thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RG Geography::RGB Physical geography and topography, thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management, thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability
Abstract

The Anthropocene is the human-dominated modern era that has accelerated social, environmental and climate change across the world in the last few decades. This open access book examines the challenges the Anthropocene presents to the sustainable management of deltas, both the many threats as well as the opportunities. In the world’s deltas the Anthropocene is manifest in major land use change, the damming of rivers, the engineering of coasts and the growth of some of the world’s largest megacities; deltas are home to one in twelve of all people in the world. The book explores bio-physical and social dynamics and makes clear adaptation choices and trade-offs that underpin policy and governance processes, including visionary delta management plans. It details new analysis to illustrate these challenges, based on three significant and contrasting deltas: the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna, Mahanadi and Volta. This multi-disciplinary, policy-orientated volume is strongly aligned to the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals as delta populations often experience extremes of poverty, gender and structural inequality, variable levels of health and well-being, while being vulnerable to extreme and systematic climate change.

Published
2020
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43. The Development of a Framework for the Integrated Assessment of SDG Trade-Offs in the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve

Author

Marcinko, Charlotte L. J., primary, Nicholls, Robert J., additional, Daw, Tim M., additional, Hazra, Sugata, additional, Hutton, Craig W., additional, Hill, Chris T., additional, Clarke, Derek, additional, Harfoot, Andy, additional, Basu, Oindrila, additional, Das, Isha, additional, Giri, Sandip, additional, Pal, Sudipa, additional, and Mondal, Partho P., additional

Published
2021
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47. Collective influence of household and community capitals on agricultural employment as a measure of rural poverty in the Mahanadi Delta, India

Author

Berchoux, Tristan, Watmough, Gary R., Amoako Johnson, Fiifi, Hutton, Craig W., Atkinson, Peter M., Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), and Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)

Subjects
Rural Population, CAPITAL NATUREL, CAPITAL HUMAIN, Economics, RURAL EMPLOYMENT, Geography, Planning and Development, Leasehold estate, AGRICULTURAL HOUSEHOLD, RURAL DEVELOPMENT, PAUVRETE, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, DEVELOPPEMENT RURAL, Rural economics, NATURAL CAPITAL, Development economics, Family Characteristics, Ecology, Agriculture, General Medicine, Livelihood, Community resources, TRAVAIL AGRICOLE, Agrarian society, HUMAN CAPITAL, Natural capital, RURAL COMMUNITIES, Research Article, Employment, LIVING STANDARDS, India, DEVELOPPEMENT SOCIOECONOMIQUE, Humans, Environmental Chemistry, INDE, CAPITAL SOCIAL, Developing Countries, Poverty, Sustainable development, SUBSISTENCE ECONOMICS, business.industry, ECONOMIE DE SUBSISTANCE, [SDV.SA.AEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture, economy and politics, Rural livelihoods, AGRICULTURAL INCOME, REVENU AGRICOLE, MENAGE AGRICOLE, EMPLOI RURAL, SOCIAL CAPITAL, NIVEAU DE VIE, Socioeconomic Factors, Rural poverty, SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, COMMUNAUTE RURALE, Business, Agricultural labour, Livelihood capitals
Abstract

The main determinants of agricultural employment are related to households’ access to private assets and the influence of inherited social–economic stratification and power relationships. However, despite the recommendations of rural studies which have shown the importance of multilevel approaches to rural poverty, very few studies have explored quantitatively the effects of common-pool resources and household livelihood capitals on agricultural employment. Understanding the influence of access to both common-pool resources and private assets on rural livelihoods can enrich our understanding of the drivers of rural poverty in agrarian societies, which is central to achieving sustainable development pathways. Based on a participatory assessment conducted in rural communities in India, this paper differentiates two levels of livelihood capitals (household capitals and community capitals) and quantifies them using national census data and remotely sensed satellite sensor data. We characterise the effects of these two levels of livelihood capitals on precarious agricultural employment by using multilevel logistic regression. Our study brings a new perspective on livelihood studies and rural economics by demonstrating that common-pool resources and private assets do not have the same effect on agricultural livelihoods. It identifies that a lack of access to human, financial and social capitals at the household level increases the levels of precarious agricultural employment, such as daily-wage agricultural labour. Households located in communities with greater access to collective natural capital are less likely to be agricultural labourers. The statistical models also show that proximity to rural centres and access to financial infrastructures increase the likelihood of being a landless agricultural labourer. These findings suggest that investment in rural infrastructure might increase livelihood vulnerability, if not accompanied by an improvement in the provisioning of complementary rural services, such as access to rural finance, and by the implementation of agricultural tenancy laws to protect smallholders’ productive assets. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-019-01150-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2019
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49. An integrated approach providing scientific and policy-relevant insights for South-West Bangladesh

Author

Nicholls, J., Hutton, Craig W., Adger, W. Neil, Hanson, Susan E., Rahman, Md. Munsur, Nicholls, Robert J., Lázár, Attila N., Neil Adger, W., Allan, Andrew, Whitehead, Paul G., Wolf, Judith, Salehin, Mashfiqus, Payo, Andres, Nicholls, J., Hutton, Craig W., Adger, W. Neil, Hanson, Susan E., Rahman, Md. Munsur, Nicholls, Robert J., Lázár, Attila N., Neil Adger, W., Allan, Andrew, Whitehead, Paul G., Wolf, Judith, Salehin, Mashfiqus, and Payo, Andres

Abstract

Bangladesh is identified as an impact hotspot for sea-level rise in multiple studies. However, a range of other factors must be considered including catchment management, socio-economic development and governance quality, as well as delta plain biophysical processes. Taking an integrated assessment approach highlights that to 2050 future changes are more sensitive to human choice/policy intervention than climate change, ecosystem services diminish as a proportion of the economy with time, continuing historic trends and significant poverty persists for some households. Hence under favourable policy decisions, development could transform Bangladesh by 2050 making it less vulnerable to longer-term climate change and subsidence. Beyond 2050, the threats of climate change are much larger, requiring strategic adaptation responses and policy changes that must be initiated now.

Published
2018

50. Applying the global RCP–SSP–SPA scenario framework at sub-national scale: A multi-scale and participatory scenario approach

Author

Kebede, Abiy S., primary, Nicholls, Robert J., additional, Allan, Andrew, additional, Arto, Iñaki, additional, Cazcarro, Ignacio, additional, Fernandes, Jose A., additional, Hill, Chris T., additional, Hutton, Craig W., additional, Kay, Susan, additional, Lázár, Attila N., additional, Macadam, Ian, additional, Palmer, Matthew, additional, Suckall, Natalie, additional, Tompkins, Emma L., additional, Vincent, Katharine, additional, and Whitehead, Paul W., additional

Published
2018
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