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Introduction: The purpose of the study is to assess the differences between socio-demographic status of low-prevalence Bangladeshi (BD) and high-prevalence forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals (FDMN) HIV patients. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, demographic details and behavioural patterns were analysed and compared. Results: The highest number of patients was observed in adult females (54.4%) in FDMN and adult males (54%) in BD (p = 0.006). 97.74% FDMN and 59.70% BD had no income (p = 0.000). Most (94.5%) of the Bangladeshi males were migrants (p = 0.000). There was a significant difference in the mode of transmission between the 2 countries (p = 0.000). The highest mode of transmission among BD was heterogenous sexual exposure (70.8%) and among FDMN it was unsafe injections (49%). Mother-to-child transmission was significantly (p = 0.00) higher among FDMN (16.6%) than BD (8.3%). High-risk behaviours were higher among BD (65%) than FDMN (26%) (p = 0.000). Male clients of BD (35%) and female clients of FDMN (13%) had a higher likelihood of bad habits like smoking and alcohol abuse (p = 0.01). A statistically significant difference (p = 0.002 with 95% CI) was observed in the spousal status of the affected individual between the 2 countries. HIV status was found to be negative in spouses 35% and 64.5% of BD and FDMN, respectively. About 3% of FDMN people had broken/separated from their families due to HIV. About 61% of BD and 37% of FDMN adults had multiple sexual partners (p = 0.001). Conclusions: This study compares the sociodemographic variability among HIV patients of BD and FDMN groups and measures these results against other similar studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Around a million FDMNs have settled in Cox's Bazar, the southeast coastal district of Bangladesh. The geographically proximate country of Rakhine state of Myanmar following armed conflict in this area in August 2017 and created a unique humanitarian crisis. It is important to know the current health status of FDMNs because, without this information, equal and equitable health service provision is not possible. So, we conducted this study to explore the common health problems of FDMNs residing in camps of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. Method: This descriptive observational study was conducted from January 2018 to July 2019 at Cox's Bazar Medical College Hospital, Cox's Bazar which first prioritized referred tertiary hospitals for FDMNs. Result: Among study FDMNs, Age ranges from 3 months to 97 years with a median age of 40 (25-60) years and male to female representatives were almost equal (51.6% male and 48.4% female). Majority of the male were farmers (engaged in agriculture, livestock and fish farming) and the females were house makers. One third of the primary respondents have formal education (i.e. religious education) in Myanmar. More than 30% of the participants reported having H/O recent death of family members in Myanmar with a median number of two members due to recent violence. 37% FDMNs were malnourished out of them 14.7% were severe. BCG scar marks were found in 70% and only 40.7% were vaccinated with other vaccines in under five children.75.4% FDMNs were dependent on unqualified village doctors" for treatment. The most common NCD among the FDMNs people were COPD, DM, and HTN with risk factor tobacco use and frequent betel nut chewing. Chronic liver disease with underlying hepatitis C or Hepatitis B infection, HIV and TB were more common. Nearly one third FDMNs were clinically anemic. 42.9% of the participants reported do not won and use LLN in Myanmar. 73.2% FDMNs have knowledge about ORS use in diarrhea. Predominant diseases among admitted primary respondents were CLD (15.7%) followed by COPD (13%), pregnancy complication and Injury (7.2%). Major causes of death in admitted FDMNs were COPD with its complication (25%) Cardiac disease (20%), CLD with Hepatic encephalopathy (15%), CNS infection and Septic shock (10%). Conclusion: This study identifies common health problems of the FDMN also called Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. FDMNs in Bangladesh are under significant health risks and necessary to scale up targeted health care policy and improvement of local GOB and non-Government health care facilities for them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Osteoporosis, an important cause of fracture in Bangladesh is a highly unrecognized and unaddressed issue among health professionals. Osteoporosis means low bone mineral density (BMD) and screening is not done routinely to diagnose it. Moreover, the prevalence of low BMD among Health professionals in the country is not well known. To prevent osteoporosis-induced fracture it demands more attention to early detection, prevention, and treatment. Objectives: The present study was carried out to assess the bone mineral status of health professionals of Cox's Bazar medical college and also to find out the correlation with age, sex, Vitamin D, calcium supplementation, and physical activity by using quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the calcaneus. Materials and Method: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study that has been done at Cox's Bazar Medical College. Result: The total number of participants was 267 which were screened by using a calcaneal ultrasound heel bone densitometer. Among them 190 were female and 77 were male. The majority of the health professionals 237(88.76%) were below 45 years. Mostly, 194(72.66%) participants had normal BMD, 73(27.34%) participants were in osteopenia and none of them were osteoporotic. Among those above 45 years old study people, nearly half 14(46.67%) were osteopenic, and for ages below 45 years of health professionals, only 59(24.89%) were osteopenic. Out of 77 male participants, 15(19.48%) were osteopenic and out of 190 female participants, 58(30.53%) were osteopenic. Out of the total 267 study people, 81(30.34%) agreed to take calcium and vitamin-D supplementation with significant p-value = 0.003 whereas 32(39.51%) participants were in the osteopenic stage and 49(60.49%) had healthy bony status. The number of using Calcium and vitamin-D supplementation was high, which may be due to positive answers from particular participants like the elderly and health care supporting staff. In our study 120(44.94%) participants did exercise but mostly irregularly, and 147(55.06%) did not do exercise. Out of 120(44.94%) participants doing regular exercise 37(30.83%) were osteopenic and the rest of 83 (69.17%) health professionals were in normal BMD. Conclusion: Among the health care professionals, osteopenia is not uncommon and regular exercise practice and rational Calcium and vitamin-D supplementation may be preventive for osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]