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Background: Our study aims to evaluate the influence of potential determinants of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decrease after partial nephrectomy (PN), including renal parenchymal loss and othe...

Our aim was to evaluate the prognostic implications of a preoperative novel index, systemic immune inflammation index (SII) in patients undergoing surgery due to renal cell carcinoma. A retrospective analysis of 176 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy and diagnosed with RCC was carried out. Systemic immune inflammation index, which is calculated by neutrophil x platelet/lymphocyte, and other inflammation indexes such as neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte were included. The Kaplan–Meier analysis was plotted, and the groups were compared using a log-rank test. The ROC curve for the aforementioned inflammation indexes was plotted. SII (× 109/l) for lower and higher T stage group were 743.70 ± 587.55 and 907.06 ± 631.96, respectively, which is statistically significant (p = 0.01). Patients with higher Fuhrman grade (G3 and G4) were found to have higher SII (p = 0.001). SII 830 was demonstrated as the best cut-off value for overall survival. The optimal cut-off point for SII was defined as 850 for disease-specific survival. High SII scores were associated with poor overall survival in RCC patients (p = 0.034). However, no significant association was found for disease-specific survival (p = 0.29). Systemic immune inflammation index was found to be associated with increased TNM stage and poor prognosis of RCC patients udergoing radical nephrectomy.

Objective:Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the one of the most common disease in the world. Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is the gold standard procedure in BPH surgery. So TURP methods are important. The aim of our study is to compare bipolar (B) TURP and monopolar (M) TURP methods.Methods:In our study is included 120 patients who underwent TURP due to BPH. The patients were examined in two groups of 60 people. M-TURP was applied to one group while B-TURP was applied to the other group. Patients International Prostate Symptom score (IPSS), uroflowmetry (Qmax), hemoglobin loss, postoperative catheterization time, hospital stay, TUR syndrome and 6th month postoperative urethral stricture parameters were investigated. In the statistical analysis, chi-square, Student’s t-test and Wilcoxon test were performed.Results:Two groups were analyzed separately and compared. In IPSS, Qmax, hospital stay, hemoglobin loss parameters there was no significantly difference between two groups. The duration of postoperative catheterization and development of urethral stricture at postoperative 6th months found statistically significant; in the M-TURP group, more stricture development and longer catheterization time were observed (p

Background: The differential diagnosis of pelvis renalis cancer (PRC) from renal cell cancer (RCC) is difficult. Because of that, in this study, we compared the standardized uptake value (SUV) with positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) of the RCC and PRC. Methods: Twenty-one patients (12 males, 9 females; age range: 33–74 years; mean age ± standard deviation [SD]: 57.14 ± 17.6) with suspected primary renal cell cancer as Group 1 and 8 patients (6 male, 2 female; age range, 61–81; mean age ± SD, 71.5 ± 5.65) with suspected renal pelvis cancer as Group 2 detected by conventional imaging techniques (CT, magnetic resonance [MR] imaging, ultrasound, intravenous urogram, CT urography, MR urography) underwent fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT imaging between August 2010 and October 2012. Results: Mean age is 57.14 (33–74) years in Group 1 and 71.5 (61–81) years in Group 2, respectively. The mean maximum SUV (SUVmax) value was 4.6 ± 2.1 in RCC group and 16.6 ± 6.9 in PRC group. At the 18-FDG PET/CT scanning, SUVmax value higher in patients with PRC than in the patients with RCC. It was statistically different (P Conclusion: We suggested that PET/CT can be used for the differential diagnosis of renal pelvis tumor and RCC. However, further studies with larger patient number are needed to confirm our suggestion. To clarify the mechanisms of underlying these differences, molecular advanced molecular studies are needed.

OBJECTIVE The aims of the study were to evaluate whether computerised tomography texture analysis (CTTA) based on non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) has predictive value for the success of extracorporeal-shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) in upper urinary tract stones (UUTS). METHODS This study included 156 of 356 patients undergoing ESWL for UUTS sized 0.5-2 cm from 2015 to 2019. Patients with congenital kidney anomalies, radiolucent stones, multiple stones, treated for upper urinary tract stones previously and lower pole stones were excluded from study. The number of ESWL sessions of the patients was as follows: 78 (50%) patients had 1 session, 30 (19.2%) patients had 2 sessions and 48 (30.8%) patients had >2 sessions. First- and second-order CTTA properties of patients' UUTS were evaluated using texture analysis software (LIFEx Software). Other clinical features such as Hounsfield Unit (HU), initial stone size, body-mass index (BMI) and skin to stone distance (SSD) was recorded. The patients were divided into two groups according to ESWL success. Cases with residual stones larger than 4 mm were considered failed cases. RESULTS BMI, the standard deviation of HU, SSD, skewness, kurtosis, entropy and all second-order statistics were found to be statistically different between the two groups except for correlation (P

OBJECTIVE Our study aims to evaluate the efficiency and reliability of Vesical Imaging Reporting Data System (VI-RADS) in prospectively identifying the patients to undergo RE-TURBT in the management of patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive Bladder Cancer(HR-NMIBC).The secondary objective was to evaluate the performance of the VI-RADS scoring system in differentiating between muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC) prospectively. METHODS The study included 330 patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumour(TURBT) for Bladder Cancer (BC) in our clinic. All patients underwent multiparametric-magnetic resonance imaging (Mp-MRI) before the operation and VI-RADS scoring was administered. The cut-off value of VI-RADS was accepted as three and above. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for the differentiation between NMIBC and MIBC distinction in all patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the performance of the VI-RADS scoring system. In the second phase of the study, patients with MIBC and low-risk NMIBC (LR-NMBIC) were excluded and 158 patients with HR-NMIBC were included, and their sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values were measured. ROC analysis was performed. RESULTS In all patients, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values of the VI-RADS scoring in the differentiation of MIBC and NMIBC were 91.3, 91.8, 81.7 and 96.3 respectively. The AUC value was 0.934 (95%CI: 0.903-0.964). Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV values were found to be 87, 91.8, 74.1, 95.2 in the evaluation specifically made for patients with HR-NMIBC. The AUC value was 0.900 (95% CI:0.843-0.957). Inter-reader agreement was excellent (Ƙ = 0.90, 95% CI:0.71-0.95). CONCLUSIONS The VI-RADS scoring system is an effective and reliable method in determining the patients who will undergo RE-TURBT and in differentiating MIBC and NMIBC.

We evaluated whether patients who meet the survey criteria for fibromyalgia suffer from a higher rate of sexual dysfunction and sleep disorders compared to those without fibromyalgia. While 54 of the participants were patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia, the remaining 41 made up the healthy control group of the study. The patients were given four different sets of questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) in order to evaluate sleep function, fibromyalgia disease severity, depression status and sexual function. We found a mean FSFI score of 19.29 ± 3.35 in the women with FMS and 25.88 ± 2.47 in the control group. The participants with FMS suffered from higher depression rates compared to participants in the healthy group. With PSQI score > 5 indicating the presence of a sleep disorder, sleep disorders were detected in 66.6% of women with FMS and 39.3% without FMS. In the Spearman correlation analysis, weak negative correlation was found between the PSQI and FSFI values (r = − 0.213; p = 0.076). In contrast, a positive correlation was detected between the FSFI and RFIQ (r = 0.578; p =

Research evaluating the relationship between the Monocyte/HDL-C ratio (MHR) and ED is limited in number. We aimed for determining whether MHR could be an early marker of ED in our study.Eighty-nine patients diagnosed with ED during the period of April 2018-November 2018 and 100 patients that did not have any systemic diseases and erectile dysfunction were included in our study. The presence of ED was evaluated with International Erectile Function Index (IIEF-5). Peripheral blood samples were collected from the patients for complete blood count and biochemical analyses. The relationship between ED and MHR was evaluated for both groups.Body mass indices (BMI) of the ED group and the control group were significantly different in statistical terms. While a significant difference was observed for fasting blood glucose, total testosterone, luteinizing hormone values between the ED group and the control group, and follicle stimulant hormone values were found to be similar with each other. MHR values of two groups were found to be significantly different.MHR can be used as a marker for the determination of ED's severity and for its monitoring. We also believe that a large series of clinical and research studies are required for it to be applicable in clinical practice. Being the first prospective study in literature, we believe that our study would provide important contributions to the literature.

To assess the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in aging male patients with a solitary kidney.Among the patients undergoing PCNL between December 2009 and September 2014, 16 patients with solitary kidney (group 1) over the age of 40 were included in the analysis. Twenty patients with bilateral kidney patients (group 2) were included in the analysis, which constituted an age-matched control group. The patients' characteristics, stone characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative outcomes, including bleeding and transfusion rates, operative time, complications, hospital stay, stone-free rates (SFR) and renal function were evaluated.Mean age of the patients in groups 1 and 2 were 63.7 (range 48-73) and 64.8 (range 48-77). Mean stone size was 814 ± 390 mmThese results indicate that PCNL is a safe and effective method in aging male patients with a solitary kidney.

The objective of this study was to pool individual studies regarding the association of blood lipid profiles with urolithiasis to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library to identify the relevant studies up to November 2017. Studies that met all inclusion criteria were chosen, and a pooled analysis of the odds ratio between urolithiasis and dyslipidemia traits was calculated. A total of 11 observational studies (seven cross-sectional, three cohort, one case-control) with a total of 282 479 participants were examined. The overall pooled analysis of eight studies showed that high triglyceride was associated with increased estimated risk of urolithiasis (odds ratio 1.287, 95% CI 1.073-1.544; P = 0.007). Estimates of the total effect size were consistent in the sensitivity analysis. No evidence of publication bias was detected. The overall pooled analysis of nine studies showed low high-density lipoprotein was weakly associated with increased estimated risk of urolithiasis (odds ratio 1.171, 95% CI 1.010-1.358; P = 0.032). The sensitivity analysis showed conflicting results. No evidence of publication bias was detected. Three studies on the association between any dyslipidemia traits and urolithiasis showed a significant association (odds ratio 1.309, 95% CI 1.202-1.425; P < 0.001). The present meta-analysis showed that patients with higher triglyceride and lower high-density lipoprotein had an increased estimated risk of urolithiasis. A triglyceride-urolithiasis association was found to be more coherent and consistent compared with the high-density lipoprotein-urolithiasis association. Although somewhat contradictory results have been found, the meta-analysis is encouraging for evaluating urolithiasis as a systemic disorder. Further well-designed prospective randomized controlled or cohort studies are necessary to better elucidate the causal association of dyslipidemia and urolithiasis.

Background: To investigate the effect of asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis on clinical outcomes of patients undergoing trans urethral resection of prostate due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Materials and methods: A total of 514 patients were enrolled in the study. Clinical parameters and pathological results were compared before and one year after surgery. Results: Of the patients 310 were diagnosed with purely benign prostatic hyperplasia and the others were diagnosed with both prostatic inflamation (cathegory IV) and benign prostatic hyperplasia. No statistical significance was observed between two groups among the parameters including age, prostate volume and post voiding residue (P > 0.05). Patients with prostate inflammation presented higher preoperative International Prostate Symptom Score and lower Qmax values when compared to those without inflammation before trans urethral resection of prostate. Conclusion: Asymptomatic prostate inflammation can lead to worsen lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary flow rate in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Furthermore, the improvement of the complaints after surgery was worse in patients with asymptomatic prostate inflammation. Further well designed prospective-randomised studies are needed to support our findings. Keywords: Benign prostatic hyperplasia, International prostate symptom score, Prostatic inflammation, Prostate pathology, Trans urethral resection of the prostate

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases in the world and also one of the most common causes of urinary complaints that occur with increasing age. Thus, BPH should be addressed with surgical procedures. To contribute to the relevant literature, the present study aims to investigate the effects of surgical therapies for BPH on the patients quality of life.This study included 120 patients who underwent surgery for BPH at a Training and Research Hospital. The short-form health survey (SF-36) was administered to the patients before the surgery and at three months after the surgery. Eight parameters of the SF-36 and mental (MCS) and physical (PCS) component summary scores were calculated. The Student's t-test, Wilcoxon, and chi-square test were used in the statistical analysis.When the eight parameters within the SF-36 health questionnaire were examined separately, the findings showed that patients quality of life increased significantly with respect to physical functioning, social functioning, and role limitations because of emotional problems , vitality, bodily pain, general health perceptions, and mental health domains three months after surgery (p .001). The PCS and MCS significantly increased after surgery (p .001).The SF-36 questionnaire results showed that a significant improvement in the patients quality of life was observed in patients who underwent surgery for BPH. Our findings suggest that SF-36 could be considered a reliable evaluation test to be used in the patients with BPH after surgery.

Dear Editor,We read with great interest the currently published manuscript by Wu et al. [1] on the possible association between body mass index and testosterone deficiency in aging Chinese men with...

Studies show that metabolic syndrome is a factor for developing renal cell cancer (RCC) and tumour aggressiveness. In our study, we evaluated the association between renal cell cancer and cardiometabolic index (CMI) which meets the main components of the metabolic syndrome. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 310 consecutive patients with RCC who underwent radical nephrectomy at our institution. We evaluated the tumour size, histologic subtype, Fuhrman nuclear grade. CMI was calculated as the product of waist circumference (WC) to waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-c). CMI were statistically higher in patients with tumour size ≥ 7 cm than those < 7 cm (p

Sir,We read with great interest the currently published manuscript by Peng et al. [1] on the possible association between asthma and benign prostate hyperplasia. Being one of the most common diseas...

To assess the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in aging male patients.Two hundred eighty-three male patients over the years of forty undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy between December 2009 and September 2014 were evaluated, retrospectively. The patients were stratified by four age groups [40-49 (group-1), 50-59 (group-2), 60-69 (group-3), ≥70 years (group-4)]. The groups were compared regarding stone size, mean operation time, mean access number, mean nephrostomy removal time, hospitalization duration, stone-free rate, and complications rate. The patients were also evaluated with regard to glomerular filtration rate levels preoperatively and in the sixth month after surgery.Mean stone size was 810 ± 490 mmThese results indicate that percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a safe and effective method in aging male patients.

Objective Nephrotoxicity is a major complication of gentamicin (GEN), which is widely used in the treatment of severe Gram-negative infections. As we know, treatment with nebivolol has been shown to decrease renal fibrosis and glomerular injury as well as improve endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, we evaluated the potential protective effect of nebivolol (NBV) against GEN-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Material and method Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (Group 1); rats intraperitoneally injected with GEN (100 mg/kg/day; Group 2); rats treated with GEN plus distilled water (Group 3); and rats treated with GEN plus NBV (10 mg/kg/day; Group 4). After 15 days, the rats were sacrificed, their kidneys taken, and blood analysis performed. Tubular necrosis and interstitial fibrosis scores were determined histopathologically in a part of kidneys; nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were determined in other part of kidneys. Results The GSH levels in renal tissue of only GEN-treated rats were significantly lower than those in control group, and administration of NBV to GEN-treated rats significantly increased the level of GSH. The group that was given GEN and NBV had significantly lower MDA and NO levels in kidney cortex tissue than that given GEN alone. Despite the presence of mild tubular degeneration, the rats treated with GEN+NBV showed a less severe tubular necrosis, and their glomeruli maintained a better morphology compared to GEN group. Conclusion NBV exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects on GEN-induced kidney damage by reducing oxidative stress in rat model (Tab. 3, Fig. 2, Ref. 68).

Introduction: We investigated whether Oltipraz (OPZ) attenuated renal fibrosis in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rat model. Materials and Methods: We randomly divided 32 rats into four groups, each consisting of eight animals as follows: Rats in group 1 underwent a sham operation and received no treatment. Rats in group 2 underwent a sham operation and received OPZ. Rats in group 3 underwent unilateral ureteral ligation and received no treatment. Group 4 rats were subjected to unilateral ureteral ligation plus OPZ administration. Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), E-cadherin, nitric oxide (NO) and hydroxyproline levels were measured. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations were carried out. Results: TGF-β1, NO and E-cadherin levels in the UUO group were significantly higher than the sham group and these values were significantly different in treated groups compared to the UUO group. In rats treated with UUO + OPZ, despite the presence of mild tubular degeneration and less severe tubular necrosis, glomeruli maintained a better morphology when compared to the UUO group. Expressions of α-SMA in immunohistochemistry showed that the staining positivity decreased in the tubules of the OPZ-treated group. Conclusions: While the precise mechanism of action remains unknown, our results demonstrated that OPZ exerted a protective role in the UUO-mediated renal fibrosis rat model highlighting a promising therapeutic potency of Nrf2-activators for alleviating the detrimental effects of unilateral obstruction in kidneys.

INTRODUCTION Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the gold standard method for surgical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). So, the complications of TURP is important, in which erectile dysfunction is the most important. The aim of the present study is to evaluate erectile dysfunction in patients undergoing TURP treatment for BPH and investigate the correlation between metabolic syndrome and erectile dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 120 patients who underwent surgery for BPH at Beylikduzu State Hospital and Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital. IIEF-5 form was administered to the patients before the surgery and six months after the surgery. The Student's t-test, Wilcoxon, and chi-square test were used in the statistical analysis. RESULTS The patients were investigated by IIEF-5 scoring into three groups (severe, moderate, and non-ED (erectyl disfunction)-mild). The statistical analysis of IIEF-5 form administered to 120 patients who underwent surgery did not show any significant difference before surgery and six months after surgery (p > 0.05). Metabolic syndrome and erectile dysfunction correlation were examined, and a significant correlation was obtained between metabolic syndrome and severe erectile dysfunction (p

Objective To compare the efficacy of statins and ɑ blockers drug therapies for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Materials and method A total of three hundred patients were randomly distributed into three groups of one hundred patients each. Group 1 received only ɑ-adrenoceptor antagonist (ɑ-blocker, AB) (Tamsulosin), group 2 received only statin (atorvastatin), and group 3 received AB plus statin (Tamsulosin + Atorvastatin). The efficacy measurement was assessed by analyzing the changes from baseline in the total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), disease-specific QoL question score and maximum urinary flow rate at the end of 6 months in each group and between the three groups. Results Pre-treatment and post-treatment value of triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and prostate volume (PV) were not significantly different in AB group, while TG and PV were significantly lower in patients taking statin and combined therapy. The significant decrease was demonstrated in maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) in three groups. However, the most significant decrease was observed in the combination therapy group. IPSS, postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), and Quality of Life score (QoL) significantly changed in three groups. Conclusion We recommend of the use of statins in those men with BPH accompanied by MetS in which AB is ineffective alone.

Comparison of Single-use Flexible Ureterorenoscopy (SF-URS) with Reusable Fiberoptic Flexible Ureterorenoscopy (RF-URS) is one of the most popular subject in Endourology. Flexible Ureterorenoscopy (F-URS) is the gold standard method used in the treatment of kidney and ureteral stones smaller than 2 cm and together with ESWL.SF-URS has been widely used along with RF-URS. Our study aims to analyze retrospectively RF-URS and SF-URS in terms of effectiveness, reliability and cost. 200 patients who underwent F-URS due to renal stones were included in our study. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 100 patients who underwent SF-URS and 100 patients who underwent RF-URS. Mean age of the two groups was 49.58, 50.24 in the RF-URS and SF-URS groups, respectively. The presence of hypertension and diabetes, Body Mass-Index (BMI), and stone characteristics were recorded, and postoperative stone-free rates, duration of hospital stay, duration of operation, postoperative hemoglobin loss, postoperative urosepsis, and auxiliary procedures were evaluated. A cost effective analysis was carried out. The demographic data and stone characteristics of both groups were similar and there was no statistically significant difference (p> 0.05). The SF-URS group was found to be more advantageous in terms of the duration of operation (p0.05). The RF-URS group was found to be more advantageous after a cost-effective analysis (p

Female sexuality in patients with fibromyalgia has received little attention in the literature, and published data have mainly relied upon a small sample size with evident heterogeneity. Our aim was to pool the observational studies on the association between fibromyalgia and sexual dysfunction in female patients to reach a more comprehensive and reliable result. The literature search comprised of Pubmed-Medline, Cochrane, and Embase databases. The relevant studies that met the inclusion criteria were gathered and the pooled effect size was calculated. The standard mean difference of the global sexual function score as well as the sub-items scores were calculated using the random-effect size model. Sensitivity analysis was conducted. Publication bias was assessed using Funnel plots and Begg and Mazumdar rank correlation tests. The meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the MOOSE guideline. The six selected studies contained 919 participants (ranging from 51 to 362). Of those, 578 were patients with fibromyalgia, and 341 were the controls. While four studies evaluated the sexual function using the female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire, two used changes in the sexual functioning questionnaire (CSFQ). Patients with fibromyalgia had a decreased total sexual function score [(−5.02 (−7.58 to −2.46), p

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence and severity of varicocele in adult population over the age of 40. We also measured testicular size, consistency, and total testosterone levels with an aim...

Visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a novel indicator for the assessment of visceral obesity. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between VAI and premature ejaculation (PE).A total of 300 men were included in the study. Hundred and fifty men with PE and 150 men without PE (control). All men were evaluated for PE by premature ejaculation diagnostic tool (PEDT). VAI levels were calculated using body mass index (BMI), high density lipoprotein and triglyceride (TG) levels.Mean age of the study groups was 34.3 ± 5.2 (30-60) years and the mean age of the controls were 35.9 ± 5.3 (30-60) years. The men with PE had lower BMI, TG levels, waist circumference (WC) and higher high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Mean VAI level was 4.13 ± 0.7 in study group and 5.72 ± 1.6 in control group, respectively. VAI levels were statistically higher in men without PE (p .001).Our cross-sectional study demonstrated a negative correlation between VAI and PE. VAI is superior index for the evaluation and calculation the relationship between obesity and PE.

Visceral adipose index (VAI) is a novel parameter for the evaluation of visceral obesity. As we know that obesity is a risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED). So, in this study, we compared the VAI levels between the men with ED and without ED.A total of 177 men were included in the study. Ninety-five men with ED and 82 men without ED (control). All men were evaluated for ED by Index of Erectile Function-5 items (IIEF-5). VAI levels were calculated using body mass index, high density lipoprotein and tryglyceride levels.Mean age was 53.5 (38-69) in men who have ED and 53.1 (34-69) in control. The men with ED had higher body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG) levels, higher waist circumference (WC) and lower high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Mean VAI level was 5.18 ± 2.50 in study group and 3.47 ± 1.76 in control goup, respectively. VAI levels were statistically higher in men with ED (p .001).The simplicity of WC and BMI measurement and TG and HDL assessment, make VAI an easily applicable index for the evaluation of visceral fat dysfunction. VAI can be useful index for the evaluation and calculation of erectile dysfunction risk.