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This paper explores what needs to be done to better address the growing and substantial inequalities in the UK and how the 'Levelling Up' policy that seeks to address them could be improved. It argues that a much longer-term vision and a sharper, cross-government focus on fewer challenges is required to make a more tangible impact. Four key findings are identified: a focus on health and education is fundamental for our social and economic prosperity; there is a need for greater devolution of power, with transparent and robust accountability; an open, nationwide knowledge base to share what works and what does not, and the lessons learned from innovative pilots, is required; and a more holistic approach is needed to support businesses and provide them with better-quality support. This paper argues that without these issues being taken into consideration, the lives and well-being of our disadvantaged citizens, our children and our economy will continue to worsen. It concludes that making economic development a statutory function, putting it at the very heart of our public services, is needed to ensure that the levelling up outcome is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship and business is at the heart of economic development. Assisting disadvantaged individuals to upskill and explore enterprise, and enabling businesses to become more resilient, productive and competitive, leads to inclusive, sustainable regeneration and the creation of greater local prosperity. Within economic development and political structures, we need to improve leadership skills, capability and understanding of how to overcome social exclusion, achieve sustainable and inclusive growth, and better support businesses. In the devolved environment, cooperation across boundaries requires strong leadership and a coherent vision, to overcome the increasing challenges in our cities and towns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]