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6. Protection and antibody levels 35 years after primary series with hepatitis B vaccine and response to a booster dose

Author

Bruce, Michael G., primary, Bruden, Dana, additional, Hurlburt, Debby, additional, Morris, Julie, additional, Bressler, Sara, additional, Thompson, Gail, additional, Lecy, Danielle, additional, Rudolph, Karen, additional, Bulkow, Lisa, additional, Hennessy, Thomas, additional, Simons, Brenna C., additional, Weng, Mark K., additional, Nelson, Noele, additional, and McMahon, Brian J., additional

Published
2022
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7. 2009 Pandemic Influenza A H1N1 in Alaska: Temporal and Geographic Characteristics of Spread and Increased Risk of Hospitalization among Alaska Native and Asian/Pacific Islander People

Author

Wenger, Jay D., Castrodale, Louisa J., Bruden, Dana L., Keck, James W., Zulz, Tammy, Bruce, Michael G., Fearey, Donna A., McLaughlin, Joe, Hurlburt, Debby, Hummel, Kim Boyd, Kitka, Sassa, Bentley, Steve, Thomas, Timothy K., Singleton, Rosalyn, Redd, John T., Layne, Larry, Cheek, James E., and Hennessy, Thomas W.

Published
2011
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9. Haemophilus influenzae serotype a invasive disease, Alaska, USA, 1983-2011

Author

Bruce, Michael G., Zulz, Tammy, DeByle, Carolynn, Singleton, Ros, Hurlburt, Debby, Bruden, Dana, Rudolph, Karen, Hennessy, Thomas, Klejka, Joseph, and Wenger, Jay D.

Subjects
Infection control -- Research, Epidemics -- Statistics -- Alaska, Disease transmission -- Research, Hemophilus influenzae -- Distribution -- Statistics, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

Haemophilus influenzae is a bacterial pathogen that can cause serious invasive disease. The organism is classified by the presence of a capsular polysaccharide (6 STs, a-f) or its absence (nonencapsulated [...]

Published
2013
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11. Invasive pneumococcal disease caused by nonvaccine serotypes among Alaska native children with high levels of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine coverage

Author

Singleton, Rosalyn J., Hennessey, Thomas W., Bulkow, Lisa R, Hammitt, Laura L., Zulz, Tammy, Hurlburt, Debby A., Butler, Jay C., Rudolph, Karen, and Parkinson, Alan

Subjects
Pneumococcal infections -- Care and treatment, Conjugate vaccines -- Research, Conjugate vaccines -- Usage, Children -- Diseases, Children -- Care and treatment
Abstract

The association between the replacement disease and the overall decline in invasive pneumococcal disease among Alaska Native children is investigated. The results have shown that Alaska Native children are experiencing replacement invasive pneumococcal disease with serotypes not covered by heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

Published
2007

14. Long-Term Protection and Antibody Levels 35 Years after Primary Immunization Series with Hepatitis B Vaccine and Response to a Booster Dose in Those Persons Who Lost Antibody

Author

Bruce, Michael George, primary, Bruden, Dana, additional, Hurlburt, Debby, additional, Morris, Julie, additional, Bressler, Sara, additional, Thompson, Gail, additional, Lecy, Danielle, additional, Rudolph, Karen, additional, Bulkow, Lisa, additional, Hennessy, Thomas, additional, Simons, Brenna C., additional, Weng, Mark K., additional, Nelson, Noele, additional, and McMahon, Brian J., additional

Published
2021
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15. A prospective cohort study of immunogenicity of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination among Alaska Native Children, Alaska, United States

Author

Bruce, Michael G., primary, Meites, Elissa, additional, Bulkow, Lisa, additional, Panicker, Gitika, additional, Hurlburt, Debby, additional, Lecy, Danielle, additional, Thompson, Gail, additional, Rudolph, Karen, additional, Unger, Elizabeth R., additional, Hennessy, Thomas, additional, and Markowitz, Lauri E., additional

Published
2020
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16. Haemophilus influenzaeSerotype a (Hia) Carriage in a Small Alaska Community After a Cluster of Invasive Hia Disease, 2018

Author

Nolen, Leisha D, primary, Tiffany, Amanda, additional, DeByle, Carolynn, additional, Bruden, Dana, additional, Thompson, Gail, additional, Reasonover, Alisa, additional, Hurlburt, Debby, additional, Mosites, Emily, additional, Simons, Brenna C, additional, Klejka, Joe, additional, Castrodale, Louisa, additional, McLaughlin, Joseph, additional, and Bruce, Michael G, additional

Published
2020
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22. Human Seroprevalence to 11 Zoonotic Pathogens in the U.S. Arctic, Alaska

Author

Miernyk, Karen M., primary, Bruden, Dana, additional, Parkinson, Alan J., additional, Hurlburt, Debby, additional, Klejka, Joseph, additional, Berner, James, additional, Stoddard, Robyn A., additional, Handali, Sukwan, additional, Wilkins, Patricia P., additional, Kersh, Gilbert J., additional, Fitzpatrick, Kelly, additional, Drebot, Mike A., additional, Priest, Jeffrey W., additional, Pappert, Ryan, additional, Petersen, Jeannine M., additional, Teshale, Eyasu, additional, Hennessy, Thomas W., additional, and Bruce, Michael G., additional

Published
2019
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24. Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a (Hia) Carriage in a Small Alaska Community After a Cluster of Invasive Hia Disease, 2018.

Author

Nolen, Leisha D, Tiffany, Amanda, DeByle, Carolynn, Bruden, Dana, Thompson, Gail, Reasonover, Alisa, Hurlburt, Debby, Mosites, Emily, Simons, Brenna C, Klejka, Joe, Castrodale, Louisa, McLaughlin, Joseph, and Bruce, Michael G

Subjects
DNA analysis, SECRETION, CONFIDENCE intervals, RURAL conditions, HAEMOPHILUS diseases, FISHER exact test, HAEMOPHILUS influenzae, RISK assessment, CHI-squared test, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CARRIER state (Communicable diseases), RIFAMPIN, POLYMERASE chain reaction, CONTACT tracing, DATA analysis software, OROPHARYNX, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

Background Between May and July 2018, 4 Haemophilus influenzae serotype a (Hia) infections occurred in a remote Alaska community. We performed a public health response to prevent further illness and understand Hia carriage. Methods We collected oropharyngeal samples community-wide to evaluate baseline carriage. Risk factors were evaluated by interview. We offered prophylactic rifampin to individuals in contact with invasive Hia patients (contacts) and to all children aged <10 years. Oropharyngeal samples were collected again 8 weeks after rifampin distribution. Samples were tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction and culture. Results At baseline, 4 of 27 (14.8%) contacts and 7 of 364 (1.9%) noncontacts (P <.01) carried Hia. Contacts aged <10 years were more likely to carry Hia at any timepoint (11/18 [61%]) compared to contacts aged ≥10 years (3/34 [8.8%]), noncontacts aged <10 years (2/139 [1.4%]), and noncontacts ≥10 years (6/276 [2.2%]) (P <.001 for all). Hia carriers were clustered in 9 households (7% of total households). At the household level, carriage was associated with households with ≥1 contact (prevalence ratio [PR], 5.6 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.3–21.6]), crowding (PR, 7.7 [95% CI, 1.1–199.5]), and ≥3 tobacco users (PR, 5.0 [95% CI, 1.2–19.6]). Elevated carriage prevalence persisted in contacts compared to noncontacts 8 weeks after rifampin distribution (6/25 [24%] contacts, 2/114 [1.8%] noncontacts; P <.001). Conclusions Hia carriage prevalence was significantly higher among contacts than noncontacts. Rifampin prophylaxis did not result in a reduction of Hia carriage prevalence in this community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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25. Prevalence ofHelicobacter pyloriamong Alaskans: Factors associated with infection and comparison of urea breath test and anti-Helicobacter pyloriIgG antibodies

Author

Miernyk, Karen M., primary, Bulkow, Lisa R., additional, Gold, Benjamin D., additional, Bruce, Michael G., additional, Hurlburt, Debby H., additional, Griffin, Patricia M., additional, Swerdlow, David L., additional, Cook, Kim, additional, Hennessy, Thomas W., additional, and Parkinson, Alan J., additional

Published
2018
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28. Outbreak of Invasive Infections From Subtype emm26.3 Group A Streptococcus Among Homeless Adults—Anchorage, Alaska, 2016–2017

Author

Mosites, Emily, primary, Frick, Anna, additional, Gounder, Prabhu, additional, Castrodale, Louisa, additional, Li, Yuan, additional, Rudolph, Karen, additional, Hurlburt, Debby, additional, Lecy, Kristen D, additional, Zulz, Tammy, additional, Adebanjo, Tolu, additional, Onukwube, Jennifer, additional, Beall, Bernard, additional, Van Beneden, Chris A, additional, Hennessy, Thomas, additional, McLaughlin, Joseph, additional, and Bruce, Michael G, additional

Published
2017
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30. Use of Single-dose Azithromycin to Control a Community Outbreak of emm26.3 Group A Streptococcus Invasive Disease—Alaska, 2017

Author

Mosites, Emily, primary, Frick, Anna, additional, Gounder, Prabhu, additional, Castrodale, Louisa, additional, Rudolph, Karen, additional, Hurlburt, Debby, additional, Zulz, Tammy, additional, Adebanjo, Tolulope, additional, Onukwube, Jennifer, additional, Beneden, Chris Van, additional, Mclaughlin, Joseph, additional, Hennessy, Thomas, additional, and Bruce, Michael, additional

Published
2017
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32. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among Alaskans: Factors associated with infection and comparison of urea breath test and anti‐Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies.

Author

Miernyk, Karen M., Bulkow, Lisa R., Gold, Benjamin D., Bruce, Michael G., Hurlburt, Debby H., Griffin, Patricia M., Swerdlow, David L., Cook, Kim, Hennessy, Thomas W., and Parkinson, Alan J.

Subjects
HELICOBACTER pylori infections, PUBLIC health, HELICOBACTER pylori, DISEASE prevalence
Abstract

Abstract: Background: Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common human infections in the world, and studies in Alaska Native people, as well as other Indigenous peoples, have shown a high prevalence of this gastric infection. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection by urea breath test (UBT) and anti‐ H. pylori IgG among Alaskans living in four regions of the state and to identify factors associated with infection. Methods: A convenience sample of persons > 6 months old living in five rural and one urban Alaskan community were recruited from 1996 to 1997. Participants were asked about factors possibly associated with infection. Sera were collected and tested for anti‐ H. pylori IgG antibodies; a UBT was administered to participants > 5 years old. Results: We recruited 710 people of whom 571 (80%) were Alaska Native and 467 (66%) were from rural communities. Rural residents were more likely to be Alaska Native compared with urban residents (P < .001). Of the 710 people, 699 (98%) had a serum sample analyzed, and 634 (97%) persons > 5 years old had a UBT performed. H. pylori prevalence was 69% by UBT and 68% by anti‐ H. pylori IgG. Among those with a result for both tests, there was 94% concordance. Factors associated with H. pylori positivity were Alaska Native racial status, age ≥ 20 years, rural region of residence, living in a crowded home, and drinking water that was not piped or delivered. Conclusions: Helicobacter pylori prevalence is high in Alaska, especially in Alaska Native persons and rural residents. Concordance between UBT and serology was also high in this group. Two socioeconomic factors, crowding and drinking water that was not piped or delivered, were found to be associated with H. pylori positivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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41. Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Alaskan Children

Author

Wenger, Jay D., primary, Zulz, Tammy, additional, Bruden, Dana, additional, Singleton, Rosalyn, additional, Bruce, Michael G., additional, Bulkow, Lisa, additional, Parks, Debbie, additional, Rudolph, Karen, additional, Hurlburt, Debby, additional, Ritter, Troy, additional, Klejka, Joseph, additional, and Hennessy, Thomas, additional

Published
2010
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42. Impact of Conjugate Vaccine on Transmission of Antimicrobial-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Among Alaskan Children

Author

Park, Sarah Y., primary, Moore, Matthew R., additional, Bruden, Dana L., additional, Hyde, Terri B., additional, Reasonover, Alisa L., additional, Harker-Jones, Marcella, additional, Rudolph, Karen M., additional, Hurlburt, Debby A., additional, Parks, Debra J., additional, Parkinson, Alan J., additional, Schuchat, Anne, additional, and Hennessy, Thomas W., additional

Published
2008
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44. Dynamics of Helicobacter pylori -Specific Immunoglobulin G for 2 Years after Successful Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Infection in an American Indian and Alaska Native Population

Author

Miernyk, Karen M., primary, Bruden, Dana L., additional, Bruce, Michael G., additional, McMahon, Brian J., additional, Hennessy, Thomas W., additional, Peters, Helen V., additional, Hurlburt, Debby A., additional, Sacco, Frank, additional, and Parkinson, Alan J., additional

Published
2007
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48. Risk Factors for Pneumococcal Colonization of the Nasopharynx in Alaska Native Adults and Children.

Author

Reisman, Jonathan, Rudolph, Karen, Bruden, Dana, Hurlburt, Debby, Bruce, Michael G., and Hennessy, Thomas

Subjects
STREPTOCOCCAL diseases, STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae, NASOPHARYNX diseases, COMPETITIVE exclusion (Microbiology), PNEUMOCOCCAL vaccines, ALASKA Native children, OLDER Alaska Natives, DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

Background Alaska Native children have high invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) rates, and lack of in-home running water has been shown to have a significant association with infection. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines reduced IPD; however, this population saw substantial replacement disease and colonization with nonvaccine serotypes. We evaluated risk factors for nasopharyngeal pneumococcal colonization in Alaska Native adults and children. Methods We conducted annual surveys from 2008 through 2011 of residents of all ages in 8 rural Alaskan villages. Interviews were conducted, medical charts were reviewed, and nasopharyngeal swabs were cultured for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed for 3 age groups (under 10 years, 10–17 years, and 18 years and older) to determine risk factors for colonization. Results We obtained 12 535 nasopharyngeal swabs from 4980 participants. Our population lived in severely crowded conditions, and 48% of households lacked in-home running water. In children <10 years, colonization was associated with lack of in-home running water, household crowding, and more children in the home. Pneumococcal vaccination status was not associated with colonization. In older children and adults, increased number of persons in the household was associated with pneumococcal colonization. Conclusions Higher colonization prevalence may partially explain increased IPD rates seen in those lacking in-home water services. Improving availability of sanitation services and reducing household crowding may reduce the burden of IPD in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2014
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49. Epidemiology of Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease in Alaska, 2001 to 2013

Author

Rudolph, Karen, Bruce, Michael G., Bruden, Dana, Zulz, Tammy, Reasonover, Alisa, Hurlburt, Debby, and Hennessy, Thomas

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe Arctic Investigations Program (AIP) began surveillance for invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections in Alaska in 2000 as part of the invasive bacterial diseases population-based laboratory surveillance program. Between 2001 and 2013, there were 516 cases of GAS infection reported, for an overall annual incidence of 5.8 cases per 100,000 persons with 56 deaths (case fatality rate, 10.7%). Of the 516 confirmed cases of invasive GAS infection, 422 (82%) had isolates available for laboratory analysis. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, cefotaxime, and levofloxacin. Resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin, and clindamycin was seen in 11% (n= 8), 5.8% (n= 20), and 1.2% (n= 4) of the isolates, respectively. A total of 51 emmtypes were identified, of which emm1 (11.1%) was the most prevalent, followed by emm82 (8.8%), emm49 (7.8%), emm12 and emm3 (6.6% each), emm89 (6.2%), emm108 (5.5%), emm28 (4.7%), emm92 (4%), and emm41 (3.8%). The five most common emmtypes accounted for 41% of isolates. The emmtypes in the proposed 26-valent and 30-valent vaccines accounted for 56% and 78% of all cases, respectively. GAS remains an important cause of invasive bacterial disease in Alaska. Continued surveillance of GAS infections will help improve understanding of the epidemiology of invasive disease, with an impact on disease control, notification of outbreaks, and vaccine development.

Published
2015
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50. Letters.

Author

Applebaum, Gary E., Beasley, John W., Crausman, Robert S., Gorman, Mary Jo, Jimbo, Masahito, Vege, Santhi Swaroop, Manian, Farrin A., Goldman, Lee, Frucht, Steven, Bell, Scott A., Strassberg, David, Hennessy, Thomas W., Bruden, Dana, Petersen, Kenneth M., Parkinson, Alan J., Hurlburt, Debby, Getty, Marilyn, Butler, Jay C., Knudtson, Merril L., and Schwartz, Benjamin

Subjects
MEDICINE, HOSPITAL care, PARKINSON'S disease, CHELATION therapy, STREPTOCOCCUS pneumoniae, THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

Presents letters to the editor on various medical topics as of April 24, 2002. Advantages and limitations of the hospitalist movement; Sudden-onset sleep in Parkinson disease; Chelation therapy for patients with ischemic heart disease; Effect of high-dose amoxicillin on the prevalence of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in rural Alaska.

Published
2002

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