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Electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) has gained popularity due to the fact that people can communicate and discuss brands through emotive expressions, remarks, and reviews regardless of their distance. The purpose and objectives of this study are to determine how e-WOM factors, such as brand image, brand awareness, and brand loyalty based on trust, influence brand equity. The study’s methodology included both qualitative and quantitative research to examine consumers’ perspectives and generalize the findings, respectively. For qualitative research on e-WOM variables, both in-depth interviews and focus groups are utilized. The next stage is to collect online responses from 410 participants and evaluate their relationships using a structural equation modeling (SEM) model. The findings suggest that content quality, the number of reviews, norm conflict, and sponsored recommendations are the characteristics that generate e-WOM and enhance the ability to establish trust in these reviews. This enhances the brand equity of digital businesses. This demonstrates the factors that managers should emphasize in order to enhance the positive effects of e-WOM and thereby increase brand equity.

The precise controllability of the Fermi level is a critical aspect of quantum materials. For topological Weyl semimetals, there is a pressing need to fine-tune the Fermi level to the Weyl nodes and unlock exotic electronic and optoelectronic effects associated with the divergent Berry curvature. However, in contrast to two-dimensional materials, where the Fermi level can be controlled through various techniques, the situation for bulk crystals beyond laborious chemical doping poses significant challenges. Here, we report the milli-electron-volt (meV) level ultra-fine-tuning of the Fermi level of bulk topological Weyl semimetal tantalum phosphide using accelerator-based high-energy hydrogen implantation and theory-driven planning. By calculating the desired carrier density and controlling the accelerator profiles, the Fermi level can be experimentally fine-tuned from 5 meV below, to 3.8 meV below, to 3.2 meV above the Weyl nodes. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals the crystalline structure is largely maintained under irradiation, while electrical transport indicates that Weyl nodes are preserved and carrier mobility is also largely retained. Our work demonstrates the viability of this generic approach to tune the Fermi level in semimetal systems and could serve to achieve property fine-tuning for other bulk quantum materials with ultrahigh precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimensional layered Mg3Bi2 has emerged as a thermoelectric material due to its high cooling performance at ambient temperature, which benefits from its low lattice thermal conductivity and semimetal character. However, the semimetal character of Mg3Bi2 is sensitive to spin–orbit coupling (SOC). Thus, the underlying origin of low lattice thermal conductivity needs to be clarified in the presence of the SOC. In this work, the first-principles calculations within the two-channel model are employed to investigate the effects of the SOC on the phonon–phonon scattering on the phonon transport of Mg3Bi2. Our results show that the SOC strongly reduces the lattice thermal conductivity (up to ∼ 35 %). This reduction originates from the influence of the SOC on the transverse acoustic modes involving interlayer shearing, leading to weak interlayer bonding and enhancement anharmonicity around 50 cm−1. Our results clarify the mechanism of low thermal conductivity in Mg3Bi2 and support the design of Mg3Bi2-based materials for thermoelectric applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimensional layered Mg3Bi2 has emerged as a thermoelectric material due to its high cooling performance at ambient temperature, which benefits from its low lattice thermal conductivity and semimetal character. However, the semimetal character of Mg3Bi2 is sensitive to spin–orbit coupling (SOC). Thus, the underlying origin of low lattice thermal conductivity needs to be clarified in the presence of the SOC. In this work, the first-principles calculations within the two-channel model are employed to investigate the effects of the SOC on the phonon–phonon scattering on the phonon transport of Mg3Bi2. Our results show that the SOC strongly reduces the lattice thermal conductivity (up to ∼ 35 %). This reduction originates from the influence of the SOC on the transverse acoustic modes involving interlayer shearing, leading to weak interlayer bonding and enhancement anharmonicity around 50 cm−1. Our results clarify the mechanism of low thermal conductivity in Mg3Bi2 and support the design of Mg3Bi2-based materials for thermoelectric applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little is known about the anxiety of hospital social workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and their response to social work administration in mental health care for hospital social workers. This study investigated anxiety among hospital social workers in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2021 among 577 hospital social workers. The study results show that 67.0% of hospital social workers experienced normal and mild anxiety levels, 19.5% reported a moderate level of anxiety, and 13.5% had a severe level of anxiety. In the regression models, significant factors related to anxiety levels among hospital social workers were hospital class, gender, type of housemate, and job satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. Suggestions for social work administration are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on social work services provided to children at hospitals remain limited. This study reports the status of social work service provision for children at several hospitals in Vietnam and identifies any influencing factors. This study involved thirty in-depth interviews and three focus group discussions. Most of the hospitals in this study provided the following social work services: support and consultation services for social work-related problems for children, health education and communication services, resource mobilization and coordination services, and health worker support services. The study found factors that hinder the provision of social work services for children at Vietnam's hospitals. Moreover, central and provincial hospitals deployed better social work services for children than district hospitals, with more favorable factors at central and provincial hospitals. Pediatric specialty hospitals provided better social work services for children than general hospitals, with more favorable factors at pediatric specialty hospitals. The findings are a useful reference for policy makers, researchers, and policy makers worldwide. Future studies should pay more attention to differences in hospital levels and types of hospitals in providing social work services to children from the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the optical properties of graphite single crystal as a function of temperature between 4.5 and 500 K and within the spectral range of 0.73–6.42 eV through spectroscopic ellipsometry. At room temperature, the complex dielectric function of graphite exhibited broad spectra in the ultraviolet energy region. The Breit–Wigner–Fano (BWF) line shape analysis of the optical absorption spectrum demonstrated that two BWF line shapes were fitted with central energies at 4.85 ± 0.01 eV and 6.21 ± 0.03 eV. These two features were attributed to interference between an excitonic transition at the saddle point (M) in the band structures and collective excitations of the surface plasmons. Analysis of the temperature-dependent asymmetric BWF line shape indicated that the peak position shifted to lower energies under increasing temperatures, with the linewidth becoming narrow and the intensity increasing; this can be explained by the asymmetric factor 1/ q BWF , which decreased under increasing temperatures. The temperature dependence of optical absorption for graphite is opposite to that of the interband absorptions observed in silicon. First-principles calculations verified the presence of two resonant conditions in the ultraviolet energy region. The lifetime of surface plasmons was expected to decrease with increased temperatures, leading to a decrease of the 1/ q BWF. These results offer insight into quasiparticle band structures and collective excitations of graphite and provide valuable information for the technological development of graphite-based ultraviolet optoelectronic and photonic devices at different temperatures. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]